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LOANS | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2020
LOANS |
LOANS | NOTE D: LOANS The segments of the Company’s loan portfolio at December 31 are summarized as follows: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
(000’s omitted) | ​ | 2020 |  | 2019
Business lending | ​ | $ | 3,440,077 | ​ | $ | 2,775,876
Consumer mortgage | ​ |  | 2,401,499 | ​ |  | 2,430,902
Consumer indirect | ​ |  | 1,021,885 | ​ |  | 1,113,062
Consumer direct | ​ |  | 152,657 | ​ |  | 184,378
Home equity | ​ |  | 399,834 | ​ |  | 386,325
Gross loans, including deferred origination costs | ​ |  | 7,415,952 | ​ |  | 6,890,543
Allowance for credit losses | ​ |  | (60,869) | ​ |  | (49,911)
Loans, net of allowance for credit losses | ​ | $ | 7,355,083 | ​ | $ | 6,840,632
​ The Company had approximately $25.5 million and $32.3 million of net deferred loan origination costs included in gross loans as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Certain directors and executive officers of the Company, as well as associates of such persons, are loan customers. Loans to these individuals were made in the ordinary course of business under normal credit terms and do not have more than a normal risk of collection. Following is a summary of the aggregate amount of such loans during 2020 and 2019. ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
(000’s omitted) |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Balance at beginning of year | ​ | $ | 17,486 | ​ | $ | 20,661
New loans | ​ |  | 4,194 | ​ |  | 5,720
Payments | ​ |  | (6,131) | ​ |  | (8,895)
Balance at end of year | ​ | $ | 15,549 | ​ | $ | 17,486
​ The following table presents the aging of the amortized cost basis of the Company’s past due loans, including purchased credit deteriorated (“PCD”) loans, by segment as of December 31, 2020: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Past Due | ​ | 90+ Days Past | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | 30 – 89 | ​ | Due and | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Total | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
(000’s omitted) |  | Days |  | Still Accruing |  | Nonaccrual |  | Past Due |  | Current |  | Total Loans
Business lending | ​ | $ | 4,896 | ​ | $ | 59 | ​ | $ | 55,709 | ​ | $ | 60,664 | ​ | $ | 3,379,413 | ​ | $ | 3,440,077
Consumer mortgage | ​ |  | 13,236 | ​ |  | 3,051 | ​ |  | 14,970 | ​ |  | 31,257 | ​ |  | 2,370,242 | ​ |  | 2,401,499
Consumer indirect | ​ |  | 13,161 | ​ |  | 219 | ​ |  | 1 | ​ |  | 13,381 | ​ |  | 1,008,504 | ​ |  | 1,021,885
Consumer direct | ​ |  | 1,170 | ​ |  | 28 | ​ |  | 3 | ​ |  | 1,201 | ​ |  | 151,456 | ​ |  | 152,657
Home equity | ​ |  | 2,296 | ​ |  | 565 | ​ |  | 2,246 | ​ |  | 5,107 | ​ |  | 394,727 | ​ |  | 399,834
Total | ​ | $ | 34,759 | ​ | $ | 3,922 | ​ | $ | 72,929 | ​ | $ | 111,610 | ​ | $ | 7,304,342 | ​ | $ | 7,415,952
​ The following is an aged analysis of the Company’s past due loans by segment as of December 31, 2019: Legacy Loans (excludes loans acquired after January 1, 2009) ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Past Due | ​ | 90+ Days Past | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | 30 – 89 | ​ | Due and | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Total | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
(000’s omitted) |  | days |  | Still Accruing |  | Nonaccrual |  | Past Due |  | Current |  | Total Loans
Business lending | ​ | $ | 3,936 | ​ | $ | 126 | ​ | $ | 3,840 | ​ | $ | 7,902 | ​ | $ | 1,848,683 | ​ | $ | 1,856,585
Consumer mortgage | ​ |  | 10,990 | ​ |  | 2,052 | ​ |  | 10,131 | ​ |  | 23,173 | ​ |  | 1,973,543 | ​ |  | 1,996,716
Consumer indirect | ​ |  | 12,673 | ​ |  | 125 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 12,798 | ​ |  | 1,094,510 | ​ |  | 1,107,308
Consumer direct | ​ |  | 1,455 | ​ |  | 76 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 1,531 | ​ |  | 174,445 | ​ |  | 175,976
