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Leases
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Leases [Abstract]  
Lessee, Operating Leases Leases

Adoption of ASC Topic 842, "Leases"

On January 1, 2019, we adopted Topic 842 using the modified retrospective transition method and used the effective date as our date of initial application. Consequently, leases for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2019 are presented under Topic 842, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historic accounting under Topic 840.

The new standard provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. We elected the ‘package of practical expedients’, which permits us not to reassess under the new standard our prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification, and initial direct costs. We did not elect the use-of-hindsight practical expedient.

We recorded additional lease liabilities for operating leases of $72.4 million, with an offsetting increase to ROU assets of approximately $69.2 million as of January 1, 2019, substantially all of which are real estate leases. The difference between these amounts is related to the reclassification of accrued straight-line rent upon adoption. Capital leases were also reclassified from "Property and equipment, net" to "Finance lease right-of-use assets" and from "Other long-term liabilities" to "Finance lease liabilities" on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. The standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated net earnings and cash flows. There was no cumulative effect adjustment recorded to opening retained earnings as of January 1, 2019, upon adoption of Topic 842.

The effect of the changes made to our consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019, for the adoption of the new lease standard was as follows:
 
Balance at December 31, 2018
 
Adjustments Due to ASC 842
 
Balance at
January 1, 2019
 
(thousands)
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
Property and equipment, net
$
487,224

 
$
(21,732
)
 
$
465,492

Operating lease right-of-use assets

 
69,155

 
69,155

Finance lease right-of-use assets

 
20,872

 
20,872

Prepaid expenses and other
31,818

 
(246
)
 
31,572

 
 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES
 
 
 
 
 
Accrued liabilities, other
63,509

 
8,863

 
72,372

Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion

 
63,498

 
63,498

Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion

 
21,921

 
21,921

Other long-term liabilities
38,904

 
(26,233
)
 
12,671


In accordance with the new lease standard requirements, the disclosure of the impact of adoption on our consolidated balance sheet was as follows:
 
September 30, 2019
 
As Reported
 
Balances Without Adoption of
 ASC 842
 
Effect of Change Higher/(Lower)
 
(thousands)
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
Property and equipment, net
$
464,373

 
$
487,432

 
$
(23,059
)
Operating lease right-of-use assets
65,571

 

 
65,571

Finance lease right-of-use assets
22,238

 

 
22,238

Prepaid expenses and other
14,156

 
14,436

 
(280
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES
 
 
 
 
 
Accrued liabilities, other
80,996

 
71,753

 
9,243

Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion
59,591

 

 
59,591

Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion
23,661

 

 
23,661

Other long-term liabilities
12,932

 
40,957

 
(28,025
)


Leases

We primarily lease land, building, and equipment under operating and finance leases. We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception and assess lease classification as either operating or finance at lease inception or upon modification. Substantially all of our leases with initial terms greater than one year are for real estate, including distribution centers, corporate headquarters, land, and other office space. Substantially all of these lease agreements have fixed payment terms based on the passage of time and are recorded in our Building Materials Distribution segment. Many of our leases include fixed escalation clauses, renewal options and/or termination options that are factored into our determination of lease term and lease payments when appropriate. Renewal options generally range from one to ten years with fixed payment terms similar to those in the original lease agreements. Some lease agreements provide us with the option to purchase the leased property at market value. Our lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees.
    
ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of fixed lease payments over the lease term. The current portion of our operating and finance lease liabilities are recorded in "Accrued liabilities, Other" on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
    
We use our estimated incremental borrowing rate, which is derived from information available at the lease commencement date, in determining the present value of lease payments. In determining our incremental borrowing rates, we give consideration to publicly available interest rates for instruments with similar characteristics.
    
For purposes of determining straight-line rent expense, the lease term is calculated from the date we first take possession of the facility, including any periods of free rent and any renewal option periods we are reasonably certain of exercising. Variable lease expense generally includes reimbursement of actual costs for common area maintenance, property taxes, and insurance on leased real estate and are recorded as incurred. Most of our operating lease expense was recorded in "Selling and distribution expenses" in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The new standard provides practical expedients for an entity’s ongoing accounting. We elected the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for all of our leases. We also elected the short-term lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualify. This means, for those leases that qualify, we will not recognize ROU assets or lease liabilities, and this includes not recognizing ROU assets or lease liabilities for existing short-term leases in transition. Our short-term leases primarily include equipment rentals with lease terms on a month-to-month basis, which provide for our seasonal needs and flexibility in the use of equipment. Our short-term leases also include certain real estate for which either party has the right to cancel upon providing notice of 30 to 90 days.

