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Benefit Plans
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Benefit Plans  
Benefit Plans

14. Benefit Plans

​

Qualified Pension Plan

​

The Company’s employees participate in the Employees’ Retirement Plan of First Hawaiian, Inc. (the “FHI ERP”). The FHI ERP is a frozen plan whereby there are no further benefit accruals for the Company’s employees. However, employees retain rights to participant benefits accrued as of the date of the plan freeze.

​

No contributions to the pension trust are expected to be made during 2025 for the Company’s participants in the FHI ERP. However, should contributions be required in accordance with the funding rules under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”), including the impact of the Pension Protection Act of 2006, the Company would make those required contributions.

​

Nonqualified Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans

​

The Company also sponsors an unfunded supplemental executive retirement plan for certain key executives (“SERP”). In addition, the Company sponsors a directors’ retirement plan (“Directors’ Plan”), a non-qualified pension plan for eligible FHI and FHB directors that qualify for retirement benefits based on their years of service as a director. Both the SERP and the Directors’ Plan were frozen as of January 1, 2005 to new participants. In March 2019, the Company’s board of directors approved an amendment to the SERP to freeze the SERP, which became effective on July 1, 2019. As a result of the amendment, since the effective date, there have not been any, and there will be no, new accruals of benefits, including service accruals. Existing benefits under the SERP, as of the effective date of the amendment described above, will otherwise continue in accordance with the terms of the SERP.  

​

A postretirement benefit plan is also offered to eligible employees that provides healthcare benefits upon retirement. The Company provides access to medical coverage for eligible retirees under age 65 at active employee premium rates and a monthly stipend to both retiree and retiree’s spouse after age 62.

​

The Company expects to contribute $0.2 million to its Directors’ Plan and $1.3 million to its postretirement medical and life insurance plans in 2025. These contributions reflect the estimated benefit payments for the unfunded plans and may vary depending on retirements during 2025.

​

Defined Contribution Plans

​

401(k) Savings Plan and Money Purchase Pension Plan

​

The Company matched employee contributions to the First Hawaiian, Inc. 401(k) Savings Plan, a qualified defined contribution plan, up to 5% of the employee’s pay in 2024, 2023 and 2022. The Company also contributed 2.5% of employee pay to the First Hawaiian, Inc. Future Plan, a money purchase pension plan. The plans cover all employees who satisfy eligibility requirements. A select group of key executives who participate in an unqualified grandfathered supplemental executive retirement plan may participate in the 401(k) plan but are not eligible to receive the matching contribution.

​

The employer contributions to the above-mentioned plans for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were $10.1 million, $9.3 million and $9.2 million, respectively, and are included in salaries and employee benefits within the consolidated statements of income.

​

Annual Incentive Awards for Key Executives

​

The Company makes cash-based annual incentive awards under the First Hawaiian, Inc. Bonus Plan (the “Bonus Plan”). The Bonus Plan limits the aggregate and individual value of the awards that could be issued in any one fiscal year. The Bonus Plan expenses totaled $21.7 million, $15.3 million and $15.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and are included in salaries and employee benefits within the consolidated statements of income.

​

The following table details the amounts recognized in other comprehensive (loss) income during the years presented. Pension benefits include benefits from the qualified and non-qualified plans. Other benefits include life insurance and healthcare benefits from the postretirement benefit plan.

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Pension Benefits

​

Other Benefits

​

(dollars in thousands)

  

2024

  

2023

  

2022

  

2024

  

2023

  

2022

 

Amounts arising during the year:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Net loss (gain) on pension assets

​

$

1,190

​

$

(3,246)

​

$

24,047

​

$

—

​

$

—

​

$

—

​

Net (gain) loss on pension obligations

​

​

(4,166)

​

​

4,851

​

​

(38,949)

​

​

(963)

​

​

(542)

​

​

(5,808)

​

Reclassification adjustments recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost during the year:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Net (gain) loss

​

​

(2,209)

​

​

(2,818)

​

​

(5,643)

