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Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2025
Receivables [Abstract] |
Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses | NOTE 5. LOANS AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES The recorded investment in loans is presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets net of deferred loan fees and costs, and discounts on purchased loans. Net deferred loan costs were $12.6 million and $11.9 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The unaccreted discount on purchased loans from acquisitions was $351.6 million at March 31, 2025 and $10.5 million at December 31, 2024.
|  | March 31, |  |  | December 31, |
(unaudited, in thousands) |  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction |  | $ | 1,779,108 |  |  | $ | 1,352,083 |
Improved property |  |  | 8,722,738 |  |  |  | 5,974,598 |
Total commercial real estate |  |  | 10,501,846 |  |  |  | 7,326,681 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 2,781,728 |  |  |  | 1,787,277 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 3,930,667 |  |  |  | 2,520,086 |
Home equity |  |  | 1,020,929 |  |  |  | 821,110 |
Consumer |  |  | 438,578 |  |  |  | 201,275 |
Total portfolio loans |  |  | 18,673,748 |  |  |  | 12,656,429 |
Loans held for sale |  |  | 243,281 |  |  |  | 18,695 |
Total loans |  | $ | 18,917,029 |  |  | $ | 12,675,124 |
Allowance for Credit Losses The allowance for credit losses under the current expected credit losses methodology ("CECL") is calculated on non-PCD loans utilizing the probability of default ("PD") divided by the loss given default ("LGD"), which is then discounted to net present value. PD is the probability the asset will default within a given time frame and LGD is the percentage of the asset not expected to be collected due to default. The primary macroeconomic drivers of the quantitative model include forecasts of national unemployment and interest rates, as well as modeling adjustments for changes in prepayment speeds, portfolio mix, concentrations and loan growth. At March 31, 2025, the primary driver of the change in the allowance model calculation from December 31, 2024 was the initial allowance on the loans acquired in the PFC transaction. At March 31, 2025, the total provision for credit losses on loans and loan commitments for non-PCD loans from the PFC acquisition was $59.4 million and is included in the following table. Also impacting the allowance were adjustments in regional macroeconomic factors and loan concentrations, increases to specific reserves on individually-evaluated loans and an increase in net charge-offs. The forecast was based upon a probability weighted approach which is designed to incorporate loss projections from a baseline, upside and downside economy. Due to the nonlinearity of credit losses to the economy, the asymmetry is best captured by evaluating multiple economic scenarios through a probability weighted approach. At quarter-end, national unemployment was projected to be 4.4%, and subsequently increase to an average of 5.0% over the remainder of the forecast period. In addition to the quantitative and qualitative changes noted above, the allowance is reflective of $2.8 million in net charge-offs recorded during the first three months of 2025. Accrued interest receivable for loans was $86.8 million and $62.2 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Wesbanco made an accounting policy election to exclude accrued interest from the measurement of the allowance for credit losses because the Company ha s a policy in place to reverse or write-off accrued interest when loans are placed on non-accrual. However, due to their unique nature, Wesbanco does have a $0.2 million reserve on the accrued interest related to individually-evaluated loans. In addition, Wesbanco also has a $0.1 million reserve on the accrued interest related to loan modifications allowed under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security ("CARES") Act due to the timing and nature of these modifications. Accrued interest related to COVID-19 loan modifications as permitted under the CARES Act was $14.1 millio n and $13.9 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The following tables summarize changes in the allowance for credit losses applicable to each category of the loan portfolio:
|  | Allowance for Credit Losses By Category |
|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 |
(unaudited, in thousands) |  | Commercial Real Estate - Land and Construction |  |  | Commercial Real Estate- Improved Property |  |  | Commercial & Industrial |  |  | Residential Real Estate |  |  | Home Equity |  |  | Consumer |  |  | Deposit Overdrafts (1) |  |  | Total |
Balance at December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses - loans |  | $ | 8,411 |  |  | $ | 59,828 |  |  | $ | 42,398 |  |  | $ | 21,790 |  |  | $ | 1,235 |  |  | $ | 3,391 |  |  | $ | 1,713 |  |  | $ | 138,766 |
Allowance for credit losses - loan commitments |  |  | 5,105 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,015 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6,120 |
Total beginning allowance for credit losses - loans and loan commitments |  |  | 13,516 |  |  |  | 59,828 |  |  |  | 42,398 |  |  |  | 22,805 |  |  |  | 1,235 |  |  |  | 3,391 |  |  |  | 1,713 |  |  |  | 144,886 |
Initial allowance for credit losses on acquired PCD loans |  |  | 177 |  |  |  | 5,369 |  |  |  | 16,632 |  |  |  | 3,192 |  |  |  | 604 |  |  |  | 3,095 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 29,069 |
Provision for credit losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Provision for loan losses |  |  | 2,747 |  |  |  | 29,364 |  |  |  | 20,316 |  |  |  | 7,739 |  |  |  | 663 |  |  |  | 7,386 |  |  |  | 338 |  |  |  | 68,553 |
Provision for loan commitments |  |  | 511 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (183 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 11 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 339 |
Total provision for credit losses - loans and loan commitments (2) |  |  | 3,258 |  |  |  | 29,364 |  |  |  | 20,316 |  |  |  | 7,556 |  |  |  | 663 |  |  |  | 7,397 |  |  |  | 338 |  |  |  | 68,892 |
Charge-offs |  |  | — |  |  |  | (33 | ) |  |  | (1,020 | ) |  |  | (221 | ) |  |  | (493 | ) |  |  | (1,822 | ) |  |  | (416 | ) |  |  | (4,005 | )
Recoveries |  |  | — |  |  |  | 15 |  |  |  | 437 |  |  |  | 125 |  |  |  | 156 |  |  |  | 386 |  |  |  | 115 |  |  |  | 1,234 |
Net (charge-offs) recoveries (3) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (18 | ) |  |  | (583 | ) |  |  | (96 | ) |  |  | (337 | ) |  |  | (1,436 | ) |  |  | (301 | ) |  |  | (2,771 | )
