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Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure, Table | The following table reports (i) the “total compensation” of our chief executive officer, or our Principal Executive Officer, or PEO, and our other named executive officers, or Other NEOs, as set forth above under “Executive Compensation—Summary Compensation Table” or the SCT Amounts, (ii) the “compensation actually paid”, or CAP Amounts, to our PEO and Other NEOs as calculated pursuant to the SEC’s pay-versus performance rules, (iii) certain financial and other performance measures and (iv) the relationship of the CAP Amounts to those financial performance measurers. This disclosure has been prepared in accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act and does not necessarily reflect value actually realized by the executives or how our compensation committee evaluates compensation decisions in light of company or individual performance. The CAP Amounts included in the table below reflect a new measure of compensation which is a combined realizable and realized pay measure predicated on fair value. The grant date fair values included in the SCT Amounts have been replaced with fair values reflecting the change in value of equity awards during the fiscal year. The calculations do not reflect the actual sale of stock underlying equity awards or the exercise of stock options by the applicable executive. For discussion of how our compensation committee seeks to align pay with performance when making compensation decisions, please see the “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” section of this proxy statement beginning on page 27.
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Value of Initial Fixed $100 Based On |  |  |  |  |
Fiscal Year (a) | Summary Compensation Table Total for PEO (1) (b) |  | Compensation Actually Paid to PEO (2) (c) |  | Average Summary Compensation Table Total for Other NEOs (1) (d) |  | Average Compensation Actually Paid to Other NEOs (2) (e) |  | Total Shareholder Return (f) |  | Peer Group Total Shareholder Return (3) (g) |  | Net Loss (000's) (h) |  | Company Selected Measure Product Revenue, Net (000's) (i) |
2023 |  | 10,373,049 |  |  | 14,853,049 |  |  | 4,191,957 |  |  | 5,459,250 |  |  | 195.49 |  |  | 118.87 |  |  | (528,628 | ) |  | 366,281 |
2022 |  | 9,203,556 |  |  | 13,664,397 |  |  | 2,832,119 |  |  | 4,595,545 |  |  | 168.88 |  |  | 113.65 |  |  | (652,172 | ) |  | 65,092 |
2021 |  | 9,122,039 |  |  | 1,957,912 |  |  | 2,745,212 |  |  | 455,206 |  |  | 154.41 |  |  | 126.45 |  |  | (746,354 | ) |  | 15,147 |
2020 |  | 9,275,425 |  |  | 17,702,962 |  |  | 3,081,598 |  |  | 6,312,770 |  |  | 186.81 |  |  | 126.42 |  |  | (344,874 | ) |  | — |
(1) Our PEO and Other NEOs for each of these fiscal years are shown below.
Fiscal Year | PEO | Other NEOs
2023 | Cedric Francois, M.D., Ph.D. | Timothy Sullivan, Caroline Baumal M.D., David Watson, Adam Townsend
2022 | Cedric Francois, M.D., Ph.D. | Timothy Sullivan, Pascal Deschatelets, Ph.D., David Watson, Adam Townsend
2021 | Cedric Francois, M.D., Ph.D. | Timothy Sullivan, Pascal Deschatelets, Ph.D., Federico Grossi, M.D., Ph.D., Adam Townsend
2020 | Cedric Francois, M.D., Ph.D. | Timothy Sullivan, Pascal Deschatelets, Ph.D., Nur Nicholson, Adam Townsend
(2) The following table summarizes the adjustments made in accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K in order to calculate the CAP Amounts from the SCT Amounts. The SCT Amounts and the CAP Amounts do not reflect the actual amount of compensation earned by or paid to our executives during the applicable years, but rather are amounts determined in accordance with Item 402 of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act. No awards vested in the year that they were granted.