​

​

1,383

​

​

1,676

​

​

497

​

Amount recognized in other comprehensive (loss) income

​

$

(5,185)

​

$

(1,213)

​

$

(20,545)

​

$

420

​

$

1,134

​

$

(5,311)

​

​

The following table shows the amounts within accumulated other comprehensive loss that had not yet been recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Pension Benefits

​

Other Benefits

(dollars in thousands)

  

2024

  

2023

  

2024

  

2023

Net actuarial loss (gain)

​

$

9,414

​

$

14,599

​

$

(6,851)

​

$

(7,271)

Tax impact

​

​

(2,511)

​

​

(3,894)

​

​

1,827

​

​

1,939

Ending balance in accumulated other comprehensive loss

​

$

6,903

​

$

10,705

​

$

(5,024)

​

$

(5,332)

​

The following tables summarize the changes to the projected benefit obligation (“PBO”) and fair value of plan assets for pension benefits and the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation (“APBO”) and fair value of plan assets for other benefits:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Pension Benefits

​

Other Benefits

(dollars in thousands)

  

2024

  

2023

  

2024

  

2023

Benefit obligation at beginning of year

​

$

153,571

​

$

155,588

​

$

16,784

​

$

16,425

Service cost

​

​

—

​

​

—

​

​

618

​

​

545

Interest cost

​

​

7,603

​

​

8,275

​

​

824

​

​

844

Actuarial (gain) loss

​

​

(4,166)

​

​

4,851

​

​

(963)

​

​

(542)

Benefit payments

​

​

(14,851)

​

​

(15,143)

​

​

(502)

​

​

(488)

Benefit obligation at end of year

​

$

142,157

​

$

153,571

​

$

16,761

​

$

16,784

​

The actuarial gains related to changes in the Company’s PBO for pension benefits and APBO for other benefits are primarily due to changes in discount rates for both years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Pension Benefits

​

Other Benefits

(dollars in thousands)

  

2024

  

2023

  

2024

  

2023

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year

​

$

77,603

​

$

78,149

​

$

—

​

$

—

Actual return on plan assets

​

​

2,322

​

​

6,780

​

​

—

​

​

—

Benefit payments from trust

​

​

(7,013)

​

​

(7,326)

​

​

—

​

​

—

Fair value of plan assets at end of year

​

$

72,912

​

$

77,603

​

$

—

​

$

—

​

The following table summarizes the funded status of the Company’s plans and amounts recognized in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Pension Benefits

​

Other Benefits

(dollars in thousands)

  

2024

  

2023

  

2024

  

2023

Pension assets for overfunded plans

​

$

11,129

​

$

10,533

​

$

—

​

$

—

Pension liabilities for underfunded plans

​

​

(80,374)

​

​

(86,501)

​

​

(16,761)

​

​

(16,784)

Funded status

​

$

(69,245)

​

$

(75,968)

​

$

(16,761)

​

$

(16,784)

​

The following table provides information regarding the PBO, accumulated benefit obligation (“ABO”), and fair value of plan assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Funded Pension Plan

​

Unfunded Pension Plans

​

Total Pension Plans

(dollars in thousands)

  

2024

  

2023

  

2024

  

2023

  

2024

  

2023

Projected benefit obligation

​

$

61,783

​

$

67,070

​

$

80,374

​

$

86,501

​

$

142,157

​

$

153,571

Accumulated benefit obligation

​

​

61,783

​

​

67,070

​

​

80,374

​

​

86,501

​

​

142,157

​

​

153,571

Fair value of plan assets

​

​

72,912

​

​

77,603

​

​

—

​

​

—

​

​

72,912

​

​

77,603

Overfunded (underfunded) portion of PBO/ABO

​

​

11,129

​

​

10,533

​

​

(80,374)

​

​

(86,501)

​

​

(69,245)

​

​

(75,968)

​

The Company recognizes the overfunded and underfunded status of its pension plans as an asset and liability in the consolidated balance sheets.

