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Post Retirement Benefit Plans (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Oct. 31, 2015
Number of Participants in Defined Benefit Plans | The following table presents the number of participants in the defined benefit plans:
October 31, 2015 |  | Consolidated |  |  | USA |  |  | Germany |  |  | United Kingdom |  |  | Netherlands |  |  | Other International |
Active participants |  |  | 1,869 |  |  |  | 1,509 |  |  |  | 105 |  |  |  | 133 |  |  |  | 74 |  |  |  | 48 |
Vested former employees |  |  | 2,083 |  |  |  | 1,525 |  |  |  | 57 |  |  |  | 399 |  |  |  | 81 |  |  |  | 21 |
Retirees and beneficiaries |  |  | 4,050 |  |  |  | 2,480 |  |  |  | 255 |  |  |  | 718 |  |  |  | 540 |  |  |  | 57 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Other |
October 31, 2014 |  | Consolidated |  |  | USA |  |  | Germany |  |  | United Kingdom |  |  | Netherlands |  |  | International |
Active participants |  |  | 2,131 |  |  |  | 1,772 |  |  |  | 112 |  |  |  | 133 |  |  |  | 66 |  |  |  | 48 |
Vested former employees |  |  | 2,149 |  |  |  | 1,431 |  |  |  | 60 |  |  |  | 399 |  |  |  | 238 |  |  |  | 21 |
Retirees and beneficiaries |  |  | 4,131 |  |  |  | 2,372 |  |  |  | 256 |  |  |  | 718 |  |  |  | 728 |  |  |  | 57 |
Other plan participants |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | — |
Actuarial Assumptions Used to Measure Benefit Obligations and Pension Costs | The actuarial assumptions are used to measure the year-end benefit obligations as of October 31, 2015 and the pension costs for the subsequent year were as follows:
For the year ended October 31, 2015 |  | Consolidated |  |  | United States |  |  | Germany |  |  | United Kingdom |  |  | Netherlands |  |  | Other International |
Discount rate |  |  | 3.71 | % |  |  | 4.37 | % |  |  | 2.10 | % |  |  | 3.45 | % |  |  | 1.98 | % |  |  | 4.82 | %
Expected return on plan assets |  |  | 5.47 | % |  |  | 6.25 | % |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | 6.00 | % |  |  | 2.06 | % |  |  | 5.99 | %
Rate of compensation increase |  |  | 3.01 | % |  |  | 3.00 | % |  |  | 2.75 | % |  |  | 3.50 | % |  |  | 2.25 | % |  |  | N/A |
For the year ended October 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate |  |  | 3.69 | % |  |  | 4.22 | % |  |  | 2.45 | % |  |  | 3.72 | % |  |  | 2.20 | % |  |  | 4.83 | %
Expected return on plan assets |  |  | 5.73 | % |  |  | 6.25 | % |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | 6.25 | % |  |  | 3.25 | % |  |  | 6.09 | %
Rate of compensation increase |  |  | 2.93 | % |  |  | 3.00 | % |  |  | 2.75 | % |  |  | 3.25 | % |  |  | 2.25 | % |  |  | 2.41 | %
For the year ended October 31, 2013 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate |  |  | 4.30 | % |  |  | 4.75 | % |  |  | 3.40 | % |  |  | 4.25 | % |  |  | 3.25 | % |  |  | 5.28 | %
Expected return on plan assets |  |  | 5.70 | % |  |  | 6.00 | % |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | 6.50 | % |  |  | 3.25 | % |  |  | 5.82 | %
Rate of compensation increase |  |  | 2.99 | % |  |  | 3.00 | % |  |  | 2.75 | % |  |  | 3.50 | % |  |  | 2.25 | % |  |  | 2.35 | %
Components of Net Periodic Pension Cost | The components of net periodic pension cost include the following (Dollars in millions):
For the year ended October 31, 2015 |  | Consolidated |  |  | United States |  |  | Germany |  |  | United Kingdom |  |  | Netherlands |  |  | Other International |
Service cost |  | $ | 15.5 |  |  | $ | 11.3 |  |  | $ | 0.5 |  |  | $ | 1.8 |  |  | $ | 1.4 |  |  | $ | 0.5 |
Interest cost |  |  | 27.6 |  |  |  | 17.3 |  |  |  | 0.9 |  |  |  | 6.5 |  |  |  | 2.4 |  |  |  | 0.5 |
Expected return on plan assets |  |  | (32.8 | ) |  |  | (18.7 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (11.4 | ) |  |  | (1.9 | ) |  |  | (0.8 | )
Amortization of prior service cost |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Recognized net actuarial loss |  |  | 14.2 |  |  |  | 10.0 |  |  |  | 0.9 |  |  |  | 2.2 |  |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | 0.3 |
