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LONG-TERM DEBT
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
LONG-TERM DEBT DEBT
Debt, net of unamortized discounts and deferred financing costs, consists of the following (in thousands):
As of December 31,
20242023
Outstanding principal balances on Senior Notes:
2026 Senior Notes (5.000%)
$400,000 $400,000 
2028 Senior Notes (8.375%)
1,350,000 1,350,000 
2030 Senior Notes (8.625%)
1,000,000 1,000,000 
2031 Senior Notes (8.750%)
1,350,000 1,350,000 
Outstanding principal balances on Senior Notes, gross
4,100,000 4,100,000 
Less: unamortized discount and deferred financing costs(56,469)(64,268)
Outstanding principal balances on Senior Notes, net
4,043,531 4,035,732 
Outstanding balance on Credit Facility
450,000 750,000 
Long-term debt4,493,5314,785,732
Deferred acquisition consideration478,749 — 
Total debt
$4,972,280 $4,785,732 
Senior Notes
The table below summarizes the face values, interest rates, maturity dates, and semi-annual interest payment dates related to our outstanding senior note obligations as of December 31, 2024 (in thousands):
Interest Rate
Interest Payment Dates
Principal AmountMaturity Date
2026 Senior Notes5.000%April 15, October 15$400,000 October 15, 2026
2028 Senior Notes8.375%January 1, July 11,350,000 July 1, 2028
2030 Senior Notes8.625%May 1, November 11,000,000 November 1, 2030
2031 Senior Notes8.750%January 1, July 11,350,000 July 1, 2031
The 2026 Senior Notes, 2028 Senior Notes, 2030 Senior Notes, and 2031 Senior Notes (collectively, the “Senior Notes”) are unsecured senior obligations and rank equal in right of payment with all of the Company’s existing and any future unsecured senior debt and are senior in right of payment to any future subordinated debt. The Company may redeem some or all of its Senior Notes prior to their maturity at redemption prices that may include a premium, plus accrued and unpaid interest as described in the indentures governing the Senior Notes. The Senior Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by all of our existing subsidiaries and are expected to be guaranteed by certain other future subsidiaries that may be required to guarantee the Senior Notes.
The indentures governing the Senior Notes contain covenants that limit, among other things, our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to: (i) incur or guarantee additional indebtedness; (ii) create liens securing indebtedness; (iii) pay dividends on or redeem or repurchase stock or subordinated debt; (iv) make specified types of investments and acquisitions; (v) enter into or permit to exist contractual limits on the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends to us; (vi) enter into transactions with affiliates; and (vii) sell assets or merge with other companies. These covenants are subject to a number of important limitations and exceptions. We were in compliance with all covenants and all restricted payment provisions related to our Senior Notes as of December 31, 2024 and through the filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The indentures governing the Senior Notes also contain customary events of default.
2030 Senior Notes. On October 17, 2023, we issued $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of 8.625% Senior Notes due November 1, 2030 (the “2030 Senior Notes”), pursuant to an indenture among us, Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, and the guarantors party thereto. Upon issuance of the 2030 Senior Notes, we received net proceeds of $987.5 million after deducting fees of $12.5 million. The net proceeds were used to fund a portion of the consideration for the Vencer Acquisition.
At any time prior to November 1, 2026, we may redeem all or part of the 2030 Senior Notes, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to the sum of (i) the principal amount thereof, plus (ii) the “make-whole” premium at the redemption date, plus (iii) accrued and unpaid interest, if any. On or after November 1, 2026, we may redeem all or part of the 2030 Senior Notes at redemption prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount redeemed) equal to (i) 104.313% for the twelve-month period beginning on November 1, 2026; (ii) 102.156% for the twelve-month period beginning on November 1, 2027; and (iii) 100.000% for the period beginning November 1, 2028 and at any time thereafter, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date (subject to the right of the noteholders on the relevant record date to receive interest on the relevant interest payment date).
We may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2030 Senior Notes at any time prior to November 1, 2026 with an amount not to exceed the net cash proceeds from certain equity offerings at a redemption price equal to 108.625% of the principal amount of the 2030 Senior Notes redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, provided, however, that (i) at least 65.0% of the aggregate principal amount of 2030 Senior Notes originally issued on the issue date (but excluding 2030 Senior Notes held by us and our subsidiaries) remains outstanding immediately after the occurrence of such redemption (unless all such 2030 Senior Notes are redeemed substantially concurrently) and (ii) the redemption occurs within 180 days after the date of the closing of such equity offering.