Home equity | ​ |  | 1,508 | ​ |  | 328 | ​ |  | 1,444 | ​ |  | 3,280 | ​ |  | 310,727 | ​ |  | 314,007
Total | ​ | $ | 30,562 | ​ | $ | 2,707 | ​ | $ | 15,415 | ​ | $ | 48,684 | ​ | $ | 5,401,908 | ​ | $ | 5,450,592
​ Acquired Loans (includes loans acquired after January 1, 2009) ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Past Due | ​ | 90+ Days Past | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | 30 – 89 | ​ | Due and | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Total | ​ | Acquired | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
(000’s omitted) |  | days |  | Still Accruing |  | Nonaccrual |  | Past Due |  | Impaired(1) |  | Current |  | Total Loans
Business lending | ​ | $ | 8,518 | ​ | $ | 2,173 | ​ | $ | 570 | ​ | $ | 11,261 | ​ | $ | 11,797 | ​ | $ | 896,233 | ​ | $ | 919,291
Consumer mortgage | ​ |  | 890 | ​ |  | 277 | ​ |  | 2,386 | ​ |  | 3,553 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 430,633 | ​ |  | 434,186
Consumer indirect | ​ |  | 79 | ​ |  | 31 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 110 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 5,644 | ​ |  | 5,754
Consumer direct | ​ |  | 59 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 52 | ​ |  | 111 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 8,291 | ​ |  | 8,402
Home equity | ​ |  | 744 | ​ |  | 238 | ​ |  | 412 | ​ |  | 1,394 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 70,924 | ​ |  | 72,318
Total | ​ | $ | 10,290 | ​ | $ | 2,719 | ​ | $ | 3,420 | ​ | $ | 16,429 | ​ | $ | 11,797 | ​ | $ | 1,411,725 | ​ | $ | 1,439,951
​
(1) | Acquired impaired loans were not classified as nonperforming assets as the loans are considered to be performing under ASC 310-30. As a result interest income, through the accretion of the difference between the carrying amount of the loans and the expected cashflows, is being recognized on all acquired impaired loans.
The delinquency status for loans on payment deferment due to COVID-19 financial hardship were reported at December 31, 2020 based on their delinquency status at the execution date of the payment deferment, unless subsequent to the execution date of the payment deferment, the borrower made all required past due payments to bring the loan to current status. No interest income on nonaccrual loans was recognized during the year ended December 31, 2020 or December 31, 2019. The Company wrote off $1.5 million of accrued interest on nonaccrual loans by reversing interest income in 2020 primarily due to the reversal of accrued interest on business lending loans of certain commercial borrowers, which primarily operate in the hospitality, travel and entertainment industries, who requested and were granted further extensions of existing loan repayment forbearance due to the continued pandemic-related financial hardship they were experiencing, which were reclassified from accruing to nonaccrual status. An immaterial amount of accrued interest was written off on nonaccrual loans by reversing interest income in 2019. The Company uses several credit quality indicators to assess credit risk in an ongoing manner. The Company’s primary credit quality indicator for its business lending portfolio is an internal credit risk rating system that categorizes loans as “pass”, “special mention”, “classified”, or “doubtful”. Credit risk ratings are applied individually to those classes of loans that have significant or unique credit characteristics that benefit from a case-by-case evaluation. Loans that were granted initial COVID-19 related financial hardship payment deferrals were not automatically downgraded into lower credit risk ratings, but will continue to be monitored for indications of deterioration that could result in future downgrades. In general, the following are the definitions of the Company’s credit quality indicators: ​
​ | ​ | ​
Pass |  | The condition of the borrower and the performance of the loans are satisfactory or better.
