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Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Receivables [Abstract] |
Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses | NOTE 4. LOANS AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES The recorded investment in loans is presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets net of deferred loan fees and costs, and discounts on purchased loans. Net deferred loan costs were $9.6 million and $3.3 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, including $0.2 million and $6.1 million, respectively, of net deferred income from SBA Payroll Protection Program ("PPP") loans. The un-accreted discount on purchased loans from acquisitions was $18.0 million at December 31, 2022 and $25.9 million at December 31, 2021.
|  | December 31, |  |  | December 31, |
(in thousands) |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction |  | $ | 943,887 |  |  | $ | 833,880 |
Improved property |  |  | 5,117,457 |  |  |  | 4,705,088 |
Total commercial real estate |  |  | 6,061,344 |  |  |  | 5,538,968 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 1,571,280 |  |  |  | 1,427,645 |
Commercial and industrial - PPP |  |  | 8,115 |  |  |  | 162,675 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 2,140,584 |  |  |  | 1,721,378 |
Home equity |  |  | 695,065 |  |  |  | 605,682 |
Consumer |  |  | 226,340 |  |  |  | 277,130 |
Total portfolio loans |  |  | 10,702,728 |  |  |  | 9,733,478 |
Loans held for sale |  |  | 8,249 |  |  |  | 25,277 |
Total loans |  | $ | 10,710,977 |  |  | $ | 9,758,755 |
As of December 31, 2022, accrued interest receivable for loans was $51.8 million. Wesbanco made an accounting policy election to exclude accrued interest from the measurement of the allowance for credit losses because the Company has a robust policy in place to reverse or write-off accrued interest when loans are placed on non-accrual. However, Wesbanco does have a $0.2 million reserve on the accrued interest related to loan modifications allowed under the CARES Act due to the timing and nature of these modifications. As of December 31, 2022, accrued interest related to COVID-19 loan modifications as permitted under the CARES Act was $17.0 million. The following tables summarize changes in the allowance for credit losses applicable to each category of the loan portfolio:
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 |
(in thousands) |  | Commercial Real Estate- Land and Construction |  |  | Commercial Real Estate- Improved Property |  |  | Commercial & Industrial |  |  | Residential Real Estate |  |  | Home Equity |  |  | Consumer |  |  | Deposit Overdrafts |  |  | Total |
Balance at beginning of year: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses - loans |  | $ | 7,310 |  |  | $ | 65,355 |  |  | $ | 26,875 |  |  | $ | 15,401 |  |  | $ | 724 |  |  | $ | 3,737 |  |  | $ | 2,220 |  |  | $ | 121,622 |
Allowance for credit losses - loan commitments |  |  | 4,180 |  |  |  | 201 |  |  |  | 1,497 |  |  |  | 1,576 |  |  |  | 49 |  |  |  | 272 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 7,775 |
Total beginning allowance for credit losses - loans and loan commitments |  |  | 11,490 |  |  |  | 65,556 |  |  |  | 28,372 |  |  |  | 16,977 |  |  |  | 773 |  |  |  | 4,009 |  |  |  | 2,220 |  |  |  | 129,397 |
Provision for credit losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Provision for loan losses |  |  | (625 | ) |  |  | (12,939 | ) |  |  | 4,736 |  |  |  | 2,717 |  |  |  | 3,526 |  |  |  | 44 |  |  |  | 333 |  |  |  | (2,208 | )
Provision for loan commitments |  |  | 1,845 |  |  |  | (201 | ) |  |  | (1,497 | ) |  |  | 639 |  |  |  | 79 |  |  |  | (272 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 593 |
Total provision for credit losses - loans and loan commitments |  |  | 1,220 |  |  |  | (13,140 | ) |  |  | 3,239 |  |  |  | 3,356 |  |  |  | 3,605 |  |  |  | (228 | ) |  |  | 333 |  |  |  | (1,615 | )
Charge-offs |  |  | (73 | ) |  |  | (795 | ) |  |  | (1,068 | ) |  |  | (500 | ) |  |  | (358 | ) |  |  | (3,476 | ) |  |  | (1,622 | ) |  |  | (7,892 | )
Recoveries |  |  | 125 |  |  |  | 1,038 |  |  |  | 997 |  |  |  | 590 |  |  |  | 342 |  |  |  | 2,822 |  |  |  | 354 |  |  |  | 6,268 |
Net recoveries (charge-offs) |  |  | 52 |  |  |  | 243 |  |  |  | (71 | ) |  |  | 90 |  |  |  | (16 | ) |  |  | (654 | ) |  |  | (1,268 | ) |  |  | (1,624 | )
Balance at end of period: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses - loans |  |  | 6,737 |  |  |  | 52,659 |  |  |  | 31,540 |  |  |  | 18,208 |  |  |  | 4,234 |  |  |  | 3,127 |  |  |  | 1,285 |  |  |  | 117,790 |
Allowance for credit losses - loan commitments |  |  | 6,025 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,215 |  |  |  | 128 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 8,368 |
Total ending allowance for credit losses - loans and loan commitments |  | $ | 12,762 |  |  | $ | 52,659 |  |  | $ | 31,540 |  |  | $ | 20,423 |  |  | $ | 4,362 |  |  | $ | 3,127 |  |  | $ | 1,285 |  |  | $ | 126,158 |
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 |
(in thousands) |  | Commercial Real Estate- Land and Construction |  |  | Commercial Real Estate- Improved Property |  |  | Commercial & Industrial |  |  | Residential Real Estate |  |  | Home Equity |  |  | Consumer |  |  | Deposit Overdrafts |  |  | Total |
Balance at beginning of year: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses - loans |  | $ | 10,841 |  |  | $ | 110,652 |  |  | $ | 37,850 |  |  | $ | 17,851 |  |  | $ | 1,487 |  |  | $ | 6,507 |  |  | $ | 639 |  |  | $ | 185,827 |
Allowance for credit losses - loan commitments |  |  | 6,508 |  |  |  | 712 |  |  |  | 1,275 |  |  |  | 955 |  |  |  | 45 |  |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 9,514 |
Total beginning allowance for credit losses - loans and loan commitments |  |  | 17,349 |  |  |  | 111,364 |  |  |  | 39,125 |  |  |  | 18,806 |  |  |  | 1,532 |  |  |  | 6,526 |  |  |  | 639 |  |  |  | 195,341 |
