10-Q 1 amsc20200930_10q.htm FORM 10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ | Quarterly Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020

☐ | Transition Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from _____ to _____.

Commission File Number: 0-19672

American Superconductor Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware | 04-2959321
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
114 East Main St. Ayer, Massachusetts | 01432
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code)

(978) 842-3000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share | AMSC | Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐ | Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☒ | Smaller reporting company ☒
| Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Shares outstanding of the Registrant’s common stock:

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share |  | 27,603,102
Class |  | Outstanding as of November 2, 2020

AMERICAN SUPERCONDUCTOR CORPORATION

INDEX

|  | Page No.
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Financial Statements | 3
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 21
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 28
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 28
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 29
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 29
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 29
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 29
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosure | 29
Item 5. | Other Information | 29
Item 6. | Exhibits | 30
Signature |  | 31

2

AMERICAN SUPERCONDUCTOR CORPORATION

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands)

|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | March 31, 2020 |
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 41,246 |  |  | $ | 24,699 |
Marketable securities |  |  | 10,191 |  |  |  | 30,149 |
Accounts receivable, net |  |  | 16,810 |  |  |  | 16,987 |
Inventory |  |  | 14,155 |  |  |  | 18,975 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  |  | 3,496 |  |  |  | 2,959 |
Restricted cash |  |  | 508 |  |  |  | 508 |
Total current assets |  |  | 86,406 |  |  |  | 94,277 |
Marketable securities |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,046 |
Property, plant and equipment, net |  |  | 8,140 |  |  |  | 8,565 |
Intangibles, net |  |  | 3,309 |  |  |  | 3,550 |
Right-of-use assets |  |  | 3,907 |  |  |  | 3,359 |
Goodwill |  |  | 1,719 |  |  |  | 1,719 |
Restricted cash |  |  | 5,782 |  |  |  | 5,657 |
Deferred tax assets |  |  | 1,631 |  |  |  | 1,551 |
Other assets |  |  | 333 |  |  |  | 385 |
Total assets |  | $ | 111,227 |  |  | $ | 124,109 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |  | $ | 18,470 |  |  | $ | 22,091 |
Lease liability, current portion |  |  | 568 |  |  |  | 439 |
Deferred revenue, current portion |  |  | 13,547 |  |  |  | 18,430 |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 32,585 |  |  |  | 40,960 |
Deferred revenue, long term portion |  |  | 8,409 |  |  |  | 7,712 |
Lease liability, long term portion |  |  | 3,430 |  |  |  | 3,000 |
Deferred tax liabilities |  |  | 352 |  |  |  | 180 |
Other liabilities |  |  | 31 |  |  |  | 38 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 44,807 |  |  |  | 51,890 |
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 14) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders' equity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common stock |  |  | 234 |  |  |  | 229 |
Additional paid-in capital |  |  | 1,055,548 |  |  |  | 1,053,507 |
Treasury stock |  |  | (3,336 | ) |  |  | (2,666 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  |  | (262 | ) |  |  | (216 | )
Accumulated deficit |  |  | (985,764 | ) |  |  | (978,635 | )
Total stockholders' equity |  |  | 66,420 |  |  |  | 72,219 |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity |  | $ | 111,227 |  |  | $ | 124,109 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

AMERICAN SUPERCONDUCTOR CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Six Months Ended |
|  | September 30, |  |  | September 30, |
|  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Revenues |  | $ | 21,117 |  |  | $ | 14,012 |  |  | $ | 42,329 |  |  | $ | 27,782 |
Cost of revenues |  |  | 15,596 |  |  |  | 10,248 |  |  |  | 31,768 |  |  |  | 22,441 |
Gross margin |  |  | 5,521 |  |  |  | 3,764 |  |  |  | 10,561 |  |  |  | 5,341 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Research and development |  |  | 2,719 |  |  |  | 2,398 |  |  |  | 5,218 |  |  |  | 4,871 |
Selling, general and administrative |  |  | 5,887 |  |  |  | 5,400 |  |  |  | 11,524 |  |  |  | 10,655 |
Amortization of acquisition-related intangibles |  |  | 121 |  |  |  | 85 |  |  |  | 242 |  |  |  | 170 |
Total operating expenses |  |  | 8,727 |  |  |  | 7,883 |  |  |  | 16,984 |  |  |  | 15,696 |
Operating loss |  |  | (3,206 | ) |  |  | (4,119 | ) |  |  | (6,423 | ) |  |  | (10,355 | )
Change in fair value of warrants |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,145 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4,092 |
Interest income, net |  |  | 161 |  |  |  | 335 |  |  |  | 320 |  |  |  | 840 |
Other (expense)/income, net |  |  | (476 | ) |  |  | 1,520 |  |  |  | (646 | ) |  |  | 976 |
Loss before income tax expense |  |  | (3,521 | ) |  |  | (1,119 | ) |  |  | (6,749 | ) |  |  | (4,447 | )
Income tax expense (benefit) |  |  | 191 |  |  |  | (294 | ) |  |  | 380 |  |  |  | (83 | )
Net loss |  | $ | (3,712 | ) |  | $ | (825 | ) |  | $ | (7,129 | ) |  | $ | (4,364 | )
Net loss per common share |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | (0.17 | ) |  | $ | (0.04 | ) |  | $ | (0.33 | ) |  | $ | (0.21 | )
Diluted |  | $ | (0.17 | ) |  | $ | (0.10 | ) |  | $ | (0.33 | ) |  | $ | (0.40 | )
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  |  | 21,860 |  |  |  | 20,656 |  |  |  | 21,775 |  |  |  | 20,586 |
Diluted |  |  | 21,860 |  |  |  | 20,723 |  |  |  | 21,775 |  |  |  | 20,736 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

AMERICAN SUPERCONDUCTOR CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(In thousands)