​ | ​ | ​
Special Mention | ​ | The condition of the borrower has deteriorated although the loan performs as agreed. Loss may be incurred at some future date, if conditions deteriorate further.
​ | ​ | ​
Classified | ​ | The condition of the borrower has significantly deteriorated and the performance of the loan could further deteriorate and incur loss, if deficiencies are not corrected.
​ | ​ | ​
Doubtful | ​ | The condition of the borrower has deteriorated to the point that collection of the balance is improbable based on current facts and conditions and loss is likely.
​ The following tables show the amount of business lending loans by credit quality category at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Revolving | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Loans | ​ | ​ | ​
(000’s omitted) | ​ | Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year | ​ | Amortized | ​ | ​ | ​
December 31, 2020 | ​ | 2020 | ​ | 2019 | ​ | 2018 | ​ | 2017 | ​ | 2016 | ​ | Prior | ​ | Cost Basis | ​ | Total
Business lending: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Risk rating | ​ | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Pass | ​ | $ | 860,178 | ​ | $ | 351,350 | ​ | $ | 312,087 | ​ | $ | 217,138 | ​ | $ | 231,453 | ​ | $ | 543,999 | ​ | $ | 483,018 | ​ | $ | 2,999,223
Special mention | ​ |  | 14,687 | ​ |  | 36,041 | ​ |  | 28,410 | ​ |  | 21,875 | ​ |  | 29,386 | ​ |  | 51,657 | ​ |  | 52,732 | ​ |  | 234,788
Classified | ​ |  | 6,336 | ​ |  | 4,560 | ​ |  | 30,422 | ​ |  | 24,807 | ​ |  | 14,891 | ​ |  | 65,157 | ​ |  | 56,000 | ​ |  | 202,173
Doubtful | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 18 | ​ |  | 2,888 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 108 | ​ |  | 879 | ​ |  | 3,893
Total business lending | ​ | $ | 881,201 | ​ | $ | 391,969 | ​ | $ | 373,807 | ​ | $ | 263,820 | ​ | $ | 275,730 | ​ | $ | 660,921 | ​ | $ | 592,629 | ​ | $ | 3,440,077
​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | December 31, 2019
(000’s omitted) |  | Legacy |  | Acquired |  | Total
Pass | ​ | $ | 1,655,280 | ​ | $ | 832,693 | ​ | $ | 2,487,973
Special mention | ​ |  | 98,953 | ​ |  | 45,324 | ​ |  | 144,277
Classified | ​ |  | 102,352 | ​ |  | 29,477 | ​ |  | 131,829
Doubtful | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0
Acquired impaired | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 11,797 | ​ |  | 11,797
Total | ​ | $ | 1,856,585 | ​ | $ | 919,291 | ​ | $ | 2,775,876
​ All other loans are underwritten and structured using standardized criteria and characteristics, primarily payment performance, and are normally risk rated and monitored collectively on a monthly basis. These are typically loans to individuals in the consumer categories and are delineated as either performing or nonperforming. Performing loans include loans classified as current as well as those classified as 30 - 89 days past due. Nonperforming loans include 90+ days past due and still accruing and nonaccrual loans. The following table details the balances in all other loan categories at December 31, 2020: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Revolving | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Loans | ​ | ​ | ​
(000’s omitted) | ​ | Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year | ​ | Amortized | ​ | ​ | ​
December 31, 2020 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |  | Prior |  | Cost Basis |  | Total
Consumer mortgage: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
FICO AB |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Performing | ​ | $ | 260,588 | ​ | $ | 227,027 | ​ | $ | 166,638 | ​ | $ | 163,653 | ​ | $ | 160,911 | ​ | $ | 614,976 | ​ | $ | 321 | ​ | $ | 1,594,114
Nonperforming | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 275 | ​ |  | 398 | ​ |  | 345 | ​ |  | 2,709 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 3,727
Total FICO AB | ​ |  | 260,588 | ​ |  | 227,027 | ​ |  | 166,913 | ​ |  | 164,051 | ​ |  | 161,256 | ​ |  | 617,685 | ​ |  | 321 | ​ |  | 1,597,841