Provision for credit losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Provision for loan losses |  |  | (3,698 | ) |  |  | (44,831 | ) |  |  | (10,749 | ) |  |  | (2,708 | ) |  |  | (899 | ) |  |  | (2,286 | ) |  |  | 2,694 |  |  |  | (62,477 | )
Provision for loan commitments |  |  | (2,328 | ) |  |  | (511 | ) |  |  | 222 |  |  |  | 621 |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 253 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,739 | )
Total provision for credit losses - loans and loan commitments |  |  | (6,026 | ) |  |  | (45,342 | ) |  |  | (10,527 | ) |  |  | (2,087 | ) |  |  | (895 | ) |  |  | (2,033 | ) |  |  | 2,694 |  |  |  | (64,216 | )
Charge-offs |  |  | (22 | ) |  |  | (1,825 | ) |  |  | (2,521 | ) |  |  | (873 | ) |  |  | (414 | ) |  |  | (2,995 | ) |  |  | (1,486 | ) |  |  | (10,136 | )
Recoveries |  |  | 189 |  |  |  | 1,359 |  |  |  | 2,295 |  |  |  | 1,131 |  |  |  | 550 |  |  |  | 2,511 |  |  |  | 373 |  |  |  | 8,408 |
Net recoveries (charge-offs) |  |  | 167 |  |  |  | (466 | ) |  |  | (226 | ) |  |  | 258 |  |  |  | 136 |  |  |  | (484 | ) |  |  | (1,113 | ) |  |  | (1,728 | )
Balance at end of period: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses - loans |  |  | 7,310 |  |  |  | 65,355 |  |  |  | 26,875 |  |  |  | 15,401 |  |  |  | 724 |  |  |  | 3,737 |  |  |  | 2,220 |  |  |  | 121,622 |
Allowance for credit losses - loan commitments |  |  | 4,180 |  |  |  | 201 |  |  |  | 1,497 |  |  |  | 1,576 |  |  |  | 49 |  |  |  | 272 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 7,775 |
Total ending allowance for credit losses - loans and loan commitments |  | $ | 11,490 |  |  | $ | 65,556 |  |  | $ | 28,372 |  |  | $ | 16,977 |  |  | $ | 773 |  |  | $ | 4,009 |  |  | $ | 2,220 |  |  | $ | 129,397 |
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, 2020 |
(in thousands) |  | Commercial Real Estate- Land and Construction |  |  | Commercial Real Estate- Improved Property |  |  | Commercial & Industrial |  |  | Residential Real Estate |  |  | Home Equity |  |  | Consumer |  |  | Deposit Overdrafts |  |  | Total |
Balance at beginning of year: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses - loans |  | $ | 4,949 |  |  | $ | 20,293 |  |  | $ | 14,116 |  |  | $ | 4,311 |  |  | $ | 4,422 |  |  | $ | 2,951 |  |  | $ | 1,387 |  |  | $ | 52,429 |
Allowance for credit losses - loan commitments |  |  | 235 |  |  |  | 22 |  |  |  | 311 |  |  |  | 15 |  |  |  | 250 |  |  |  | 41 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 874 |
Total beginning allowance for credit losses - loans and loan commitments |  |  | 5,184 |  |  |  | 20,315 |  |  |  | 14,427 |  |  |  | 4,326 |  |  |  | 4,672 |  |  |  | 2,992 |  |  |  | 1,387 |  |  |  | 53,303 |
Impact of adopting ASC 326 |  |  | 1,524 |  |  |  | 13,078 |  |  |  | 22,357 |  |  |  | 5,630 |  |  |  | (3,936 | ) |  |  | 2,576 |  |  |  | 213 |  |  |  | 41,442 |
Provision for credit losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Provision for loan losses |  |  | 6,929 |  |  |  | 78,210 |  |  |  | 3,918 |  |  |  | 9,065 |  |  |  | 1,234 |  |  |  | 2,980 |  |  |  | (376 | ) |  |  | 101,960 |
Provision for loan commitments |  |  | 3,671 |  |  |  | 712 |  |  |  | 693 |  |  |  | 560 |  |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,685 |
Total provision for credit losses - loans and loan commitments |  |  | 10,600 |  |  |  | 78,922 |  |  |  | 4,611 |  |  |  | 9,625 |  |  |  | 1,264 |  |  |  | 2,999 |  |  |  | (376 | ) |  |  | 107,645 |
Charge-offs |  |  | (51 | ) |  |  | (1,747 | ) |  |  | (3,727 | ) |  |  | (1,415 | ) |  |  | (969 | ) |  |  | (3,615 | ) |  |  | (1,011 | ) |  |  | (12,535 | )
Recoveries |  |  | 92 |  |  |  | 796 |  |  |  | 1,457 |  |  |  | 640 |  |  |  | 501 |  |  |  | 1,574 |  |  |  | 426 |  |  |  | 5,486 |
Net recoveries (charge-offs) |  |  | 41 |  |  |  | (951 | ) |  |  | (2,270 | ) |  |  | (775 | ) |  |  | (468 | ) |  |  | (2,041 | ) |  |  | (585 | ) |  |  | (7,049 | )
Balance at end of period: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses - loans |  |  | 10,841 |  |  |  | 110,652 |  |  |  | 37,850 |  |  |  | 17,851 |  |  |  | 1,487 |  |  |  | 6,507 |  |  |  | 639 |  |  |  | 185,827 |
Allowance for credit losses - loan commitments |  |  | 6,508 |  |  |  | 712 |  |  |  | 1,275 |  |  |  | 955 |  |  |  | 45 |  |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 9,514 |
Total ending allowance for credit losses - loans and loan commitments |  | $ | 17,349 |  |  | $ | 111,364 |  |  | $ | 39,125 |  |  | $ | 18,806 |  |  | $ | 1,532 |  |  | $ | 6,526 |  |  | $ | 639 |  |  | $ | 195,341 |
The following tables present the allowance for credit losses and recorded investments in loans by category, as of each period-end:
|  | Allowance for Credit Losses and Recorded Investment in Loans |
(in thousands) |  | Commercial Real Estate- Land and Construction |  |  | Commercial Real Estate- Improved Property |  |  | Commercial and Industrial |  |  | Residential Real Estate |  |  | Home Equity |  |  | Consumer |  |  | Deposit Overdrafts |  |  | Total |
December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans individually-evaluated |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,988 |  |  | $ | 130 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,118 |
Loans collectively-evaluated |  |  | 6,737 |  |  |  | 49,671 |  |  |  | 31,410 |  |  |  | 18,208 |  |  |  | 4,234 |  |  |  | 3,127 |  |  |  | 1,285 |  |  |  | 114,672 |
Loan commitments (1) |  |  | 6,025 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,215 |  |  |  | 128 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 8,368 |
Total allowance for credit losses - loans and commitments |  | $ | 12,762 |  |  | $ | 52,659 |  |  | $ | 31,540 |  |  | $ | 20,423 |  |  | $ | 4,362 |  |  | $ | 3,127 |  |  | $ | 1,285 |  |  | $ | 126,158 |
Portfolio loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually-evaluated for credit losses(1) |  | $ | 24,629 |  |  | $ | 25,369 |  |  | $ | 401 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 50,399 |
