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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 3 Months Ended
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May 02, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. At May 2, 2020, and all periods presented, the Company operated in one reportable segment.
Fiscal Year | Fiscal Year Our fiscal year is a 52- or 53-week year that ends on the Saturday nearest to January 31. As used herein, “Fiscal 2020” refers to the 52-week period that will end on January 30, 2021. “Fiscal 2019” refers to the 52-week period ended February 1, 2020. “Fiscal 2018” refers to the 52-week period ended February 2, 2019.
Estimates | Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. On an ongoing basis, our management reviews its estimates based on currently available information. Changes in facts and circumstances may result in revised estimates.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recent Accounting Pronouncements In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) established Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 842, Leases (“ASC 842”) by issuing Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02. ASC 842 was subsequently amended by ASU 2018-01, Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842; ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases; and ASU 2018-11, Targeted Improvements. The standard establishes a right-of-use model (“ROU”) model that requires a lessee to recognize a ROU asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with a term longer than 12 months. Leases are classified as financing or operating, with classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense recognition in the income statement. The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 and its subsequent amendments effective February 3, 2019. The Company elected this standard’s package of practical expedients, which permits the Company to maintain prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification, and initial direct costs. The Company elected to use the go-forward practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for all of our leases. The Company also elected to use the short-term lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualify. Upon adoption, the Company:
• | Recognized operating lease liabilities and operating lease ROU assets of $1.6 billion, for the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments on existing operating leases (including consideration related to non-lease components due to the related practical expedient).
• | Recognized a transition adjustment of $44.4 million (net of tax effects of $15.0 million) to beginning retained earnings related to the impairment of newly recognized operating lease ROU assets related to store assets that were impaired prior to the date of adoption.
• | Reclassified $82.9 million of straight-line deferred rent, $55.0 million of deferred lease credits, and $40.4 million of prepaid rent to the operating lease ROU asset. Combined with the impairment discussed above, these reclassifications reduced the net operating lease ROU asset to $1.4 billion. Corresponding amounts were not reclassified in prior periods as those prior periods are presented under ASC 840, Leases.
In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects From Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“ASU 2018-02”). This guidance permits companies to reclassify the stranded tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act on items within accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings. The Company adopted ASU 2018-02 on February 3, 2019. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (“ASU 2017-04”). This ASU simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairments by eliminating the requirement to perform procedures to determine the fair value of the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit for the determination of the fair value of the goodwill and any impairment charge to be recognized. The Company adopted ASU 2017-04 on February 3, 2019. The adoption did not have an impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments–Credit Losses (Topic 326) (“ASU 2016-13”), which modifies the measurement of expected credit losses of certain financial instruments. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 on February 2, 2020. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.
Foreign Currency Translation | Foreign Currency Translation In accordance with ASC 830, Foreign Currency Matters, the Company translates assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies into United States dollars (“USD”) (the Company’s reporting currency) at the exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date. The Company translates revenues and expenses denominated in foreign currencies into USD at the monthly average exchange rates for the period. Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in the consolidated results of operations, whereas related translation adjustments are reported as an element of other comprehensive income in accordance with ASC 220, Comprehensive Income. We are exposed to the impact of foreign exchange rate risk primarily through our Canadian and Mexican operations where the functional currency is the Canadian dollar and Mexican peso, respectively. The impact of all other foreign currencies is currently immaterial to our consolidated financial results. An unrealized loss of $21.9 million is included in accumulated other comprehensive income as of May 2, 2020, primarily related to the decline in the US dollar to Mexican peso and US dollar to Canadian dollar exchange rates during the 13 weeks ended May 2, 2020.
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with a remaining maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Short-term investments classified as available-for-sale include certificates of deposit and commercial paper with a maturity greater than three months, but less than one year. Refer to Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments.