Lease Costs

The components of lease expense were as follows:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2019
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2019
 
(thousands)
Operating lease cost
$
3,442

 
$
10,150

Finance lease cost
 
 
 
Amortization of right-of-use assets
410

 
1,170

Interest on lease liabilities
479

 
1,405

Variable lease cost
721

 
2,062

Short-term lease cost
1,338

 
3,407

Sublease income
(134
)
 
(438
)
Total lease cost
$
6,256

 
$
17,756



Other Information

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2019
 
(thousands)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
 
Operating cash flows from operating leases
$
10,026

Operating cash flows from finance leases
1,405

Financing cash flows from finance leases
571

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations
 
Operating leases
3,243

Finance leases
2,655


Other information related to leases was as follows:
 
September 30, 2019
 
 
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)
 
Operating leases
9

Finance leases
15

Weighted-average discount rate
 
Operating leases (a)
6.5
%
Finance leases
8.5
%
___________________________________  
(a)    Upon adoption of the new lease standard, discount rates used for existing leases were established at January 1, 2019.

As of September 30, 2019, our minimum lease payment requirements for noncancelable operating and finance leases are as follows:
 
 
Operating Leases
 
Finance Leases
 
 
(thousands)
Remainder of 2019
 
$
3,371

 
$
726

2020
 
13,239

 
3,009

2021
 
12,102

 
3,048

2022
 
10,735

 
3,044

2023
 
10,406

 
3,071

Thereafter
 
41,880

 
31,917

Total future minimum lease payments
 
91,733

 
44,815

Less: interest
 
(22,899
)
 
(20,110
)
Total lease obligations
 
68,834

 
24,705

Less: current obligations
 
(9,243
)
 
(1,044
)
Long-term lease obligations
 
$
59,591

 
$
23,661



Disclosures Related to Periods Prior to Adoption of ASC Topic 842, "Leases"

Rental expense for operating leases was $4.6 million and $13.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. Sublease rental income was not material in any of the periods presented. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we recorded two capital leases for distribution centers with initial lease terms of 13 and 20 years, respectively, in the amount of $18.9 million, which represents non-cash investing and financing activities. At December 31, 2018, capital lease obligations are recorded in "Other long-term liabilities" on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As of December 31, 2018, our minimum lease payment requirements for noncancelable operating and capital leases with terms of more than one year are as follows:

 
 
Operating Leases
 
Capital Leases
 
 
(thousands)
2019
 
$
13,222

 
$
2,578

2020
 
12,734

 
2,617

2021
 
11,595

 
2,656

2022
 
10,208

 
2,694

2023
 
9,800

 
2,740

Thereafter
 
40,381

 
30,177

Total
 
$
97,940

 
43,462

Less: interest on capital lease obligations
 
 
 
(20,838
)
Total principal payable on capital lease obligations
 
 
 
22,624

Less: current obligations
 
 
 
(703
)
Long-term capital lease obligations
 
 
 
$
21,921



These future minimum lease payment requirements have not been reduced by sublease income due in the future under noncancelable subleases. Minimum sublease income expected to be received in the future is not material.
Leases, Finance Leases Leases

Adoption of ASC Topic 842, "Leases"

On January 1, 2019, we adopted Topic 842 using the modified retrospective transition method and used the effective date as our date of initial application. Consequently, leases for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2019 are presented under Topic 842, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historic accounting under Topic 840.

The new standard provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. We elected the ‘package of practical expedients’, which permits us not to reassess under the new standard our prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification, and initial direct costs. We did not elect the use-of-hindsight practical expedient.

We recorded additional lease liabilities for operating leases of $72.4 million, with an offsetting increase to ROU assets of approximately $69.2 million as of January 1, 2019, substantially all of which are real estate leases. The difference between these amounts is related to the reclassification of accrued straight-line rent upon adoption. Capital leases were also reclassified from "Property and equipment, net" to "Finance lease right-of-use assets" and from "Other long-term liabilities" to "Finance lease liabilities" on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. The standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated net earnings and cash flows. There was no cumulative effect adjustment recorded to opening retained earnings as of January 1, 2019, upon adoption of Topic 842.

The effect of the changes made to our consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019, for the adoption of the new lease standard was as follows:
 
Balance at December 31, 2018
 
Adjustments Due to ASC 842
 
Balance at
January 1, 2019
 
(thousands)
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
Property and equipment, net
$
487,224

 
$
(21,732
)
 
$
465,492

Operating lease right-of-use assets

 
69,155

 
69,155

Finance lease right-of-use assets

 
20,872

 
20,872

Prepaid expenses and other
31,818

 
(246
)
 
31,572

 
 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES
 
 
 
 
 
Accrued liabilities, other
63,509

 
8,863

 
72,372

Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion

 
63,498

 
63,498

Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion

 
21,921

 
21,921

Other long-term liabilities
38,904

 
(26,233
)
 
12,671


In accordance with the new lease standard requirements, the disclosure of the impact of adoption on our consolidated balance sheet was as follows:
 
September 30, 2019
 
As Reported
 
Balances Without Adoption of
 ASC 842
 
Effect of Change Higher/(Lower)
 
(thousands)
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
Property and equipment, net
$
464,373

 
$
487,432

 
$
(23,059
)
Operating lease right-of-use assets
65,571

 

 
65,571

Finance lease right-of-use assets
22,238

 

 
22,238

Prepaid expenses and other
14,156

 
14,436

 
(280
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES
 
 
 
 
 
Accrued liabilities, other
80,996

 
71,753

 
9,243

Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion
59,591

 

 
59,591

Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion
23,661

 