Collectively-evaluated for credit losses |  |  | 919,258 |  |  |  | 5,092,088 |  |  |  | 1,578,994 |  |  |  | 2,140,584 |  |  |  | 695,065 |  |  |  | 226,340 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 10,652,329 |
Total portfolio loans |  | $ | 943,887 |  |  | $ | 5,117,457 |  |  | $ | 1,579,395 |  |  | $ | 2,140,584 |  |  | $ | 695,065 |  |  | $ | 226,340 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 10,702,728 |
December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans individually-evaluated |  | $ | 381 |  |  | $ | 8,560 |  |  | $ | 333 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,274 |
Loans collectively-evaluated |  |  | 6,929 |  |  |  | 56,795 |  |  |  | 26,542 |  |  |  | 15,401 |  |  |  | 724 |  |  |  | 3,737 |  |  |  | 2,220 |  |  |  | 112,348 |
Loan commitments (1) |  |  | 4,180 |  |  |  | 201 |  |  |  | 1,497 |  |  |  | 1,576 |  |  |  | 49 |  |  |  | 272 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 7,775 |
Total allowance for credit losses - loans and commitments |  | $ | 11,490 |  |  | $ | 65,556 |  |  | $ | 28,372 |  |  | $ | 16,977 |  |  | $ | 773 |  |  | $ | 4,009 |  |  | $ | 2,220 |  |  | $ | 129,397 |
Portfolio loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually-evaluated for credit losses(1) |  | $ | 1,248 |  |  | $ | 66,635 |  |  | $ | 576 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 68,459 |
Collectively-evaluated for credit losses |  |  | 832,632 |  |  |  | 4,638,453 |  |  |  | 1,589,744 |  |  |  | 1,721,378 |  |  |  | 605,682 |  |  |  | 277,130 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 9,665,019 |
Total portfolio loans |  | $ | 833,880 |  |  | $ | 4,705,088 |  |  | $ | 1,590,320 |  |  | $ | 1,721,378 |  |  | $ | 605,682 |  |  | $ | 277,130 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,733,478 |
(1) For additional detail relating to loan commitments, see Footnote 18, "Commitments and Contingent Liabilities". Commercial loan risk grades are determined based on an evaluation of the relevant characteristics of each loan, assigned at inception and adjusted thereafter at any time to reflect changes in the risk profile throughout the life of each loan. The primary factors used to determine the risk grade are the sufficiency, reliability and sustainability of the primary source of repayment and overall financial strength of the borrower. The rating system more heavily weights the debt service coverage, leverage and loan to value factors to derive the risk grade. Other factors that are considered at a lesser weighting include management, industry or property type risks, payment history, collateral or guarantees. Commercial real estate – land and construction consists of loans to finance investments in vacant land, land development, construction of residential housing, and construction of commercial buildings. Commercial real estate – improved property consists of loans for the purchase or refinance of all types of improved owner-occupied and investment properties. Factors that are considered in assigning the risk grade vary depending on the type of property financed. The risk grade assigned to construction and development loans is based on the overall viability of the project, the experience and financial capacity of the developer or builder to successfully complete the project, project specific and market absorption rates and comparable property values, and the amount of pre-sales for residential housing construction or pre-leases for commercial investment property. The risk grade assigned to commercial investment property loans is based primarily on the adequacy of the net operating income generated by the property to service the debt (“debt service coverage”), the loan to appraised value, the type, quality, industry and mix of tenants, and the terms of leases. The risk grade assigned to owner-occupied commercial real estate is based primarily on global debt service coverage and the leverage of the business, but may also consider the industry in which the business operates, the business’ specific competitive advantages or disadvantages, collateral margins and the quality and experience of management. C&I loans consist of revolving lines of credit to finance accounts receivable, inventory and other general business purposes; term loans to finance fixed assets other than real estate, and letters of credit to support trade, insurance or governmental requirements for a variety of businesses. Most C&I borrowers are privately-held companies with annual sales up to $100 million. Primary factors that are considered in risk rating C&I loans include debt service coverage and leverage. Other factors including operating trends, collateral coverage along with management experience are also considered. Pass loans are those that exhibit a history of positive financial results that are at least comparable to the average for their industry or type of real estate. The primary source of repayment is acceptable and these loans are expected to perform satisfactorily during most economic cycles. Pass loans typically have no significant external factors that are expected to adversely affect these borrowers more than others in the same industry or property type. Any minor unfavorable characteristics of these loans are outweighed or mitigated by other positive factors including but not limited to adequate secondary or tertiary sources of repayment. Criticized loans, considered as compromised, have potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the bank's credit position at some future date. Criticized loans are not adversely classified by the banking regulators and do not expose the bank to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Classified loans, considered as substandard and doubtful, are equivalent to the classifications used by banking regulators. Substandard loans are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. These loans may or may not be reported as non-accrual. Doubtful loans have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently known facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. These loans are reported as non-accrual. The following tables summarize commercial loans by their assigned risk grade:
