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Stock-Based Compensation | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2017
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract] |
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block] | ## 13. Stock-Based Compensation The Company maintains two equity compensation plans under which stock-based compensation has been granted, the 2017 Long-Term Incentive Plan, (the “LTIP”) and the 2007 Long-Term Incentive Plan (Amended and Restated as of May 1, 2014) (the “2007 Plan”). Upon the adoption of the LTIP, awards were no longer granted under the 2007 Plan. The LTIP was approved by our stockholders and provides for grants of (a) incentive stock options qualified as such under U.S. federal income tax laws, (b) stock options that do not qualify as incentive stock options, (c) stock appreciation rights, (d) restricted stock awards, (e) restricted stock units, (f) performance awards, (g) phantom stock, (h) stock bonuses, (i) dividend equivalents, or (j) any combination of such awards. The LTIP permits the granting of up to 900,000 shares to directors, officers and other employees of the Company. Grants of awards to employees are approved by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors and grants to independent members of the Board of Directors are approved by the Board of Directors. All awards are made with an exercise price or base price, as the case may be, that is not less than the full fair market value per share on the date of grant. No stock option or stock appreciation right may be exercised more than 10 years from the date of grant. Shares issued as a result of stock option exercises or stock grants are made available from authorized unissued shares of common stock or treasury stock. ### Stock Options The Company has not awarded any stock options since 2013. Stock options granted to employees or directors vested ratably over a three- or four-year vesting period and were granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of the Company’s stock on the date of grant. The Company used the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of options as of the date of grant. All stock options were fully expensed as of December 31, 2016. Following is a summary of stock option activity for the three-year period ending December 31, 2017:
|  | Options |  | Weighted- Average Exercise Price |  | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Outstanding at January 1, 2015 |  |  | 1,008,781 |  |  | $ | 13.87 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  |  | (267,440 | ) |  | $ | 7.19 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited |  |  | (1,290 | ) |  | $ | 23.14 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Expired |  |  | (9,446 | ) |  | $ | 5.92 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding at December 31, 2015 |  |  | 730,605 |  |  | $ | 16.40 |  |  |  | 3.6 years |  |  | $ | 3,722 |
Exercised |  |  | (443,283 | ) |  | $ | 14.03 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited |  |  | (933 | ) |  | $ | 24.68 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Expired |  |  | (40,672 | ) |  | $ | 21.40 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding at December 31, 2016 |  |  | 245,717 |  |  | $ | 19.82 |  |  |  | 4.4 years |  |  | $ | 4,396 |
Exercised |  |  | (79,797 | ) |  | $ | 15.43 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding and Exercisable at December 31, 2017 |  |  | 165,920 |  |  | $ | 21.92 |  |  |  | 4.2 years |  |  | $ | 2,292 |
Other data relating to option activity for the years ended December 31 are as follows:
(dollars in thousands) |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Intrinsic value of options exercised |  | $ | 1,721 |  |  | $ | 7,832 |  |  | $ | 5,857 |
Fair value of options vested |  |  | — |  |  |  | 372 |  |  |  | 948 |
The following table summarizes information with respect to stock options outstanding and exercisable under the Company’s plans at December 31, 2017:
|  | Options Outstanding and Exercisable
Exercise Price |  | Number Of Options |  | Weighted- Average Exercise Price |  | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term
$17.18 – $17.48 |  |  | 60,267 |  |  | $ | 17.44 |  |  |  | 3.9 years |
$24.18 – $24.18 |  |  | 44,151 |  |  | $ | 24.18 |  |  |  | 3.2 years |
$24.68 – $24.68 |  |  | 61,502 |  |  | $ | 24.68 |  |  |  | 5.2 years |
|  |  | 165,920 |  |  | $ | 21.92 |  |  |  | 4.2 years |
### Time-Vested Stock Awards The company grants time-vested stock awards in the form of restricted stock awards, restricted stock units or equity-settled phantom stock. Time-vested stock awards granted to non-employee directors and eligible employees in 2017 vest ratably, on an annual basis, over three years. The grant date fair value of the time-vested stock awards was equal to the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Following is a summary of time-vested stock awards activity for the three-year period ending December 31, 2017:
|  | Shares |  | Per Share Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding unvested at January 1, 2015 |  |  | 220,337 |  |  | $ | 22.64 |
Granted |  |  | 87,040 |  |  | $ | 29.23 |
Vested |  |  | (102,297 | ) |  | $ | 22.42 |
Forfeited |  |  | (3,131 | ) |  | $ | 24.10 |
Outstanding unvested at December 31, 2015 |  |  | 201,949 |  |  | $ | 24.58 |