FICO CDE | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Performing | ​ |  | 115,049 | ​ |  | 102,788 | ​ |  | 80,973 | ​ |  | 75,289 | ​ |  | 83,214 | ​ |  | 314,668 | ​ |  | 17,382 | ​ |  | 789,363
Nonperforming | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 1,010 | ​ |  | 582 | ​ |  | 877 | ​ |  | 1,786 | ​ |  | 10,040 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 14,295
Total FICO CDE | ​ |  | 115,049 | ​ |  | 103,798 | ​ |  | 81,555 | ​ |  | 76,166 | ​ |  | 85,000 | ​ |  | 324,708 | ​ |  | 17,382 | ​ |  | 803,658
Total consumer mortgage | ​ | $ | 375,637 | ​ | $ | 330,825 | ​ | $ | 248,468 | ​ | $ | 240,217 | ​ | $ | 246,256 | ​ | $ | 942,393 | ​ | $ | 17,703 | ​ | $ | 2,401,499
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Consumer indirect: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Performing | ​ | $ | 303,471 | ​ | $ | 305,901 | ​ | $ | 202,373 | ​ | $ | 86,497 | ​ | $ | 61,449 | ​ | $ | 61,975 | ​ | $ | 0 | ​ | $ | 1,021,666
Nonperforming | ​ |  | 51 | ​ |  | 52 | ​ |  | 82 | ​ |  | 17 | ​ |  | 16 | ​ |  | 1 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 219
Total consumer indirect | ​ | $ | 303,522 | ​ | $ | 305,953 | ​ | $ | 202,455 | ​ | $ | 86,514 | ​ | $ | 61,465 | ​ | $ | 61,976 | ​ | $ | 0 | ​ | $ | 1,021,885
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Consumer direct: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Performing | ​ | $ | 49,181 | ​ | $ | 46,992 | ​ | $ | 27,872 | ​ | $ | 12,326 | ​ | $ | 5,232 | ​ | $ | 4,146 | ​ | $ | 6,878 | ​ | $ | 152,627
Nonperforming | ​ |  | 1 | ​ |  | 19 | ​ |  | 2 | ​ |  | 5 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 3 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 30
Total consumer direct | ​ | $ | 49,182 | ​ | $ | 47,011 | ​ | $ | 27,874 | ​ | $ | 12,331 | ​ | $ | 5,232 | ​ | $ | 4,149 | ​ | $ | 6,878 | ​ | $ | 152,657
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Home equity: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Performing | ​ | $ | 48,145 | ​ | $ | 48,780 | ​ | $ | 28,074 | ​ | $ | 23,524 | ​ | $ | 17,828 | ​ | $ | 35,900 | ​ | $ | 194,773 | ​ | $ | 397,024
Nonperforming | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 24 | ​ |  | 73 | ​ |  | 104 | ​ |  | 183 | ​ |  | 490 | ​ |  | 1,936 | ​ |  | 2,810
Total home equity | ​ | $ | 48,145 | ​ | $ | 48,804 | ​ | $ | 28,147 | ​ | $ | 23,628 | ​ | $ | 18,011 | ​ | $ | 36,390 | ​ | $ | 196,709 | ​ | $ | 399,834
​ The following table details the balances in all other loan categories at December 31, 2019: Legacy Loans (excludes loans acquired after January 1, 2009) ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Consumer | ​ | Consumer | ​ | Consumer | ​ | Home | ​ | ​ | ​
(000’s omitted) |  | Mortgage |  | Indirect |  | Direct |  | Equity |  | Total
Performing | ​ | $ | 1,984,533 | ​ | $ | 1,107,183 | ​ | $ | 175,900 | ​ | $ | 312,235 | ​ | $ | 3,579,851
Nonperforming | ​ |  | 12,183 | ​ |  | 125 | ​ |  | 76 | ​ |  | 1,772 | ​ |  | 14,156
Total | ​ | $ | 1,996,716 | ​ | $ | 1,107,308 | ​ | $ | 175,976 | ​ | $ | 314,007 | ​ | $ | 3,594,007
​ Acquired Loans (includes loans acquired after January 1, 2009) ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Consumer | ​ | Consumer | ​ | Consumer | ​ | Home | ​ | ​ | ​
(000’s omitted) |  | Mortgage |  | Indirect |  | Direct |  | Equity |  | Total
Performing | ​ | $ | 431,523 | ​ | $ | 5,723 | ​ | $ | 8,350 | ​ | $ | 71,668 | ​ | $ | 517,264
Nonperforming | ​ |  | 2,663 | ​ |  | 31 | ​ |  | 52 | ​ |  | 650 | ​ |  | 3,396
Total | ​ | $ | 434,186 | ​ | $ | 5,754 | ​ | $ | 8,402 | ​ | $ | 72,318 | ​ | $ | 520,660
​ All loan classes are collectively evaluated for impairment except business lending. A summary of individually evaluated impaired business lending loans as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 follows: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | December 31, | ​ | December 31,
(000’s omitted) |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Loans with allowance allocation | ​ | $ | 27,437 | ​ | $ | 0
Loans without allowance allocation | ​ |  | 8,138 | ​ |  | 1,414
Carrying balance | ​ |  | 35,575 | ​ |  | 1,414