|  | Commercial Loans by Internally Assigned Risk Grade |
(in thousands) |  | Commercial Real Estate- Land and Construction |  |  | Commercial Real Estate- Improved Property |  |  | Commercial & Industrial |  |  | Total Commercial Loans |
As of December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 911,804 |  |  | $ | 4,940,135 |  |  | $ | 1,538,300 |  |  | $ | 7,390,239 |
Criticized—compromised |  |  | 1,329 |  |  |  | 121,393 |  |  |  | 25,223 |  |  |  | 147,945 |
Classified—substandard |  |  | 30,754 |  |  |  | 55,929 |  |  |  | 15,872 |  |  |  | 102,555 |
Classified—doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 943,887 |  |  | $ | 5,117,457 |  |  | $ | 1,579,395 |  |  | $ | 7,640,739 |
As of December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 823,316 |  |  | $ | 4,400,872 |  |  | $ | 1,540,569 |  |  | $ | 6,764,757 |
Criticized—compromised |  |  | 7,955 |  |  |  | 222,830 |  |  |  | 17,733 |  |  |  | 248,518 |
Classified—substandard |  |  | 2,609 |  |  |  | 81,386 |  |  |  | 32,018 |  |  |  | 116,013 |
Classified—doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 833,880 |  |  | $ | 4,705,088 |  |  | $ | 1,590,320 |  |  | $ | 7,129,288 |
Residential real estate, home equity and consumer loans are not assigned internal risk grades other than as required by regulatory guidelines that are based primarily on the age of past due loans. Wesbanco primarily evaluates the credit quality of residential real estate, home equity and consumer loans based on repayment performance and historical loss rates. The aggregate amount of residential real estate, home equity and consumer loans classified as substandard in accordance with regulatory guidelines were $24.8 million at December 31, 2022 and $30.2 million at December 31, 2021, of which $5.9 million and $7.4 million were accruing, for each period, respectively. These loans are not included in the tables above. In addition, $25.0 million and $21.7 million of unfunded criticized and classified commercial loan commitments are not included in the tables above for December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The following tables summarize the age analysis of all categories of loans.
|  | Age Analysis of Loans |
(in thousands) |  | Current |  |  | 30-59 Days Past Due |  |  | 60-89 Days Past Due |  |  | 90 Days or More Past Due |  |  | Total Past Due |  |  | Total Loans |  |  | 90 Days or More Past Due and Accruing (1) |
As of December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction |  | $ | 942,236 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 910 |  |  | $ | 741 |  |  | $ | 1,651 |  |  | $ | 943,887 |  |  | $ | 629 |
Improved property |  |  | 5,099,342 |  |  |  | 2,147 |  |  |  | 331 |  |  |  | 15,637 |  |  |  | 18,115 |  |  |  | 5,117,457 |  |  |  | 84 |
Total commercial real estate |  |  | 6,041,578 |  |  |  | 2,147 |  |  |  | 1,241 |  |  |  | 16,378 |  |  |  | 19,766 |  |  |  | 6,061,344 |  |  |  | 713 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 1,574,311 |  |  |  | 1,427 |  |  |  | 519 |  |  |  | 3,138 |  |  |  | 5,084 |  |  |  | 1,579,395 |  |  |  | 1,586 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 2,129,095 |  |  |  | 853 |  |  |  | 3,536 |  |  |  | 7,100 |  |  |  | 11,489 |  |  |  | 2,140,584 |  |  |  | 1,551 |
Home equity |  |  | 686,762 |  |  |  | 3,885 |  |  |  | 621 |  |  |  | 3,797 |  |  |  | 8,303 |  |  |  | 695,065 |  |  |  | 1,063 |
Consumer |  |  | 222,153 |  |  |  | 2,910 |  |  |  | 704 |  |  |  | 573 |  |  |  | 4,187 |  |  |  | 226,340 |  |  |  | 530 |
Total portfolio loans |  |  | 10,653,899 |  |  |  | 11,222 |  |  |  | 6,621 |  |  |  | 30,986 |  |  |  | 48,829 |  |  |  | 10,702,728 |  |  |  | 5,443 |
Loans held for sale |  |  | 8,249 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 8,249 |  |  |  | — |
Total loans |  | $ | 10,662,148 |  |  | $ | 11,222 |  |  | $ | 6,621 |  |  | $ | 30,986 |  |  | $ | 48,829 |  |  | $ | 10,710,977 |  |  | $ | 5,443 |
Nonperforming loans included above are as follows: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-accrual loans |  | $ | 10,337 |  |  | $ | 1,495 |  |  | $ | 870 |  |  | $ | 25,483 |  |  |  | 27,848 |  |  | $ | 38,185 |  |  |  |
TDRs accruing interest (1) |  |  | 3,131 |  |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | 32 |  |  |  | 60 |  |  |  | 99 |  |  |  | 3,230 |  |  |  |
Total non-performing |  | $ | 13,468 |  |  | $ | 1,502 |  |  | $ | 902 |  |  | $ | 25,543 |  |  | $ | 27,947 |  |  | $ | 41,415 |  |  |  |
As of December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction |  | $ | 833,755 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 125 |  |  | $ | 125 |  |  | $ | 833,880 |  |  | $ | 51 |
Improved property |  |  | 4,681,028 |  |  |  | 6,377 |  |  |  | 7,728 |  |  |  | 9,955 |  |  |  | 24,060 |  |  |  | 4,705,088 |  |  |  | 3,042 |
Total commercial real estate |  |  | 5,514,783 |  |  |  | 6,377 |  |  |  | 7,728 |  |  |  | 10,080 |  |  |  | 24,185 |  |  |  | 5,538,968 |  |  |  | 3,093 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 1,583,347 |  |  |  | 2,275 |  |  |  | 1,213 |  |  |  | 3,485 |  |  |  | 6,973 |  |  |  | 1,590,320 |  |  |  | 559 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 1,702,587 |  |  |  | 2,331 |  |  |  | 3,254 |  |  |  | 13,206 |  |  |  | 18,791 |  |  |  | 1,721,378 |  |  |  | 2,840 |
Home equity |  |  | 599,189 |  |  |  | 2,240 |  |  |  | 602 |  |  |  | 3,651 |  |  |  | 6,493 |  |  |  | 605,682 |  |  |  | 685 |
Consumer |  |  | 273,577 |  |  |  | 1,532 |  |  |  | 1,208 |  |  |  | 813 |  |  |  | 3,553 |  |  |  | 277,130 |  |  |  | 627 |
Total portfolio loans |  |  | 9,673,483 |  |  |  | 14,755 |  |  |  | 14,005 |  |  |  | 31,235 |  |  |  | 59,995 |  |  |  | 9,733,478 |  |  |  | 7,804 |
Loans held for sale |  |  | 25,277 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 25,277 |  |  |  | — |