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Six Months Ended |
|  | September 30, |  |  | September 30, |
|  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Net loss |  | $ | (3,712 | ) |  | $ | (825 | ) |  | $ | (7,129 | ) |  | $ | (4,364 | )
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation loss |  |  | (43 | ) |  |  | (1,269 | ) |  |  | (46 | ) |  |  | (851 | )
Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax |  |  | (43 | ) |  |  | (1,269 | ) |  |  | (46 | ) |  |  | (851 | )
Comprehensive loss |  | $ | (3,755 | ) |  | $ | (2,094 | ) |  | $ | (7,175 | ) |  | $ | (5,215 | )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

AMERICAN SUPERCONDUCTOR CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED September 30, 2020 AND 2019

(In thousands)

|  | Common Stock |  |  | Additional |  |  |  |  |  |  | Accumulated Other |  |  |  |  |  |  | Total |
|  | Number of Shares |  |  | Par Value |  |  | Paid-in Capital |  |  | Treasury Stock |  |  | Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  | Stockholders' Equity |
Balance at March 31, 2020 |  |  | 22,902 |  |  | $ | 229 |  |  | $ | 1,053,507 |  |  | $ | (2,666 | ) |  | $ | (216 | ) |  | $ | (978,635 | ) |  | $ | 72,219 |
Issuance of common stock - restricted shares |  |  | 493 |  |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 909 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 909 |
Issuance of stock for 401(k) match |  |  | 13 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 88 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 88 |
Repurchase of treasury stock |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (377 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (377 | )
Cumulative translation adjustment |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3 | )
Net loss |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3,417 | ) |  |  | (3,417 | )
Balance at June 30, 2020 |  |  | 23,408 |  |  | $ | 234 |  |  | $ | 1,054,499 |  |  | $ | (3,043 | ) |  | $ | (219 | ) |  | $ | (982,052 | ) |  | $ | 69,419 |
Issuance of common stock - ESPP |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 99 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 99 |
Issuance of common stock - restricted shares |  |  | 33 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 849 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 849 |
Issuance of stock for 401(k) match |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 101 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 101 |
Repurchase of treasury stock |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (293 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (293 | )
Cumulative translation adjustment |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (43 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (43 | )
Net loss |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3,712 | ) |  |  | (3,712 | )
Balance at September 30, 2020 |  |  | 23,458 |  |  | $ | 234 |  |  | $ | 1,055,548 |  |  | $ | (3,336 | ) |  | $ | (262 | ) |  | $ | (985,764 | ) |  | $ | 66,420 |

|  | Common Stock |  |  | Additional |  |  |  |  |  |  | Accumulated Other |  |  |  |  |  |  | Total |
|  | Number of Shares |  |  | Par Value |  |  | Paid-in Capital |  |  | Treasury Stock |  |  | Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  | Stockholders' Equity |
Balance at March 31, 2019 |  |  | 21,652 |  |  | $ | 216 |  |  | $ | 1,044,622 |  |  | $ | (2,101 | ) |  | $ | (5 | ) |  | $ | (961,539 | ) |  | $ | 81,193 |
Issuance of common stock - restricted shares |  |  | 174 |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 249 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 249 |
Issuance of stock for 401(k) match |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 81 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 81 |
Issuance of common stock - warrant exercise |  |  | 23 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 294 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 294 |
Repurchase of treasury stock |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (283 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (283 | )
Cumulative translation adjustment |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 418 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 418 |
Net loss |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3,539 | ) |  |  | (3,539 | )
Balance at June 30, 2019 |  |  | 21,857 |  |  | $ | 218 |  |  | $ | 1,045,244 |  |  | $ | (2,384 | ) |  | $ | 413 |  |  | $ | (965,078 | ) |  | $ | 78,413 |
Issuance of common stock - ESPP |  |  | 15 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 100 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 100 |
Issuance of common stock - restricted shares |  |  | 10 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 397 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 397 |
Issuance of stock for 401(k) match |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 92 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 92 |
Repurchase of treasury stock |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (222 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (222 | )
Cumulative translation adjustment |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,269 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,269 | )
Net loss |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (825 | ) |  |  | (825 | )
Balance at September 30, 2019 |  |  | 21,894 |  |  | $ | 218 |  |  | $ | 1,045,833 |  |  | $ | (2,606 | ) |  | $ | (856 | ) |  | $ | (965,903 | ) |  | $ | 76,686 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

AMERICAN SUPERCONDUCTOR CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

|  | Six Months Ended September 30, |
|  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss |  | $ | (7,129 | ) |  | $ | (4,364 | )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 2,009 |  |  |  | 2,262 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | 1,758 |  |  |  | 646 |
Provision for excess and obsolete inventory |  |  | 1,250 |  |  |  | 196 |
Change in fair value of warrants |  |  | — |  |  |  | (4,092 | )
Non-cash interest income |  |  | — |  |  |  | (112 | )
Other non-cash items |  |  | 233 |  |  |  | (888 | )
Unrealized foreign exchange loss on cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 272 |  |  |  | — |
Changes in operating asset and liability accounts: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable |  |  | 157 |  |  |  | (2,244 | )
Inventory |  |  | 3,591 |  |  |  | (3,589 | )
Prepaid expenses and other assets |  |  | (866 | ) |  |  | (1,810 | )
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |  |  | (3,192 | ) |  |  | 2,799 |
Deferred revenue |  |  | (4,636 | ) |  |  | 711 |
Net cash used in operating activities |  |  | (6,553 | ) |  |  | (10,485 | )
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchase of property, plant and equipment |  |  | (1,326 | ) |  |  | (1,736 | )
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3,001 |
Purchase of marketable securities |  |  | — |  |  |  | (10,000 | )
Sale of marketable securities |  |  | 25,006 |  |  |  | — |
Change in other assets |  |  | 63 |  |  |  | 66 |
Net cash (used in)/provided by investing activities |  |  | 23,743 |  |  |  | (8,669 | )
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Repurchase of treasury stock |  |  | (670 | ) |  |  | (505 | )
Proceeds from exercise of employee stock options and ESPP |  |  | 99 |  |  |  | 100 |
Net cash used in financing activities |  |  | (571 | ) |  |  | (405 | )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash |  |  | 53 |  |  |  | (74 | )
Net increase/(decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |  |  | 16,672 |  |  |  | (19,633 | )
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period |  |  | 30,864 |  |  |  | 78,198 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period |  | $ | 47,536 |  |  | $ | 58,565 |
Supplemental schedule of cash flow information: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds |  | $ | 275 |  |  | $ | 130 |
Non-cash investing and financing activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Issuance of common stock to Hercules to settle warrant liability |  |  | — |  |  |  | 294 |
Issuance of common stock to settle liabilities |  |  | 189 |  |  |  | 173 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