Granted |  |  | 112,912 |  |  | $ | 24.66 |
Vested |  |  | (88,301 | ) |  | $ | 25.18 |
Forfeited |  |  | (3,144 | ) |  | $ | 26.09 |
Outstanding unvested at December 31, 2016 |  |  | 223,416 |  |  | $ | 25.26 |
Granted |  |  | 66,352 |  |  | $ | 37.49 |
Vested |  |  | (99,774 | ) |  | $ | 25.19 |
Forfeited |  |  | (1,346 | ) |  | $ | 31.22 |
Outstanding unvested at December 31, 2017 |  |  | 188,648 |  |  | $ | 29.55 |
### Performance Awards The Company grants performance awards under which shares of the Company’s common stock may be earned based on the Company’s performance compared to defined metrics. The number of shares earned under a performance award may vary from zero to 200% of the target shares awarded, based upon the Company’s performance compared to the metrics. The metrics used for the grant are determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors and may be either based on internal measures such as the Company’s financial performance compared to target or on a market-based metric such as the Company’s stock performance compared to a peer group. Performance awards cliff vest upon attainment of at least the minimum stated performance targets and minimum service requirements and are paid in common shares of the Company’s stock. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense related to market-based performance awards based on the grant date fair value, which is computed using a Monte Carlo simulation. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense related to internal measure-based performance awards based on the grant date fair value, which was the closing price of the Company’s stock on the date of grant. The Company adjusts the stock-based compensation expense related to internal metric-based performance awards according to its determination of the potential achievement of the performance target at each reporting date. The fair value of performance grants are expensed over the service period of approximately 2.8 years. Following is a summary of performance share award activity for the three-year period ending December 31, 2017:
|  | Shares |  | Per Share Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2015 |  |  | 126,803 |  |  | $ | 26.63 |
Granted at target |  |  | 69,978 |  |  | $ | 38.70 |
Vested |  |  | (40,474 | ) |  | $ | 24.68 |
Forfeited for performance below target |  |  | (3,810 | ) |  | $ | 24.68 |
Forfeited |  |  | (8,889 | ) |  | $ | 30.87 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2015 |  |  | 143,608 |  |  | $ | 32.68 |
Granted at target |  |  | 79,661 |  |  | $ | 28.25 |
Earned for performance above target |  |  | 20,650 |  |  | $ | 31.01 |
Vested |  |  | (98,270 | ) |  | $ | 27.74 |
Forfeited |  |  | (1,626 | ) |  | $ | 32.96 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2016 |  |  | 144,023 |  |  | $ | 32.92 |
Granted at target |  |  | 47,454 |  |  | $ | 47.12 |
Forfeited for performance below target |  |  | (24,873) |  |  | $ | 36.40 |
Vested |  |  | (39,407 | ) |  | $ | 40.15 |
Forfeited |  |  | (222 | ) |  | $ | 37.22 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2017 |  |  | 126,975 |  |  | $ | 35.29 |
### Stock-based Compensation Expense The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of approximately $4.4 million, $4.7 million and $4.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, in selling, general and administrative expenses. As of December 31, 2017, there was approximately $4.4 million of total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to awards granted under the LTIP and 2007 Plan. This included $2.5 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested time-vested stock awards expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted average vesting period of approximately 1.8 years and $1.9 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested performance awards, expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted average vesting period of approximately 1.4 years. Time-vested stock awards granted to non-employee directors after 2013, and all directors after 2016, contained provisions which call for the vesting of all shares awarded upon change in control or resignation from the board for any reason except breach of fiduciary duty. As a result of these provisions, the fair value of time-vested stock awards granted to the non-employee directors after 2013 and all directors after 2016, was expensed on the date of the grant. The Company adopted ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718) on January 1, 2017. See Note 1 — Organization, Business and Significant Accounting Policies to the Financial Statements for further information regarding ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718).

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- Definition The entire disclosure for compensation-related costs for equity-based compensation, which may include disclosure of policies, compensation plan details, allocation of equity compensation, incentive distributions, equity-based arrangements to obtain goods and services, deferred compensation arrangements, employee stock ownership plan details and employee stock purchase plan details. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2228938 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 50 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2208855 + Details
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