Total loans |  | $ | 9,698,760 |  |  | $ | 14,755 |  |  | $ | 14,005 |  |  | $ | 31,235 |  |  | $ | 59,995 |  |  | $ | 9,758,755 |  |  | $ | 7,804 |
Nonperforming loans included above are as follows: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-accrual loans |  | $ | 11,174 |  |  | $ | 914 |  |  | $ | 564 |  |  | $ | 23,090 |  |  |  | 24,568 |  |  | $ | 35,742 |  |  |  |
TDRs accruing interest (1) |  |  | 3,275 |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 127 |  |  |  | 341 |  |  |  | 471 |  |  |  | 3,746 |  |  |  |
Total non-performing |  | $ | 14,449 |  |  | $ | 917 |  |  | $ | 691 |  |  | $ | 23,431 |  |  | $ | 25,039 |  |  | $ | 39,488 |  |  |  |
(1) Loans 90 days or more past due and accruing interest exclude TDRs 90 days or more past due and accruing interest. The following tables summarize nonperforming loans:
|  | Nonperforming Loans |
|  | December 31, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |
(in thousands) |  | Unpaid Principal Balance (1) |  |  | Recorded Investment |  |  | Related Allowance |  |  | Unpaid Principal Balance (1) |  |  | Recorded Investment |  |  | Related Allowance |
With no related specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction |  | $ | 112 |  |  | $ | 112 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 74 |  |  | $ | 73 |  |  | $ | — |
Improved property |  |  | 18,367 |  |  |  | 16,601 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 9,846 |  |  |  | 8,089 |  |  |  | — |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 4,102 |  |  |  | 3,112 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6,528 |  |  |  | 5,256 |  |  |  | — |
Residential real estate |  |  | 21,084 |  |  |  | 16,057 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 25,492 |  |  |  | 20,065 |  |  |  | — |
Home equity |  |  | 6,970 |  |  |  | 5,374 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6,985 |  |  |  | 5,440 |  |  |  | — |
Consumer |  |  | 316 |  |  |  | 159 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 869 |  |  |  | 565 |  |  |  | — |
Total nonperforming loans without a specific allowance |  |  | 50,951 |  |  |  | 41,415 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 49,794 |  |  |  | 39,488 |  |  |  | — |
Total nonperforming loans with a specific allowance |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total nonperforming loans |  | $ | 50,951 |  |  | $ | 41,415 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 49,794 |  |  | $ | 39,488 |  |  | $ | — |
(1) The difference between the unpaid principal balance and the recorded investment generally reflects amounts that have been previously charged-off and fair market value adjustments on acquired nonperforming loans.
|  | Nonperforming Loans |
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 |  |  | For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 |  |  | For the Year Ended December 31, 2020 |
(in thousands) |  | Average Recorded Investment |  |  | Interest Income Recognized |  |  | Average Recorded Investment |  |  | Interest Income Recognized |  |  | Average Recorded Investment |  |  | Interest Income Recognized |
With no related specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction |  | $ | 79 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 176 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 571 |  |  | $ | — |
Improved property |  |  | 9,324 |  |  |  | 99 |  |  |  | 7,207 |  |  |  | 32 |  |  |  | 7,193 |  |  |  | 61 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 4,233 |  |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | 4,077 |  |  |  | 11 |  |  |  | 5,256 |  |  |  | 7 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 17,873 |  |  |  | 247 |  |  |  | 20,971 |  |  |  | 155 |  |  |  | 19,651 |  |  |  | 168 |
Home equity |  |  | 5,298 |  |  |  | 37 |  |  |  | 5,561 |  |  |  | 13 |  |  |  | 5,806 |  |  |  | 22 |
Consumer |  |  | 406 |  |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 420 |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 377 |  |  |  | 2 |
Total nonperforming loans without a specific allowance |  |  | 37,213 |  |  |  | 402 |  |  |  | 38,413 |  |  |  | 214 |  |  |  | 38,854 |  |  |  | 260 |
With a specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Improved property |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,669 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,672 |  |  |  | — |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 38 |  |  |  | — |
Residential real estate |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 878 |  |  |  | — |
Home equity |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 141 |  |  |  | — |
Consumer |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 11 |  |  |  | — |
Total nonperforming loans with a specific allowance |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,669 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3,740 |  |  |  | — |
Total nonperforming loans |  | $ | 37,213 |  |  | $ | 402 |  |  | $ | 40,082 |  |  | $ | 214 |  |  | $ | 42,594 |  |  | $ | 260 |
The following tables present the recorded investment in non-accrual loans and TDRs:
|  | Non-accrual Loans (1) |
(in thousands) |  | December 31, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction |  | $ | 112 |  |  | $ | 73 |
Improved property |  |  | 16,254 |  |  |  | 7,715 |
Total commercial real estate |  |  | 16,366 |  |  |  | 7,788 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 2,946 |  |  |  | 5,064 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 13,695 |  |  |  | 17,190 |
Home equity |  |  | 5,044 |  |  |  | 5,163 |
Consumer |  |  | 134 |  |  |  | 537 |
Total |  | $ | 38,185 |  |  | $ | 35,742 |
(1) At December 31, 2022, there were three borrowers with loan balances greater than $1.0 million totaling $11.8 million, as compared to three borrowers with a loan balance greater than $1.0 million totaling $4.1 million at December 31, 2021. Total non-accrual loans include loans that are also TDRs. Such loans are also set forth in the following table as non-accrual TDRs.