7

AMERICAN SUPERCONDUCTOR CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Nature of the Business and Operations and Liquidity

Nature of the Business and Operations

American Superconductor Corporation (together with its subsidiaries, “AMSC®” or the “Company”) was founded on April 9, 1987. The Company is a leading system provider of megawatt-scale power resiliency solutions that orchestrate the rhythm and harmony of power on the grid™, and that protect and expand the capability of the Navy’s fleet. The Company’s system level products leverage its proprietary “smart materials” and “smart software and controls” to provide enhanced resiliency and improved performance of megawatt-scale power flow.

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared on a going concern basis in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) instructions to Form 10-Q. The going concern basis of presentation assumes that the Company will continue operations and will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to those instructions. The year-end condensed balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 and the financial position at September 30, 2020; however, these results are not necessarily indicative of results which may be expected for the full year. The interim condensed consolidated financial statements, and notes thereto, should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2020, and notes thereto, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2020 filed with the SEC on June 2, 2020.

Liquidity

The Company has historically experienced recurring operating losses and as of September 30, 2020, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $985.8 million. In addition, the Company has historically experienced recurring negative operating cash flows. At September 30, 2020, the Company had cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities of $51.4 million. Marketable securities include certificate of deposits with maturities between six and eleven months. Cash used in operations for the six months ended September 30, 2020 was $6.6 million.

In December 2015, the Company entered into a set of strategic agreements valued at approximately $210.0 million with Inox Wind Ltd. (“Inox” or “Inox Wind”), which includes a multi-year supply contract pursuant to which the Company will supply electrical control systems ("ECS") to Inox and a license agreement allowing Inox to manufacture a limited number of ECS. After Inox purchases the specified number of ECS required under the terms of the supply contract, Inox agreed that the Company will continue as Inox’s preferred supplier and Inox will be required to purchase from the Company a majority of its ECS requirements for an additional three-year period. Pursuant to these strategic agreements, Inox must forecast future purchase orders of sets of ECS which become firm orders three months prior to shipment, and Inox must post letters of credit before the Company will ship such orders. Inox had been delinquent on its obligation to post letters of credit for sets of ECS that Inox forecasted to purchase under the terms of the supply contract. On May 29, 2020, the Company sent written notice to Inox notifying Inox of its default under the supply contract due to Inox’s failure to post letters of credit in the amount of €6.0 million for the payment of ECS that Inox is obligated to purchase under the terms of the supply contract. If Inox failed to post letters of credit in the amount of €6.0 million in accordance with the terms of the supply contract within the ninety day cure period after receipt of the default notice, then the Company could have terminated the supply contract by providing written notice of such termination to Inox. On September 2, 2020, Inox delivered approved letters of credit in the amount of €1.3 million for the payment of a portion of the ECS that Inox was obligated to purchase under the terms of the supply contract. On September 11, 2020, the Company notified Inox that due to (i) the Company’s business relationship with Inox, and (ii) Inox’s delivery of approved letters of credit in the amount of €1.3 million as described above, the Company gave Inox until October 5, 2020 to regain compliance with the terms of the supply contract by providing approved letters of credit in the amount of €4.7 million for payment of the remaining ECS that Inox currently was obligated to purchase under the terms of the supply contract. On October 1, 2020, Inox delivered approved letters of credit for payment of the remaining ECS that Inox was obligated to purchase under the terms of the supply contract and cured the default set forth in the May 29, 2020 default notice.

On October 1, 2020, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Stock Purchase Agreement”) with the selling stockholders named therein. Pursuant to the terms of the Stock Purchase Agreement and concurrently with entering into such agreement, the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding (i) shares of capital stock of Northeast Power Systems, Inc., a New York corporation (“NEPSI”), and (ii) membership interests of Northeast Power Realty, LLC, a New York limited liability company, which holds the real property that serves as NEPSI’s headquarters. NEPSI is a U.S.-based global provider of medium-voltage metal-enclosed power capacitor banks and harmonic filter banks for use on electric power systems. NEPSI is now a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and will be operated by its Grid business unit. The purchase price was $26.0 million in cash and 873,657 restricted shares of common stock of the Company. As part of the transaction, the selling stockholders may receive up to an additional 1,000,000 shares of common stock of the Company upon the achievement of certain specified revenue objectives in the future.

On October 22, 2020, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with Oppenheimer & Co. Inc., as representative of the several underwriters named therein, relating to the issuance and sale (the “Offering”) of 3,670,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at a public offering price of $15.00 per share. The net proceeds to the Company from the Offering were approximately $51.4 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by the Company. The Offering closed on October 26, 2020. In addition, the Company has granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional 550,500 shares of common stock at the public offering price.

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the disease caused by the novel coronavirus, COVID-19, to be a pandemic. COVID-19 has spread throughout the globe, including in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts where the Company’s headquarters are located, and in other areas where the Company has business operations. In response to the outbreak, the Company has followed the guidelines of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and applicable state government authorities to protect the health and safety of the Company’s employees, families, suppliers, customers and communities. While these existing measures and, COVID-19 generally, have not materially disrupted the Company’s business to date, any future actions necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic may result in disruption to the Company’s business.