Balance at March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses - loans |  |  | 11,335 |  |  |  | 94,543 |  |  |  | 78,763 |  |  |  | 32,625 |  |  |  | 2,165 |  |  |  | 12,436 |  |  |  | 1,750 |  |  |  | 233,617 |
Allowance for credit losses - loan commitments |  |  | 5,616 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 832 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 11 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6,459 |
Total ending allowance for credit losses - loans and loan commitments |  | $ | 16,951 |  |  | $ | 94,543 |  |  | $ | 78,763 |  |  | $ | 33,457 |  |  | $ | 2,165 |  |  | $ | 12,447 |  |  | $ | 1,750 |  |  | $ | 240,076 |
Balance at December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses - loans |  | $ | 7,123 |  |  | $ | 59,351 |  |  | $ | 36,644 |  |  | $ | 21,218 |  |  | $ | 1,017 |  |  | $ | 3,956 |  |  | $ | 1,366 |  |  | $ | 130,675 |
Allowance for credit losses - loan commitments |  |  | 6,894 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 429 |  |  |  | 1,276 |  |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 8,604 |
Total beginning allowance for credit losses - loans and loan commitments |  |  | 14,017 |  |  |  | 59,351 |  |  |  | 37,073 |  |  |  | 22,494 |  |  |  | 1,022 |  |  |  | 3,956 |  |  |  | 1,366 |  |  |  | 139,279 |
Provision for credit losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Provision for loan losses |  |  | 858 |  |  |  | (3,621 | ) |  |  | 5,806 |  |  |  | 650 |  |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | 538 |  |  |  | 194 |  |  |  | 4,450 |
Provision for loan commitments |  |  | (568 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 124 |  |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (429 | )
Total provision for credit losses - loans and loan commitments (2) |  |  | 290 |  |  |  | (3,621 | ) |  |  | 5,930 |  |  |  | 659 |  |  |  | 31 |  |  |  | 538 |  |  |  | 194 |  |  |  | 4,021 |
Charge-offs |  |  | (813 | ) |  |  | (58 | ) |  |  | (4,810 | ) |  |  | (135 | ) |  |  | (216 | ) |  |  | (1,098 | ) |  |  | (453 | ) |  |  | (7,583 | )
Recoveries |  |  | — |  |  |  | 432 |  |  |  | 401 |  |  |  | 34 |  |  |  | 198 |  |  |  | 455 |  |  |  | 128 |  |  |  | 1,648 |
Net (charge-offs) recoveries |  |  | (813 | ) |  |  | 374 |  |  |  | (4,409 | ) |  |  | (101 | ) |  |  | (18 | ) |  |  | (643 | ) |  |  | (325 | ) |  |  | (5,935 | )
Balance at March 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses - loans |  |  | 7,168 |  |  |  | 56,104 |  |  |  | 38,041 |  |  |  | 21,767 |  |  |  | 1,024 |  |  |  | 3,851 |  |  |  | 1,235 |  |  |  | 129,190 |
Allowance for credit losses - loan commitments |  |  | 6,326 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 553 |  |  |  | 1,285 |  |  |  | 11 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 8,175 |
Total ending allowance for credit losses - loans and loan commitments |  | $ | 13,494 |  |  | $ | 56,104 |  |  | $ | 38,594 |  |  | $ | 23,052 |  |  | $ | 1,035 |  |  | $ | 3,851 |  |  | $ | 1,235 |  |  | $ | 137,365 |
(1) Deposit overdrafts of $3.9 million and $4.1 million are included in total portfolio loans for the periods ending March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively. (2) The total provision for credit losses - loans and loan commitments is reported in the consolidated statements of income in the provision for credit losses line item, which also includes the provision for credit losses on held-to-maturity securities. For more information on the provision relating to held-to-maturity securities, please see Note 4, "Securities." (3) The charge-offs on the acquired PFC loan portfolio prior to the acquisition were $21.8 million. The following tables present the allowance for credit losses and recorded investments in loans by category, as of each period-end:
|  | Allowance for Credit Losses and Recorded Investment in Loans |
(unaudited, in thousands) |  | Commercial Real Estate- Land and Construction |  |  | Commercial Real Estate- Improved Property |  |  | Commercial and Industrial |  |  | Residential Real Estate |  |  | Home Equity |  |  | Consumer |  |  | Deposit Overdrafts (1) |  |  | Total |
March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans individually-evaluated |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 18,095 |  |  | $ | 6,014 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 24,109 |
Loans collectively-evaluated |  |  | 11,335 |  |  |  | 76,448 |  |  |  | 72,749 |  |  |  | 32,625 |  |  |  | 2,165 |  |  |  | 12,436 |  |  |  | 1,750 |  |  |  | 209,508 |
Loan commitments (2) |  |  | 5,616 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 832 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 11 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6,459 |
Total allowance for credit losses - loans and commitments |  | $ | 16,951 |  |  | $ | 94,543 |  |  | $ | 78,763 |  |  | $ | 33,457 |  |  | $ | 2,165 |  |  | $ | 12,447 |  |  | $ | 1,750 |  |  | $ | 240,076 |
Portfolio loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually-evaluated for credit losses |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 41,090 |  |  | $ | 6,965 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 48,055 |
Collectively-evaluated for credit losses |  |  | 1,779,108 |  |  |  | 8,681,648 |  |  |  | 2,774,763 |  |  |  | 3,930,667 |  |  |  | 1,020,929 |  |  |  | 438,578 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 18,625,693 |
Total portfolio loans |  | $ | 1,779,108 |  |  | $ | 8,722,738 |  |  | $ | 2,781,728 |  |  | $ | 3,930,667 |  |  | $ | 1,020,929 |  |  | $ | 438,578 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 18,673,748 |
December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans individually-evaluated |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 12,461 |  |  | $ | 5,353 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 17,814 |
Loans collectively-evaluated |  |  | 8,411 |  |  |  | 47,367 |  |  |  | 37,045 |  |  |  | 21,790 |  |  |  | 1,235 |  |  |  | 3,391 |  |  |  | 1,713 |  |  |  | 120,952 |
Loan commitments (2) |  |  | 5,105 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,015 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6,120 |
Total allowance for credit losses - loans and commitments |  | $ | 13,516 |  |  | $ | 59,828 |  |  | $ | 42,398 |  |  | $ | 22,805 |  |  | $ | 1,235 |  |  | $ | 3,391 |  |  | $ | 1,713 |  |  | $ | 144,886 |
Portfolio loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually-evaluated for credit losses |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 45,224 |  |  | $ | 7,116 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 52,340 |
