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Share-Based Compensation | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2022
Share-Based Compensation |
Share-Based Compensation | 6.Share-Based Compensation The Company’s 2021 Incentive Equity Plan (the “Plan”) provides that the aggregate number of common shares reserved for future issuance under the Plan is 33,699,685 common shares, including 9,017,299 shares added to the Plan in January 2022 pursuant to the Plan’s automatic annual increase provision described below, provided that 2,243,853 of the outstanding common shares shall only be available for awards made to non-employee directors of the Company. On the first day of each fiscal year beginning in 2022 to the tenth anniversary of the closing of the Business Combination, the number of common shares that may be issued pursuant to the Plan is automatically increased by an amount equal to the lesser of 4% of the number of outstanding common shares or an amount determined by the Board of Directors. Stock options As at September 30, 2022, there were 15,356,340 stock options outstanding under the Company’s Short-Term Incentive Plan (“STIP”) and 9,783,922 stock options outstanding under the Company’s Long-Term Incentive Plan (“LTIP”). During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, 100,000 STIP stock options and 118,461 STIP stock options, respectively were exercised, and no new options were granted. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recognized $176 million and $9.2 million respectively (three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 - $9.5 million and $55.2 million, respectively) of share-based compensation expense for stock options in the statement of loss and comprehensive loss. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 a total of $0.7 million and $4.6 million respectively, was recorded in exploration and evaluation expenses (three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 - $3 million and $30.6 million, respectively). The amount recorded in general and administration expenses for three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $1.0 million and $4.6 million respectively (three and nine months ended September 31, 2021 - $6.4 million and $24.7 million respectively). During the third quarter of 2022, the Company extended the expiry dates of 1,237,329 of its issued stock options in recognition of the continued services provided by the option holders and as a result recorded $0.3 million of share-based compensation expense in general and administrative expenses for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022. Restricted Share Units The details of RSUs granted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 are described below. ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Vesting Period |  | Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine months ended September 30,
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Vesting Immediately | ​ | 8,576 | ​ | — | ​ | 1,721,729 | ​ | —
Vesting in thirds on each anniversary of the grant date |  | 95,238 |  | 56,224 |  | 464,632 |  | 56,224
Vesting in fourths on each anniversary of the grant date |  | — |  | — |  | 527,800 |  | —
Vesting fully on the anniversary of the grant date |  | — |  | — |  | 476,189 |  | —
​ Out of the 1,721,729 units vesting immediately on grant date, 1,072,572 units were issued to settle liabilities with a carrying amount of $1.8 million at a weighted average grant date fair value of $1.75 per RSU. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, an aggregate of nil and 476,189 units respectively were granted to the Company’s non-employee directors under the Company’s Non-employee Director Compensation Policy, which vest upon the Company’s 2023 annual shareholders meeting. The total fair value of units granted as annual grants to the non-employee directors in the first nine months of 2022 amounted to $700,000 ($nil in the first nine months of 2021). During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, a total of 339,007 and 396,691 units respectively were forfeited. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, a total of $1.8 million and $5.7 million respectively (three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 - $35 thousand) was charged to the statement of loss and comprehensive loss as share-based compensation expense for RSUs. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, a total of $0.9 million and $2.8 million respectively, was recorded in exploration and evaluation expenses (three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 - $nil). The amount recorded in general and administration expenses for three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $0.9 million and $3.0 million respectively (three and nine months ended September 30, 2021- $35 thousand). As at September 30, 2022, total unrecognized share-based compensation expense for RSUs was $7.7 million (December 31, 2021 - $12.3 million). As at September 30, 2022, an aggregate of 19,284 vested units were outstanding and due to be converted into common shares. Employee Share Purchase Plan On May 31, 2022, TMC’s 2021 Employee Share Purchase Plan was approved at the Company’s 2022 annual shareholders meeting, including the approval of the issuance of up to 5,254,324 common shares under the ESPP. This included 2,254,324 shares added to the ESPP in January 2022 pursuant to the ESPP’s annual increase provision. As per the annual increase provision on the first day of each of the Company’s fiscal years after 2022, common shares equal to the lesser of (i) 1% percent of the common shares outstanding on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year, or (ii) such lesser number of shares as is determined by the Board of Directors will be added to the ESPP. Participation in the ESPP is available to all full-time and certain part-time employees. The ESPP comprises offering periods that are twenty-four (24) months in length, which begin on approximately every June 1 and December 1. Each offering period includes four purchase periods of six months each, which begin on approximately every June 1 and December 1, or at such other times designated by the Board of Directors or its compensation committee. At the exercise date, which is the last business day of each purchase period, the accumulated deductions from participating employees are used to purchase common shares of the Company. Shares are purchased at a price equal to 85% of the lower of either the share price of the Company’s common shares on the first business day of the particular offering period or the last business day of the purchase period. The plan also has an automatic reset feature wherein, if the share price of the common share on any exercise date is less than the share price of the common share on the first business day of the applicable offering period, then such offering period shall automatically terminate immediately after the purchase of the common shares. In such case, a new offering period shall commence on the first business day following the exercise date. The ESPP includes the following limitations:
| ● | an employee’s contribution is limited to 15% of the employee’s annual gross earnings, not to exceed $25,000 per year,
| ● | an employee’s purchases in any offering period cannot exceed 15,000 common shares, and
| ● | an employee’s purchases are capped, not to exceed 5% of the Company’s total outstanding common shares
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, a total of $39 thousand and $62 thousand respectively was charged to the condensed consolidated statement of loss and comprehensive loss. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, a total of $12 thousand and $21 thousand respectively, was recorded in exploration and evaluation expenses. The amount recorded in general and administration expenses for three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $27 thousand and $41 thousand respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company issued nil and 42,426 common shares respectively to its employees as part of its ESPP program.

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