While the COVID-19 pandemic continues to rapidly evolve, the Company continues to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic to best mitigate risk and continue the operations of the Company’s business. The extent to which the outbreak impacts the Company’s business, liquidity, results of operations and financial condition will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence, including new information that may emerge concerning the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and the actions to contain it or treat its impact, among others. If the Company, its customers or suppliers experience prolonged shutdowns or other business disruptions, the Company’s business, liquidity, results of operations and financial condition are likely to be materially adversely affected, and the Company’s ability to access the capital markets may be limited.

The Company believes that based on the information presented above and its quarterly management assessment, it has sufficient liquidity to fund its operations and capital expenditures for the next twelve months following the issuance of the financial statements for the six months ended September 30, 2020. The Company’s liquidity is highly dependent on its ability to increase revenues, including its ability to collect revenues under its agreements with Inox, its ability to control its operating costs, and its ability to raise additional capital, if necessary. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global financing markets may reduce the Company's ability to raise additional capital, if necessary, which could negatively impact the Company's liquidity. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to continue to raise additional capital, on favorable terms or at all, from other sources or execute on any other means of improving liquidity described above.

8

2. Revenue Recognition

The Company’s revenues in its Grid segment are derived primarily through enabling the transmission and distribution of power, providing planning services that allow it to identify power grid needs and risks, and developing ship protection systems for the U.S. Navy. The Company’s revenues in its Wind segment are derived primarily through supplying advanced power electronics and control systems, licensing its highly engineered wind turbine designs, and providing extensive customer support services to wind turbine manufacturers. The Company records revenue based on a five-step model in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. For its customer contracts, the Company identifies the performance obligations, determines the transaction price, allocates the contract transaction price to the performance obligations, and recognizes the revenue when (or as) control of goods or services is transferred to the customer. In the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, 78% and 79% of revenue, respectively, was recognized at the point in time when control transferred to the customer, with the remainder being recognized over time. In both the three and six months ended September 30, 2019, 77% of revenue was recognized at the point in time when control transferred to the customer, with the remainder being recognized over time.

In the Company's equipment and system product line, each contract with a customer summarizes each product sold to a customer, which typically represents distinct performance obligations. A contract's transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation using the respective standalone selling price which is determined primarily using the cost-plus expected margin approach and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. The majority of the Company’s product sales transfer control to the customer in line with the contracted delivery terms and revenue is recorded at the point in time when title and risk transfer to the customer, as the Company has determined that this is the point in time that control transfers to the customer.

The Company's equipment and system product line includes certain contracts which do not meet the requirements of an exchange transaction and therefore do not fall within the scope of ASC 606. As these non-exchange transaction contracts are considered grant revenue and do not fall within any specific accounting literature, the Company follows guidance within ASC 606 by analogy to recognize grant revenue over time. In the three and six months ended September 30, 2020 the Company recorded $0.4 million and $0.8 million in grant revenue, respectively, which is included in the Company’s Grid segment revenue. In the three and six months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recorded $0.7 million and $1.1 million in grant revenue, respectively, which is included in the Company’s Grid revenue.

In the Company's service and technology development product line, there are several different types of transactions and each begins with a contract with a customer that summarizes each product sold to a customer, which typically represents distinct performance obligations. The technology development transactions are primarily for activities that have no alternative use and for which a profit can be expected throughout the life of the contract. In these cases, the revenue is recognized over time, but in the instances where the profit cannot be assured throughout the entire contract, the revenue is recognized at a point in time. Each contract's transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation using the respective standalone selling price which is determined primarily using the cost-plus expected margin approach. The ongoing service transactions are for service contracts that provide benefit to the customer simultaneously as the Company performs its obligations, and therefore this revenue is recognized ratably over time throughout the effective period of these contracts. The transaction prices on these contracts are allocated based on an adjusted market approach which is re-assessed annually for reasonableness. The field service transactions include contracts for delivery of goods and completion of services made at the customer's requests, which are not deemed satisfied until the work has been completed and/or the requested goods have been delivered, so all of this revenue is recognized at the point in time when the control changes, and at allocated prices based on the adjusted market approach driven by standard price lists. The royalty transactions are related to certain contract terms on transactions in the Company's equipment and systems product line based on activity as specified in the contracts. The transaction prices of these agreements are calculated based on an adjusted market approach as specified in the contract. The Company reports royalty revenue for usage-based royalties when the sales have occurred. In circumstances when collectability is not assured and a contract does not exist under ASC 606, revenue is deferred until a non-refundable payment has been received for substantially all the amount that is due and there are no further remaining performance obligations.

9

The Company's service contracts can include a purchase order from a customer for specific goods in which each item is a distinct performance obligation satisfied at a point in time at which control of the goods is transferred to the customer. This transfer occurs based on the contracted delivery terms or when the requested service work has been completed. The transaction price for these goods is allocated based on the adjusted market approach considering similar transactions under similar circumstances. Service contracts are also derived from ongoing maintenance contracts and extended service-type warranty contracts. In these transactions, the Company is contracted to provide an ongoing service over a specified period of time. As the customer is consuming the benefits as the service is being provided, the revenue is recognized over time ratably.

The Company’s policy is not to accept volume discounts, product returns, or rebates and allowances within its contracts. In the event a contract was approved with any of these terms, it would be evaluated for variable consideration, estimated and recorded as a reduction of revenue in the same period the related product revenue was recorded.

The Company provides assurance-type warranties on all product sales for a term of typically one to three years, and extended service-type warranties at the customer's option for an additional term ranging up to four additional years. The Company accrues for the estimated warranty costs for assurance warranties at the time of sale based on historical warranty experience plus any known or expected changes in warranty exposure. For all extended service-type warranties, the Company recognizes the revenue ratably over time during the effective period of the services.