Collectively-evaluated for credit losses |  |  | 1,352,083 |  |  |  | 5,929,374 |  |  |  | 1,780,161 |  |  |  | 2,520,086 |  |  |  | 821,110 |  |  |  | 201,275 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 12,604,089 |
Total portfolio loans |  | $ | 1,352,083 |  |  | $ | 5,974,598 |  |  | $ | 1,787,277 |  |  | $ | 2,520,086 |  |  | $ | 821,110 |  |  | $ | 201,275 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 12,656,429 |
(1) Deposit overdrafts of $3.9 million and $13.8 million are included in total portfolio loans for the periods ending March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. (2) For additional detail relating to loan commitments, see Note 13, "Commitments and Contingent Liabilities." Commercial Loan Risk Grades Commercial loan risk grades are determined based on an evaluation of the relevant characteristics of each loan, assigned at inception and adjusted thereafter at any time to reflect changes in the risk profile throughout the life of each loan. The primary factors used to determine the risk grade are the sufficiency, reliability and sustainability of the primary source of repayment and overall financial strength of the borrower. The rating system more heavily weights the debt service coverage, leverage and loan to value factors to derive the risk grade. Other factors that are considered at a lesser weighting include management, industry or property type risks, payment history, collateral or guarantees. Commercial real estate – land and construction consists of loans to finance investments in vacant land, land development, construction of residential housing, and construction of commercial buildings. Commercial real estate – improved property consists of loans for the purchase or refinance of all types of improved owner-occupied and investment properties. Factors that are considered in assigning the risk grade vary depending on the type of property financed. The risk grade assigned to construction and development loans is based on the overall viability of the project, the experience and financial capacity of the developer or builder to successfully complete the project, project specific and market absorption rates and comparable property values, and the amount of pre-sales for residential housing construction or pre-leases for commercial investment property. The risk grade assigned to commercial investment property loans is based primarily on the adequacy of the net operating income generated by the property to service the debt (“debt service coverage”), the loan to appraised value, the type, quality, industry and mix of tenants, and the terms of leases. The risk grade assigned to owner-occupied commercial real estate is based primarily on global debt service coverage and the leverage of the business, but may also consider the industry in which the business operates, the business’ specific competitive advantages or disadvantages, collateral margins and the quality and experience of management. Commercial and industrial (“C&I”) loans consist of revolving lines of credit to finance accounts receivable, inventory and other general business purposes; term loans to finance fixed assets other than real estate, and letters of credit to support trade, insurance or governmental requirements for a variety of businesses. Most C&I borrowers are privately-held companies with annual sales up to $100 million. Primary factors that are considered in risk rating C&I loans include debt service coverage and leverage. Other factors including operating trends, collateral coverage along with management experience are also considered. Pass loans are those that exhibit a history of positive financial results that are at least comparable to the average for their industry or type of real estate. The primary source of repayment is acceptable and these loans are expected to perform satisfactorily during most economic cycles. Pass loans typically have no significant external factors that are expected to adversely affect these borrowers more than others in the same industry or property type. Any minor unfavorable characteristics of these loans are outweighed or mitigated by other positive factors including but not limited to adequate secondary or tertiary sources of repayment, including guarantees. Criticized loans, considered as compromised, have potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the bank's credit position at some future date. Criticized loans are not adversely classified by the banking regulators and do not expose the bank to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Classified loans, considered as substandard and doubtful, are equivalent to the classifications used by banking regulators. Substandard loans are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. These loans may or may not be reported as non-accrual. Doubtful loans have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently known facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. These loans are reported as non-accrual. The following tables summarize commercial loans by their assigned risk grade:
|  | Commercial Loans by Internally Assigned Risk Grade |
(unaudited, in thousands) |  | Commercial Real Estate- Land and Construction |  |  | Commercial Real Estate- Improved Property |  |  | Commercial & Industrial |  |  | Total Commercial Loans |
As of March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 1,732,773 |  |  | $ | 8,296,034 |  |  | $ | 2,634,696 |  |  | $ | 12,663,503 |
Criticized - compromised |  |  | 44,847 |  |  |  | 309,529 |  |  |  | 116,243 |  |  |  | 470,619 |
Classified - substandard |  |  | 1,488 |  |  |  | 117,175 |  |  |  | 30,789 |  |  |  | 149,452 |
Classified - doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 1,779,108 |  |  | $ | 8,722,738 |  |  | $ | 2,781,728 |  |  | $ | 13,283,574 |
As of December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 1,347,374 |  |  | $ | 5,690,606 |  |  | $ | 1,721,309 |  |  | $ | 8,759,289 |
Criticized - compromised |  |  | 3,873 |  |  |  | 189,322 |  |  |  | 48,805 |  |  |  | 242,000 |
Classified - substandard |  |  | 836 |  |  |  | 94,670 |  |  |  | 17,163 |  |  |  | 112,669 |
Classified - doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 1,352,083 |  |  | $ | 5,974,598 |  |  | $ | 1,787,277 |  |  | $ | 9,113,958 |
Residential real estate, home equity and consumer loans are not assigned internal risk grades other than as required by regulatory guidelines that are based primarily on the age of past due loans. Wesbanco primarily evaluates the credit quality of residential real estate, home equity and consumer loans based on repayment performance and historical loss rates. The aggregate amount of residential real estate, home equity and consumer loans classified as substandard in accordance with regulatory guidelines was $42.3 million at March 31, 2025 and $23.3 million at December 31, 2024, of which $5.2 million and $4.5 million were accruing, for each period, respectively. These loans are not included in the tables above. In addition, $39.1 million and $36.1 million of unfunded commercial loan commitments are also not included in the tables above at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Past Due and Nonperforming Loans The following tables summarize the age analysis of all categories of loans:
|  | Age Analysis of Loans |
(unaudited, in thousands) |  | Current |  |  | 30-59 Days Past Due |  |  | 60-89 Days Past Due |  |  | 90 Days or More Past Due |  |  | Total Past Due |  |  | Total Loans |  |  | 90 Days or More Past Due and Accruing (1) |
As of March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction |  | $ | 1,772,867 |  |  | $ | 4,832 |  |  | $ | 1,376 |  |  | $ | 33 |  |  | $ | 6,241 |  |  | $ | 1,779,108 |  |  | $ | 33 |
Improved property |  |  | 8,663,107 |  |  |  | 30,841 |  |  |  | 4,057 |  |  |  | 24,733 |  |  |  | 59,631 |  |  |  | 8,722,738 |  |  |  | 4,897 |
Total commercial real estate |  |  | 10,435,974 |  |  |  | 35,673 |  |  |  | 5,433 |  |  |  | 24,766 |  |  |  | 65,872 |  |  |  | 10,501,846 |  |  |  | 4,930 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 2,759,808 |  |  |  | 6,560 |  |  |  | 3,958 |  |  |  | 11,402 |  |  |  | 21,920 |  |  |  | 2,781,728 |  |  |  | 587 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 3,896,052 |  |  |  | 6,984 |  |  |  | 9,319 |  |  |  | 18,312 |  |  |  | 34,615 |  |  |  | 3,930,667 |  |  |  | 2,813 |
Home equity |  |  | 1,006,045 |  |  |  | 6,422 |  |  |  | 2,332 |  |  |  | 6,130 |  |  |  | 14,884 |  |  |  | 1,020,929 |  |  |  | 1,803 |
Consumer |  |  | 427,484 |  |  |  | 5,963 |  |  |  | 1,849 |  |  |  | 3,282 |  |  |  | 11,094 |  |  |  | 438,578 |  |  |  | 601 |
Total portfolio loans |  |  | 18,525,363 |  |  |  | 61,602 |  |  |  | 22,891 |  |  |  | 63,892 |  |  |  | 148,385 |  |  |  | 18,673,748 |  |  |  | 10,734 |
Loans held for sale |  |  | 243,281 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 243,281 |  |  |  | — |
Total loans |  | $ | 18,768,644 |  |  | $ | 61,602 |  |  | $ | 22,891 |  |  | $ | 63,892 |  |  | $ | 148,385 |  |  | $ | 18,917,029 |  |  | $ | 10,734 |
Nonperforming loans included above are as follows: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-accrual loans |  | $ | 13,593 |  |  | $ | 10,533 |  |  | $ | 4,205 |  |  | $ | 53,158 |  |  | $ | 67,896 |  |  | $ | 81,489 |  |  |  |
As of December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction |  | $ | 1,351,251 |  |  | $ | 832 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 832 |  |  | $ | 1,352,083 |  |  | $ | — |
Improved property |  |  | 5,935,163 |  |  |  | 7,646 |  |  |  | 8,148 |  |  |  | 23,641 |  |  |  | 39,435 |  |  |  | 5,974,598 |  |  |  | 5,561 |
Total commercial real estate |  |  | 7,286,414 |  |  |  | 8,478 |  |  |  | 8,148 |  |  |  | 23,641 |  |  |  | 40,267 |  |  |  | 7,326,681 |  |  |  | 5,561 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 1,772,832 |  |  |  | 957 |  |  |  | 8,872 |  |  |  | 4,616 |  |  |  | 14,445 |  |  |  | 1,787,277 |  |  |  | 3,498 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 2,506,959 |  |  |  | 1,483 |  |  |  | 3,523 |  |  |  | 8,121 |  |  |  | 13,127 |  |  |  | 2,520,086 |  |  |  | 2,489 |
Home equity |  |  | 806,025 |  |  |  | 7,420 |  |  |  | 3,043 |  |  |  | 4,622 |  |  |  | 15,085 |  |  |  | 821,110 |  |  |  | 1,150 |
Consumer |  |  | 195,082 |  |  |  | 3,916 |  |  |  | 1,384 |  |  |  | 893 |  |  |  | 6,193 |  |  |  | 201,275 |  |  |  | 857 |
Total portfolio loans |  |  | 12,567,312 |  |  |  | 22,254 |  |  |  | 24,970 |  |  |  | 41,893 |  |  |  | 89,117 |  |  |  | 12,656,429 |  |  |  | 13,555 |
Loans held for sale |  |  | 18,695 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 18,695 |  |  |  | — |
Total loans |  | $ | 12,586,007 |  |  | $ | 22,254 |  |  | $ | 24,970 |  |  | $ | 41,893 |  |  | $ | 89,117 |  |  | $ | 12,675,124 |  |  | $ | 13,555 |
Nonperforming loans included above are as follows: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-accrual loans |  | $ | 10,117 |  |  | $ | 684 |  |  | $ | 613 |  |  | $ | 28,338 |  |  | $ | 29,635 |  |  | $ | 39,752 |  |  |  |
The following tables summarize nonperforming loans:
|  | Nonperforming Loans |
|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Unpaid |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Unpaid |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Principal |  |  | Recorded |  |  | Related |  |  | Principal |  |  | Recorded |  |  | Related |
(unaudited, in thousands) |  | Balance (1) |  |  | Investment |  |  | Allowance |  |  | Balance (1) |  |  | Investment |  |  | Allowance |
With no related specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Improved property |  |  | 27,029 |  |  |  | 24,065 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 17,489 |  |  |  | 15,918 |  |  |  | — |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 11,318 |  |  |  | 10,244 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,896 |  |  |  | 1,897 |  |  |  | — |
Residential real estate |  |  | 32,857 |  |  |  | 26,002 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 17,200 |  |  |  | 12,524 |  |  |  | — |
Home equity |  |  | 10,408 |  |  |  | 7,756 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 8,284 |  |  |  | 6,208 |  |  |  | — |
Consumer |  |  | 3,935 |  |  |  | 3,345 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 140 |  |  |  | 87 |  |  |  | — |
Total nonperforming loans without a specific allowance |  |  | 85,547 |  |  |  | 71,412 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 46,009 |  |  |  | 36,634 |  |  |  | — |
With a specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Improved property |  |  | 3,118 |  |  |  | 3,118 |  |  |  | 2,107 |  |  |  | 3,118 |  |  |  | 3,118 |  |  |  | 516 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 6,959 |  |  |  | 6,959 |  |  |  | 6,014 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Residential real estate |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Home equity |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Consumer |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total nonperforming loans with a specific allowance |  |  | 10,077 |  |  |  | 10,077 |  |  |  | 8,121 |  |  |  | 3,118 |  |  |  | 3,118 |  |  |  | 516 |
Total nonperforming loans |  | $ | 95,624 |  |  | $ | 81,489 |  |  | $ | 8,121 |  |  | $ | 49,127 |  |  | $ | 39,752 |  |  | $ | 516 |
(1) The difference between the unpaid principal balance and the recorded investment generally reflects amounts that have been previously charged-off and fair market value adjustments on acquired nonperforming loans.