Contractual balance | ​ |  | 38,362 | ​ |  | 2,944
Specifically allocated allowance | ​ |  | 3,874 | ​ |  | 0
​ The average carrying balance of individually evaluated impaired loans was $12.2 million, $5.1 million and $7.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. No interest income was recognized on individually evaluated impaired loans for the years ended December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. In the course of working with borrowers, the Company may choose to restructure the contractual terms of certain loans. In this scenario, the Company attempts to work-out an alternative payment schedule with the borrower in order to optimize collectability of the loan. Any loans that are modified are reviewed by the Company to identify if a TDR has occurred, which is when, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, the Company grants a concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. Terms may be modified to fit the ability of the borrower to repay in line with its current financial standing and the restructuring of the loan may include the transfer of assets from the borrower to satisfy the debt, a modification of loan terms, or a combination of the two. In accordance with clarified guidance issued by the OCC, loans that have been discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy but not reaffirmed by the borrower, are classified as TDRs, irrespective of payment history or delinquency status, even if the repayment terms for the loan have not been otherwise modified. The Company’s lien position against the underlying collateral remains unchanged. Pursuant to that guidance, the Company records a charge-off equal to any portion of the carrying value that exceeds the net realizable value of the collateral. The amount of loss incurred in 2020, 2019 and 2018 was immaterial. TDRs less than $0.5 million are collectively included in the allowance for credit loss estimate. Commercial loans greater than $0.5 million are individually evaluated for impairment, and if necessary, a specific allocation of the allowance for credit losses is provided. With regard to determination of the amount of the allowance for credit losses, troubled debt restructured loans are considered to be impaired. As a result, the determination of the amount of allowance for credit losses related to impaired loans for each portfolio segment within TDRs is the same as detailed previously. With respect to the Company’s lending activities, the Company implemented a customer forbearance program allowing for loan payment deferrals up to three months per request during 2020 to assist both consumer and business borrowers that were experiencing financial hardship due to COVID-19 related challenges. Business lending, consumer direct, and consumer indirect loans in deferment status continued to accrue interest on the deferred principal during the deferment period unless otherwise classified as nonaccrual. Consumer mortgage and home equity loans did not accrue interest on the deferred payments during the deferment period. Consistent with the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021 (“CAA”) and industry regulatory guidance, borrowers that were otherwise current on loan payments and granted COVID-19 related financial hardship payment deferrals were reported as current loans throughout the first 180 days of the deferral period and were not classified as TDRs. Borrowers that were delinquent in their payments to the Bank prior to requesting a COVID-19 related financial hardship payment deferral were reviewed on a case-by-case basis for TDR classification and non-performing loan status. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had 74 borrowers in forbearance due to COVID-19 related financial hardship, representing $66.5 million in outstanding loan balances, or 0.9% of total loans outstanding. These forbearances were comprised of 63 business borrowers representing $65.7 million in outstanding loan balances and 11 consumer borrowers representing approximately $0.8 million in outstanding loan balances. Information regarding TDRs as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 is as follows: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | December 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