Merchandise Inventory | Merchandise Inventory Merchandise inventory is valued at the lower of average cost or net realizable value, utilizing the retail method. Average cost includes merchandise design and sourcing costs and related expenses. The Company records merchandise receipts when control of the merchandise has transferred to the Company. The Company reviews its inventory levels to identify slow-moving merchandise and generally uses markdowns to clear merchandise. Additionally, the Company estimates a markdown reserve for future planned permanent markdowns related to current inventory. Markdowns may occur when inventory exceeds customer demand for reasons of style, seasonal adaptation, changes in customer preference, lack of consumer acceptance of fashion items, competition, or if it is determined that the inventory in stock will not sell at its currently ticketed price. Such markdowns may have a material adverse impact on earnings, depending on the extent and amount of inventory affected. The Company also estimates a shrinkage reserve for the period between the last physical count and the balance sheet date. The estimate for the shrinkage reserve, based on historical results, can be affected by changes in merchandise mix and changes in actual shrinkage trends.
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue pursuant to ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). Revenue is recorded for store sales upon the purchase of merchandise by customers. The Company’s e-commerce operation records revenue upon the customer receipt date of the merchandise. Shipping and handling revenues are included in total net revenue. Sales tax collected from customers is excluded from revenue and is included as part of accrued income and other taxes on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Revenue is recorded net of estimated and actual sales returns and promotional price reductions. The Company records the impact of adjustments to its sales return reserve quarterly within total net revenue and cost of sales. The sales return reserve reflects an estimate of sales returns based on projected merchandise returns determined using historical average return percentages. Revenue is not recorded on the issuance of gift cards. A current liability is recorded upon issuance, and revenue is recognized when the gift card is redeemed for merchandise. Additionally, the Company recognizes revenue on unredeemed gift cards based on an estimate of the amounts that will not be redeemed (“gift card breakage”), determined through historical redemption trends. Gift card breakage revenue is recognized in proportion to actual gift card redemptions as a component of total net revenue. For further information on the Company’s gift card program, refer to the Gift Cards caption below. The Company recognizes royalty revenue generated from its license or franchise agreements based on a percentage of merchandise sales by the licensee/franchisee. This revenue is recorded as a component of total net revenue when earned and collection is probable. The Company defers a portion of the sales revenue attributed to the loyalty points and recognizes revenue when the points are redeemed or expire, consistent with the requirements of ASC 606. Refer to the Customer Loyalty Program caption below for additional information. The following table sets forth the approximate consolidated percentage of total net revenue attributable to each merchandise group for each of the periods indicated:
|  | 13 Weeks Ended |
|  | May 2, |  |  | May 4, |
|  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Men’s apparel and accessories |  |  | 22 | % |  |  | 28 | %
Women’s apparel and accessories (excluding Aerie) |  |  | 48 | % |  |  | 54 | %
Aerie |  |  | 30 | % |  |  | 18 | %
Total |  |  | 100 | % |  |  | 100 | %
The following table disaggregates the Company’s total net revenue by geography for each of the periods indicated:
|  | 13 Weeks Ended |
(In thousands) |  | May 2, 2020 |  |  | May 4, 2019 |
Total Net Revenue: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States |  | $ | 488,876 |  |  | $ | 768,480 |
Foreign (1) |  |  | 62,816 |  |  |  | 117,810 |
Total Net Revenue |  | $ | 551,692 |  |  | $ | 886,290 |
(1) | Amounts represent sales from American Eagle and Aerie international retail stores, and e-commerce sales that are billed and/or shipped to foreign countries and international franchise royalty revenue.
