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Stock-Based Compensation | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2015
Stock-Based Compensation |
Stock-Based Compensation | 15. Stock-Based Compensation On April 16, 2003, the Company's Board of Directors adopted and approved the 2003 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan (the "2003 Plan"). On May 22, 2003, the Company's shareholders approved the 2003 Plan. The 2003 Plan was effective June 1, 2003 and permitted the grant of options to purchase common stock and other market-based and performance-based awards. Up to 12,000,000 shares of common stock were available for awards under the 2003 Plan. The 2003 Plan provided for the granting of both incentive stock options intended to qualify under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and nonqualified stock options, which do not so qualify. The exercise price per share may be no less than (i) 100% of the fair market value of the common stock on the date an option is granted for incentive stock options and (ii) 85% of the fair market value of the common stock on the date an option is granted for nonqualified stock options. However the shares which remained available for issuance under such plan as of November 12, 2008 are no longer available for issuance and all future equity awards will be pursuant to the 2008 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan (the "2008 Plan") described below. On August 20, 2008, the Company's Board of Directors adopted and approved the 2008 Plan. On November 12, 2008, the Company's shareholders approved the 2008 Plan. The 2008 Plan permits the Company to issue stock options (incentive and/or non-qualified), stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, phantom stock units and other equity and cash awards to employees. Non- employee directors are eligible to receive all such awards, other than incentive stock options. On June 9, 2011, the Company's shareholders approved an amendment to the 2008 Plan to increase the aggregate number of shares of common stock that may be issued by 2,350,000 to 9,250,000, and on June 12, 2014 the Company's shareholders approved an amendment to increase the aggregate number of shares of common stock that may be issued from 9,250,000 to 16,350,000. Awards of stock options and stock appreciation rights will be counted against the 16,350,000 limit as one share of common stock for each share granted. However, each share awarded in the form of restricted stock, or any other full value stock award, will be counted as issuing 2.44 shares of common stock for purposes of determining the number of shares available for issuance under the plan. Any awards that are not settled in shares of common stock shall not count against this limit. At December 31, 2015, there were 5,480,017 options available for future grants under the 2008 Plan. In connection with the Spin-Off of GLPI, the Company's employee stock options and cash-settled stock appreciation rights ("SARs") were converted into two awards, an award in Penn with an adjusted exercise price and an award in GLPI. The number of options and SARs and the exercise price of each converted award were adjusted to preserve the same intrinsic value of the awards that existed immediately prior to the Spin-Off. As such, no incremental compensation expense was recorded as a result of this conversion. In addition, holders of outstanding restricted stock awards and cash-settled phantom stock unit awards ("PSUs") received an additional share of restricted stock or PSUs in GLPI common stock at the Spin-Off so that the intrinsic value of these awards were equivalent to those that existed immediately prior to the Spin-Off. The unrecognized compensation costs associated with GLPI restricted stock awards, GLPI PSUs, GLPI stock options and GLPI SARs held by Penn employees will continue to be recognized on the Company's financial statements over the awards remaining vesting periods. The unrecognized compensation costs associated with GLPI restricted stock awards, GLPI PSUs, GLPI stock options and GLPI SARs held by former Penn employees (including but not limited to the Company's former Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Senior Vice President of Corporate Development) who are now employed by GLPI effective November 1, 2013, will be recorded on GLPI's financial statements. Stock options that expire between April 6, 2016 and November 30, 2022, have been granted to officers, directors, employees, and predecessor employees to purchase common stock at prices ranging from $6.34 to $18.61 per share. All options were granted at the fair market value of the common stock on the date the options were granted and have contractual lives ranging from 7 to 10 years. The Company issues new authorized common shares to satisfy stock option exercises as well as restricted stock lapses. The following table contains information on stock options issued under the plans for the year ended December 31, 2015:
|  | Number of Option Shares |  | Weighted-Average Exercise Price |  | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands) |
Outstanding at December 31, 2014 |  |  | 6,633,622 |  | $ | 8.12 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Granted |  |  | 1,752,833 |  |  | 13.50 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  |  | (1,931,946 | ) |  | 6.76 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Canceled |  |  | (72,933 | ) |  | 11.64 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
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Outstanding at December 31, 2015 |  |  | 6,381,576 |  | $ | 9.97 |  |  | 3.57 |  | $ | 40,029 |
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The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 were $4.85 and $4.95, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 was $19.5 million, $8.2 million, and $46.0 million, respectively. At December 31, 2015, there were 3,739,257 shares that were exercisable, with a weighted-average exercise price of $8.13, a weighted-average remaining contractual term of 2.19 years, and an aggregate intrinsic value of $30.3 million. The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2015:
|  | Exercise Price Range |  | Total |
|  | $6.34 to $9.52 |  | $9.53 to $14.36 |  | $14.41 to $18.61 |  | $6.34 to $18.61 |
Outstanding options |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number outstanding |  |  | 3,330,058 |  |  | 2,878,346 |  |  | 173,172 |  |  | 6,381,576 |
Weighted-average remaining contractual life (years) |  |  | 2.18 |  |  | 5.01 |  |  | 6.38 |  |  | 3.57 |
Weighted-average exercise price |  | $ | 7.71 |  | $ | 12.20 |  | $ | 16.34 |  | $ | 9.97 |
Exercisable options |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number outstanding |  |  | 3,083,777 |  |  | 654,480 |  |  | 1,000 |  |  | 3,739,257 |
Weighted-average exercise price |  | $ | 7.62 |  | $ | 10.52 |  | $ | 14.41 |  | $ | 8.13 |
The following table contains information on restricted stock awards issued under the plans for the year ended December 31, 2015:
|  | Number of Award Shares |
Outstanding at December 31, 2014 |  |  | 132,497 |
Awarded |  |  | 57,406 |
Released |  |  | (47,502 | )
Canceled |  |  | (15,405 | )
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Outstanding at December 31, 2015 |  |  | 126,996 |
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Stock-based compensation expenses for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 totaled $8.2 million, $10.7 million and $22.8 million, respectively, and are included within the consolidated statements of operations under general and administrative expense. The decrease for the year ended December 31, 2015, as compared to the corresponding period in the prior year, is primarily due to lower aggregate executive compensation following the Spin-Off. At December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the total compensation cost related to nonvested awards not yet recognized equaled $11.2 million, $10.9 million and $20.0 million, respectively, including $8.8 million, $7.3 million and $13.2 million for stock options, respectively, and $2.4 million, $3.6 million and $6.8 million for restricted stock, respectively. This cost is expected to be recognized over the remaining vesting periods, which will not exceed five years. The Company's PSUs, which vest over a period of three to five years, entitle employees and directors to receive cash based on the fair value of the Company's common stock on the vesting date. The PSUs are accounted for as liability awards and are re-measured at fair value each reporting period until they become vested with compensation expense being recognized over the requisite service period in accordance with ASC 718-30, "Compensation—Stock Compensation, Awards Classified as Liabilities." The Company has a liability, which is included in accrued salaries and wages within the consolidated balance sheets, associated with its PSUs of $7.8 million and $8.2 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. For PSUs held by Penn employees, there was $16.8 million of total unrecognized compensation cost at December 31, 2015 that will be recognized over the grants remaining weighted average vesting period of 1.70 years. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the Company recognized $14.1 million, $8.3 million, and $11.9 million of compensation expense associated with these awards, respectively. Amounts paid by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 on these cash-settled awards totaled $14.5 million, $6.9 million, and $6.6 million, respectively. For the Company's SARs, the fair value of the SARs is calculated during each reporting period and estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model based on the various inputs discussed in Note 4. The Company's SARs, which vest over a period of four years, are accounted for as liability awards since they will be settled in cash. The Company has a liability, which is included in accrued salaries and wages within the consolidated balance sheets, associated with its SARs of $8.0 million and $6.3 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. For SARs held by Penn employees, there was $5.8 million of total unrecognized compensation cost at December 31, 2015 that will be recognized over the awards remaining weighted average vesting period of 2.57 years. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company recognized a $5.1 million compensation benefit associated with these awards. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company recognized $2.9 million and $7.5 million, respectively, of compensation benefit and compensation expense associated with these awards. The reason for the increase was due to an increase in the stock prices of GLPI and Penn common stock during 2015. Amounts paid by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 on these cash-settled awards totaled $3.4 million, $2.2 million and $1.7 million, respectively.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for compensation-related costs for equity-based compensation, which may include disclosure of policies, compensation plan details, allocation of equity compensation, incentive distributions, equity-based arrangements to obtain goods and services, deferred compensation arrangements, employee stock ownership plan details and employee stock purchase plan details. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 40 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6418621&loc=d3e17540-113929 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 50 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=51659978&loc=d3e25284-112666 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6415400&loc=d3e5070-113901 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6415400&loc=d3e5047-113901 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6415400&loc=d3e5444-113901 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher SEC -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) -Number Topic 14 + Details
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