The Company records revenue net of sales tax, value added tax, excise tax and other taxes collected concurrent with revenue-producing activities. The Company has elected to recognize the cost for freight and shipping when control over the products sold passes to customers and revenue is recognized. The Company has elected to recognize incremental costs of obtaining a contract as expense when incurred except in contracts where the amortization period would exceed twelve months; in such cases the long-term amount will be assessed for materiality. The Company has elected not to adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if the period of financing is twelve months or less.

The Company’s contracts with customers do not typically include extended payment terms and may include milestone billing over the life of the contract. Payment terms vary by contract type and type of customer and generally range from 30 to 60 days from delivery.

The following tables disaggregate the Company’s revenue by product line and by shipment destination:

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 |  |  | Six Months Ended September 30, 2020 |
Product Line: |  | Grid |  |  | Wind |  |  | Grid |  |  | Wind |
Equipment and systems |  | $ | 15,261 |  |  | $ | 4,059 |  |  | $ | 31,798 |  |  | $ | 6,676 |
Services and technology development |  |  | 1,086 |  |  |  | 711 |  |  |  | 2,264 |  |  |  | 1,591 |
Total |  | $ | 16,347 |  |  | $ | 4,770 |  |  | $ | 34,062 |  |  | $ | 8,267 |
Region: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Americas |  | $ | 15,677 |  |  | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | 26,231 |  |  | $ | 42 |
Asia Pacific |  |  | 370 |  |  |  | 4,734 |  |  |  | 6,385 |  |  |  | 8,002 |
EMEA |  |  | 300 |  |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 1,446 |  |  |  | 223 |
Total |  | $ | 16,347 |  |  | $ | 4,770 |  |  | $ | 34,062 |  |  | $ | 8,267 |

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 |  |  | Six Months Ended September 30, 2019 |
Product Line: |  | Grid |  |  | Wind |  |  | Grid |  |  | Wind |
Equipment and systems |  | $ | 10,044 |  |  | $ | 2,077 |  |  | $ | 18,399 |  |  | $ | 5,581 |
Services and technology development |  |  | 1,445 |  |  |  | 446 |  |  |  | 2,946 |  |  |  | 856 |
Total |  | $ | 11,489 |  |  | $ | 2,523 |  |  | $ | 21,345 |  |  | $ | 6,437 |
Region: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Americas |  | $ | 10,698 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 18,499 |  |  | $ | 47 |
Asia Pacific |  |  | 393 |  |  |  | 2,464 |  |  |  | 2,220 |  |  |  | 6,320 |
EMEA |  |  | 398 |  |  |  | 58 |  |  |  | 626 |  |  |  | 70 |
Total |  | $ | 11,489 |  |  | $ | 2,523 |  |  | $ | 21,345 |  |  | $ | 6,437 |

As of September 30, 2020, and 2019, the Company’s contract assets and liabilities primarily relate to the timing differences between cash received from a customer in connection with contractual rights to invoicing and the timing of revenue recognition following completion of performance obligations. The Company's accounts receivable balance is made up entirely of customer contract related balances. Changes in the Company’s contract assets, which are included in “Accounts receivable (unbilled)” and “Deferred program costs” (see Note 7, “Accounts Receivable” and Note 8, “Inventory” for a reconciliation to the condensed consolidated balance sheets) and contract liabilities, which are included in the current portion and long term portion of "Deferred revenue" in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets, are as follows:

|  | Unbilled Accounts Receivable |  |  | Deferred Program Costs |  |  | Contract Liabilities |
Beginning balance as of March 31, 2020 |  | $ | 5,711 |  |  | $ | 1,631 |  |  | $ | 26,142 |
Increases for costs incurred to fulfill performance obligations |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3,279 |  |  |  | — |
Increase (decrease) due to customer billings |  |  | (5,929 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 23,931 |
Decrease due to cost recognition on completed performance obligations |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3,314 | ) |  |  | — |
Increase (decrease) due to recognition of revenue based on transfer of control of performance obligations |  |  | 6,186 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (28,678 | )
Other changes and FX impact |  |  | 0 |  |  |  | 18 |  |  |  | 561 |
Ending balance as of September 30, 2020 |  | $ | 5,968 |  |  | $ | 1,614 |  |  | $ | 21,956 |

|  | Unbilled Accounts Receivable |  |  | Deferred Program Costs |  |  | Contract Liabilities |
Beginning balance as of March 31, 2019 |  | $ | 2,213 |  |  | $ | 318 |  |  | $ | 15,519 |
Increases for costs incurred to fulfill performance obligations |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,153 |  |  |  | — |
Increase (decrease) due to customer billings |  |  | (2,926 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 19,340 |
Decrease due to cost recognition on completed performance obligations |  |  | — |  |  |  | (310 | ) |  |  | — |
Increase (decrease) due to recognition of revenue based on transfer of control of performance obligations |  |  | 4,711 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (18,534 | )
Other changes and FX impact |  |  | (4 | ) |  |  | (9 | ) |  |  | (313 | )
Ending balance as of September 30, 2019 |  | $ | 3,994 |  |  | $ | 2,152 |  |  | $ | 16,012 |

10

The Company’s remaining performance obligations represent the unrecognized revenue value of the Company’s contractual commitments. The Company’s performance obligations may vary significantly each reporting period based on the timing of major new contractual commitments. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had outstanding performance obligations on existing contracts under ASC 606 to be recognized in the next twelve months of approximately $48.5 million. There are also approximately $10.7 million of outstanding performance obligations to be recognized over a period of thirteen to sixty months. The remaining performance obligations are subject to customer actions and therefore the timing of revenue recognition cannot be reasonably estimated. The twelve-month performance obligations include anticipated shipments to Inox based on the twelve-month rolling forecast provided by Inox on the multi-year supply contract. The quantities specified in any forecast provided by Inox related to the multi-year supply contract are firm and irrevocable for the first three months of a twelve-month rolling forecast. The timing of the performance obligations beyond the twelve-month forecast provided by Inox are not determinable and therefore are not included in the total remaining performance obligations.