2028 Senior Notes and 2031 Senior Notes. On June 29, 2023, we issued $1.35 billion aggregate principal amount of 8.375% Senior Notes due July 1, 2028 (the “2028 Senior Notes”), pursuant to an indenture among us, Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, and the guarantors party thereto, and $1.35 billion aggregate principal amount of 8.750% Senior Notes due July 1, 2031 (the “2031 Senior Notes”), pursuant to an indenture among us, Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, and the guarantors party thereto. Upon issuance of the 2028 Senior Notes and 2031 Senior Notes, we received net proceeds of $2.67 billion after deducting fees of $33.8 million. The net proceeds were used to fund a portion of the consideration for the Hibernia Acquisition and Tap Rock Acquisition.
At any time prior to July 1, 2025, we may redeem all or part of the 2028 Senior Notes, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to the sum of (i) the principal amount thereof, plus (ii) the “make-whole” premium at the redemption date, plus (iii) accrued and unpaid interest, if any. On or after July 1, 2025, we may redeem all or part of the 2028 Senior Notes at redemption prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount redeemed) equal to (i) 104.188% for the twelve-month period beginning on July 1, 2025; (ii) 102.094% for the twelve-month period beginning on July 1, 2026; and (iii) 100.000% on or after July 1, 2027, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any to, but excluding the redemption date.
At any time prior to July 1, 2026, we may redeem all or part of the 2031 Senior Notes, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to the sum of (i) the principal amount thereof, plus (ii) the “make-whole” premium at the redemption date, plus (iii) accrued and unpaid interest, if any. On or after July 1, 2026, we may redeem all or part of the 2031 Senior Notes at redemption prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount redeemed) equal to (i) 104.375% for the twelve-month period beginning on July 1, 2026; (ii) 102.188% for the twelve-month period beginning on July 1, 2027; and (iii) 100.000% for the period beginning July 1, 2028 and at any time thereafter, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any.
We may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2028 Senior Notes or 2031 Senior Notes at any time prior to July 1, 2025 or 2026, respectively, with an amount not to exceed the net cash proceeds from certain equity offerings at a redemption price equal to 108.375%, with respect to the 2028 Senior Notes, and 108.750%, with respect to the 2031 Senior Notes, of the principal amount of such series of 2028 Senior Notes and 2031 Senior Notes redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, provided, however, that (i) at least 65.0% of the aggregate principal amount of 2028 Senior Notes and 2031 Senior Notes of such series originally issued on the issue date (but excluding the 2028 Senior Notes and 2031 Senior Notes of such series held by us and our subsidiaries) remains outstanding immediately after the occurrence of such redemption (unless all such 2028 Senior Notes and 2031 Senior Notes are redeemed substantially concurrently) and (ii) the redemption occurs within 180 days after the date of the closing of such equity offering.
2026 Senior Notes. On October 13, 2021, we issued $400.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.000% Senior Notes due November 1, 2026 (the “2026 Senior Notes”), pursuant to an indenture among us, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee, and the guarantors party thereto.
We may redeem all or part of the 2026 Senior Notes at redemption prices equal to (i) 101.250% for the twelve-month period beginning on October 15, 2024 and (ii) 100.000% on or after October 15, 2025, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any.
Credit Facility
We are party to a reserve-based revolving facility, as the borrower, with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (“JPMorgan”), as the administrative agent, and a syndicate of financial institutions, as lenders, that has an aggregate maximum commitment
amount of $4.0 billion and is set to mature on August 2, 2028 (together with all amendments thereto, the “Credit Facility” or the “Credit Agreement”).
On June 12, 2024, we entered into a Sixth Amendment to our Credit Agreement (the “Sixth Amendment”), which, among other things, amended certain terms of the Credit Agreement to: (i) increase the borrowing base by $400.0 million for a new borrowing base of $3.4 billion, (ii) increase the aggregate elected commitments by $350.0 million for a new aggregate elected commitment of $2.2 billion, (iii) lower the interest rate margins applicable to loans under the Credit Agreement, (iv) add provisions to lower the interest rate margins and modify certain covenants in the Credit Agreement, as well as to make the Credit Facility unsecured, upon the achievement of investment grade credit ratings, (v) modify certain definitions in the Credit Agreement in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Sixth Amendment, and (vi) provide for the addition of certain new lenders under the Credit Agreement.
As of December 31, 2024, the borrowing base and aggregate elected commitments under the Credit Agreement were $3.4 billion and $2.2 billion, respectively. On February 21, 2025, we amended our Credit Facility to increase our aggregate elected commitments from $2.2 billion to $2.5 billion. The borrowing base of $3.4 billion remained unchanged. The next scheduled borrowing base redetermination date is in May 2025.