 
23,661

Other long-term liabilities
12,932

 
40,957

 
(28,025
)


Leases

We primarily lease land, building, and equipment under operating and finance leases. We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception and assess lease classification as either operating or finance at lease inception or upon modification. Substantially all of our leases with initial terms greater than one year are for real estate, including distribution centers, corporate headquarters, land, and other office space. Substantially all of these lease agreements have fixed payment terms based on the passage of time and are recorded in our Building Materials Distribution segment. Many of our leases include fixed escalation clauses, renewal options and/or termination options that are factored into our determination of lease term and lease payments when appropriate. Renewal options generally range from one to ten years with fixed payment terms similar to those in the original lease agreements. Some lease agreements provide us with the option to purchase the leased property at market value. Our lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees.
    
ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of fixed lease payments over the lease term. The current portion of our operating and finance lease liabilities are recorded in "Accrued liabilities, Other" on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
    
We use our estimated incremental borrowing rate, which is derived from information available at the lease commencement date, in determining the present value of lease payments. In determining our incremental borrowing rates, we give consideration to publicly available interest rates for instruments with similar characteristics.
    
For purposes of determining straight-line rent expense, the lease term is calculated from the date we first take possession of the facility, including any periods of free rent and any renewal option periods we are reasonably certain of exercising. Variable lease expense generally includes reimbursement of actual costs for common area maintenance, property taxes, and insurance on leased real estate and are recorded as incurred. Most of our operating lease expense was recorded in "Selling and distribution expenses" in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The new standard provides practical expedients for an entity’s ongoing accounting. We elected the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for all of our leases. We also elected the short-term lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualify. This means, for those leases that qualify, we will not recognize ROU assets or lease liabilities, and this includes not recognizing ROU assets or lease liabilities for existing short-term leases in transition. Our short-term leases primarily include equipment rentals with lease terms on a month-to-month basis, which provide for our seasonal needs and flexibility in the use of equipment. Our short-term leases also include certain real estate for which either party has the right to cancel upon providing notice of 30 to 90 days.

Lease Costs

The components of lease expense were as follows:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2019
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2019
 
(thousands)
Operating lease cost
$
3,442

 
$
10,150

Finance lease cost
 
 
 
Amortization of right-of-use assets
410

 
1,170

Interest on lease liabilities
479

 
1,405

Variable lease cost
721

 
2,062

Short-term lease cost
1,338

 
3,407

Sublease income
(134
)
 
(438
)
Total lease cost
$
6,256

 
$
17,756



Other Information

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2019
 
(thousands)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
 
Operating cash flows from operating leases
$
10,026

Operating cash flows from finance leases
1,405

Financing cash flows from finance leases
571

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations
 
Operating leases
3,243

Finance leases
2,655


Other information related to leases was as follows:
 
September 30, 2019
 
 
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)
 
Operating leases
9

Finance leases
15

Weighted-average discount rate
 
Operating leases (a)
6.5
%
Finance leases
8.5
%
___________________________________  
(a)    Upon adoption of the new lease standard, discount rates used for existing leases were established at January 1, 2019.

As of September 30, 2019, our minimum lease payment requirements for noncancelable operating and finance leases are as follows:
 
 
Operating Leases
 
Finance Leases
 
 
(thousands)
Remainder of 2019
 
$
3,371

 
$
726

2020
 
13,239

 
3,009

2021
 
12,102

 
3,048

2022
 
10,735

 
3,044

2023
 
10,406

 
3,071

Thereafter
 
41,880

 
31,917

Total future minimum lease payments
 
91,733

 
44,815

Less: interest
 
(22,899
)
 
(20,110
)
Total lease obligations
 
68,834

 
24,705

Less: current obligations
 
(9,243
)
 
(1,044
)
Long-term lease obligations
 
$
59,591

 
$
23,661



Disclosures Related to Periods Prior to Adoption of ASC Topic 842, "Leases"

Rental expense for operating leases was $4.6 million and $13.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. Sublease rental income was not material in any of the periods presented. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we recorded two capital leases for distribution centers with initial lease terms of 13 and 20 years, respectively, in the amount of $18.9 million, which represents non-cash investing and financing activities. At December 31, 2018, capital lease obligations are recorded in "Other long-term liabilities" on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As of December 31, 2018, our minimum lease payment requirements for noncancelable operating and capital leases with terms of more than one year are as follows:

 
 
Operating Leases
 
Capital Leases
 
 
(thousands)
2019
 
$
13,222

 
$
2,578

2020
 
12,734

 
2,617

2021
 
11,595

 
2,656

2022
 
10,208

 
2,694

2023
 
9,800

 
2,740

Thereafter
 
40,381

 
30,177

Total
 
$
97,940

 
43,462

Less: interest on capital lease obligations
 
 
 
(20,838
)
Total principal payable on capital lease obligations
 
 
 
22,624

Less: current obligations
 
 
 
(703
)
Long-term capital lease obligations
 
 
 
$
21,921



These future minimum lease payment requirements have not been reduced by sublease income due in the future under noncancelable subleases. Minimum sublease income expected to be received in the future is not material.