Special Events |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Curtailment |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.2 |
Settlement |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.1 |
Special/contractual terminatio benefits |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.1 |
Net periodic pension (benefit) cost |  | $ | 25.3 |  |  | $ | 20.3 |  |  | $ | 2.3 |  |  | $ | (0.9 | ) |  | $ | 2.7 |  |  | $ | 0.9 |
For the year ended October 31, 2014 |  | Consolidated |  |  | United States |  |  | Germany |  |  | United Kingdom |  |  | Netherlands |  |  | Other International |
Service cost |  | $ | 15.7 |  |  | $ | 10.4 |  |  | $ | 0.6 |  |  | $ | 2.5 |  |  | $ | 1.6 |  |  | $ | 0.6 |
Interest cost |  |  | 29.6 |  |  |  | 16.6 |  |  |  | 1.3 |  |  |  | 7.5 |  |  |  | 3.6 |  |  |  | 0.6 |
Expected return on plan assets |  |  | (33.9 | ) |  |  | (17.4 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (12.6 | ) |  |  | (3.1 | ) |  |  | (0.8 | )
Amortization of prior service cost |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Recognized net actuarial loss |  |  | 10.4 |  |  |  | 6.8 |  |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | 1.9 |  |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | 0.2 |
Net periodic pension (benefit) cost |  | $ | 22.0 |  |  | $ | 16.6 |  |  | $ | 2.6 |  |  | $ | (0.7 | ) |  | $ | 2.9 |  |  | $ | 0.6 |
For the year ended October 31, 2013 |  | Consolidated |  |  | United States |  |  | Germany |  |  | United Kingdom |  |  | Netherlands |  |  | Other International |
Service cost |  | $ | 16.7 |  |  | $ | 11.5 |  |  | $ | 0.6 |  |  | $ | 2.9 |  |  | $ | 1.2 |  |  | $ | 0.5 |
Interest cost |  |  | 27.6 |  |  |  | 15.9 |  |  |  | 1.2 |  |  |  | 6.5 |  |  |  | 3.3 |  |  |  | 0.7 |
Expected return on plan assets |  |  | (32.1 | ) |  |  | (16.4 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (11.7 | ) |  |  | (3.2 | ) |  |  | (0.8 | )
Amortization of prior service cost |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.1 |
Recognized net actuarial loss |  |  | 16.4 |  |  |  | 13.6 |  |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 1.3 |  |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 0.3 |
Net periodic pension (benefit) cost |  | $ | 29.2 |  |  | $ | 25.1 |  |  | $ | 2.4 |  |  | $ | (1.0 | ) |  | $ | 1.9 |  |  | $ | 0.8 |
Benefit Obligations in Excess of Plan Assets | The following tables set forth the PBO, ABO, plan assets and instances where the ABO exceeds the plan assets for the respective years (Dollars in millions):
Actuarial value of benefit obligations |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Consolidated |  |  | USA |  |  | Germany |  |  | United Kingdom |  |  | Netherlands |  |  | Other International |
October 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Projected benefit obligation |  | $ | 765.8 |  |  | $ | 432.1 |  |  | $ | 38.7 |  |  | $ | 184.0 |  |  | $ | 100.8 |  |  | $ | 10.2 |
Accumulated benefit obligation |  |  | 739.9 |  |  |  | 409.8 |  |  |  | 35.9 |  |  |  | 184.0 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  |  |  | 10.2 |
Plan assets |  |  | 624.7 |  |  |  | 311.1 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 208.4 |  |  |  | 92.7 |  |  |  | 12.5 |
October 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Projected benefit obligation |  | $ | 786.9 |  |  | $ | 419.6 |  |  | $ | 41.9 |  |  | $ | 186.9 |  |  | $ | 123.6 |  |  | $ | 14.9 |
Accumulated benefit obligation |  |  | 752.5 |  |  |  | 393.2 |  |  |  | 38.9 |  |  |  | 184.9 |  |  |  | 122.0 |  |  |  | 13.5 |
Plan assets |  |  | 650.8 |  |  |  | 325.6 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 202.7 |  |  |  | 107.8 |  |  |  | 14.7 |
Plans with ABO in excess of Plan assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
October 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accumulated benefit obligation |  | $ | 546.5 |  |  | $ | 409.8 |  |  | $ | 35.9 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 100.0 |  |  | $ | 0.8 |