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |
| PEO |  | Average Other NEOs |  | PEO |  | Average Other NEOs |  | PEO |  | Average Other NEOs |  | PEO |  | Average Other NEOs |
Total Compensation from Summary Compensation Table | $ | 10,373,049 |  | $ | 4,191,957 |  | $ | 9,203,556 |  | $ | 2,832,119 |  | $ | 9,122,039 |  | $ | 2,745,212 |  | $ | 9,275,425 |  | $ | 3,081,598 |
Adjustments for Equity Awards |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Adjustment for grant date values in the Summary Compensation Table | $ | (8,936,692 | ) | $ | (3,357,184 | ) | $ | (8,004,942 | ) | $ | (2,136,764 | ) | $ | (8,152,500 | ) | $ | (2,140,032 | ) | $ | (8,226,969 | ) | $ | (2,483,345 | )
Year-end fair value of unvested awards granted in the current year | $ | 10,388,775 |  | $ | 3,934,883 |  | $ | 11,854,186 |  | $ | 3,706,967 |  | $ | 5,711,805 |  | $ | 1,713,541 |  | $ | 10,147,631 |  | $ | 3,485,927 |
Year-over-year difference of year-end fair values for unvested awards granted in prior years | $ | 2,015,403 |  | $ | 468,685 |  | $ | 595,154 |  | $ | 167,358 |  | $ | (2,200,097 | ) | $ | (810,151 | ) | $ | 5,283,111 |  | $ | 1,905,999 |
Fair values at vest date for awards granted and vested in current year | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Difference in fair values between prior year-end fair values and vest date fair values for awards granted in prior years | $ | 1,012,513 |  | $ | 220,908 |  | $ | 16,443 |  | $ | 25,866 |  | $ | (2,523,336 | ) | $ | (1,053,364 | ) | $ | 1,223,765 |  | $ | 322,591 |
Forfeitures during current year equal to prior year-end fair value | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Total Adjustments for Equity Awards | $ | 4,480,000 |  | $ | 1,267,293 |  | $ | 4,460,841 |  | $ | 1,763,427 |  | $ | (7,164,127 | ) | $ | (2,290,006 | ) | $ | 8,427,537 |  | $ | 3,231,172 |
Compensation Actually Paid (as calculated) | $ | 14,853,049 |  | $ | 5,459,250 |  | $ | 13,664,397 |  | $ | 4,595,545 |  | $ | 1,957,912 |  | $ | 455,206 |  | $ | 17,702,962 |  | $ | 6,312,770 |
(3) Reflects cumulative TSR of the NASDAQ Biotechnology Index. |  |  |
Company Selected Measure Name | Company Selected |  |  |
Named Executive Officers, Footnote | (1) Our PEO and Other NEOs for each of these fiscal years are shown below.
Fiscal Year | PEO | Other NEOs
2023 | Cedric Francois, M.D., Ph.D. | Timothy Sullivan, Caroline Baumal M.D., David Watson, Adam Townsend
2022 | Cedric Francois, M.D., Ph.D. | Timothy Sullivan, Pascal Deschatelets, Ph.D., David Watson, Adam Townsend
2021 | Cedric Francois, M.D., Ph.D. | Timothy Sullivan, Pascal Deschatelets, Ph.D., Federico Grossi, M.D., Ph.D., Adam Townsend
2020 | Cedric Francois, M.D., Ph.D. | Timothy Sullivan, Pascal Deschatelets, Ph.D., Nur Nicholson, Adam Townsend
Peer Group Issuers, Footnote | (3) Reflects cumulative TSR of the NASDAQ Biotechnology Index. |  |  |
PEO Total Compensation Amount | $ 10,373,049 | $ 9,203,556 | $ 9,122,039 | $ 9,275,425
PEO Actually Paid Compensation Amount | $ 14,853,049 | 13,664,397 | 1,957,912 | 17,702,962
Adjustment To PEO Compensation, Footnote | (2) The following table summarizes the adjustments made in accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K in order to calculate the CAP Amounts from the SCT Amounts. The SCT Amounts and the CAP Amounts do not reflect the actual amount of compensation earned by or paid to our executives during the applicable years, but rather are amounts determined in accordance with Item 402 of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act. No awards vested in the year that they were granted.