|  | TDRs |
|  | December 31, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |
(in thousands) |  | Accruing |  |  | Non-Accrual |  |  | Total |  |  | Accruing |  |  | Non-Accrual |  |  | Total |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Improved property |  |  | 347 |  |  |  | 29 |  |  |  | 376 |  |  |  | 374 |  |  |  | 133 |  |  |  | 507 |
Total commercial real estate |  |  | 347 |  |  |  | 29 |  |  |  | 376 |  |  |  | 374 |  |  |  | 133 |  |  |  | 507 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 166 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 166 |  |  |  | 192 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 192 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 2,362 |  |  |  | 1,464 |  |  |  | 3,826 |  |  |  | 2,875 |  |  |  | 1,156 |  |  |  | 4,031 |
Home equity |  |  | 330 |  |  |  | 218 |  |  |  | 548 |  |  |  | 277 |  |  |  | 258 |  |  |  | 535 |
Consumer |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | 28 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 28 |
Total |  | $ | 3,230 |  |  | $ | 1,711 |  |  | $ | 4,941 |  |  | $ | 3,746 |  |  | $ | 1,547 |  |  | $ | 5,293 |
As of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there were no TDRs greater than $1.0 million. The concessions granted in the majority of loans reported as accruing and non-accrual TDRs are extensions of the maturity date or the amortization period, reductions in the interest rate below the prevailing market rate for loans with comparable characteristics, and/or permitting interest-only payments for longer than six months. Wesbanco had unfunded commitments to debtors whose loans were classified as nonperforming of $0.1 million as of both December 31, 2022 and 2021. The following table presents details related to loans identified as TDRs during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
|  | New TDRs (1) For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 |  |  | New TDRs (1) For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 |
(dollars in thousands) |  | Number of Modifications |  |  | Pre- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  |  | Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  |  | Number of Modifications |  |  | Pre- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  |  | Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction |  |  | 1 |  |  | $ | 84 |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Improved property |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 1,286 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total commercial real estate |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 1,370 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 178 |  |  |  | 172 |
Residential real estate |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 103 |  |  |  | 100 |
Home equity |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 57 |  |  |  | 54 |
Consumer |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  |  | 3 |  |  | $ | 1,370 |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  | 3 |  |  | $ | 338 |  |  | $ | 326 |
(1) Excludes loans that were either paid off or charged-off by period end. The pre-modification balance represents the balance outstanding at the beginning of the period. The post-modification balance represents the outstanding balance at period end. The following table summarizes TDRs which defaulted (defined as past due 90 days) during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 that were restructured within the last twelve months prior to December 31, 2022 and 2021:
|  | Defaulted TDRs (1) For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 |  |  | Defaulted TDRs (1) For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 |
(dollars in thousands) |  | Number of Defaults |  |  | Recorded Investment |  |  | Number of Defaults |  |  | Recorded Investment |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |
Improved property |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total commercial real estate |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Residential real estate |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 234 |
Home equity |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Consumer |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  | 1 |  |  | $ | 234 |
(1) Excludes loans that were either charged-off or cured by period end. The recorded investment is as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. TDRs that default are placed on non-accrual status unless they are both well-secured and in the process of collection. The loans in the table above were not accruing interest. Section 4013 of the CARES Act allows financial institutions the option to temporarily suspend certain requirements under GAAP related to TDRs for a limited period of time during the COVID-19 pandemic. These customers must meet certain criteria, such as they were in good standing and not more than 30 days past due either as of December 31, 2019, or as of the implementation of the modification program under the Interagency Statement, as well as other requirements noted in the regulatory agencies’ revised statement. Based on this guidance, Wesbanco does not classify the COVID-19 loan modifications as TDRs, nor are the customers considered past due with regard to their delayed payments. Upon exiting the loan modification deferral program, the measurement of loan delinquency will resume where it left off upon entry into the program. Under the CARES Act, Wesbanco has modified approximately 3,600 loans totaling $2.2 billion, of which $0.8 million remain in their deferral period as of December 31, 2022. Wesbanco originally offered three to six months of deferred payments to commercial and retail customers impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic depending on the type of loan and the industry for commercial loans. In the fourth quarter of 2020, Wesbanco offered up to an additional twelve months of deferred payments to certain commercial loan customers, predominantly in the hospitality industry, based on specific criteria related to the borrower, the underlying property and the potential for guarantors / co-borrowers. The following table summarizes the recognition of interest income on nonperforming loans:
|  | For the years ended December 31, |
(in thousands) |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Average nonperforming loans |  | $ | 37,213 |  |  | $ | 40,082 |  |  | $ | 42,594 |
Amount of contractual interest income on nonperforming loans |  |  | 2,722 |  |  |  | 1,213 |  |  |  | 2,827 |
Amount of interest income recognized on nonperforming loans |  |  | 402 |  |  |  | 214 |  |  |  | 260 |
The following table summarizes amortized cost basis loan balances by year of origination and credit quality indicator.