Cost of Sales, Including Certain Buying, Occupancy and Warehousing Expenses | Cost of Sales, Including Certain Buying, Occupancy and Warehousing Expenses Cost of sales consists of merchandise costs, including design, sourcing, importing and inbound freight costs, as well as markdowns, shrinkage and certain promotional costs (collectively, “merchandise costs”) and buying, occupancy and warehousing costs. Design costs are related to the Company's Design Center operations and include compensation, travel and entertainment, supplies and samples for our design teams, as well as rent and depreciation for our Design Center. These costs are included in cost of sales as the respective inventory is sold. Buying, occupancy and warehousing costs consist of compensation, employee benefit expenses and travel and entertainment for our buyers and certain senior merchandising executives; rent and utilities related to our stores, corporate headquarters, distribution centers and other office space; freight from our distribution centers to the stores; compensation and supplies for our distribution centers, including purchasing, receiving and inspection costs; and shipping and handling costs related to our e-commerce operation. Gross profit is the difference between total net revenue and cost of sales.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses | Selling, General and Administrative Expenses Selling, general and administrative expenses consist of compensation and employee benefit expenses, including salaries, incentives and related benefits associated with our stores and corporate headquarters. Selling, general and administrative expenses also include advertising costs, supplies for our stores and home office, communication costs, travel and entertainment, leasing costs and services purchased. Selling, general and administrative expenses do not include compensation, employee benefit expenses and travel for our design, sourcing and importing teams, our buyers and our distribution centers as these amounts are recorded in cost of sales. Additionally, selling, general and administrative expenses do not include rent and utilities related to our stores, operating costs of our distribution centers, and shipping and handling costs related to our e-commerce operations, all of which are included in cost of sales.
Other Income (Expenses), Net | Other Income (expense), Net Other income (expense), net consists primarily of foreign currency transaction gain/loss, interest income/expense and realized investment gains/losses.
Property and Equipment | Property and Equipment Property and equipment is recorded on the basis of cost with depreciation computed utilizing the straight-line method over the asset’s estimated useful life. The useful lives of our major classes of assets are as follows:
Buildings |  | 25 years
Leasehold improvements |  | Lesser of 10 years or the term of the lease
Fixtures and equipment Information technology |  | Five years Three - five years
As of May 2, 2020, the weighted average remaining useful life of our assets was approximately 7.5 years. In accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment (“ASC 360”), the Company’s management evaluates the value of leasehold improvements, store fixtures, and operating lease ROU assets associated with retail stores, which have been open for a period sufficient to reach maturity. The Company evaluates long-lived assets for impairment at the individual store level, which is the lowest level at which individual cash flows can be identified. Impairment losses are recorded on long-lived assets used in operations when events and circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired and the projected undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the carrying amounts. When events such as these occur, the impaired assets are adjusted to their estimated fair value and an impairment loss is recorded separately as a component of operating income under impairment and restructuring charges. During the 13 weeks ended May 2, 2020, the Company recorded impairment of property and equipment of $51.5 million. No long-lived asset impairment charges were recorded during the 13 weeks ended May 4, 2019. Refer to Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the impairment of these assets. When the Company closes, remodels, or relocates a store prior to the end of its lease term, the remaining net book value of the assets related to the store is recorded as a write-off of assets within depreciation and amortization expense. Refer to Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding property and equipment.
Intangible Assets Including Goodwill | Intangible Assets, including Goodwill The Company’s goodwill is primarily related to the acquisition of its importing operations, Canada business and Tailgate brand. In accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (“ASC 350”), the Company evaluates goodwill for possible impairment on at least an annual basis and last performed an annual impairment test as of February 1, 2020. As a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting significant decline in the Company’s results of operations during the 13 weeks ended May 2, 2020, an interim indicator of goodwill impairment was present. As a result, the Company performed an interim impairment test as of May 2, 2020 and determined that the fair value of its goodwill continues to be in excess of its carrying value and therefore no impairment charge was recorded. Definite-lived intangible assets are recorded on the basis of cost with amortization computed utilizing the straight-line method over the assets’ estimated useful lives. The Company’s definite-lived intangible assets, which consist primarily of trademark assets, are generally amortized over 15 to 25 years. The Company evaluates definite-lived intangible assets for impairment in accordance with ASC 350 when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. Such an evaluation includes the estimation of undiscounted future cash flows to be generated by those assets. If the sum of the estimated future undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying amounts of the assets, then the assets are impaired and are adjusted to their estimated fair value. No definite-lived intangible asset impairment charges were recorded during the 13 weeks ended May 2, 2020 and May 4, 2019. Refer to Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding intangible assets.