| Nonperforming Loans |
| For the Three Months Ended |
| March 31, 2025 |  |  | March 31, 2024 |
| Average |  |  | Interest |  |  | Average |  |  | Interest |
| Recorded |  |  | Income |  |  | Recorded |  |  | Income |
(unaudited, in thousands) | Investment |  |  | Recognized |  |  | Investment |  |  | Recognized |
With no related specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 105 |  |  | $ | — |
Improved property |  | 19,992 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 11,540 |  |  |  | — |
Commercial and industrial |  | 6,071 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,303 |  |  |  | — |
Residential real estate |  | 19,263 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 11,131 |  |  |  | — |
Home equity |  | 6,982 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4,723 |  |  |  | — |
Consumer |  | 1,716 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 62 |  |  |  | — |
Total nonperforming loans without a specific allowance |  | 54,024 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 29,864 |  |  |  | — |
With a specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Improved property |  | 3,118 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Commercial and industrial |  | 3,480 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total nonperforming loans with a specific allowance |  | 6,598 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total nonperforming loans | $ | 60,622 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 29,864 |  |  | $ | — |
The following table presents the recorded investment in non-accrual loans:
|  | Non-accrual Loans (1) |
|  | March 31, |  |  | December 31, |
(unaudited, in thousands) |  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
Commercial real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and construction |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Improved property |  |  | 27,183 |  |  |  | 19,036 |
Total commercial real estate |  |  | 27,183 |  |  |  | 19,036 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 17,203 |  |  |  | 1,897 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 26,002 |  |  |  | 12,524 |
Home equity |  |  | 7,756 |  |  |  | 6,208 |
Consumer |  |  | 3,345 |  |  |  | 87 |
Total |  | $ | 81,489 |  |  | $ | 39,752 |
(1) At March 31, 2025, there were twelve borrowers with a loan balance greater than $1.0 million, which totaled $34.7 million, as compared to six borrowers with a loan balance greater than $1.0 million totaling $13.1 million at December 31, 2024. At March 31, 2025, total non-accrual loans included approximately $26.9 million from the PFC acquisition. Total non-accrual loans may include loans that are also restructured for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. Such loans are also set forth in the following tables. Modifications for Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty Tables in the following section exclude the financial effects of modifications for loans that were paid off or are otherwise no longer in the loan portfolio as of period end. The following table displays the details of portfolio loans that were modified during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 presented by loan category:
|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 |
(unaudited, in thousands) |  | Term Extension |  |  | Payment Delay |  |  | Term Extension and Rate Reduction |  |  | Total |  |  | % of Total by Loan Category |
Commercial real estate - land and construction |  | $ | 24,217 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 24,217 |  |  |  | 1.4 |
Commercial real estate - improved property |  |  | 16,887 |  |  |  | 1,507 |  |  |  | 250 |  |  |  | 18,644 |  |  |  | 0.2 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 5,258 |  |  |  | 106 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,364 |  |  |  | 0.2 |
Residential real estate |  |  | — |  |  |  | 496 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 496 |  |  |  | — |
Home equity |  |  | — |  |  |  | 435 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 435 |  |  |  | — |
Consumer |  |  | — |  |  |  | 144 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 144 |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 46,362 |  |  | $ | 2,688 |  |  | $ | 250 |  |  | $ | 49,300 |  |  |  | 0.3 |
|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 |
(unaudited, in thousands) |  | Term Extension |  |  | Payment Delay |  |  | Term Extension and Rate Reduction |  |  | Total |  |  | Percent of Total by Loan Category |
Commercial real estate - land and construction |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate - improved property |  |  | 24,989 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 24,989 |  |  |  | 0.4 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | — |  |  |  | 41 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 41 |  |  |  | — |
Residential real estate |  |  | — |  |  |  | 579 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 579 |  |  |  | — |
Home equity |  |  | — |  |  |  | 350 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 350 |  |  |  | — |
Consumer |  |  | — |  |  |  | 124 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 124 |  |  |  | 0.1 |
Total |  | $ | 24,989 |  |  | $ | 1,094 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 26,083 |  |  |  | 0.2 |
Unfunded loan commitments on modifications for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty ("MBEFDs") totaled $1.0 million for loans modified during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and $0.5 million for loans modified during the twelve months ended December 31, 2024. These commitments are not included in the tables above. The following table summarizes the financial impacts of loan modifications and payment deferrals made to portfolio loans during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, presented by loan category:
|  | For the Three Months Ended |  |  | For the Three Months Ended |
|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | March 31, 2024 |
(unaudited, in thousands) |  | Weighted-Average Term Extension (in months) |  |  | Weighted-Average Term Extension (in months) |
Commercial real estate - land and construction |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate - improved property |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | 9 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | — |
Residential real estate |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Home equity |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Consumer |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
The following table summarizes loans with MBEFDs which defaulted (defined as 90 days past due) within 12 months of the loan being modified during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. Modified loans, including those that have defaulted, are already included in the allowance for credit losses through the various methodologies used to estimate the allowance. As such, no modification to the allowance is recorded specifically due to a modified loan subsequently defaulting.
|  | For the Three Months Ended |  |  | For the Three Months Ended |
|  | March 31, 2025 |  |  | March 31, 2024 |
(unaudited, in thousands) |  | Term Extension |  |  | Payment Delay |  |  | Total |  |  | Term Extension |  |  | Payment Delay |  |  | Total |
Commercial real estate - land and construction |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Commercial real estate - improved property |  |  | 3,469 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3,469 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Residential real estate |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Home equity |  |  | — |  |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Consumer |  |  | — |  |  |  | 38 |  |  |  | 38 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total loans that subsequently defaulted (1) |  | $ | 3,469 |  |  | $ | 47 |  |  | $ | 3,516 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
The following table presents an aging analysis of portfolio loans by loan category that were modified during the twelve months prior to March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024.
