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Investment Securities (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract] |
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity | The amortized cost, fair value and allowance for credit losses of investment securities that are classified as HTM are as follows:
(In thousands) | Amortized Cost |  | Allowance for Credit Losses |  | Net Carrying Amount |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized (Losses) |  | Estimated Fair Value
Held-to-maturity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government agencies | $ | 448,012 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 448,012 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (102,558) |  |  | $ | 345,454 |
Mortgage-backed securities | 1,190,781 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,190,781 |  |  | 227 |  |  | (118,960) |  |  | 1,072,048 |
State and political subdivisions | 1,861,102 |  |  | (110) |  |  | 1,860,992 |  |  | 56 |  |  | (446,198) |  |  | 1,414,850 |
Other securities | 261,199 |  |  | (1,278) |  |  | 259,921 |  |  | — |  |  | (29,040) |  |  | 230,881 |
Total HTM | $ | 3,761,094 |  |  | $ | (1,388) |  |  | $ | 3,759,706 |  |  | $ | 283 |  |  | $ | (696,756) |  |  | $ | 3,063,233 |
December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government agencies | $ | 232,609 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 232,609 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (7,914) |  |  | $ | 224,695 |
Mortgage-backed securities | 70,342 |  |  | — |  |  | 70,342 |  |  | 232 |  |  | (1,425) |  |  | 69,149 |
State and political subdivisions | 1,210,248 |  |  | (1,197) |  |  | 1,209,051 |  |  | 6,166 |  |  | (8,462) |  |  | 1,206,755 |
Other securities | 17,301 |  |  | (82) |  |  | 17,219 |  |  | — |  |  | (440) |  |  | 16,779 |
Total HTM | $ | 1,530,500 |  |  | $ | (1,279) |  |  | $ | 1,529,221 |  |  | $ | 6,398 |  |  | $ | (18,241) |  |  | $ | 1,517,378 |
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale | The amortized cost, fair value and allowance for credit losses of investment securities that are classified as AFS are as follows:
(In thousands) | Amortized Cost |  | Allowance for Credit Losses |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized (Losses) |  | Estimated Fair Value
Available-for-sale |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury | $ | 2,257 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (60) |  |  | $ | 2,197 |
U.S. Government agencies | 191,498 |  |  | — |  |  | 103 |  |  | (7,322) |  |  | 184,279 |
Mortgage-backed securities | 2,809,319 |  |  | — |  |  | 20 |  |  | (266,437) |  |  | 2,542,902 |
State and political subdivisions | 1,056,124 |  |  | — |  |  | 250 |  |  | (185,300) |  |  | 871,074 |
Other securities | 272,215 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (19,813) |  |  | 252,402 |
Total AFS | $ | 4,331,413 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 373 |  |  | $ | (478,932) |  |  | $ | 3,852,854 |
December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury | $ | 300 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 300 |
U.S. Government agencies | 374,754 |  |  | — |  |  | 495 |  |  | (10,608) |  |  | 364,641 |
Mortgage-backed securities | 4,485,548 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,307 |  |  | (43,239) |  |  | 4,448,616 |
State and political subdivisions | 1,791,097 |  |  | — |  |  | 30,556 |  |  | (1,995) |  |  | 1,819,658 |
Other securities | 479,162 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,647 |  |  | (5,479) |  |  | 480,330 |
Total AFS | $ | 7,130,861 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 44,005 |  |  | $ | (61,321) |  |  | $ | 7,113,545 |
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value | The following table summarizes the Company’s AFS investments in an unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit loss has not been recorded as of December 31, 2022, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:
| Less Than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or More |  | Total
(In thousands) | Estimated Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses
Available-for-sale |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury | $ | 2,197 |  |  | $ | (60) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,197 |  |  | $ | (60) |
U.S. Government agencies | 101,138 |  |  | (3,263) |  |  | 66,970 |  |  | (4,059) |  |  | 168,108 |  |  | (7,322) |
Mortgage-backed securities | 653,288 |  |  | (27,437) |  |  | 1,880,277 |  |  | (239,000) |  |  | 2,533,565 |  |  | (266,437) |
State and political subdivisions | 147,989 |  |  | (24,740) |  |  | 692,478 |  |  | (160,560) |  |  | 840,467 |  |  | (185,300) |
Other securities | 176,505 |  |  | (11,401) |  |  | 75,439 |  |  | (8,412) |  |  | 251,944 |  |  | (19,813) |
Total AFS | $ | 1,081,117 |  |  | $ | (66,901) |  |  | $ | 2,715,164 |  |  | $ | (412,031) |  |  | $ | 3,796,281 |  |  | $ | (478,932) |
Debt Securities, Allowance for Credit Loss | The following table details activity in the allowance for credit losses by investment security type for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 on the Company’s HTM and AFS securities held.
