Wesbanco is a limited partner in several tax-advantaged limited partnerships whose purpose is to invest in approved low-income housing investment tax credit projects. These investments are accounted for using the equity method of accounting and are included in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The limited partnerships are considered to be VIEs as they generally do not have equity investors with voting rights or have equity investors that do not provide sufficient financial resources to support their activities. The VIEs have not been consolidated because Wesbanco is not considered the primary beneficiary. All of Wesbanco’s investments in limited partnerships are privately held, and their market values are not readily available. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, Wesbanco had $27.9 million and $31.4 million, respectively, invested in these partnerships. Wesbanco also recognizes the unconditional unfunded equity commitments of $12.5 million and $19.9 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, in other liabilities. Wesbanco classifies the amortization of the investment as a component of income tax expense (benefit) and proportionally amortizes the investment over the tax credit period. The amount for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 was $3.4 million, $3.3 million and $2.6 million, respectively. Tax benefits attributed to these partnerships include low-income housing and historic tax credits which totaled $3.1 million, $3.2 million and $2.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively, which are also included in income tax expense.

Wesbanco is also a limited partner in seven other limited partnerships, which provide seed money and capital to startup companies, and financing to low-income housing projects. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, Wesbanco had $9.9 million and $5.8 million, respectively, invested in these partnerships, which are recorded in other assets using the equity method. Wesbanco included in operations under the equity method of accounting its share of the partnerships’ net income (expense) of $3.6 million, ($0.6) million and $0.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Income totaling $3.8 million relates to the change in the fair value of the underlying investments funded by Wesbanco's Community Development Corporation, which is included within the partnerships' net income for the year ended December 31, 2021. This income is located within net gain (loss) on other real estate owned and other assets on the consolidated statements of income and predominantly relates to the fair value increase in the underlying Tech Growth investment.

The following table presents the scheduled equity commitments to be paid to the limited partnerships over the next five years and in the aggregate thereafter as of December 31, 2021:


Year	Amount
2022	$	7,754
2023		1,513
2024		792
2025		649
2026		495
2027 and thereafter		1,302
Total	$	12,505