|  | March 31, 2025 |
(unaudited, in thousands) |  | 30-59 Days Past Due |  |  | 60-89 Days Past Due |  |  | 90 Days or More Past Due |  |  | Total Past Due |  |  | Current |  |  | Total |
Commercial real estate - land and construction |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 832 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 832 |  |  | $ | 24,218 |  |  | $ | 25,050 |
Commercial real estate - improved property |  |  | 4,436 |  |  |  | 3,468 |  |  |  | 7,997 |  |  |  | 15,901 |  |  |  | 77,101 |  |  |  | 93,002 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | 31 |  |  |  | 6,995 |  |  |  | 7,033 |  |  |  | 5,749 |  |  |  | 12,782 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 834 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 520 |  |  |  | 1,354 |  |  |  | 2,015 |  |  |  | 3,369 |
Home equity |  |  | 248 |  |  |  | 131 |  |  |  | 242 |  |  |  | 621 |  |  |  | 862 |  |  |  | 1,483 |
Consumer |  |  | — |  |  |  | 16 |  |  |  | 80 |  |  |  | 96 |  |  |  | 216 |  |  |  | 312 |
Total modified loans (1) |  | $ | 5,525 |  |  | $ | 4,478 |  |  | $ | 15,834 |  |  | $ | 25,837 |  |  | $ | 110,161 |  |  | $ | 135,998 |
|  | March 31, 2024 |
(unaudited, in thousands) |  | 30-59 Days Past Due |  |  | 60-89 Days Past Due |  |  | 90 Days or More Past Due |  |  | Total Past Due |  |  | Current |  |  | Total |
Commercial real estate - land and construction |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Commercial real estate - improved property |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 29,041 |  |  |  | 29,041 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 41 |  |  |  | 41 |  |  |  | 8,531 |  |  |  | 8,572 |
Residential real estate |  |  | 37 |  |  |  | 68 |  |  |  | 170 |  |  |  | 275 |  |  |  | 1,200 |  |  |  | 1,475 |
Home equity |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 233 |  |  |  | 247 |  |  |  | 1,016 |  |  |  | 1,263 |
Consumer |  |  | 39 |  |  |  | 33 |  |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | 81 |  |  |  | 380 |  |  |  | 461 |
Total modified loans (1) |  | $ | 90 |  |  | $ | 101 |  |  | $ | 453 |  |  | $ | 644 |  |  | $ | 40,168 |  |  | $ | 40,812 |
(1) Represents balance at period end. The following tables summarize amortized cost basis loan balances by year of origination and credit quality indicator:
|  | Loans As of March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(unaudited, in thousands) |  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Prior |  |  | Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Term |  |  | Total |
Commercial real estate: land and construction |  |  |  |
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 24,892 |  |  | $ | 373,474 |  |  | $ | 493,485 |  |  | $ | 410,229 |  |  | $ | 81,416 |  |  | $ | 118,871 |  |  | $ | 125,322 |  |  | $ | 105,084 |  |  | $ | 1,732,773 |
Criticized - compromised |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,771 |  |  |  | 2,434 |  |  |  | 25,287 |  |  |  | 12,625 |  |  |  | 1,039 |  |  |  | 157 |  |  |  | 1,534 |  |  |  | 44,847 |
Classified - substandard |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 656 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 832 |  |  |  | 1,488 |
Classified - doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 24,892 |  |  | $ | 375,245 |  |  | $ | 495,919 |  |  | $ | 435,516 |  |  | $ | 94,041 |  |  | $ | 120,566 |  |  | $ | 125,479 |  |  | $ | 107,450 |  |  | $ | 1,779,108 |
Current-period gross charge-offs |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Commercial real estate: improved property |  |  |  |
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 170,601 |  |  | $ | 653,220 |  |  | $ | 587,412 |  |  | $ | 1,633,209 |  |  | $ | 977,864 |  |  | $ | 3,342,086 |  |  | $ | 275,900 |  |  | $ | 655,742 |  |  | $ | 8,296,034 |
Criticized - compromised |  |  | — |  |  |  | 8,059 |  |  |  | 21,021 |  |  |  | 38,561 |  |  |  | 29,305 |  |  |  | 135,051 |  |  |  | 482 |  |  |  | 77,050 |  |  |  | 309,529 |
Classified - substandard |  |  | 250 |  |  |  | 19,673 |  |  |  | 6,409 |  |  |  | 30,279 |  |  |  | 4,465 |  |  |  | 48,900 |  |  |  | 1,576 |  |  |  | 5,623 |  |  |  | 117,175 |
Classified - doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 170,851 |  |  | $ | 680,952 |  |  | $ | 614,842 |  |  | $ | 1,702,049 |  |  | $ | 1,011,634 |  |  | $ | 3,526,037 |  |  | $ | 277,958 |  |  | $ | 738,415 |  |  | $ | 8,722,738 |
Current-period gross charge-offs |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 18 |  |  | $ | 33 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  |  |
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 70,478 |  |  | $ | 306,508 |  |  | $ | 216,220 |  |  | $ | 394,267 |  |  | $ | 223,356 |  |  | $ | 378,733 |  |  | $ | 918,531 |  |  | $ | 126,603 |  |  | $ | 2,634,696 |
Criticized - compromised |  |  | 249 |  |  |  | 9,598 |  |  |  | 9,593 |  |  |  | 9,406 |  |  |  | 8,920 |  |  |  | 13,879 |  |  |  | 57,597 |  |  |  | 7,001 |  |  |  | 116,243 |
Classified - substandard |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,819 |  |  |  | 254 |  |  |  | 4,530 |  |  |  | 2,908 |  |  |  | 4,123 |  |  |  | 9,300 |  |  |  | 7,855 |  |  |  | 30,789 |
Classified - doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 70,727 |  |  | $ | 317,925 |  |  | $ | 226,067 |  |  | $ | 408,203 |  |  | $ | 235,184 |  |  | $ | 396,735 |  |  | $ | 985,428 |  |  | $ | 141,459 |  |  | $ | 2,781,728 |
Current-period gross charge-offs |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 461 |  |  | $ | 84 |  |  | $ | 314 |  |  | $ | 54 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 107 |  |  | $ | 1,020 |
Residential real estate |  |  |  |
Loan delinquency: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  | $ | 36,970 |  |  | $ | 245,025 |  |  | $ | 289,426 |  |  | $ | 772,299 |  |  | $ | 665,505 |  |  | $ | 1,107,935 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 778,892 |  |  | $ | 3,896,052 |
