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Stock-Based Incentive Plans
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2018
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
Stock-Based Incentive Plans
Note 13. Stock-Based Incentive Plans
Stock-based incentive plans compensation expense (in thousands):
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Service-based stock appreciation rights ("SARs")
 
$
2,675

 
$
1,731

 
$
4,023

 
$
3,331

Service-based restricted stock units ("RSUs")
 
2,634

 
2,114

 
4,790

 
4,318

Market performance-based restricted stock units
 
959

 
170

 
1,305

 
174

Operating performance-based restricted stock units
 
1,185

 
371

 
2,032

 
407

Total stock-based compensation expense
 
$
7,453

 
$
4,386

 
$
12,150

 
$
8,230


During the six months ended June 30, 2018, we issued stock-based compensatory awards with contract terms agreed upon by us and the respective individuals, as approved by the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors. The awards with service conditions generally vest ratably over four years, subject to forfeiture unless service conditions are met. Market performance-based awards cliff vest after three years subject to the rank of our total shareholder’s return for the three-year period ending December 31, 2020 relative to the total shareholder returns for a peer group of companies. Operating performance-based awards cliff vest after three years subject to the achievement of certain thresholds of cumulative adjusted free cash flow for the three year period ending 2020. Compensation expense related to awards granted during 2018 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 was $3.4 million and $3.9 million, respectively.
Stock-based compensation agreements issued during the six months ended June 30, 2018, representing potential shares and their weighted average grant date fair values by type follows (shares in thousands, fair value in dollars):
 
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
 
Shares
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Service-based SARs
 
634

 
$
27.87

Service-based RSUs
 
227

 
$
91.91

Market performance-based RSUs
 
41

 
$
99.97

Operating performance-based RSUs
 
41

 
$
88.38