Interest and commitment fees associated with the Credit Facility are accrued based on a revolving loan commitment utilization grid set forth in the Credit Agreement. Borrowings under the Credit Facility bear interest at a per annum rate equal to, at our option, either (i) the ABR plus the applicable margin, or (ii) the term-specific SOFR plus the applicable margin. ABR is established as a rate per annum equal to the greatest of (a) the rate of interest publicly announced by JPMorgan as its prime rate, (b) the applicable rate of interest published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York plus 0.5%, or (c) the term-specific SOFR for an interest period of one month plus 1.0%, in each case, subject to a 1.5% floor, plus an applicable margin of 0.75% to 1.75% based on the utilization of the Credit Facility. Term-specific SOFR is based on one-, three-, or six-month terms as selected by us and is subject to a 0.5% floor, plus an applicable margin of 1.75% to 2.75%, based on the utilization of the Credit Facility. Interest on borrowings that bear interest at the SOFR are payable on the last day of the applicable interest period selected by us, and interest on borrowings that bear interest at the ABR are payable quarterly in arrears.
The Credit Facility is guaranteed by all our restricted domestic subsidiaries and is secured by first priority security interests on substantially all assets, including a mortgage on at least 90% of the total value of the proved properties evaluated in the most recently delivered reserve reports, including any engineering reports relating to the crude oil and natural gas properties of our restricted domestic subsidiaries, subject to customary exceptions.
The Credit Facility contains customary representations and affirmative covenants. The Credit Facility also contains customary negative covenants, which, among other things, and subject to certain exceptions, including the suspension and/or modification of certain covenants in the event that we receive investment grade credit ratings, include restrictions on (i) liens, (ii) indebtedness, guarantees and other obligations, (iii) restrictions in agreements on liens and distributions, (iv) mergers or consolidations, (v) asset sales, (vi) restricted payments, (vii) investments, (viii) affiliate transactions, (ix) change of business, (x) foreign operations or subsidiaries, (xi) changes to organizational documents, (xii) use of proceeds from loans and letters of credit, (xiii) hedging transactions, (xiv) additional subsidiaries, (xv) changes in fiscal year or fiscal quarter, (xvi) prepayments of certain debt and other obligations, (xvii) sales or discounts of receivables, and (xviii) dividend payment thresholds. 
In addition, we are subject to certain financial covenants under the Credit Facility, as tested on the last day of each fiscal quarter, including, without limitation, (a) a maximum ratio of our consolidated net indebtedness to earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation, depletion, and amortization, exploration expense, and other non-cash charges (“permitted net leverage ratio”) of 3.00 to 1.00, (b) a current ratio, inclusive of the unused commitments under the Credit Facility then available to be borrowed, to not be less than 1.00 to 1.00, and (c) upon the achievement of investment grade credit ratings, a PV-9 Coverage Ratio. We were in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Facility as of December 31, 2024 and through the filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The following table presents the outstanding balance, letters of credit outstanding, and available borrowing capacity under the Credit Facility as of the dates indicated (in thousands):
February 21, 2025December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Outstanding balance
$800,000 $450,000 $750,000 
Letters of credit2,100 2,100 2,100 
Available borrowing capacity1,697,900 1,747,900 1,097,900 
Total aggregate elected commitments
$2,500,000 $2,200,000 $1,850,000 
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the unamortized deferred financing costs associated with amendments to the Credit Facility were $29.4 million and $34.4 million, respectively. Of the unamortized deferred financing costs, (i) $21.2 million and $26.9 million are presented within other noncurrent assets on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and (ii) $8.2 million and $7.5 million are presented within prepaid expenses and other on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Deferred Acquisition Consideration
The Vencer Acquisition included deferred consideration of $550 million to be paid in cash on or before January 3, 2025. We discounted this obligation and recorded $532.3 million as deferred acquisition consideration upon closing and are amortizing the discount to interest expense in the accompanying statements of operations until the payment is made. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we paid $75 million of this deferred consideration, which is recorded as a cash outflow within the acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired in the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows. The remaining $475.0 million of deferred consideration was paid on January 3, 2025.
Interest Expense
For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, we incurred interest expense of $456.3 million, $182.7 million, and $32.2 million, respectively. Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2024 includes $37.1 million related to the amortization of deferred acquisition consideration associated with the Vencer Acquisition.