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Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Income Taxes

Schedule of income before income taxes by geographical area

Income before income taxes by geographic area was, for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)		2019			2018			2017
Federal		$	46,445		$	48,393		$	33,830
Foreign			3,997			(5,325)			(9,190)
		$	50,442		$	43,068		$	24,640

Schedule of income tax expense

Income tax expense consisted of the following for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)		2019			2018			2017
Current
Federal		$	6,976		$	5,155		$	7,020
State			3,562			3,310			1,557
			10,538			8,465			8,577
Deferred
Federal			3,010			4,936			(1,453)
Foreign			874			(822)			(875)
State			(194)			(805)			(2,763)
			3,690			3,309			(5,091)
Income tax expense		$	14,228		$	11,774		$	3,486

Schedule of effective tax rate reconciliation

The differences between the U.S. federal statutory tax rate and the Company’s effective tax rate for operations were as follows for the years ended December 31:

		2019		2018		2017
U.S federal statutory rate		21.0	%	21.0	%	35.0	%
Deferred balance adjustments due to Tax Act, net		—		—		(31.6)
State income taxes, net of U.S. federal income tax expense		4.7		5.2		5.3
Change in valuation allowance		(0.3)		1.2		6.4
Domestic production/manufacturing deduction		—		—		(1.6)
Tax differential on foreign earnings		0.4		(0.5)		3.2
Deferred state tax adjustments, net		—		—		(2.4)
Non-deductible meals and entertainment		0.8		0.8		1.7
Stock compensation excess tax benefits		0.1		(0.1)		(3.1)
Uncertain tax positions		(0.4)		0.1		2.0
Provision to return adjustments, net		0.2		(0.2)		(0.3)
Global intangible low tax income		0.3		—		—
Non-controlling interest		0.9		(0.5)		—
Other income, net		0.5		0.3		(0.5)
Effective rate		28.2	%	27.3	%	14.1	%

Schedule of net deferred tax assets and (liabilities)

The net deferred tax assets and (liabilities) arising from temporary differences was as follows at December 31:

(in thousands)		2019			2018
Deferred income tax assets:
Self insurance reserves		$	4,458		$	4,299
Contract loss reserves			642			350
Stock-based awards			1,164			1,143
Bonus			4,904			3,271
Operating lease liabilities			5,850			—
Non-U.S. operating loss			5,499			5,641
Other			3,439			1,958
Total deferred income tax assets before valuation allowances			25,956			16,662
Less: valuation allowances			(2,508)			(2,672)
Total deferred income tax assets			23,448			13,990
Deferred income tax liabilities:
Property and equipment – tax over book depreciation			(32,220)			(26,030)
Intangible assets – tax over book amortization			(1,856)			(1,890)
Right-of-use operating lease assets			(5,850)			—
Non-U.S. deferred income tax liabilities			(2,280)			(1,443)
Other			(2,187)			(2,025)
Total deferred income tax liabilities			(44,393)			(31,388)
Net deferred income taxes		$	(20,945)		$	(17,398)

Schedule of liability for unrecognized tax benefits reconciliation

The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending liability for unrecognized tax benefits at December 31:

(in thousands)		2019			2018
Balance at beginning of period		$	327		$	751
Gross increases in current period tax positions			31			25
Settlements with taxing authorities			(88)			—
Reductions in tax positions due to lapse of statutory limitations			(118)			(8)
Reclass from unrecognized tax benefits to deferred tax liability			—			(441)
Balance at end of period			152			327
Accrued interest and penalties at end of period			24			48
Total liability for unrecognized tax benefits		$	176		$	375

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Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years.

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Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets.

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Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.

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Tabular disclosure of income before income tax between domestic and foreign jurisdictions.

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Tabular disclosure of the change in unrecognized tax benefits.

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