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Income Taxes
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
9. Income Taxes
Our income tax benefit and effective income tax rates, including the effects of period-specific events, were:
  
Three months ended
March 31,
(dollars in thousands)
2023
2022
Income tax benefit$(3,901)$(2,050)
Effective income tax rate21.0 %16.5 %
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, we utilized the discrete effective tax rate method, as allowed by ASC 740-270-30-18, Income Taxes—Interim Reporting, to calculate our interim income tax provision. The discrete method is applied when the application of the estimated annual effective tax rate is impractical because it is not possible to reliably estimate the annual effective tax rate. The discrete method treats the year-to-date period as if it was the annual period and determines the income tax expense or benefit on that basis. We believe that, at this time, the use of this discrete method is no longer more appropriate than the annual effective tax rate method.
The increase in our effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023 when compared to the same period in 2022 was primarily attributable to unfavorable impact of non-deductible Security Incident accruals, lower foreign-derived intangible income deduction and an increase to the UK corporate tax rate offset against benefit attributable to valuation allowance reduction.