|  | Loans As of December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(in thousands) |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | Prior |  |  | Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Term |  |  | Total |
Commercial real estate: land and construction |  |  |  |
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 159,769 |  |  | $ | 136,131 |  |  | $ | 138,171 |  |  | $ | 155,141 |  |  | $ | 61,823 |  |  | $ | 51,381 |  |  | $ | 117,237 |  |  | $ | 92,151 |  |  | $ | 911,804 |
Criticized - compromised |  |  | 559 |  |  |  | 265 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 24 |  |  |  | 31 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 450 |  |  |  | 1,329 |
Classified - substandard |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6,001 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 124 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 24,629 |  |  |  | 30,754 |
Classified - doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 160,328 |  |  | $ | 136,396 |  |  | $ | 144,172 |  |  | $ | 155,141 |  |  | $ | 61,847 |  |  | $ | 51,536 |  |  | $ | 117,237 |  |  | $ | 117,230 |  |  | $ | 943,887 |
Commercial real estate: improved property |  |  |  |
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 1,082,984 |  |  | $ | 620,205 |  |  | $ | 613,663 |  |  | $ | 528,004 |  |  | $ | 371,880 |  |  | $ | 1,551,478 |  |  | $ | 72,327 |  |  | $ | 99,594 |  |  | $ | 4,940,135 |
Criticized - compromised |  |  | 10,554 |  |  |  | 354 |  |  |  | 2,877 |  |  |  | 7,659 |  |  |  | 13,551 |  |  |  | 85,332 |  |  |  | 1,066 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 121,393 |
Classified - substandard |  |  | — |  |  |  | 658 |  |  |  | 275 |  |  |  | 15,489 |  |  |  | 9,761 |  |  |  | 29,712 |  |  |  | 34 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 55,929 |
Classified - doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 1,093,538 |  |  | $ | 621,217 |  |  | $ | 616,815 |  |  | $ | 551,152 |  |  | $ | 395,192 |  |  | $ | 1,666,522 |  |  | $ | 73,427 |  |  | $ | 99,594 |  |  | $ | 5,117,457 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  |  |
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 280,510 |  |  | $ | 184,805 |  |  | $ | 116,890 |  |  | $ | 72,142 |  |  | $ | 103,660 |  |  | $ | 232,062 |  |  | $ | 526,025 |  |  | $ | 22,206 |  |  | $ | 1,538,300 |
Criticized - compromised |  |  | 917 |  |  |  | 1,192 |  |  |  | 270 |  |  |  | 8,278 |  |  |  | 264 |  |  |  | 2,524 |  |  |  | 7,654 |  |  |  | 4,124 |  |  |  | 25,223 |
Classified - substandard |  |  | 93 |  |  |  | 3,209 |  |  |  | 976 |  |  |  | 2,157 |  |  |  | 97 |  |  |  | 2,854 |  |  |  | 1,066 |  |  |  | 5,420 |  |  |  | 15,872 |
Classified - doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 281,520 |  |  | $ | 189,206 |  |  | $ | 118,136 |  |  | $ | 82,577 |  |  | $ | 104,021 |  |  | $ | 237,440 |  |  | $ | 534,745 |  |  | $ | 31,750 |  |  | $ | 1,579,395 |
Residential real estate |  |  |  |
Loan delinquency: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  | $ | 541,659 |  |  | $ | 556,928 |  |  | $ | 211,496 |  |  | $ | 97,160 |  |  | $ | 52,135 |  |  | $ | 478,977 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 190,740 |  |  | $ | 2,129,095 |
30-59 days past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 853 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 853 |
60-89 days past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | 442 |  |  |  | 349 |  |  |  | 65 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,680 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3,536 |
90 days or more past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 285 |  |  |  | 119 |  |  |  | 6,654 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 42 |  |  |  | 7,100 |
Total |  | $ | 541,659 |  |  | $ | 557,370 |  |  | $ | 211,845 |  |  | $ | 97,510 |  |  | $ | 52,254 |  |  | $ | 489,164 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 190,782 |  |  | $ | 2,140,584 |
Home equity |  |  |  |
Loan delinquency: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  | $ | 10,718 |  |  | $ | 1,459 |  |  | $ | 1,133 |  |  | $ | 1,774 |  |  | $ | 1,088 |  |  | $ | 25,203 |  |  | $ | 644,430 |  |  | $ | 957 |  |  | $ | 686,762 |
30-59 days past due |  |  | 80 |  |  |  | 61 |  |  |  | 180 |  |  |  | 67 |  |  |  | 34 |  |  |  | 1,165 |  |  |  | 2,260 |  |  |  | 38 |  |  |  | 3,885 |
60-89 days past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | 15 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 50 |  |  |  | 88 |  |  |  | 458 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 10 |  |  |  | 621 |
90 days or more past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 572 |  |  |  | 93 |  |  |  | 257 |  |  |  | 2,425 |  |  |  | 16 |  |  |  | 434 |  |  |  | 3,797 |
Total |  | $ | 10,798 |  |  | $ | 1,535 |  |  | $ | 1,885 |  |  | $ | 1,984 |  |  | $ | 1,467 |  |  | $ | 29,251 |  |  | $ | 646,706 |  |  | $ | 1,439 |  |  | $ | 695,065 |
Consumer |  |  |  |
Loan delinquency: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  | $ | 84,817 |  |  | $ | 36,123 |  |  | $ | 25,071 |  |  | $ | 25,535 |  |  | $ | 8,488 |  |  | $ | 16,337 |  |  | $ | 25,755 |  |  | $ | 27 |  |  | $ | 222,153 |
30-59 days past due |  |  | 980 |  |  |  | 937 |  |  |  | 488 |  |  |  | 159 |  |  |  | 98 |  |  |  | 217 |  |  |  | 31 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,910 |
60-89 days past due |  |  | 184 |  |  |  | 293 |  |  |  | 94 |  |  |  | 47 |  |  |  | 29 |  |  |  | 57 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 704 |
90 days or more past due |  |  | 183 |  |  |  | 208 |  |  |  | 69 |  |  |  | 32 |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 79 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 573 |
Total |  | $ | 86,164 |  |  | $ | 37,561 |  |  | $ | 25,722 |  |  | $ | 25,773 |  |  | $ | 8,617 |  |  | $ | 16,690 |  |  | $ | 25,786 |  |  | $ | 27 |  |  | $ | 226,340 |
|  | Loans As of December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(in thousands) |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | Prior |  |  | Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Term |  |  | Total |
Commercial real estate: land and construction |  |  |  |
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 135,179 |  |  | $ | 217,389 |  |  | $ | 198,974 |  |  | $ | 117,157 |  |  | $ | 27,186 |  |  | $ | 29,696 |  |  | $ | 35,059 |  |  | $ | 62,676 |  |  | $ | 823,316 |
Criticized - compromised |  |  | 85 |  |  |  | 6,236 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 33 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 219 |  |  |  | 856 |  |  |  | 526 |  |  |  | 7,955 |
Classified - substandard |  |  | — |  |  |  | 73 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,280 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,256 |  |  |  | 2,609 |