​

Unrecognized net gains or losses that exceed 5% of the greater of the PBO or the fair value of plan assets as of the beginning of the year are amortized on a straight-line basis over five years in accordance with ASC 715. Amortization of the unrecognized net gain or loss is included as a component of net periodic pension cost. If amortization results in an amount less than the minimum amortization required under GAAP, the minimum required amount is recorded.

​

The following table summarizes the change in net actuarial loss (gain) and amortization for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Pension Benefits

​

Other Benefits

(dollars in thousands)

  

2024

  

2023

  

2024

  

2023

Net actuarial loss (gain) at beginning of year

​

$

14,599

​

$

15,812

​

$

(7,271)

​

$

(8,405)

Amortization cost

​

​

(2,209)

​

​

(2,818)

​

​

1,383

​

​

1,676

Liability (gain) loss

​

​

(4,166)

​

​

4,851

​

​

(963)

​

​

(542)

Asset loss (gain)

​

​

1,190

​

​

(3,246)

​

​

—

​

​

—

Net actuarial loss (gain) at end of year

​

$

9,414

​

$

14,599

​

$

(6,851)

​

$

(7,271)

​

The following table sets forth the components of net periodic benefit cost for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Income line item where recognized in

​

Pension Benefits

​

Other Benefits

​

(dollars in thousands)

​

the consolidated statements of income

  

2024

  

2023

    

2022

  

2024

  

2023

    

2022

 

Service cost

​

Salaries and employee benefits

​

$

—

​

$

—

​

$

—

​

$

618

​

$

545

​

$

789

​

Interest cost

​

Other noninterest expense

​

​

7,603

​

​

8,275

​

​

5,518

​

​

824

​

​

844

​

​

565

​

Expected return on plan assets

​

Other noninterest expense

​

​

(3,513)

​

​

(3,534)

​

​

(3,124)

​

​

—

​

​

—

​

​

—

​

Recognized net actuarial loss (gain)

​

Other noninterest expense

​

​

2,209

​

​

2,818

​

​

5,643

​

​

(1,383)

​

​

(1,676)

​

​

(497)

​

Total net periodic benefit cost

​

​

​

$

6,299

​

$

7,559

​

$

8,037

​

$

59

​

$

(287)

​

$

857

​

​

The funded pension benefit amounts included in pension benefits for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Funded Pension Benefits

(dollars in thousands)

  

2024

  

2023

  

2022

Interest cost

​

$

3,309

​

$

3,643

​

$

2,466

Expected return on plan assets

​

​

(3,513)

​

​

(3,534)

​

​

(3,124)

Recognized net actuarial loss

​

​

1,924

​

​

2,818

​

​

1,906

Total net periodic benefit cost

​

$

1,720

​

$

2,927

​

$

1,248

​

Assumptions

​

The following weighted-average assumptions were used to determine benefit obligations at December 31, 2024 and 2023:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

FHI ERP Pension Benefits

​

SERP Pension Benefits

​

Other Benefits

​

​

  

2024

​

2023

​

2024

​

2023

​

2024

​

2023

​

Discount rate

​

5.59

%

5.22

%

5.59

%

5.22

%

5.59

%

5.22

%

Rate of compensation increase

​

NA

​

NA

​

NA

​

NA

​

NA

​

NA

​

​

Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

FHI ERP Pension Benefits

​

SERP Pension Benefits

​

Other Benefits

​

​

  

2024

​

2023

​

2022

​

2024

​

2023

​

2022

​

2024

​

2023

​

2022

​

Discount rate

​

5.22

% 

5.57

% 

2.77

%  

5.22

% 

5.57

% 

2.77

%  

5.22

% 

5.57

% 

2.77

%

Expected long-term return on plan assets

​

4.75

% 

4.75

% 

3.05

%  

NA

​

NA

​

NA

​

NA

​

NA

​

NA

​

Rate of compensation increase

​

NA

​

NA

​

NA

​

NA

​

NA

​

NA

​

NA

​

NA

​

NA

​

​

To select the discount rate, the Company reviews the yield on high quality corporate bonds. This rate is adjusted to convert the yield to an annual discount rate basis and may be adjusted for the population of plan participants to reflect the expected duration of the benefit payments of the plan.