(000’s omitted) | ​ | Nonaccrual | ​ | Accruing | ​ | Total | ​ | Nonaccrual | ​ | Accruing | ​ | Total
​ | ​ | # |  | Amount |  | # |  | Amount |  | # |  | Amount |  | # |  | Amount |  | # |  | Amount |  | # |  | Amount
Business lending | ​ | 6 | ​ | $ | 529 |  | 4 | ​ | $ | 191 |  | 10 | ​ | $ | 720 |  | 8 | ​ | $ | 681 |  | 3 | ​ | $ | 201 |  | 11 | ​ | $ | 882
Consumer mortgage | ​ | 56 | ​ |  | 2,413 |  | 48 | ​ |  | 2,266 |  | 104 | ​ |  | 4,679 |  | 59 | ​ |  | 2,638 |  | 47 | ​ |  | 1,892 |  | 106 | ​ |  | 4,530
Consumer indirect | ​ | 0 | ​ |  | 0 |  | 86 | ​ |  | 951 |  | 86 | ​ |  | 951 |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0 |  | 84 | ​ |  | 941 |  | 84 | ​ |  | 941
Consumer direct | ​ | 0 | ​ |  | 0 |  | 23 | ​ |  | 85 |  | 23 | ​ |  | 85 |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0 |  | 23 | ​ |  | 101 |  | 23 | ​ |  | 101
Home equity | ​ | 11 | ​ |  | 285 |  | 13 | ​ |  | 264 |  | 24 | ​ |  | 549 |  | 13 | ​ |  | 290 |  | 11 | ​ |  | 238 |  | 24 | ​ |  | 528
Total | ​ | 73 | ​ | $ | 3,227 |  | 174 | ​ | $ | 3,757 |  | 247 | ​ | $ | 6,984 |  | 80 | ​ | $ | 3,609 |  | 168 | ​ | $ | 3,373 |  | 248 | ​ | $ | 6,982
​ The following table presents information related to loans modified in a TDR during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. Of the loans noted in the table below, all consumer mortgage loans for the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, were modified due to a Chapter 7 bankruptcy as described previously. The financial effects of these restructurings were immaterial. ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | December 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
(000’s omitted) |  | # |  | Amount |  | # |  | Amount
Business lending | ​ | 1 | ​ | $ | 4 | ​ | 6 | ​ | $ | 685
Consumer mortgage | ​ | 17 | ​ |  | 1,339 | ​ | 22 | ​ |  | 1,519
Consumer indirect | ​ | 31 | ​ |  | 333 | ​ | 33 | ​ |  | 364
Consumer direct | ​ | 3 | ​ |  | 10 | ​ | 6 | ​ |  | 49
Home equity | ​ | 3 | ​ |  | 70 | ​ | 6 | ​ |  | 181
Total | ​ | 55 | ​ | $ | 1,756 | ​ | 73 | ​ | $ | 2,798
​ Allowance for Credit Losses The following presents by segment the activity in the allowance for credit losses during 2020 and 2019: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Year Ended December 31, 2020
​ | ​ | Beginning | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Beginning | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | balance, | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | balance, | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | prior to the | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | after | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | adoption of | ​ | Impact of | ​ | adoption of | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Steuben | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Ending
(000’s omitted) | ​ | ASC 326 |  | ASC 326 |  | ASC 326 |  | Charge-offs |  | Recoveries |  | acquisition |  | Provision |  | balance
Business lending | ​ | $ | 19,426 | ​ | $ | 288 | ​ | $ | 19,714 | ​ | $ | (1,497) | ​ | $ | 356 | ​ | $ | 2,343 | ​ | $ | 7,274 | ​ | $ | 28,190
Consumer mortgage | ​ |  | 10,269 | ​ |  | (1,051) | ​ |  | 9,218 | ​ |  | (862) | ​ |  | 130 | ​ |  | 146 | ​ |  | 2,040 | ​ |  | 10,672
Consumer indirect | ​ |  | 13,712 | ​ |  | (997) | ​ |  | 12,715 | ​ |  | (6,382) | ​ |  | 3,992 | ​ |  | 183 | ​ |  | 3,188 | ​ |  | 13,696
Consumer direct | ​ |  | 3,255 | ​ |  | (643) | ​ |  | 2,612 | ​ |  | (1,633) | ​ |  | 743 | ​ |  | 87 | ​ |  | 1,398 | ​ |  | 3,207
Home equity | ​ |  | 2,129 | ​ |  | 808 | ​ |  | 2,937 | ​ |  | (199) | ​ |  | 28 | ​ |  | 235 | ​ |  | (779) | ​ |  | 2,222
Unallocated | ​ |  | 957 | ​ |  | 43 | ​ |  | 1,000 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 1,000
