Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

The Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets reflect certain financial instruments at carrying value. The following table presents the carrying values of those instruments and the corresponding estimated fair values (in thousands):


	Estimated Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2023
	Carrying Value as of December 31, 2023		Total Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	93,971	$	93,971	$	93,971	$	—	$	—
Restricted cash and investments		65,896		65,896		65,896		—		—
Liabilities:
Borrowings under exchange credit facility	$	906,712	$	926,445	$	—	$	926,445	$	—
10.500% Public Second Lien Notes due 2028		286,521		293,049		—		293,049		—
9.500% Private Second Lien Notes due 2028		239,142		231,692		—		231,692		—
5.875% Senior Notes due 2024		23,253		22,946		—		22,946		—
6.00% Senior Notes due 2026		110,858		106,541		—		106,541		—
6.50% Exchangeable Senior Notes due 2026		230,000		319,920		—		319,920		—


	Estimated Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2022
	Carrying Value as of December 31, 2022		Total Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	95,073	$	95,073	$	95,073	$	—	$	—
Restricted cash and investments		48,770		48,770		48,770		—		—
Liabilities:
Borrowings under exchange credit facility	$	1,113,239	$	1,112,183	$	—	$	1,112,183	$	—
10.500% Public Second Lien Notes due 2028		286,521		291,610		—		291,610		—
9.500% Private Second Lien Notes due 2028		239,142		232,627		—		232,627		—
5.875% Senior Notes due 2024		23,253		22,997		—		22,997		—
6.00% Senior Notes due 2026		110,858		99,132		—		99,132		—
6.50% Exchangeable Senior Notes due 2026		230,000		327,872		—		327,872

The fair values of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash and investments approximates the carrying values of these assets at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Restricted cash consists of money market funds, bank deposits, commercial paper and time deposits used for asset replacement funds and other funds contractually required to be maintained at the Company's Australian subsidiary. The fair value of the money market funds and bank deposits is based on quoted market prices (Level 1).

As further discussed in Note 11 - Debt, on August 19, 2022, the Company completed an exchange offer to exchange certain of its outstanding 5.125% Senior Notes due 2023, 5.875% Senior Notes due 2024, 6.000% Senior Notes due 2026 and certain revolving credit loans and term loans under its senior secured credit facility into newly issued Senior Second Lien Secured Notes and a new credit facility. The Company utilized a third-party valuation firm to assist with the estimation of the fair values on the date of issuance for the new debt instruments. The fair value of each new debt instrument issued in 2022 on the date of issuance was estimated using a Black-Derman-Toy ("BDT") lattice model. The BDT model is a single factor, stochastic, no arbitrage model that incorporates the issuer's option to prepay a debt instrument if optimal, which occurs when interest rates decline such that the holding value of the instrument exceeds the prepayment price. The significant assumptions used in the BDT model for the new debt instruments were the Secured Overnight Financing Rate Data ("SOFR") forward rates (ranging from 2.30% to 3.61%), the risk-free rate curve based on U.S. Treasury rates (ranging from 2.23% to 3.44%), the yield volatility (ranging from 20% to 27%) and the credit spreads of the new debt instruments (ranging from 4.78% to 8.49%). On August 19, 2022, the date of the closing of the exchange offer, the new debt instruments were valued using Level 3 instruments as they were based on unobservable inputs. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the new debt instruments were valued based on observable inputs through corroboration with observable market data and are therefore classified as Level 2. Refer to Note 11 - Debt for the estimated fair values of the new debt instruments at time of issuance and related premiums/discounts.

As of December 31, 2023, the recurring fair values of the Company's 10.500% Public Second Lien Notes due 2028 and the 9.500% Private Second Lien Notes due 2028 are based on level 2 inputs using quotations by major market news services, such as Bloomberg. The fair value of the Company's exchange credit facility was also based on quotations by major market new services and also estimates of trading value considering the Company's borrowing rate, the undrawn spread and similar instruments.

As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the fair values of the Company's "5.875% Senior Notes due 2024", 6.00% Senior Notes, the 5.125% Senior Notes and the 6.50% Exchangeable Notes due 2026 are based on level 2 inputs by major market news services. The 5.125% Senior Notes were paid off in full prior to September 30, 2022. The fair values of the Company's non-recourse debt related to the Company’s Australian subsidiaries was estimated based on market prices of similar instruments. The fair value of borrowings under the exchange credit facility is based on an estimate of trading value considering the Company’s borrowing rate, the undrawn spread and similar instruments.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References + Details