​

Assumed healthcare cost trend rates were as follows at December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

  

2024

​

2023

​

2022

​

Healthcare cost trend rate assumed for next year

​

7.00

%  

6.00

%  

6.00

%

Rate to which the cost trend is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)

​

5.00

%  

5.00

%  

5.00

%

Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate

​

2032

​

2028

​

2028

​

​

Plan Assets

​

The Company’s pension plan assets were allocated as follows as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Asset Allocation

​

​

    

2024

    

2023

​

Equity securities

​

11

%  

11

%

Debt securities

​

85

%  

86

%

Other securities

​

4

%  

3

%

Total

​

100

%  

100

%

​

There were no holdings of FHI or BNPP stock included in equity securities at December 31, 2024 and 2023.

​

The assets within the pension plan are managed in accordance with ERISA. The objective of the plan is to achieve, over full market cycles, a compounded annual rate of return equal to or greater than the pension plan’s expected long-term rate of return. The pension plan’s participants recognize that capital markets can be unpredictable and that any investment could result in periods where the market value of the pension plan’s assets will decline in value. Asset allocation is likely to be the primary determinant of the pension plan’s return and the associated volatility of returns for the pension plan. The Company estimated the long-term rate of return for the 2024 net periodic pension cost to be 4.75%. The return was selected based on a model of U.S. capital market assumptions with expected returns reflecting the anticipated asset allocation of the pension plan.

​

The target asset allocation for the pension plan at December 31, 2024, was as follows:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Target

​

  

Allocation

Equity securities

​

10

%

Debt securities

​

88

%

Other securities

​

2

%

​

Estimated Future Benefit Payments

​

The following table presents benefit payments that are expected to be paid over the next ten years, giving consideration to expected future service as appropriate:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Pension

​

Other

(dollars in thousands)

    

Benefits

    

Benefits

2025

​

$

15,303

​

$

1,270

2026

​

​

15,533

​

​

1,398

2027

​

​

14,584

​

​

1,513

2028

​

​

14,042

​

​

1,578

2029

​

​

13,528

​

​

1,605

2030 to 2034

​

​

58,693

​

​

8,217

​

Fair Value Measurement of Plan Assets

​

The Company’s overall investment strategy includes a wide diversification of asset types, fund strategies and fund managers. Investments in exchange-traded funds consist primarily of investments in large-cap companies located in the United States. Fixed income securities include U.S. government agencies and corporate bonds of companies from diversified industries.

​

The fair values of the Company’s pension plan assets at December 31, 2024 and 2023, by asset class, were as follows:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

December 31, 2024

​

​

Quoted Prices

​

Significant

​

​

​

​

​

​

In Active

​

Other

​

Significant

​

​

​

​

Markets for

​

Observable

​

Unobservable

​

​

​

​

Identical Assets

​

Inputs

​

Inputs

​

​

(dollars in thousands)

  

(Level 1)

  

(Level 2)

  

(Level 3)

  

Total

Asset classes:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Cash and cash equivalents

​

$

3,112

​

$

—

​

$

—

​

$

3,112

Fixed income - U.S. Treasury securities

​

​

—

​

​

10,398

​

​

—

​

​

10,398

Fixed income - U.S. government agency securities

​

​

—

​

​

5,089

​

​

—

​

​

5,089

Fixed income - U.S. corporate securities

​

​

—

​

​

44,184

​

​

—

​

​

44,184

Fixed income - municipal securities

​

​

—

​

​

345

​

​

—

​

​

345

Fixed income - international securities

​

​

1,830

​

​

—

​

​

—

​

​

1,830

Equity - large-cap exchange-traded funds

​

​

4,799

​

​

—

​

​

—

​

​

4,799

Equity - large- and mid-cap exchange-traded funds

​

​

839

​

​

—

​

​

—

​

​

839

Equity - mid- and small-cap exchange-traded funds

​

​

901

​

​

—

​

​

—

​

​

901

Equity - international funds

​

​

1,415

​

​

—

​

​

—

​

​

1,415

Total

​

$

12,896

​

$

60,016

​

$

—

​

$

72,912

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

December 31, 2023

​

​

Quoted Prices

​

Significant

​

​

​

​

​

​

In Active

​

Other

​

Significant

​

​

​

​

Markets for

​

Observable

​

Unobservable

​

​

​

​

Identical Assets

​

Inputs

​

Inputs

​

​

(dollars in thousands)