Purchased credit deteriorated | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 3,072 | ​ |  | 3,072 | ​ |  | (91) | ​ |  | 440 | ​ |  | 668 | ​ |  | (2,207) | ​ |  | 1,882
Acquired impaired | ​ |  | 163 | ​ |  | (163) | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0
Allowance for credit losses | ​ |  | 49,911 | ​ |  | 1,357 | ​ |  | 51,268 | ​ |  | (10,664) | ​ |  | 5,689 | ​ |  | 3,662 | ​ |  | 10,914 | ​ |  | 60,869
Liabilities for off-balance-sheet credit exposures | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 1,185 | ​ |  | 1,185 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 67 | ​ |  | 237 | ​ |  | 1,489
Total allowance for credit losses and liabilities for off-balance-sheet credit exposures | ​ | $ | 49,911 | ​ | $ | 2,542 | ​ | $ | 52,453 | ​ | $ | (10,664) | ​ | $ | 5,689 | ​ | $ | 3,729 | ​ | $ | 11,151 | ​ | $ | 62,358
​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Year Ended December 31, 2019
​ |  | Business |  | Consumer |  | Consumer |  | Consumer |  | Home |  | ​ | ​ |  | Acquired |  | ​ | ​
(000’s omitted) | ​ | Lending | ​ | Mortgage | ​ | Indirect | ​ | Direct | ​ | Equity | ​ | Unallocated | ​ | Impaired | ​ | Total
Balance at December 31, 2018 | ​ |  | 18,522 | ​ |  | 10,124 | ​ |  | 14,366 | ​ |  | 3,095 | ​ |  | 2,144 | ​ |  | 1,000 | ​ |  | 33 | ​ |  | 49,284
Charge-offs | ​ |  | (2,334) | ​ |  | (1,372) | ​ |  | (7,631) | ​ |  | (1,945) | ​ |  | (445) | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | (13,727)
Recoveries | ​ |  | 826 | ​ |  | 60 | ​ |  | 4,180 | ​ |  | 710 | ​ |  | 148 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 5,924
Provision | ​ |  | 2,412 | ​ |  | 1,457 | ​ |  | 2,797 | ​ |  | 1,395 | ​ |  | 282 | ​ |  | (43) | ​ |  | 130 | ​ |  | 8,430
Balance at December 31, 2019 | ​ | $ | 19,426 | ​ | $ | 10,269 | ​ | $ | 13,712 | ​ | $ | 3,255 | ​ | $ | 2,129 | ​ | $ | 957 | ​ | $ | 163 | ​ | $ | 49,911
​ The allowance for credit losses to total loans ratio of 0.82% at December 31, 2020 was 10 basis points higher than the level at December 31, 2019. This increase was primarily due to non-economic qualitative adjustments resulting from higher loan delinquency and payment deferral levels and loan risk rating downgrades largely driven by the decline in economic conditions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Under CECL, the Company utilizes the historical loss rate on its loan portfolio as the initial basis for the estimate of credit losses using the cumulative loss, vintage loss and line loss methods which is derived from the Company’s historical loss experience from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2019. Adjustments to historical loss experience were made for differences in current loan-specific risk characteristics and to address current period delinquencies, charge-off rates, risk ratings, lack of loan level data through an entire economic cycle, changes in loan sizes and underwriting standards as well as the addition of acquired loans which were not underwritten by the Company. The Company considered historical losses immediately prior, through and following the Great Recession of 2008 compared to the historical period used for modeling to adjust the historical information to account for longer-term expectations for loan credit performance. Under CECL, the Company is required to consider future economic conditions to determine current expected credit losses. Management selected an eight quarter reasonable and supportable forecast period using a two quarter lag adjustment with a four quarter reversion to the historical mean to use as part of the economic forecast. Management determined that these qualitative adjustments were needed to adjust historical information for expected losses and to reflect changes as a result of current conditions. For qualitative macroeconomic adjustments, the Company uses third party forecasted economic data scenarios utilizing a base scenario and two alternative scenarios that were weighted based on guidance from the third party provider, with forecasts available as of December 31, 2020. These forecasts were factored into the qualitative portion of the calculation