30-59 days past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | 67 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,391 |  |  |  | 4,796 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 730 |  |  |  | 6,984 |
60-89 days past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | 579 |  |  |  | 430 |  |  |  | 1,675 |  |  |  | 1,198 |  |  |  | 5,437 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 9,319 |
90 days or more past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | 586 |  |  |  | 1,849 |  |  |  | 3,057 |  |  |  | 1,976 |  |  |  | 9,042 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,802 |  |  |  | 18,312 |
Total |  | $ | 36,970 |  |  | $ | 246,257 |  |  | $ | 291,705 |  |  | $ | 777,031 |  |  | $ | 670,070 |  |  | $ | 1,127,210 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 781,424 |  |  | $ | 3,930,667 |
Current-period gross charge-offs |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11 |  |  | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 70 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 71 |  |  | $ | 221 |
Home equity |  |  |  |
Loan delinquency: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  | $ | 11,847 |  |  | $ | 1,524 |  |  | $ | 1,985 |  |  | $ | 2,827 |  |  | $ | 1,472 |  |  | $ | 39,175 |  |  | $ | 945,852 |  |  | $ | 1,363 |  |  | $ | 1,006,045 |
30-59 days past due |  |  | 154 |  |  |  | 289 |  |  |  | 256 |  |  |  | 628 |  |  |  | 287 |  |  |  | 1,627 |  |  |  | 3,166 |  |  |  | 15 |  |  |  | 6,422 |
60-89 days past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | 264 |  |  |  | 240 |  |  |  | 723 |  |  |  | 185 |  |  |  | 790 |  |  |  | 101 |  |  |  | 29 |  |  |  | 2,332 |
90 days or more past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | 402 |  |  |  | 894 |  |  |  | 919 |  |  |  | 388 |  |  |  | 2,993 |  |  |  | 340 |  |  |  | 194 |  |  |  | 6,130 |
Total |  | $ | 12,001 |  |  | $ | 2,479 |  |  | $ | 3,375 |  |  | $ | 5,097 |  |  | $ | 2,332 |  |  | $ | 44,585 |  |  | $ | 949,459 |  |  | $ | 1,601 |  |  | $ | 1,020,929 |
Current-period gross charge-offs |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 221 |  |  | $ | 89 |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 172 |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 493 |
Consumer |  |  |  |
Loan delinquency: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  | $ | 26,981 |  |  | $ | 101,819 |  |  | $ | 91,213 |  |  | $ | 107,448 |  |  | $ | 34,857 |  |  | $ | 37,006 |  |  | $ | 28,160 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 427,484 |
30-59 days past due |  |  | 47 |  |  |  | 846 |  |  |  | 1,290 |  |  |  | 1,978 |  |  |  | 685 |  |  |  | 1,110 |  |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,963 |
60-89 days past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | 439 |  |  |  | 432 |  |  |  | 601 |  |  |  | 268 |  |  |  | 109 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,849 |
90 days or more past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | 512 |  |  |  | 753 |  |  |  | 1,201 |  |  |  | 457 |  |  |  | 359 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3,282 |
Total |  | $ | 27,028 |  |  | $ | 103,616 |  |  | $ | 93,688 |  |  | $ | 111,228 |  |  | $ | 36,267 |  |  | $ | 38,584 |  |  | $ | 28,167 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 438,578 |
Current-period gross charge-offs |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 532 |  |  | $ | 341 |  |  | $ | 540 |  |  | $ | 283 |  |  | $ | 126 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,822 |
|  | Loans As of December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(in thousands) |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | Prior |  |  | Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Term |  |  | Total |
Commercial real estate: land and construction |  |  |  |
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 245,699 |  |  | $ | 403,923 |  |  | $ | 249,690 |  |  | $ | 84,527 |  |  | $ | 21,316 |  |  | $ | 52,485 |  |  | $ | 145,032 |  |  | $ | 144,702 |  |  | $ | 1,347,374 |
Criticized - compromised |  |  | 1,746 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,096 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 10 |  |  |  | 376 |  |  |  | 645 |  |  |  | 3,873 |
Classified - substandard |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 832 |  |  |  | 836 |
Classified - doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 247,445 |  |  | $ | 403,923 |  |  | $ | 250,786 |  |  | $ | 84,527 |  |  | $ | 21,316 |  |  | $ | 52,499 |  |  | $ | 145,408 |  |  | $ | 146,179 |  |  | $ | 1,352,083 |
Current-period gross charge-offs |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 813 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 813 |
Commercial real estate: improved property |  |  |  |
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 542,333 |  |  | $ | 472,746 |  |  | $ | 1,038,745 |  |  | $ | 543,212 |  |  | $ | 512,916 |  |  | $ | 1,897,950 |  |  | $ | 200,572 |  |  | $ | 482,132 |  |  | $ | 5,690,606 |
Criticized - compromised |  |  | 365 |  |  |  | 28,204 |  |  |  | 5,188 |  |  |  | 13,590 |  |  |  | 6,733 |  |  |  | 39,845 |  |  |  | 825 |  |  |  | 94,572 |  |  |  | 189,322 |
Classified - substandard |  |  | 19,746 |  |  |  | 1,836 |  |  |  | 23,393 |  |  |  | 1,186 |  |  |  | 9,952 |  |  |  | 36,142 |  |  |  | 623 |  |  |  | 1,792 |  |  |  | 94,670 |
Classified - doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 562,444 |  |  | $ | 502,786 |  |  | $ | 1,067,326 |  |  | $ | 557,988 |  |  | $ | 529,601 |  |  | $ | 1,973,937 |  |  | $ | 202,020 |  |  | $ | 578,496 |  |  | $ | 5,974,598 |
Current-period gross charge-offs |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 75 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 855 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 937 |
Commercial and industrial |  |  |  |
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 225,344 |  |  | $ | 139,460 |  |  | $ | 206,252 |  |  | $ | 106,446 |  |  | $ | 48,285 |  |  | $ | 250,438 |  |  | $ | 616,831 |  |  | $ | 128,253 |  |  | $ | 1,721,309 |