Plan assets |  |  | 404.4 |  |  |  | 311.1 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 92.7 |  |  |  | 0.6 |
October 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accumulated benefit obligation |  | $ | 567.6 |  |  | $ | 393.2 |  |  | $ | 38.9 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 122.0 |  |  | $ | 13.5 |
Plan assets |  | $ | 445.2 |  |  |  | 325.6 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 107.9 |  |  |  | 11.7 |
Future Benefit Payments Next Five Years and Thereafter | Future benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, during the next five years, and in the aggregate for the five years thereafter, are as follows (Dollars in millions):
Year |  | Expected benefit payments |
2016 |  | $ | 41.6 |
2017 |  | $ | 41.5 |
2018 |  | $ | 42.5 |
2019 |  | $ | 44.2 |
2020 |  | $ | 44.7 |
2021-2025 |  | $ | 237.1 |
Weighted Average Asset Allocations at Measurement Date and Target Asset Allocations | The Company’s weighted average asset allocations at the measurement date and the target asset allocations by category are as follows:
Asset Category |  | 2015 Target |  |  | 2015 Actual |  |  | 2014 Target |  |  | 2014 Actual |
Equity securities |  |  | 23 | % |  |  | 28 | % |  |  | 24 | % |  |  | 28 | %
Debt securities |  |  | 51 | % |  |  | 40 | % |  |  | 49 | % |  |  | 39 | %
Other |  |  | 26 | % |  |  | 32 | % |  |  | 27 | % |  |  | 33 | %
Total |  |  | 100 | % |  |  | 100 | % |  |  | 100 | % |  |  | 100 | %
Fair Value Measurements for Pension Assets | The following table presents the fair value measurements for the pension assets:
As of October 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Asset Category |  | Fair Value Measurement |
|  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |  |  | Total |
Mutual funds |  | $ | 124.4 |  |  | $ | 161.2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 285.6 |
Common stock |  |  | 26.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 26.7 |
Cash |  |  | 20.0 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 20.0 |
Money market fund |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.6 |
Common collective trusts |  |  | — |  |  |  | 128.3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 128.3 |
Corporate bonds |  |  | — |  |  |  | 19.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 19.7 |
Government bonds |  |  | — |  |  |  | 10.0 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 10.0 |
Insurance Annuity |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 130.2 |  |  |  | 130.2 |
Other assets |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3.6 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3.6 |
Total |  | $ | 171.7 |  |  | $ | 322.8 |  |  | $ | 130.2 |  |  | $ | 624.7 |
As of October 31, 2014 (Dollars in millions) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Asset Category |  | Fair Value Measurement |
|  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |  |  | Total |
Mutual funds |  | $ | 143.0 |  |  | $ | 160.4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 303.4 |
Common stock |  |  | 31.0 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 31.0 |
Cash |  |  | 13.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 13.7 |
Money market fund |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.2 |
Common collective trusts |  |  | — |  |  |  | 132.5 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 132.5 |
Government Bonds |  |  | — |  |  |  | 15.6 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 15.6 |
Corporate bonds |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3.1 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3.1 |
Other assets |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.2 |
Insurance Annuity |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 151.1 |  |  |  | 151.1 |
Total |  | $ | 187.9 |  |  | $ | 311.8 |  |  | $ | 151.1 |  |  | $ | 650.8 |
Amounts Recognized in Consolidated Financial Statements | Financial statement presentation including other comprehensive income:
As of October 31, 2015 |  | Consolidated |  |  | USA |  |  | Germany |  |  | United Kingdom |  |  | Netherlands |  |  | Other International |
Unrecognized net actuarial loss |  | $ | 192.1 |  |  | $ | 126.6 |  |  | $ | 15.9 |  |  | $ | 32.9 |  |  | $ | 14.9 |  |  | $ | 1.8 |
Unrecognized prior service cost |  |  | (3.4 | ) |  |  | (1.8 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1.6 | ) |  |  | — |
Unrecognized initial net obligation |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (Pre-tax) |  | $ | 188.7 |  |  | $ | 124.8 |  |  | $ | 15.9 |  |  | $ | 32.9 |  |  | $ | 13.3 |  |  | $ | 1.8 |
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Prepaid benefit cost |  | $ | 26.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 24.4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2.3 |
Accrued benefit liability |  |  | (167.8 | ) |  |  | (121.0 | ) |  |  | (38.6 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (8.2 | ) |  |  | — |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  |  | 188.6 |  |  |  | 124.8 |  |  |  | 15.9 |  |  |  | 32.9 |  |  |  | 13.2 |  |  |  | 1.8 |
Net amount recognized |  | $ | 47.5 |  |  | $ | 3.8 |  |  | $ | (22.7 | ) |  | $ | 57.3 |  |  | $ | 5.0 |  |  | $ | 4.1 |
As of October 31, 2014 |  | Consolidated |  |  | USA |  |  | Germany |  |  | United Kingdom |  |  | Netherlands |  |  | Other International |
Unrecognized net actuarial loss |  | $ | 198.5 |  |  | $ | 110.1 |  |  | $ | 16.8 |  |  | $ | 41.1 |  |  | $ | 25.4 |  |  | $ | 5.1 |
Unrecognized prior service cost |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.9 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.9 | ) |  |  | — |
Unrecognized initial net obligation |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.3 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (Pre-tax) |  | $ | 198.8 |  |  | $ | 111.0 |  |  | $ | 16.8 |  |  | $ | 41.1 |  |  | $ | 24.5 |  |  | $ | 5.4 |
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Prepaid benefit cost |  | $ | 18.6 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 15.8 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2.8 |
Accrued benefit liability |  |  | (154.6 | ) |  |  | (94.0 | ) |  |  | (41.8 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (15.7 | ) |  |  | (3.1 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  |  | 198.8 |  |  |  | 111.0 |  |  |  | 16.8 |  |  |  | 41.1 |  |  |  | 24.5 |  |  |  | 5.4 |
Net amount recognized |  | $ | 62.8 |  |  | $ | 17.0 |  |  | $ | (25.0 | ) |  | $ | 56.9 |  |  | $ | 8.8 |  |  | $ | 5.1 |
|  | October 31, 2015 |  |  | October 31, 2014 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at beginning of year |  | $ | 198.8 |  |  | $ | 149.6 |
Increase or (decrease) in accumulated other comprehensive (income) or loss |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net transition obligation amortized during fiscal year |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | (0.1 | )
Net prior service costs amortized during fiscal year |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | (0.2 | )
Net loss amortized during fiscal year |  |  | (14.2 | ) |  |  | (10.4 | )
Prior service cost recognized during fiscal year due to curtailment |  |  | (0.3 | ) |  |  | — |
Transition obligation recognized during fiscal year due to curtailment |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  |  | — |
Loss recognized during fiscal year due to settlement |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | — |
Prior service credit occurring during fiscal year |  |  | (3.2 | ) |  |  | (0.5 | )
Liability loss occurring during fiscal year |  |  | 8.4 |  |  |  | 92.8 |
Asset loss (gain) occurring during fiscal year |  |  | 7.5 |  |  |  | (28.6 | )
Increase (decrease) in accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | $ | (2.3 | ) |  | $ | 53.0 |
Foreign currency impact |  |  | (7.9 | ) |  |  | (3.8 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive (income) or loss at current fiscal year end |  | $ | 188.6 |  |  | $ | 198.8 |
