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Income Taxes
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
The U.S. federal statutory tax rate was 21% for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was 42.5% and 26.6%, respectively, of pretax income compared to the effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 of 30.3% and 25.2%, respectively.
The difference between the U.S. federal statutory tax rate and the Company’s effective tax rates for the three months ended September 30, 2024, was primarily due to permanent difference items, largely related to deductibility limits of certain compensation including contingent compensation associated with a prior acquisition and U.S. taxes on Canadian income, as well as state income taxes.
The difference between the U.S. federal statutory tax rate and the Company’s effective tax rates for the three months ended September 30, 2023, was primarily due to state income taxes, Canadian taxes and other permanent difference items.
The difference between the U.S. federal statutory tax rate and the Company’s effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, was primarily due to permanent difference items, largely related to deductibility limits of certain compensation including contingent compensation associated with a prior acquisition and U.S. taxes on Canadian income, as well as state income taxes, partially offset by a favorable impact from stock compensation excess tax benefits.
The difference between the U.S. federal statutory tax rate and the Company’s effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, was primarily due to state income taxes, Canadian taxes and other permanent difference items partially offset by a favorable impact from stock compensation excess tax benefits.
The Company has recorded a liability for unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $0.4 million and $0.5 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, which were included in other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax liabilities as a component of income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations. The amount of interest and penalties charged to income tax expense related to unrecognized tax benefits was not significant for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
The Company is subject to taxation in various jurisdictions. The Company’s 2020 through 2022 tax returns are subject to examination by U.S. federal authorities. The Company’s tax returns are subject to examination by various state authorities for the years 2019 through 2022.