The following table sets forth customers who represented 10% or more of the Company’s total revenues for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:

|  |  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Six Months Ended |
| Reportable |  | September 30, |  |  | September 30, |
| Segment |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
EPC Services | Grid |  |  | 12 | % |  |  | 0 | % |  |  | 18 | % |  |  | 0 | %
Hoffman Construction | Grid |  |  | <10% |  |  |  | 25 | % |  |  | <10% |  |  |  | 12 | %
Inox Wind Limited | Wind |  |  | <10% |  |  |  | <10% |  |  |  | <10% |  |  |  | 17 | %
M.J. Electric, LLC | Grid |  |  | <10% |  |  |  | 25 | % |  |  | <10% |  |  |  | 13 | %
Micron Technology | Grid |  |  | <10% |  |  |  | <10% |  |  |  | <10% |  |  |  | 14 | %
Reed & Reed Inc. | Grid |  |  | 25 | % |  |  | 0 | % |  |  | 12 | % |  |  | 0 | %
Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy Pty. Ltd. | Grid |  |  | <10% |  |  |  | 0 | % |  |  | 13 | % |  |  | 0 | %

3. Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation at fair value. The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense by financial statement line item for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended September 30, |
|  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Cost of revenues |  | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | 21 |  |  | $ | 59 |  |  | $ | 24 |
Research and development |  |  | 161 |  |  |  | 92 |  |  |  | 291 |  |  |  | 103 |
Selling, general and administrative |  |  | 658 |  |  |  | 283 |  |  |  | 1,408 |  |  |  | 519 |
Total |  | $ | 849 |  |  | $ | 397 |  |  | $ | 1,758 |  |  | $ | 646 |

The Company issued 27,341 shares of immediately vested common stock and 688,167 shares of restricted stock awards during the six months ended September 30, 2020 and issued 13,174 shares of immediately vested common stock and 170,500 shares of restricted stock awards during the six months ended September 30, 2019. These restricted stock awards generally vest over 2-3 years. Awards for restricted stock include both time-based and performance-based awards. For options and restricted stock awards that vest upon the passage of time, expense is being recorded over the vesting period. Performance-based awards are expensed over the requisite service period based on probability of achievement.

The estimated fair value of the Company’s stock-based awards, less expected annual forfeitures, is amortized over the awards’ service period. The total unrecognized compensation cost for unvested outstanding stock options was less than $0.1 million at September 30, 2020. This expense will be recognized over a weighted average expense period of approximately 0.6 years. The total unrecognized compensation cost for unvested outstanding restricted stock was $5.9 million at September 30, 2020. This expense will be recognized over a weighted-average expense period of approximately 2.2 years.

The Company did not grant any stock options during the three or six months ended September 30, 2020. The Company granted 5,939 stock options during the six months ended September 30, 2019. The stock options granted during the six months ended September 30, 2019 will vest over 2 years. The weighted average assumptions used in the Black Scholes valuation model for stock options granted during the six months ended September 30, 2019 are as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended September 30, |
|  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Expected volatility |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | 66.5 | %
Risk-free interest rate |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | 1.8 | %
Expected life (years) |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | 5.91 |
Dividend yield |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | N/A |  |  | None |

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4. Computation of Net Loss per Common Share

Basic net loss per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Where applicable, diluted EPS is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares and dilutive common equivalent shares outstanding during the period, calculated using the treasury stock method. Common equivalent shares include the effect of restricted stock, exercise of stock options and warrants and contingently issuable shares. Stock options and warrants that are out-of-the-money with exercise prices greater than the average market price of the underlying common shares and shares of performance based restricted stock where the contingency was not met are excluded from the computation of diluted EPS as the effect of their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. For the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, 0.1 million shares related to outstanding stock options were not included in the calculation of diluted EPS as they were considered anti-dilutive. For the three and six months ended September 30, 2019, 0.2 million shares were not included in the calculation of diluted EPS as they were considered anti-dilutive.

The following table reconciles the numerators and denominators of the earnings per share calculation for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands, except per share data):

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended September 30, |
|  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss |  | $ | (3,712 | ) |  | $ | (825 | ) |  | $ | (7,129 | ) |  | $ | (4,364 | )
Less: decrease in fair value of warrants, net of income tax |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,145 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (4,092 | )
Plus: change in fair value due to exercise of warrants |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 83 |
Net income (loss) - diluted |  | $ | (3,712 | ) |  | $ | (1,970 | ) |  | $ | (7,129 | ) |  | $ | (8,373 | )
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding |  |  | 23,057 |  |  |  | 21,678 |  |  |  | 22,943 |  |  |  | 21,538 |
Weighted-average shares subject to repurchase |  |  | (1,197 | ) |  |  | (1,022 | ) |  |  | (1,168 | ) |  |  | (952 | )
Shares used in per-share calculation ― basic |  |  | 21,860 |  |  |  | 20,656 |  |  |  | 21,775 |  |  |  | 20,586 |
Common stock warrants |  |  | — |  |  |  | 67 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 150 |
Shares used in per-share calculation ― diluted |  |  | 21,860 |  |  |  | 20,723 |  |  |  | 21,775 |  |  |  | 20,736 |
Net loss per share ― basic |  | $ | (0.17 | ) |  | $ | (0.04 | ) |  | $ | (0.33 | ) |  | $ | (0.21 | )
Net loss per share ― diluted |  | $ | (0.17 | ) |  | $ | (0.10 | ) |  | $ | (0.33 | ) |  | $ | (0.40 | )

For the three and six months ended September 30, 2019, the diluted net loss per common share amounts under the treasury stock method were calculated based on the dilutive effect of the total number of shares of common stock related to the warrants issued to Hudson Bay Capital (the “Hudson Warrants”) for 818,181 shares with an exercise price of $7.81. For the three and six month periods ended September 30, 2019, the average stock price was $8.50 and $9.56 respectively, providing 66,638 and 150,025 dilutive shares respectively, for the Hudson Warrants. The decrease in the fair value of the warrant liability of $1.1 million and $4.1 million, respectively, is included in the net loss available to common shareholders for the diluted net loss per common share amount when the impact is dilutive.