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |
| PEO |  | Average Other NEOs |  | PEO |  | Average Other NEOs |  | PEO |  | Average Other NEOs |  | PEO |  | Average Other NEOs |
Total Compensation from Summary Compensation Table | $ | 10,373,049 |  | $ | 4,191,957 |  | $ | 9,203,556 |  | $ | 2,832,119 |  | $ | 9,122,039 |  | $ | 2,745,212 |  | $ | 9,275,425 |  | $ | 3,081,598 |
Adjustments for Equity Awards |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Adjustment for grant date values in the Summary Compensation Table | $ | (8,936,692 | ) | $ | (3,357,184 | ) | $ | (8,004,942 | ) | $ | (2,136,764 | ) | $ | (8,152,500 | ) | $ | (2,140,032 | ) | $ | (8,226,969 | ) | $ | (2,483,345 | )
Year-end fair value of unvested awards granted in the current year | $ | 10,388,775 |  | $ | 3,934,883 |  | $ | 11,854,186 |  | $ | 3,706,967 |  | $ | 5,711,805 |  | $ | 1,713,541 |  | $ | 10,147,631 |  | $ | 3,485,927 |
Year-over-year difference of year-end fair values for unvested awards granted in prior years | $ | 2,015,403 |  | $ | 468,685 |  | $ | 595,154 |  | $ | 167,358 |  | $ | (2,200,097 | ) | $ | (810,151 | ) | $ | 5,283,111 |  | $ | 1,905,999 |
Fair values at vest date for awards granted and vested in current year | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Difference in fair values between prior year-end fair values and vest date fair values for awards granted in prior years | $ | 1,012,513 |  | $ | 220,908 |  | $ | 16,443 |  | $ | 25,866 |  | $ | (2,523,336 | ) | $ | (1,053,364 | ) | $ | 1,223,765 |  | $ | 322,591 |
Forfeitures during current year equal to prior year-end fair value | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Total Adjustments for Equity Awards | $ | 4,480,000 |  | $ | 1,267,293 |  | $ | 4,460,841 |  | $ | 1,763,427 |  | $ | (7,164,127 | ) | $ | (2,290,006 | ) | $ | 8,427,537 |  | $ | 3,231,172 |
Compensation Actually Paid (as calculated) | $ | 14,853,049 |  | $ | 5,459,250 |  | $ | 13,664,397 |  | $ | 4,595,545 |  | $ | 1,957,912 |  | $ | 455,206 |  | $ | 17,702,962 |  | $ | 6,312,770 |
Non-PEO NEO Average Total Compensation Amount | $ 4,191,957 | 2,832,119 | 2,745,212 | 3,081,598
Non-PEO NEO Average Compensation Actually Paid Amount | $ 5,459,250 | 4,595,545 | 455,206 | 6,312,770
Adjustment to Non-PEO NEO Compensation Footnote | (2) The following table summarizes the adjustments made in accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K in order to calculate the CAP Amounts from the SCT Amounts. The SCT Amounts and the CAP Amounts do not reflect the actual amount of compensation earned by or paid to our executives during the applicable years, but rather are amounts determined in accordance with Item 402 of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act. No awards vested in the year that they were granted.
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |
| PEO |  | Average Other NEOs |  | PEO |  | Average Other NEOs |  | PEO |  | Average Other NEOs |  | PEO |  | Average Other NEOs |
Total Compensation from Summary Compensation Table | $ | 10,373,049 |  | $ | 4,191,957 |  | $ | 9,203,556 |  | $ | 2,832,119 |  | $ | 9,122,039 |  | $ | 2,745,212 |  | $ | 9,275,425 |  | $ | 3,081,598 |
Adjustments for Equity Awards |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Adjustment for grant date values in the Summary Compensation Table | $ | (8,936,692 | ) | $ | (3,357,184 | ) | $ | (8,004,942 | ) | $ | (2,136,764 | ) | $ | (8,152,500 | ) | $ | (2,140,032 | ) | $ | (8,226,969 | ) | $ | (2,483,345 | )
Year-end fair value of unvested awards granted in the current year | $ | 10,388,775 |  | $ | 3,934,883 |  | $ | 11,854,186 |  | $ | 3,706,967 |  | $ | 5,711,805 |  | $ | 1,713,541 |  | $ | 10,147,631 |  | $ | 3,485,927 |
Year-over-year difference of year-end fair values for unvested awards granted in prior years | $ | 2,015,403 |  | $ | 468,685 |  | $ | 595,154 |  | $ | 167,358 |  | $ | (2,200,097 | ) | $ | (810,151 | ) | $ | 5,283,111 |  | $ | 1,905,999 |
Fair values at vest date for awards granted and vested in current year | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Difference in fair values between prior year-end fair values and vest date fair values for awards granted in prior years | $ | 1,012,513 |  | $ | 220,908 |  | $ | 16,443 |  | $ | 25,866 |  | $ | (2,523,336 | ) | $ | (1,053,364 | ) | $ | 1,223,765 |  | $ | 322,591 |
Forfeitures during current year equal to prior year-end fair value | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Total Adjustments for Equity Awards | $ | 4,480,000 |  | $ | 1,267,293 |  | $ | 4,460,841 |  | $ | 1,763,427 |  | $ | (7,164,127 | ) | $ | (2,290,006 | ) | $ | 8,427,537 |  | $ | 3,231,172 |