Components of Net Periodic Cost for Postretirement Benefits | The components of net periodic cost for the postretirement benefits include the following (Dollars in millions):
For the years ended October 31, |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |  |  | 2013 |
Service cost |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Interest cost |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | 0.8 |
Amortization of prior service cost |  |  | (1.5 | ) |  |  | (1.6 | ) |  |  | (1.5 | )
Recognized net actuarial gain |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Net periodic income |  | $ | (0.9 | ) |  | $ | (0.8 | ) |  | $ | (0.7 | )
Schedule of Plan's Change in Benefit Obligation | The following table sets forth the plans’ change in benefit obligation (Dollars in millions):
|  | October 31, 2015 |  |  | October 31, 2014 |
Benefit obligation at beginning of year |  | $ | 17.3 |  |  | $ | 18.5 |
Service cost |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Interest cost |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | 0.8 |
Actuarial loss |  |  | (1.0 | ) |  |  | (0.5 | )
Foreign currency effect |  |  | (0.6 | ) |  |  | (0.3 | )
Benefits paid |  |  | (1.5 | ) |  |  | (1.2 | )
Benefit obligation at end of year |  | $ | 14.9 |  |  | $ | 17.3 |
Schedule of Other Comprehensive Income Included in Financial Statement | Financial statement presentation included other comprehensive income (Dollars in millions):
|  | October 31, 2015 |  |  | October 31, 2014 |
Unrecognized net actuarial gain |  | $ | 1.6 |  |  | $ | 0.8 |
Unrecognized prior service credit |  |  | 5.8 |  |  |  | 7.4 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income |  | $ | 7.4 |  |  | $ | 8.2 |
Summary of Healthcare Cost Trend Rates on Gross Eligible Charges | The healthcare cost trend rates on gross eligible charges are as follows:
|  | Medical |
Current trend rate |  |  | 7.2 | %
Ultimate trend rate |  |  | 5.2 | %
Year ultimate trend rate reached (South Africa) |  |  | 2017 |
Year ultimate trend rate reached (US) |  |  | 2026 |
Effect of One-Percentage Point Change in Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates | A one-percentage point change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects (Dollars in thousands):
|  | 1-Percentage-Point Increase |  |  | 1-Percentage-Point Decrease |
Effect on total of service and interest cost components |  | $ | 34 |  |  | $ | (29 | )
Effect on postretirement benefit obligation |  | $ | 361 |  |  | $ | (309 | )
Postretirement Health Care and Life Insurance Benefits [Member] |
Number of Participants in Defined Benefit Plans | The following table presents the number of participants in the post-retirement health and life insurance benefit plan:
October 31, 2015 |  | Consolidated |  |  | USA |  |  | South Africa |
Active participants |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | 13 |
Vested former employees |  |  | 0 |  |  |  | 0 |  |  |  | 0 |
Retirees and beneficiaries |  |  | 757 |  |  |  | 667 |  |  |  | 90 |
Other plan participants |  |  | 0 |  |  |  | 0 |  |  |  |  |
October 31, 2014 |  | Consolidated |  |  | USA |  |  | South Africa |
Active participants |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | 13 |
Vested former employees |  |  | 0 |  |  |  | 0 |  |  |  | 0 |
Retirees and beneficiaries |  |  | 779 |  |  |  | 683 |  |  |  | 96 |
Other plan participants |  |  | 0 |  |  |  | 0 |  |  |  | 0 |
Actuarial Assumptions Used to Measure Benefit Obligations and Pension Costs | The discount rate actuarial assumptions at October 31 are used to measure the year-end benefit obligations and the pension costs for the subsequent year were as follows:
|  | Consolidated |  |  | United States |  |  | South Africa |
For the year ended October 31, 2015 |  |  | 4.65 | % |  |  | 3.88 | % |  |  | 9.20 | %
For the year ended October 31, 2014 |  |  | 4.45 | % |  |  | 3.70 | % |  |  | 8.20 | %
