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Financial Instruments
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Financial Instruments [Abstract]  
Financial Instruments Financial Instruments
Our derivative activities are initiated within the guidelines of documented corporate risk management policies. We do not enter into any derivative transactions for speculative or trading purposes.
Interest Rate Risk Management
We are exposed to interest rate risk on our variable rate borrowings. Accordingly, interest rate fluctuations affect the amount of interest expense we are obligated to pay. We have used interest rate derivatives with the objective of managing exposure to interest rate movements, thereby reducing the effect of interest rate changes and the effect they could have on future cash flows. Most recently, interest rate swap agreements have been used to accomplish this objective, and we have used interest rate cap agreements to accomplish this objective in prior years.
In January 2020, we entered into three pay-fixed interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $500 million to swap variable rate interest payments under our term loan for fixed interest payments bearing a weighted average interest rate of 1.44%, for a total interest rate of 3.69%. The interest rate swaps had a term of five years.
We originally designated the interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges. The changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps that were included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness were recorded as a component of "Accumulated other comprehensive income." For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded an unrealized gain on the interest rate swaps of $13.8 million, net of tax of $4.6 million in "Accumulated other comprehensive income." The earnings impact of the interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges was recorded upon the recognition of the interest related to the hedged debt. In February 2022, we discontinued hedge accounting as we concluded that the forecasted interest rate payments were no longer probable of occurring in consideration of the Transaction and expected repayment of Term Loan B-6. As a result, the increase in the fair value of the swaps from the time of hedge accounting discontinuance to March 31, 2022 was recognized as an $8.7 million unrealized gain in "Interest expense" in the consolidated statement of income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2022. In connection with the repayment of Term Loan B-6 in May 2022, we entered into swap termination agreements. We received $16.7 million to settle and terminate the swaps, which was recognized as a realized gain in "Interest expense" in the consolidated statement of income (loss) for the three months ended June 30, 2022. For the year ended December 31, 2022, we reclassified $5.7 million of unrealized loss, net of tax of $1.8 million, from "Accumulated other comprehensive income." The amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income in 2022 related to the repayment of Term Loan B-6 in full.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to credit risk consist principally of interest-bearing investments, finance receivables, trade receivables and interest rate derivatives. We maintain cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and certain other financial instruments with various major financial institutions. We perform periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these financial institutions and companies and limit the amount of credit exposure with any one institution. Cash and cash equivalents include interest-bearing investments with maturities of three months or less. Due to the nature of our business, substantially all trade and finance receivables are due from vehicle dealers and commercial sellers. We have possession of vehicles or vehicle titles collateralizing a significant portion of the trade and finance receivables. The risk associated with this concentration is limited due to the large number of accounts and their geographic dispersion. We monitor the creditworthiness of customers to which we grant credit terms in the normal course of business. In the event of non-performance by counterparties to financial instruments we are exposed to credit-related losses, but management believes this credit risk is limited by periodically reviewing the creditworthiness of the counterparties to the transactions.
Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts of trade receivables, finance receivables, other current assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses and borrowings under our short-term revolving line of credit facilities approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of those instruments.
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the estimated fair value of our long-term debt amounted to $360.4 million and $490.9 million, respectively. The estimates of fair value were based on broker-dealer quotes (Level 2 inputs) for our debt as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. The estimates presented on long-term financial instruments are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that would be realized in a current market exchange.