Gift Cards | Gift Cards Revenue is not recorded on the issuance of gift cards. The value of a gift card is recorded as a current liability upon issuance, and revenue is recognized when the gift card is redeemed for merchandise. The Company estimates gift card breakage and recognizes revenue in proportion to actual gift card redemptions as a component of total net revenue. The Company determines an estimated gift card breakage rate by continuously evaluating historical redemption data and the time when there is a remote likelihood that a gift card will be redeemed. During the 13 weeks ended May 2, 2020 and May 4, 2019, the Company recorded approximately $1.7 million and $2.0 million, respectively, of revenue related to gift card breakage.
Construction Allowances | Construction Allowances As part of certain lease agreements for retail stores, the Company receives construction allowances from lessors, which are generally comprised of cash amounts. The Company records a receivable and an adjustment to the operating lease ROU asset at the lease commencement date (date of initial possession of the store). The deferred lease credit is amortized as part of the single lease cost over the term of the original lease (including the pre-opening build-out period). The receivable is reduced as amounts are received from the lessor.
Self-Insurance Liability | Self-Insurance Liability The Company uses a combination of insurance and self-insurance mechanisms for certain losses related to employee medical benefits and worker’s compensation. Costs for self-insurance claims filed and claims incurred but not reported are accrued based on known claims and historical experience. Management believes that it has adequately reserved for its self-insurance liability, which is capped by stop loss contracts with insurance companies. However, any significant variation of future claims from historical trends could cause actual results to differ from the accrued liability.
Leases | Leases The Company leases all store premises, some of its office space and certain information technology and office equipment. These leases are generally classified as operating leases. Store leases generally provide for a combination of base rentals and contingent rent based on store sales. Additionally, most leases include lessor incentives such as construction allowances and rent holidays. The Company is typically responsible for tenant occupancy costs including maintenance costs, common area charges, real estate taxes and certain other expenses. Most leases include one or more options to renew. The exercise of lease renewal options is at the Company’s discretion and is not reasonably certain at lease commencement. When measuring operating lease ROU assets and operating lease liabilities, the Company only includes cash flows related to options to extend or terminate leases once those options are executed. Some leases have variable payments. However, because they are not based on an index or rate, they are not included in the measurement of operating lease ROU assets and operating lease liabilities. When determining the present value of future payments for an operating lease that does not have a readily determinable implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate as of the date of initial possession of the leased asset. For leases that qualify for the short-term lease exemption, the Company does not record an operating lease liability or operating lease ROU asset. Short-term lease payments are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term of 12 months or less. During the 13 weeks ended May 2, 2020, the Company recorded impairment of operating lease ROU assets of $84.1 million. No operating lease ROU asset impairment charges were recorded during the 13 weeks ended May 4, 2019. Refer to Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the impairment of these assets. Deferred lease credits represent the unamortized portion of construction allowances received from lessors related to the Company’s retail stores. Construction allowances are generally comprised of cash amounts received by the Company from its lessor as part of the negotiated lease terms. The Company records a receivable and an adjustment to the operating lease ROU asset at the lease commencement date (date of initial possession of the store). The deferred lease credit is amortized as part of the single lease cost over the term of the original lease (including the pre-opening build-out period). The receivable is reduced as amounts are received from the lessor.
Co-branded Credit Card | Co-branded Credit Card The Company offers a co-branded credit card and a private label credit card under the AE and Aerie brands. These credit cards are issued by a third party bank (the “Bank”) in accordance with a credit card agreement (the “Agreement”). The Company has no liability to the Bank for bad debt expense, provided that purchases are made in accordance with the Bank’s procedures. We receive funding from the Bank based on the Agreement and card activity, which includes payments for new account activations and usage of the credit cards. We recognize revenue for this funding as we fulfill our performance obligations under the Agreement. This revenue is recorded in other revenue, which is a component of total net revenue in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Customer Loyalty Program | Customer Loyalty Program In 2017, the Company launched a highly digitized loyalty program called AEO ConnectedTM (the “Program”). This Program integrates the credit card rewards program and the AEREWARDS® loyalty program into one combined customer offering. Under the Program, customers accumulate points based on purchase activity and earn rewards by reaching certain point thresholds. Customers earn rewards in the form of discount savings certificates. Rewards earned are valid through the stated expiration date, which is 45 days from the issuance date of the reward. Rewards not redeemed during the 45-day redemption period are forfeited. Additional rewards are also given for key items such as jeans and bras. Points earned under the Program on purchases at American Eagle and Aerie are accounted for in accordance with ASC 606. The portion of the sales revenue attributed to the award points is deferred and recognized when the award is redeemed or when the points expire, using the relative stand-alone selling price method. Additionally, reward points earned using the co-branded credit card on non-AE or Aerie purchases are accounted for in accordance with ASC 606. As the points are earned, a current liability is recorded for the estimated cost of the award, and the impact of adjustments s recorded in revenue. The Company defers a portion of the sales revenue attributed to the loyalty points and recognizes revenue when the points are redeemed or expire, consistent with the requirements of ASC 606.