Future Benefit Payments Next Five Years and Thereafter | Future benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, during the next five years, and in the aggregate for the five years thereafter, are as follows (Dollars in millions):
Year |  | Expected benefit payments |
2016 |  | $ | 1.5 |
2017 |  | $ | 1.4 |
2018 |  | $ | 1.3 |
2019 |  | $ | 1.2 |
2020 |  | $ | 1.2 |
2021-2025 |  | $ | 5.3 |
Pension Plans, Defined Benefit [Member] |
Change in Projected Benefit Obligation | The following table sets forth the plans’ change in projected benefit obligation (Dollars in millions):
For the year ended October 31, 2015 |  | Consolidated |  |  | USA |  |  | Germany |  |  | United Kingdom |  |  | Netherlands |  |  | Other International |
Change in benefit obligation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Benefit obligation at beginning of year |  | $ | 786.9 |  |  | $ | 419.6 |  |  | $ | 41.9 |  |  | $ | 186.9 |  |  | $ | 123.6 |  |  | $ | 14.9 |
Service cost |  |  | 15.5 |  |  |  | 11.3 |  |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |  | 1.8 |  |  |  | 1.4 |  |  |  | 0.5 |
Interest cost |  |  | 27.6 |  |  |  | 17.3 |  |  |  | 0.9 |  |  |  | 6.5 |  |  |  | 2.4 |  |  |  | 0.5 |
Plan participant contributions |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | — |
Expenses paid from assets |  |  | (2.7 | ) |  |  | (2.1 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.7 | ) |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | (0.1 | )
Plan Amendments |  |  | (3.3 | ) |  |  | (2.3 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1.0 | ) |  |  | — |
Actuarial (gain) loss |  |  | 15.7 |  |  |  | 9.1 |  |  |  | 2.2 |  |  |  | 9.0 |  |  |  | (4.6 | ) |  |  | — |
Foreign currency effect |  |  | (33.7 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (5.6 | ) |  |  | (9.7 | ) |  |  | (16.2 | ) |  |  | (2.2 | )
Benefits paid |  |  | (33.0 | ) |  |  | (18.4 | ) |  |  | (1.2 | ) |  |  | (7.3 | ) |  |  | (5.2 | ) |  |  | (0.9 | )
Curtailments |  |  | (7.2 | ) |  |  | (2.1 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (2.5 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (2.6 | )
Other |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  |  | (0.3 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.1 |
Benefit obligation at end of year |  | $ | 765.8 |  |  | $ | 432.1 |  |  | $ | 38.7 |  |  | $ | 184.0 |  |  | $ | 100.8 |  |  | $ | 10.2 |
For the year ended October 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in benefit obligation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Benefit obligation at beginning of year |  | $ | 703.8 |  |  | $ | 358.7 |  |  | $ | 39.0 |  |  | $ | 174.9 |  |  | $ | 116.9 |  |  | $ | 14.3 |
Service cost |  |  | 15.7 |  |  |  | 10.4 |  |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 2.5 |  |  |  | 1.6 |  |  |  | 0.6 |
Interest cost |  |  | 29.6 |  |  |  | 16.6 |  |  |  | 1.3 |  |  |  | 7.5 |  |  |  | 3.6 |  |  |  | 0.6 |
Plan participant contributions |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | — |
Expenses paid from assets |  |  | (2.5 | ) |  |  | (1.2 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1.1 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.2 | )
Plan amendments |  |  | (0.5 | ) |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.9 | ) |  |  | — |
Actuarial loss |  |  | 92.8 |  |  |  | 51.4 |  |  |  | 5.7 |  |  |  | 15.9 |  |  |  | 18.1 |  |  |  | 1.7 |
Foreign currency effect |  |  | (14.6 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3.3 | ) |  |  | (0.4 | ) |  |  | (9.9 | ) |  |  | (1.0 | )
Benefits paid |  |  | (37.7 | ) |  |  | (16.7 | ) |  |  | (1.4 | ) |  |  | (12.4 | ) |  |  | (6.1 | ) |  |  | (1.1 | )
Benefit obligation at end of year |  | $ | 786.9 |  |  | $ | 419.6 |  |  | $ | 41.9 |  |  | $ | 186.9 |  |  | $ | 123.6 |  |  | $ | 14.9 |
Fair Value Measurements for Pension Assets | The fair value of the pension plans’ investments is presented below. The inputs and valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of the assets are consistently applied and described in Note 10.
