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Segment Disclosures | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2019
Segment Reporting [Abstract] |
Segment Disclosures | Note 21. Segment Disclosures Our business units have been aggregated into three practice groups: (i) Financial Services, (ii) Benefits and Insurance Services and (iii) National Practices, based on the following factors: similarity of the products and services provided to clients, similarity of the regulatory environment and similarity of economic conditions affecting long-term performance. The business units are managed along these segment lines. A general description of services provided by practice group is provided in the table below.
Financial Services |  | Benefits and Insurance Services |  | National Practices
• Accounting and Tax |  | • Group Health Benefits Consulting |  | • Managed Networking and Hardware Services
• Government Healthcare Consulting • Financial Advisory |  | • Payroll • Property & Casualty |  | • Healthcare Consulting
• Valuation |  | • Retirement Plan Services |  |
• Risk & Advisory Services |  |  |  |
Corporate and Other - Included in Corporate and Other are operating expenses that are not directly allocated to the individual business units. These expenses are primarily comprised of certain healthcare costs, gains or losses attributable to assets held in our non-qualified deferred compensation plan, share-based compensation, consolidation and integration charges, certain professional fees, certain advertising costs and other various expenses. Upon consolidation, intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated, thus inter-segment revenue is not included in the measure of profit or loss for the practice groups. Performance of the practice groups is evaluated on operating income excluding those costs listed above, which are reported in the “Corporate and Other” segment. We operate in the United States and Canada and revenue generated from such operations during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was as follows (in thousands):
|  | Year Ended December 31, |
|  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
United States |  | $ | 946,801 |  |  | $ | 920,481 |  |  | $ | 853,802 |
Canada |  |  | 1,623 |  |  |  | 1,522 |  |  |  | 1,538 |
Total revenue |  | $ | 948,424 |  |  | $ | 922,003 |  |  | $ | 855,340 |
There is no one customer that represents a significant portion of our revenue. Segment information for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is presented below (in thousands). We do not manage our assets on a segment basis, therefore segment assets are not presented below.
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, 2019 |
|  | Financial Services |  |  | Benefits and Insurance Services |  |  | National Practices |  |  | Corporate and Other |  |  | Total |
Revenue |  | $ | 616,567 |  |  | $ | 296,228 |  |  | $ | 35,629 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 948,424 |
Operating expenses |  |  | 515,240 |  |  |  | 246,245 |  |  |  | 32,474 |  |  |  | 29,537 |  |  |  | 823,496 |
Gross margin |  |  | 101,327 |  |  |  | 49,983 |  |  |  | 3,155 |  |  |  | (29,537 | ) |  |  | 124,928 |
Corporate general and administrative expenses |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 44,406 |  |  |  | 44,406 |
Operating income (loss) |  |  | 101,327 |  |  |  | 49,983 |  |  |  | 3,155 |  |  |  | (73,943 | ) |  |  | 80,522 |
Other (expense) income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense |  |  | — |  |  |  | (57 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (5,708 | ) |  |  | (5,765 | )
Gain on sale of operations, net |  |  | 578 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (161 | ) |  |  | 417 |
Other (expense) income, net |  |  | (121 | ) |  |  | 238 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 17,597 |  |  |  | 17,715 |
Total other (expense) income |  |  | 457 |  |  |  | 181 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 11,728 |  |  |  | 12,367 |
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense |  | $ | 101,784 |  |  | $ | 50,164 |  |  | $ | 3,156 |  |  | $ | (62,215 | ) |  | $ | 92,889 |
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 |
|  | Financial Services |  |  | Benefits and Insurance Services |  |  | National Practices |  |  | Corporate and Other |  |  | Total |
Revenue |  | $ | 600,926 |  |  | $ | 288,437 |  |  | $ | 32,640 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 922,003 |
Operating expenses |  |  | 508,653 |  |  |  | 239,646 |  |  |  | 30,003 |  |  |  | 11,981 |  |  |  | 790,283 |
Gross margin |  |  | 92,273 |  |  |  | 48,791 |  |  |  | 2,637 |  |  |  | (11,981 | ) |  |  | 131,720 |
Corporate general and administrative expenses |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 39,173 |  |  |  | 39,173 |
Operating income (loss) |  |  | 92,273 |  |  |  | 48,791 |  |  |  | 2,637 |  |  |  | (51,154 | ) |  |  | 92,547 |
Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense |  |  | — |  |  |  | (102 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (6,543 | ) |  |  | (6,645 | )
Gain on sale of operations, net |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,025 |  |  |  | 1,025 |
Other income (expense), net |  |  | (263 | ) |  |  | 493 |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | (7,320 | ) |  |  | (7,087 | )
Total other income (expense) |  |  | (263 | ) |  |  | 391 |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | (12,838 | ) |  |  | (12,707 | )
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense |  | $ | 92,010 |  |  | $ | 49,182 |  |  | $ | 2,640 |  |  | $ | (63,992 | ) |  | $ | 79,840 |
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, 2017 |
|  | Financial Services |  |  | Benefits and Insurance Services |  |  | National Practices |  |  | Corporate and Other |  |  | Total |
Revenue |  | $ | 540,315 |  |  | $ | 283,909 |  |  | $ | 31,116 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 855,340 |
Operating expenses |  |  | 468,089 |  |  |  | 236,317 |  |  |  | 28,382 |  |  |  | 22,796 |  |  |  | 755,584 |
Gross margin |  |  | 72,226 |  |  |  | 47,592 |  |  |  | 2,734 |  |  |  | (22,796 | ) |  |  | 99,756 |
Corporate general and administrative expenses |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 33,295 |  |  |  | 33,295 |
Operating income (loss) |  |  | 72,226 |  |  |  | 47,592 |  |  |  | 2,734 |  |  |  | (56,091 | ) |  |  | 66,461 |
Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense |  |  | — |  |  |  | (36 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (6,639 | ) |  |  | (6,675 | )
Gain on sale of operations, net |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 45 |  |  |  | 45 |
Other income, net |  |  | 158 |  |  |  | 442 |  |  |  | (8 | ) |  |  | 13,897 |  |  |  | 14,489 |
Total other income |  |  | 158 |  |  |  | 406 |  |  |  | (8 | ) |  |  | 7,303 |  |  |  | 7,859 |
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense |  | $ | 72,384 |  |  | $ | 47,998 |  |  | $ | 2,726 |  |  | $ | (48,788 | ) |  | $ | 74,320 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134510 + Details
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