  

(Level 1)

  

(Level 2)

  

(Level 3)

  

Total

Asset classes:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Cash and cash equivalents

​

$

2,353

​

$

—

​

$

—

​

$

2,353

Fixed income - U.S. Treasury securities

​

​

—

​

​

11,354

​

​

—

​

​

11,354

Fixed income - U.S. government agency securities

​

​

—

​

​

5,899

​

​

—

​

​

5,899

Fixed income - U.S. corporate securities

​

​

—

​

​

47,546

​

​

—

​

​

47,546

Fixed income - municipal securities

​

​

—

​

​

379

​

​

—

​

​

379

Fixed income - international securities

​

​

1,901

​

​

—

​

​

—

​

​

1,901

Equity - large-cap exchange-traded funds

​

​

5,311

​

​

—

​

​

—

​

​

5,311

Equity - mid-cap exchange-traded funds

​

​

844

​

​

—

​

​

—

​

​

844

Equity - small-cap exchange-traded funds

​

​

394

​

​

—

​

​

—

​

​

394

Equity - international funds

​

​

1,622

​

​

—

​

​

—

​

​

1,622

Total

​

$

12,425

​

$

65,178

​

$

—

​

$

77,603

​

No fair value measurements used Level 3 inputs as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

​

The plan’s investments in fixed income securities represent approximately 84.8% and 86.4% of total plan assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which is the most significant concentration of risk in the plan.

​

Valuation Methodologies

​

Cash and cash equivalents — includes institutional money market funds, whose carrying value represents fair value because of their short-term maturities of the instruments held by these funds.

​

U.S. Treasury securities — includes securities issued by the U.S. government valued at fair value based on observable market prices for similar securities or other market observable inputs.

​

U.S. government agency securities — includes investment-grade debt securities issued by U.S. government agencies. These securities are valued at fair value based upon the quoted market values of the underlying net assets.

​

U.S. corporate securities — includes investment-grade debt securities issued by U.S. corporations. These securities are valued at fair value based on observable market prices for similar securities or other market observable inputs.

​

Municipal securities — includes bonds issued by a city or other local government, or their agencies. Potential issuers of municipal bonds include cities, counties, redevelopment agencies, special-purpose districts, school districts, public utility districts, publicly owned airports and seaports, and any other governmental entity (or group of governments) below the state level. Municipal bonds may be general obligations of the issuer or secured by specified revenues. These securities are valued at fair value based on observable market prices for similar securities or other market observable inputs.

​

International securities — includes investment-grade debt securities issued by international corporations. The fair value is based upon the quoted market values of the underlying net assets.

​

Large-cap exchange-traded fund — includes an exchange-traded fund which invests mainly in U.S. large-cap stocks such as those in the S&P 500 Index. The fair value is based upon the quoted market values of the underlying net assets.

​

Large- and Mid-cap exchange-traded funds — includes broadly-diversified exchange-traded funds which invest in U.S. large- and mid-cap stocks such as those in the MSCI USA Index. The fair value is based upon the quoted market values of the underlying net assets.

​

Mid- and Small-cap exchange-traded funds — includes broadly-diversified exchange-traded funds which invest in U.S. mid- and small-cap stocks such as those in the S&P Completion Index. The fair value is based upon the quoted market values of the underlying net assets.

International funds — includes well-diversified exchange-traded funds tracking broad-based international equity indexes. The fair value is based upon the quoted market values of the underlying net assets.