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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income $ 784,288 $ 1,248,080 $ 178,921
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization 1,171,192 816,446 226,931
Abandonment and impairment of unproved properties 0 17,975 57,260
Stock-based compensation 34,931 31,367 15,558
Derivative (gain) loss, net (9,307) 335,160 60,510
Derivative cash settlement loss (68,246) (576,802) (275,914)
Amortization of deferred financing costs 9,293 4,464 1,890
(Gain) loss on property transactions, net 254 (15,880) (1,932)
Deferred income tax expense 245,163 337,502 72,858
Other, net (740) 2,588 90
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net      
Accounts receivable, net (39,869) (941) (100,881)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 19,987 (34,025) (3,338)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 126,215 335,563 47,510
Settlement of asset retirement obligations (34,401) (24,456) (4,864)
Net cash provided by operating activities 2,238,760 2,477,041 274,599
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired (3,655,612) (236,160) 222,442
Acquisitions of crude oil and natural gas properties (154,855) (97,453) 0
Deposits for acquisitions (161,250) 0 0
Proceeds from sale of crude oil and natural gas properties 90,456 2,355 0
Exploration and development of crude oil and natural gas properties (1,352,388) (967,096) (151,500)
Proceeds from (additions to) other property and equipment (1,892) (579)  
Proceeds from (additions to) other property and equipment     2,393
Purchases of carbon credits and renewable energy credits (6,151) (7,298) 0
Other, net (1,463) 136 212
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (5,243,155) (1,306,095) 73,547
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Proceeds from credit facility 2,120,000 100,000 155,000
Payments to credit facility (1,370,000) (100,000) (589,000)
Proceeds from issuance of senior notes 3,653,750 0 400,000
Payment of deferred financing costs (45,788) (1,174) (19,292)
Redemption of senior notes 0 (100,000) 0
Dividends paid (660,320) (536,922) (60,780)
Common stock repurchased and retired (320,398) 0 0
Proceeds from exercise of stock options 459 308 1,585
Payment of employee tax withholdings in exchange for the return of common stock (13,416) (19,580) (5,927)
Principal payments on finance lease obligations (1,211) 0 (21)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 3,363,076 (657,368) (118,435)
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash 358,681 513,578 229,711
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash:      
Beginning of period [1] 768,134 254,556 24,845
End of period [1] $ 1,126,815 $ 768,134 $ 254,556
[1]
(1) Includes $2.0 million of restricted cash and consists of $1.9 million of interest earned on cash held in escrow that is presented in deposits for acquisitions within the accompanying balance sheets for the period ended December 31, 2023 and $0.1 million of funds for road maintenance and repairs that is presented in other noncurrent assets within the accompanying balance sheets for all periods presented.