For the year ended October 31, 2015 |  | Consolidated |  |  | USA |  |  | Germany |  |  | United Kingdom |  |  | Netherlands |  |  | Other International |
Change in plan assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year |  | $ | 650.8 |  |  | $ | 325.6 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 202.7 |  |  | $ | 107.8 |  |  | $ | 14.7 |
Actual return on plan assets |  |  | 25.4 |  |  |  | (0.9 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 21.8 |  |  |  | 3.9 |  |  |  | 0.6 |
Expenses paid |  |  | (2.7 | ) |  |  | (2.1 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.7 | ) |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | (0.1 | )
Plan participant contributions |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | — |
Foreign currency impact |  |  | (27.3 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (10.6 | ) |  |  | (14.2 | ) |  |  | (2.5 | )
Employer contributions |  |  | 8.2 |  |  |  | 5.0 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2.5 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.7 |
Benefits paid |  |  | (29.9 | ) |  |  | (16.5 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (7.3 | ) |  |  | (5.2 | ) |  |  | (0.9 | )
Fair value of plan assets at end of year |  | $ | 624.7 |  |  | $ | 311.1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 208.4 |  |  | $ | 92.7 |  |  | $ | 12.5 |
For the year ended October 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in plan assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year |  | $ | 621.2 |  |  | $ | 301.8 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 198.9 |  |  | $ | 106.5 |  |  | $ | 14.0 |
Actual return on plan assets |  |  | 62.6 |  |  |  | 29.8 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 15.7 |  |  |  | 15.8 |  |  |  | 1.3 |
Expenses paid |  |  | (2.5 | ) |  |  | (1.2 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1.1 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.2 | )
Plan participant contributions |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | — |
Foreign currency impact |  |  | (10.0 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.3 | ) |  |  | (8.7 | ) |  |  | (1.0 | )
Employer contributions |  |  | 15.5 |  |  |  | 11.9 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1.9 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1.7 |
Benefits paid |  |  | (36.3 | ) |  |  | (16.7 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (12.4 | ) |  |  | (6.1 | ) |  |  | (1.1 | )
Fair value of plan assets at end of year |  | $ | 650.8 |  |  | $ | 325.6 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 202.7 |  |  | $ | 107.8 |  |  | $ | 14.7 |
Level 3 [Member] |
Reconciliation of Beginning and Ending Balances of Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs | The following table presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). There have been no transfers in or out of level 3:
|  | Pension Plan |
(Dollars in millions) |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |
Balance at beginning of year |  | $ | 151.1 |  |  | $ | 96.6 |
Actual return on plan assets held at reporting date: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets still held at reporting date |  |  | 7.1 |  |  |  | 15.9 |
Plan participant contributions |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.3 |
Net purchases (settlements) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 47.0 |
Transfers |  |  | (3.4 | ) |  |  | — |
Currency impact |  |  | (24.6 | ) |  |  | (8.7 | )
Balance at end of year |  | $ | 130.2 |  |  | $ | 151.1 |

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