Classified - doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 135,264 |  |  | $ | 223,698 |  |  | $ | 198,974 |  |  | $ | 117,190 |  |  | $ | 27,186 |  |  | $ | 31,195 |  |  | $ | 35,915 |  |  | $ | 64,458 |  |  | $ | 833,880 |
Commercial real estate: improved property |  |  |  |
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 713,697 |  |  | $ | 660,856 |  |  | $ | 589,674 |  |  | $ | 405,689 |  |  | $ | 404,241 |  |  | $ | 1,539,275 |  |  | $ | 58,933 |  |  | $ | 28,507 |  |  | $ | 4,400,872 |
Criticized - compromised |  |  | 7,755 |  |  |  | 15,195 |  |  |  | 52,859 |  |  |  | 17,697 |  |  |  | 14,490 |  |  |  | 99,687 |  |  |  | 1,414 |  |  |  | 13,733 |  |  |  | 222,830 |
Classified - substandard |  |  | 9,355 |  |  |  | 2,686 |  |  |  | 4,855 |  |  |  | 3,730 |  |  |  | 11,010 |  |  |  | 49,667 |  |  |  | 34 |  |  |  | 49 |  |  |  | 81,386 |
Classified - doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 730,807 |  |  | $ | 678,737 |  |  | $ | 647,388 |  |  | $ | 427,116 |  |  | $ | 429,741 |  |  | $ | 1,688,629 |  |  | $ | 60,381 |  |  | $ | 42,289 |  |  | $ | 4,705,088 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  |  |
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 406,495 |  |  | $ | 159,878 |  |  | $ | 99,472 |  |  | $ | 136,146 |  |  | $ | 89,049 |  |  | $ | 223,514 |  |  | $ | 409,789 |  |  | $ | 16,226 |  |  | $ | 1,540,569 |
Criticized - compromised |  |  | 590 |  |  |  | 551 |  |  |  | 693 |  |  |  | 2,558 |  |  |  | 1,645 |  |  |  | 1,278 |  |  |  | 5,389 |  |  |  | 5,029 |  |  |  | 17,733 |
Classified - substandard |  |  | 134 |  |  |  | 236 |  |  |  | 18,465 |  |  |  | 766 |  |  |  | 2,139 |  |  |  | 1,419 |  |  |  | 3,723 |  |  |  | 5,136 |  |  |  | 32,018 |
Classified - doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 407,219 |  |  | $ | 160,665 |  |  | $ | 118,630 |  |  | $ | 139,470 |  |  | $ | 92,833 |  |  | $ | 226,211 |  |  | $ | 418,901 |  |  | $ | 26,391 |  |  | $ | 1,590,320 |
Residential real estate |  |  |  |
Loan delinquency: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  | $ | 599,244 |  |  | $ | 292,653 |  |  | $ | 116,147 |  |  | $ | 71,253 |  |  | $ | 56,917 |  |  | $ | 536,444 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 29,929 |  |  | $ | 1,702,587 |
30-59 days past due |  |  | 1,127 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 69 |  |  |  | 105 |  |  |  | 1,030 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,331 |
60-89 days past due |  |  | 563 |  |  |  | 91 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 271 |  |  |  | 43 |  |  |  | 2,286 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3,254 |
90 days or more past due |  |  | 1,933 |  |  |  | 673 |  |  |  | 895 |  |  |  | 88 |  |  |  | 762 |  |  |  | 8,802 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 53 |  |  |  | 13,206 |
Total |  | $ | 602,867 |  |  | $ | 293,417 |  |  | $ | 117,042 |  |  | $ | 71,681 |  |  | $ | 57,827 |  |  | $ | 548,562 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 29,982 |  |  | $ | 1,721,378 |
Home equity |  |  |  |
Loan delinquency: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  | $ | 10,076 |  |  | $ | 835 |  |  | $ | 649 |  |  | $ | 379 |  |  | $ | 566 |  |  | $ | 18,064 |  |  | $ | 567,478 |  |  | $ | 1,142 |  |  | $ | 599,189 |
30-59 days past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | 84 |  |  |  | 45 |  |  |  | 128 |  |  |  | 50 |  |  |  | 628 |  |  |  | 1,247 |  |  |  | 58 |  |  |  | 2,240 |
60-89 days past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 132 |  |  |  | 15 |  |  |  | 188 |  |  |  | 267 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 602 |
90 days or more past due |  |  | 187 |  |  |  | 88 |  |  |  | 119 |  |  |  | 112 |  |  |  | 234 |  |  |  | 2,550 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 361 |  |  |  | 3,651 |
Total |  | $ | 10,263 |  |  | $ | 1,007 |  |  | $ | 945 |  |  | $ | 634 |  |  | $ | 1,038 |  |  | $ | 21,509 |  |  | $ | 568,725 |  |  | $ | 1,561 |  |  | $ | 605,682 |
Consumer |  |  |  |
Loan delinquency: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  | $ | 60,907 |  |  | $ | 43,871 |  |  | $ | 50,317 |  |  | $ | 19,289 |  |  | $ | 11,084 |  |  | $ | 32,343 |  |  | $ | 55,739 |  |  | $ | 27 |  |  | $ | 273,577 |
30-59 days past due |  |  | 435 |  |  |  | 370 |  |  |  | 214 |  |  |  | 136 |  |  |  | 85 |  |  |  | 241 |  |  |  | 51 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,532 |
60-89 days past due |  |  | 413 |  |  |  | 375 |  |  |  | 82 |  |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | 33 |  |  |  | 286 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,208 |
90 days or more past due |  |  | 115 |  |  |  | 141 |  |  |  | 222 |  |  |  | 65 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 265 |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 813 |
Total |  | $ | 61,870 |  |  | $ | 44,757 |  |  | $ | 50,835 |  |  | $ | 19,509 |  |  | $ | 11,203 |  |  | $ | 33,135 |  |  | $ | 55,794 |  |  | $ | 27 |  |  | $ | 277,130 |
The following table summarizes other real estate owned and repossessed assets included in other assets:
|  | December 31, |
(in thousands) |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Other real estate owned |  | $ | 1,397 |  |  | $ | — |
Repossessed assets |  |  | 89 |  |  |  | — |
Total other real estate owned and repossessed assets |  | $ | 1,486 |  |  | $ | — |
Residential real estate included in other real estate owned was $0 at both December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, formal foreclosure proceedings were in process on residential real estate loans totaling $4.9 million and $4.0 million, respectively. Previously, as a result of provisions of the CARES Act, certain residential real estate loans were temporarily suspended from entering foreclosure proceedings, which included $0.8 million of loans as of December 31, 2021. Since this moratorium had substantially ended during the first quarter of 2022, there are currently no loans suspended from entering foreclosure proceedings.

X
- Definition The entire disclosure for claims held for amounts due a entity, excluding financing receivables. Examples include, but are not limited to, trade accounts receivables, notes receivables, loans receivables. Includes disclosure for allowance for credit losses. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 310 -SubTopic 10 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2196772 + Details
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X
- References No definition available. + Details
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Namespace Prefix: | us-gaap_
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