Sales Return Reserve | Sales Return Reserve Revenue is recorded net of estimated and actual sales returns and deductions for coupon redemptions and other promotions. The Company records the impact of adjustments to its sales return reserve quarterly within total net revenue and cost of sales. The sales return reserve reflects an estimate of sales returns based on projected merchandise returns determined using historical average return percentages. The presentation on a gross basis consists of a separate right of return asset and liability. These amounts are recorded within (i) prepaid expenses and other and (ii) other current liabilities and accrued expenses, respectively, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Income Taxes | Income Taxes The Company calculates income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which requires the use of the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based on the difference between the Consolidated Financial Statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases as computed pursuant to ASC 740. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates, based on certain judgments regarding enacted tax laws and published guidance, in effect in the years when those temporary differences are expected to reverse. A valuation allowance is established against the deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred taxes may not be realized. Changes in the Company’s level and composition of earnings, tax laws or the deferred tax valuation allowance, as well as the results of tax audits may materially impact the Company’s effective income tax rate. The Company evaluates its income tax positions in accordance with ASC 740, which prescribes a comprehensive model for recognizing, measuring, presenting and disclosing in the financial statements tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return, including a decision whether to file or not to file in a particular jurisdiction. Under ASC 740, a tax benefit from an uncertain position may be recognized only if it is “more likely than not” that the position is sustainable based on its technical merits. The calculation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, as well as the decision to recognize a tax benefit from an uncertain position and to establish a valuation allowance requires management to make estimates and assumptions. The Company believes that its estimates and assumptions are reasonable, although actual results may have a positive or negative material impact on the balances of deferred tax assets and liabilities, valuation allowances or net income. Refer to Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding income taxes.
Segment Information | Segment Information In accordance with ASC 280, Segment Reporting (“ASC 280”), the Company has identified two operating segments (American Eagle Brand and Aerie Brand) that reflect the basis used internally to review performance and allocate resources. Both operating segments have been aggregated and are presented as one reportable segment, as permitted by ASC 280.
Fair Value Measurements | ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement Disclosures (“ASC 820”), defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with GAAP and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined under ASC 820 as the exit price associated with the sale of an asset or transfer of a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Financial Instruments Valuation techniques used to measure fair value under ASC 820 must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. In addition, ASC 820 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include:
• | Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets.
• | Level 2 — Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly.
• | Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
Share-Based Compensation | The Company accounts for share-based compensation under the provisions of ASC 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”), which requires companies to measure and recognize compensation expense for all share-based payments at fair value.
Legal Proceedings | The Company is subject to certain legal proceedings and claims arising out of the conduct of its business. In accordance with ASC 450, Contingencies (“ASC 450”), the Company records a reserve for estimated losses when the loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If a range of possible loss exists and no anticipated loss within the range is more likely than any other anticipated loss, the Company records the accrual at the low end of the range, in accordance with ASC 450. As the Company believes that it has provided adequate reserves, it anticipates that the ultimate outcome of any matter currently pending against the Company will not materially affect the consolidated financial position, results of operations or consolidated cash flows of the Company. However, our assessment of any litigation or other legal claims could potentially change in light of the discovery of facts not presently known or determinations by judges, juries, or other finders of fact which are not in accord with management’s evaluation of the possible liability or outcome of such litigation or claims.

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