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Significant Accounting Estimates and Judgements | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Significant Accounting Estimates and Judgements |
Significant Accounting Estimates and Judgements |
4. | Significant Accounting Estimates and Judgements
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets and liabilities, income and expenses. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making the judgments about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates. Significant management judgments and estimates were applied to the following areas: i.Evaluation of Going Concern The Company evaluates its ability to operate as a going concern at each reporting period. This evaluation requires the Company to estimate its cash flow commitments over a forecast period of twelve months and whether it has the financial ability to pay for such commitments. Changes in these estimates and assumptions may have a material impact on this assessment.
| ii. | Valuation of Share-Based Payments
The fair market value of share-based awards granted to employees, non-employees and directors is based on the closing market price of the Company’s shares, on the date these were granted (Note 17). This valuation approach involves the use of estimates, judgments and assumptions that are subjective, such as those regarding the probability of future events. Changes in these estimates and assumptions impact the Company’s valuation as of the valuation date and may have a material impact on the valuation of the Company’s common shares. Changes in these assumptions used to determine the fair value of incentive stock options, including the vesting timeline of granted stock options, could have a material impact on the Company’s loss and comprehensive loss. iii.Valuation of Warrants The Company re-measures the fair value of the Private Warrants at the end of each reporting period (Note 15). The fair value of the Private Warrants was estimated using a Black-Scholes option pricing model whereby the expected volatility was estimated using a binomial model that assigned equal weight to the implied volatility of the Company’s Public Warrants, adjusted for the call feature triggered at prices above $18.00 over 20 trading days within any 30-day period, and the historical volatility of the common share price. During the year the Company issued Class A warrants and Class B warrants (Note 15). The warrants were valued using a Monte Carlo simulation by running 250,000 trials. The model assumed that the Company’s share price follows geometric Brownian motion which is a standard assumption used in Monte Carlo univariate pricing models. The valuation was calculated under a risk-neutral framework using a zero-coupon risk-free interest rate derived from the Treasury Constant Maturities yield curve for a term until the expiry of the Warrants. The Company’s share price was simulated up to the expiration date using a blended volatility, calculated by assigning equal weights to both implied volatility of the Company’s Public Warrants and the historical volatility of the Company’s share price. iv.Valuation of Royalty Liability The Company re-measures the fair value of its royalty liability at each reporting date (Note 9). As NORI is in an advanced exploration stage and pre-production, the fair value of the royalty liability is measured by using a market approach which entails examining recent royalty transactions prior to the reporting date, focusing on those transactions that involve similar metals as contained in NORI’s polymetallic nodules. The Company compares the specific characteristics of these transactions to estimate the fair value of its royalty liability at the reporting date. ​

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