(In thousands) | State and Political Subdivisions |  | Other Securities |  | Total
December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |
Held-to-maturity |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2022 | $ | 1,197 |  |  | $ | 82 |  |  | $ | 1,279 |
Provision for credit loss expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Net increase (decrease) in allowance on previously impaired securities | (1,180) |  |  | 1,180 |  |  | — |
Recoveries | 93 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 109 |
Ending balance, December 31, 2022 | $ | 110 |  |  | $ | 1,278 |  |  | $ | 1,388 |
December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |
Held-to-maturity |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2021 | $ | 2,307 |  |  | $ | 608 |  |  | $ | 2,915 |
Provision for credit loss expense | (1,110) |  |  | (73) |  |  | (1,183) |
Securities charged-off | — |  |  | (600) |  |  | (600) |
Recoveries | — |  |  | 147 |  |  | 147 |
Ending balance, December 31, 2021 | $ | 1,197 |  |  | $ | 82 |  |  | $ | 1,279 |
Available-for-sale |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2021 | $ | 217 |  |  | $ | 95 |  |  | $ | 312 |
Reduction due to sales | — |  |  | (11) |  |  | (11) |
Net decrease in allowance on previously impaired securities | (217) |  |  | (84) |  |  | (301) |
Ending balance, December 31, 2021 | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Credit Quality Indicator | The following table summarizes bond ratings for the Company’s HTM portfolio issued by state and political subdivisions and other securities as of December 31, 2022:
| State and Political Subdivisions |  |
(In thousands) | Not Guaranteed or Pre-Refunded |  | Other Credit Enhancement or Insurance |  | Pre-Refunded |  | Total |  | Other Securities
Aaa/AAA | $ | 183,096 |  |  | $ | 284,142 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 467,238 |  |  | $ | — |
Aa/AA | 665,150 |  |  | 504,783 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,169,933 |  |  | — |
A | 45,471 |  |  | 157,439 |  |  | — |  |  | 202,910 |  |  | 173,142 |
Baa/BBB | — |  |  | 5,938 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,938 |  |  | 53,573 |
Not Rated | 8,215 |  |  | 6,868 |  |  | — |  |  | 15,083 |  |  | 34,484 |
Total | $ | 901,932 |  |  | $ | 959,170 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,861,102 |  |  | $ | 261,199 |
Income Earned on Securities | Income earned on securities for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, is as follows:
(In thousands) | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Taxable: |  |  |  |  |
Held-to-maturity | $ | 33,778 |  |  | $ | 4,208 |  |  | $ | 985 |
Available-for-sale | 60,659 |  |  | 54,768 |  |  | 34,054 |
Non-taxable: |  |  |  |  |
Held-to-maturity | 36,516 |  |  | 16,047 |  |  | 919 |
Available-for-sale | 27,250 |  |  | 36,670 |  |  | 28,575 |
Total | $ | 158,203 |  |  | $ | 111,693 |  |  | $ | 64,533 |
Amortized Cost and Estimated Fair Value by Maturity of Securities | The amortized cost and estimated fair value by maturity of securities are shown in the following table as of December 31, 2022. Securities are classified according to their contractual maturities without consideration of principal amortization, potential prepayments or call options. Accordingly, actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities.
|  | Held-to-Maturity |  | Available-for-Sale
(In thousands) |  | Amortized Cost |  | Fair Value |  | Amortized Cost |  | Fair Value
One year or less |  | $ | 2,639 |  |  | $ | 2,635 |  |  | $ | 12,368 |  |  | $ | 12,169 |
After one through five years |  | 7,822 |  |  | 7,660 |  |  | 184,524 |  |  | 176,836 |
After five through ten years |  | 352,450 |  |  | 310,335 |  |  | 258,451 |  |  | 238,768 |
After ten years |  | 2,207,402 |  |  | 1,670,555 |  |  | 1,066,291 |  |  | 881,720 |
Securities not due on a single maturity date |  | 1,190,781 |  |  | 1,072,048 |  |  | 2,809,319 |  |  | 2,542,901 |
Other securities (no maturity) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 460 |  |  | 460 |
Total |  | $ | 3,761,094 |  |  | $ | 3,063,233 |  |  | $ | 4,331,413 |  |  | $ | 3,852,854 |

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