Criticized - compromised |  |  | 217 |  |  |  | 7,335 |  |  |  | 3,337 |  |  |  | 921 |  |  |  | 1,597 |  |  |  | 7,660 |  |  |  | 20,464 |  |  |  | 7,274 |  |  |  | 48,805 |
Classified - substandard |  |  | 1,494 |  |  |  | 382 |  |  |  | 1,158 |  |  |  | 1,225 |  |  |  | 65 |  |  |  | 2,639 |  |  |  | 2,460 |  |  |  | 7,740 |  |  |  | 17,163 |
Classified - doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 227,055 |  |  | $ | 147,177 |  |  | $ | 210,747 |  |  | $ | 108,592 |  |  | $ | 49,947 |  |  | $ | 260,737 |  |  | $ | 639,755 |  |  | $ | 143,267 |  |  | $ | 1,787,277 |
Current-period gross charge-offs |  | $ | 48 |  |  | $ | 648 |  |  | $ | 1,048 |  |  | $ | 228 |  |  | $ | 162 |  |  | $ | 1,029 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 7,369 |  |  | $ | 10,533 |
Residential real estate |  |  |  |
Loan delinquency: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  | $ | 201,454 |  |  | $ | 195,121 |  |  | $ | 323,588 |  |  | $ | 397,596 |  |  | $ | 168,526 |  |  | $ | 471,081 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 749,593 |  |  | $ | 2,506,959 |
30-59 days past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,483 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,483 |
60-89 days past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 319 |  |  |  | 37 |  |  |  | 2,763 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 404 |  |  |  | 3,523 |
90 days or more past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | 219 |  |  |  | 838 |  |  |  | 128 |  |  |  | 204 |  |  |  | 5,237 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,495 |  |  |  | 8,121 |
Total |  | $ | 201,454 |  |  | $ | 195,340 |  |  | $ | 324,426 |  |  | $ | 398,043 |  |  | $ | 168,767 |  |  | $ | 480,564 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 751,492 |  |  | $ | 2,520,086 |
Current-period gross charge-offs |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 250 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 58 |  |  | $ | 308 |
Home equity |  |  |  |
Loan delinquency: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  | $ | 11,504 |  |  | $ | 1,857 |  |  | $ | 2,220 |  |  | $ | 969 |  |  | $ | 2,623 |  |  | $ | 22,444 |  |  | $ | 763,157 |  |  | $ | 1,251 |  |  | $ | 806,025 |
30-59 days past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | 167 |  |  |  | 530 |  |  |  | 65 |  |  |  | 88 |  |  |  | 1,226 |  |  |  | 5,166 |  |  |  | 178 |  |  |  | 7,420 |
60-89 days past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | 656 |  |  |  | 1,170 |  |  |  | 346 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 636 |  |  |  | 91 |  |  |  | 144 |  |  |  | 3,043 |
90 days or more past due |  |  | — |  |  |  | 927 |  |  |  | 795 |  |  |  | 235 |  |  |  | 363 |  |  |  | 2,045 |  |  |  | 112 |  |  |  | 145 |  |  |  | 4,622 |
Total |  | $ | 11,504 |  |  | $ | 3,607 |  |  | $ | 4,715 |  |  | $ | 1,615 |  |  | $ | 3,074 |  |  | $ | 26,351 |  |  | $ | 768,526 |  |  | $ | 1,718 |  |  | $ | 821,110 |
Current-period gross charge-offs |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 355 |  |  | $ | 132 |  |  | $ | 65 |  |  | $ | 35 |  |  | $ | 260 |  |  | $ | 28 |  |  | $ | 119 |  |  | $ | 994 |
Consumer |  |  |  |
Loan delinquency: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  | $ | 51,073 |  |  | $ | 55,821 |  |  | $ | 36,994 |  |  | $ | 11,744 |  |  | $ | 5,640 |  |  | $ | 9,270 |  |  | $ | 24,540 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 195,082 |
30-59 days past due |  |  | 774 |  |  |  | 1,225 |  |  |  | 765 |  |  |  | 602 |  |  |  | 205 |  |  |  | 197 |  |  |  | 148 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3,916 |
60-89 days past due |  |  | 271 |  |  |  | 327 |  |  |  | 517 |  |  |  | 161 |  |  |  | 51 |  |  |  | 57 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,384 |
90 days or more past due |  |  | 320 |  |  |  | 235 |  |  |  | 123 |  |  |  | 116 |  |  |  | 34 |  |  |  | 65 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 893 |
Total |  | $ | 52,438 |  |  | $ | 57,608 |  |  | $ | 38,399 |  |  | $ | 12,623 |  |  | $ | 5,930 |  |  | $ | 9,589 |  |  | $ | 24,688 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 201,275 |
Current-period gross charge-offs |  | $ | 382 |  |  | $ | 1,578 |  |  | $ | 1,466 |  |  | $ | 497 |  |  | $ | 166 |  |  | $ | 313 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,402 |
The following table summarizes other real estate owned and repossessed assets included in other assets:
|  | March 31, |  |  | December 31, |
(unaudited, in thousands) |  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
Other real estate owned |  | $ | 1,310 |  |  | $ | 649 |
Repossessed assets |  |  | 544 |  |  |  | 203 |
Total other real estate owned and repossessed assets |  | $ | 1,854 |  |  | $ | 852 |
Residential real estate loans included in other real estate totaled $0.7 million and $0 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, formal foreclosure proceedings were in process on residential real estate loans totaling $16.8 million and $4.0 million, respectively.

X
- Definition The entire disclosure for claims held for amounts due to entity, excluding financing receivables. Examples include, but are not limited to, trade accounts receivables, notes receivables, loans receivables. Includes disclosure for allowance for credit losses. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef -Topic 310 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/310-10/tableOfContent Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 835 -SubTopic 30 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 45 -Paragraph 2 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482925/835-30-45-2 + Details
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X
- References No definition available. + Details
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Namespace Prefix: | us-gaap_
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Balance Type: | na
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