Compensation Actually Paid (as calculated) | $ | 14,853,049 |  | $ | 5,459,250 |  | $ | 13,664,397 |  | $ | 4,595,545 |  | $ | 1,957,912 |  | $ | 455,206 |  | $ | 17,702,962 |  | $ | 6,312,770 |
Compensation Actually Paid vs. Total Shareholder Return | The graph below illustrates the relationship between the CAP Amounts for our PEO and Other NEOs as compared to the TSR of our common stock for the indicated fiscal years. |  |  |
Compensation Actually Paid vs. Net Income | The graph below presents the relationship between the CAP Amounts for our PEO and Other NEOs and our net loss for the indicated fiscal years. |  |  |
Compensation Actually Paid vs. Company Selected Measure | The graph below presents the relationship between the CAP Amounts for our PEO and Other NEOs and our Product Revenue for the indicated fiscal years: |  |  |
Total Shareholder Return Vs Peer Group | The graph below presents the relationship between our cumulative TSR and that of our peer group (NASDAQ Biotechnology Index) for the indicated fiscal years: |  |  |
Tabular List, Table | The following table identifies four financial and non-financial performance measures that, in our assessment, represent the most important performance measures we used to link the CAP Amounts for our NEOs for 2023 (our most recently completed fiscal year), to company performance. Of these measures, we have identified Product Revenue, Net as the most important of our financial performance measures used to link CAP Amounts for our executives for 2023 to Company performance. • Product Revenue, Net • Advancement of Pipeline Candidates • Regulatory Approvals • Operational Effectiveness Objectives |  |  |
Total Shareholder Return Amount | $ 195.49 | 168.88 | 154.41 | 186.81
Peer Group Total Shareholder Return Amount | 118.87 | 113.65 | 126.45 | 126.42
Net Income (Loss) | $ (528,628,000) | $ (652,172,000) | $ (746,354,000) | $ (344,874,000)
Company Selected Measure Amount | 366,281,000 | 65,092,000 | 15,147,000 |
PEO Name | Cedric Francois, M.D., Ph.D. | Cedric Francois, M.D., Ph.D. | Cedric Francois, M.D., Ph.D. | Cedric Francois, M.D., Ph.D.
Non Peo Name | Timothy Sullivan, Caroline Baumal M.D., David Watson, Adam Townsend | Timothy Sullivan, Pascal Deschatelets, Ph.D., David Watson, Adam Townsend | Timothy Sullivan, Pascal Deschatelets, Ph.D., Federico Grossi, M.D., Ph.D., Adam Townsend | Timothy Sullivan, Pascal Deschatelets, Ph.D., Nur Nicholson, Adam Townsend
Measure:: 1 |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |
Name | Product Revenue, Net |  |  |
Measure:: 2 |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |
Name | Advancement of Pipeline Candidates |  |  |
Measure:: 3 |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |
Name | Regulatory Approvals |  |  |
Measure:: 4 |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |
Name | Operational Effectiveness Objectives |  |  |
PEO | Adjustment for Grant Date Values in the Summary Compensation Table |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | $ (8,936,692) | $ (8,004,942) | $ (8,152,500) | $ (8,226,969)
PEO | Year-End Fair Value of Unvested Awards Granted in the Current Year |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | 10,388,775 | 11,854,186 | 5,711,805 | 10,147,631
PEO | Year-Over-Year Difference of Year-End Fair Values for Unvested Awards Granted in Prior Years |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | 2,015,403 | 595,154 | (2,200,097) | 5,283,111
PEO | Difference in Fair Values Betweenprior Year-end Fair Values and Vest Date Fair Values for Awards Granted in Prior Years |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | 1,012,513 | 16,443 | (2,523,336) | 1,223,765
PEO | Total Adjustments for Equity Awards |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | 4,480,000 | 4,460,841 | (7,164,127) | 8,427,537
Non-PEO NEO | Adjustment for Grant Date Values in the Summary Compensation Table |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | (3,357,184) | (2,136,764) | (2,140,032) | (2,483,345)
Non-PEO NEO | Year-End Fair Value of Unvested Awards Granted in the Current Year |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | 3,934,883 | 3,706,967 | 1,713,541 | 3,485,927
Non-PEO NEO | Year-Over-Year Difference of Year-End Fair Values for Unvested Awards Granted in Prior Years |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | 468,685 | 167,358 | (810,151) | 1,905,999
Non-PEO NEO | Difference in Fair Values Betweenprior Year-end Fair Values and Vest Date Fair Values for Awards Granted in Prior Years |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | 220,908 | 25,866 | (1,053,364) | 322,591
Non-PEO NEO | Total Adjustments for Equity Awards |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | $ 1,267,293 | $ 1,763,427 | $ (2,290,006) | $ 3,231,172

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