Exhibit 23.1

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CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

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We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements:

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(1) Registration Statement (Form S-3 Nos. 333-254057, 333-249715, and 333-231920) of Scholar Rock Holding Corporation,

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(2) Registration Statement (Form S-8 Nos. 333-238082 and 333-256065) pertaining to the 2018 Stock Option and Incentive Plan and 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, of Scholar Rock Holding Corporation, and

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(3) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-225192) pertaining to the 2017 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, 2018 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, and 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, of Scholar Rock Holding Corporation;

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of our report dated March 7, 2022, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Scholar Rock Holding Corporation, included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) of Scholar Rock Holding Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2021.

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/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

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Boston, Massachusetts

March 7, 2022