of the estimated credit losses and included the impact of COVID-19, including forecasted vaccine distribution progress, and current and future Federal stimulus packages. The scenarios utilized outline a continued weakness in economic activity with peak unemployment ranging from 6% to 10% in the fourth quarter of 2021 and a general improvement in unemployment levels over the subsequent three quarters. In addition to the economic forecast, the Company also considered additional qualitative adjustments as a result of COVID-19 and the impact on all industries, loan deferrals, delinquencies and downgrades, and the risk that Paycheck Protection Program loans will not be forgiven. Management developed expected loss estimates considering factors for segments as outlined below:
| ● | Business lending – non real estate: The Company considered projected unemployment and GDP as possible indicators of forecasted losses related to business lending and selected projected unemployment as the exclusive leading indicator in the model given the current economic environment. The Company also considered delinquencies, the level of loan deferrals, risk rating changes, recent charge-off history and acquired loans as part of the review of estimated losses.
| ● | Business lending – real estate: The Company considered projected unemployment and real estate values as possible indicators of forecasted losses related to commercial real estate loans and selected projected unemployment as the exclusive leading indicator in the model given the current economic environment. The Company also considered the factors noted in business lending – non real estate.
| ● | Consumer mortgages and home equity: The Company considered projected unemployment and real estate values as possible indicators of forecasted losses related to mortgage lending and selected projected unemployment as the exclusive leading indicator in the model given the current economic environment. In addition, current delinquencies, the level of loan deferrals, charge-offs and acquired loans were considered.
| ● | Consumer indirect: The Company considered projected unemployment and vehicle valuation indices as possible indicators of forecasted losses related to indirect lending and selected projected unemployment as the exclusive leading indicator in the model given the current economic environment. In addition, current delinquencies, the level of loan deferrals, charge-offs and acquired loans were considered.
| ● | Consumer direct: The Company considered and selected projected unemployment as the exclusive indicator of forecasted losses related to direct lending. In addition, current delinquencies, the level of loan deferrals, charge-offs and acquired loans were considered.
The following table presents the carrying amounts of loans purchased and sold during the year ended December 31, 2020 by portfolio segment: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
(000’s omitted) |  | Business lending |  | Consumer mortgage |  | Consumer indirect |  | Consumer direct |  | Home equity |  | Total
Purchases | ​ | $ | 253,509 | ​ | $ | 26,721 | ​ | $ | 13,926 | ​ | $ | 5,994 | ​ | $ | 39,554 | ​ | $ | 339,704
Sales | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 79,709 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 0 | ​ |  | 79,709
​ All the purchases during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 were associated with the Steuben acquisition on June 12, 2020 and all the sales during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 were sales of secondary market eligible residential mortgage loans.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for claims held for amounts due a entity, excluding financing receivables. Examples include, but are not limited to, trade accounts receivables, notes receivables, loans receivables. Includes disclosure for allowance for credit losses. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 310 -SubTopic 10 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2196772 + Details
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