5. Goodwill

The Company did not identify any triggering events in the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, that would require interim impairment testing of goodwill.

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6. Fair Value Measurements

A valuation hierarchy for disclosure of the inputs to valuation used to measure fair value has been established. This hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels as follows:

Level 1 | - | Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2 | - | Inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means (market corroborated inputs).
Level 3 | - | Unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The Company develops these inputs based on the best information available, including its own data.

The Company provides a gross presentation of activity within Level 3 measurement roll-forward and details of transfers in and out of Level 1 and 2 measurements. A change in the hierarchy of an investment from its current level is reflected in the period during which the pricing methodology of such investment changes. Disclosure of the transfer of securities from Level 1 to Level 2 or Level 3 is made in the event that the related security is significant to total cash and investments. The Company did not have any transfers of assets and liabilities from Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 of the fair value measurement hierarchy during the six months ended September 30, 2020.

A financial asset’s or liability’s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Valuation Techniques

Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid instruments with maturities of three months or less that are regarded as high quality, low risk investments, are measured using such inputs as quoted prices and are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Cash equivalents consist principally of certificates of deposits and money market accounts.

Marketable Securities

Marketable securities consist of certificates of deposit that are measured using such inputs as quoted prices and are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. The Company determines the appropriate classification of its marketable securities at the time of purchase and re-evaluates such classification as of each balance sheet date. All marketable securities are considered available for sale and are carried at fair value. Changes in fair value are recorded to other income (expense), net. The Company recognized $0.2 million and $0.1 million in unrealized losses on marketable securities, which is recorded in other income (expense), net, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020 and less than a $0.1 million gain which was recognized during the three and six months ended September 30, 2020 upon the sale of one of the certificates of deposit. The Company did not recognize any gains or losses on marketable securities in the three and six months ended September 30, 2019. The Company periodically reviews the realizability of each short and long term marketable security when impairment indicators exist with respect to the security. If other than temporary impairment of value of the security exists, the carrying value of the security is written down to its estimated fair value.

Warrants

The Company issued the Hudson Warrants in conjunction with an equity offering to Hudson Bay Capital in November 2014 and issued warrants to purchase 58,823 shares of the Company's common stock in conjunction a Loan and Security Agreement with Hercules Technology Growth Capital, Inc. (“Hercules Warrants”). The Hercules Warrants were exercised on April 8, 2019. The Hudson Warrants were partially exercised on November 13, 2019 and the remaining unexercised warrants expired on November 13, 2019. As of September 30, 2020 the Company has no remaining outstanding warrants.

The Company historically relied on various assumptions in a lattice model to determine the fair value of warrants. The Company had valued the warrants within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. See Note 12, “Warrants and Derivative Liabilities,” for a discussion of the warrants and the valuation assumptions used.

The following table provides the assets and liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring basis, measured as of September 30, 2020 and March 31, 2020 (in thousands):

|  | Total Carrying Value |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
September 30, 2020: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents |  | $ | 35,613 |  |  | $ | 35,613 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Marketable securities |  | $ | 10,191 |  |  | $ | 10,191 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

|  | Total Carrying Value |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
March 31, 2020: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents |  | $ | 19,394 |  |  | $ | 19,394 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Marketable securities |  | $ | 35,195 |  |  | $ | 35,195 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

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7. Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable at September 30, 2020 and March 31, 2020 consisted of the following (in thousands):

|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | March 31, 2020 |
Accounts receivable (billed) |  | $ | 10,865 |  |  | $ | 11,276 |
Accounts receivable (unbilled) |  |  | 5,968 |  |  |  | 5,711 |
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts |  |  | (23 | ) |  |  | — |
Accounts receivable, net |  | $ | 16,810 |  |  | $ | 16,987 |

The Company recorded allowance for doubtful accounts of less than $0.1 million for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2020 and no allowance for the three or six months ended September 30, 2019. The allowances are based on evaluation of customer accounts that are past due.

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8. Inventory

Inventory, net of reserves, at September 30, 2020 and March 31, 2020 consisted of the following (in thousands):

|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | March 31, 2020 |
Raw materials |  | $ | 4,989 |  |  | $ | 10,739 |
Work-in-process |  |  | 2,283 |  |  |  | 1,345 |
Finished goods |  |  | 5,269 |  |  |  | 5,260 |
Deferred program costs |  |  | 1,614 |  |  |  | 1,631 |
Net inventory |  | $ | 14,155 |  |  | $ | 18,975 |

The Company recorded inventory write-downs of $0.5 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company recorded inventory write-downs of $1.3 million and $0.2 million for the six months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. These write-downs were based on the Company's evaluation of its inventory on hand for excess quantities and obsolescence.

Deferred program costs as of September 30, 2020 and March 31, 2020 primarily represent costs incurred on programs where the Company needs to complete performance obligations before the related revenue and costs will be recognized.

9. Property, Plant and Equipment

The cost and accumulated depreciation of property, plant and equipment at September 30, 2020 and March 31, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):

|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | March 31, 2020 |
Construction in progress - equipment |  | $ | 718 |  |  | $ | 3,130 |
Equipment and software |  |  | 42,015 |  |  |  | 41,737 |
Furniture and fixtures |  |  | 1,326 |  |  |  | 1,302 |
Leasehold improvements |  |  | 6,114 |  |  |  | 2,477 |
Property, plant and equipment, gross |  |  | 50,173 |  |  |  | 48,646 |
Less accumulated depreciation |  |  | (42,033 | ) |  |  | (40,081 | )
Property, plant and equipment, net |  | $ | 8,140 |  |  | $ | 8,565 |

Depreciation expense was $0.9 million and $1.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Depreciation expense was $1.8 million and $2.1 million for the six months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The decrease in construction in progress primarily relates to the completion of capital investments in the Company's HTS equipment and leasehold improvements in the Company's leased facilities in Westminster and Ayer, Massachusetts.

10. Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses

Accounts payable and accrued expenses at September 30, 2020 and March 31, 2020 consisted of the following (in thousands):

|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | March 31, 2020 |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 7,655 |  |  | $ | 10,045 |
Accrued inventories in-transit |  |  | 316 |  |  |  | 763 |
Accrued other miscellaneous expenses |  |  | 2,383 |  |  |  | 1,986 |
Advanced deposits |  |  | 691 |  |  |  | 666 |
Accrued compensation |  |  | 4,349 |  |  |  | 5,683 |
Income taxes payable |  |  | 967 |  |  |  | 933 |
Accrued product warranty |  |  | 2,109 |  |  |  | 2,015 |
Total |  | $ | 18,470 |  |  | $ | 22,091 |

The Company generally provides a one to three year warranty on its products, commencing upon delivery or installation where applicable. A provision is recorded upon revenue recognition to cost of revenues for estimated warranty expense based on historical experience.

Product warranty activity was as follows (in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended September 30, |
|  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Balance at beginning of period |  | $ | 2,168 |  |  | $ | 1,606 |  |  | $ | 2,015 |  |  | $ | 1,545 |
Change in accruals for warranties during the period |  |  | 148 |  |  |  | 71 |  |  |  | 384 |  |  |  | 156 |
Settlements during the period |  |  | (207 | ) |  |  | (36 | ) |  |  | (290 | ) |  |  | (60 | )
Balance at end of period |  | $ | 2,109 |  |  | $ | 1,641 |  |  | $ | 2,109 |  |  | $ | 1,641 |

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11. Income Taxes

The Company recorded income tax expense of $0.2 million and $0.4 million in the three and six month periods ended September 30, 2020. The Company recorded income tax benefits of $0.3 million and $0.1 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2019

Accounting for income taxes requires a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if, based on the technical merits, it is more likely than not the position will be sustained upon audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company re-evaluates these uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis. The evaluation is based on factors including, but not limited to, changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, effectively settled issues under audit and new audit activity. Any changes in these factors could result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to the tax provision. The Company did not identify any uncertain tax positions in the six months ended September 30, 2020 and did not have any gross unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2020.

12. Warrants and Derivative Liabilities

The Company accounted for its warrants as liabilities due to certain adjustment provisions within the instruments, which required that they be recorded at fair value. The warrants were subject to revaluation at each balance sheet date and any change in fair value was recorded as a change in fair value of warrants until the earlier of its expiration or its exercise at which time the warrant liability was reclassified to equity. The Company calculated the fair value of the warrants utilizing an integrated lattice model. See Note 6, "Fair Value Measurements", for further discussion. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had no remaining outstanding warrants.

Hercules Warrants

On December 19, 2014, the Company entered into a second amendment to the Loan and Security Agreement with Hercules (the "Hercules Second Amendment"). In conjunction with the Hercules Second Amendment, the Company issued the Hercules Warrant which replaced the First Warrant and the Second Warrant. The Hercules Warrant was exercisable at any time after its issuance at an exercise price of $7.85 per share, subject to certain price-based and other anti-dilution adjustments, including the equity offering in May 2017, the acquisition of Infinia Technology Corporation ("ITC") with common stock in September 2017 and sales of common stock under the ATM entered into in January 2017. This warrant had a fair value of $0.4 million as of March 31, 2019. On April 8, 2019, Hercules notified the Company of its intent to exercise this warrant on a cashless basis. Hercules received 22,821 shares of the Company's common stock on April 17, 2019. As a result of this exercise the Company recorded a net gain of $0.1 million to change in fair value of warrants, resulting from the decrease in the fair value of the Hercules Warrant during the six months ended September 30, 2019.

November 2014 Warrant

On November 13, 2014, the Company completed an offering of 909,090 units of the Company’s common stock with Hudson Bay Capital. Each unit consisted of one share of the Company’s common stock and 0.9 of a warrant to purchase one share of common stock, or a warrant to purchase in the aggregate 818,181 shares. The Hudson Warrants were exercisable at any time, at an exercise price equal to $7.81 per share, subject to certain price-based and other anti-dilution adjustments including those noted above. On November 13, 2019, Hudson partially exercised the Hudson Warrants for 786,000 restricted shares of Company common stock at $7.81 per share. The remaining 32,181 warrants expired on November 13, 2019. The Company recorded net gains of $1.1 million and $4.1 million to change in fair value of warrants, resulting from the decrease in the fair value of the Hudson Warrants during the three and six months ended September 30, 2019 respectively.

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13. Leases

On April 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) ("ASC 842"), using the modified retrospective approach. The Company elected the package of practical expedients available in the standard and as a result, did not reassess the lease classification of existing contracts or leases or the initial direct costs associated with existing leases. The Company did not elect the hindsight practical expedient and evaluated lease terms for existing leases. The Company has also elected the practical expedient to not separate lease components and non-lease components and will account for the leases as a single lease component for all classes of leases.

All significant lease arrangements are recognized at lease commencement. Operating lease right–of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at commencement. The operating lease right-of-use asset includes any lease payments related to initial direct cost and prepayments and excludes any lease incentives. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company enters into a variety of operating lease agreements through the normal course of its business, but primarily real estate leases to support its operations. The real estate lease agreements generally provide for fixed minimum rental payments and the payment of real estate taxes and insurance. Many of these real estate leases have one or more renewal options that allow the Company, at its discretion, to renew the lease for varying periods up to five years or to terminate the lease. Only renewal options or termination rights that the Company believed were likely to be exercised were included in the lease calculations.

The Company also enters into leases for vehicles, IT equipment and service agreements, and other leases related to its manufacturing operations that are also included in the right-of-use assets and lease liability accounts if they are for a term of longer than twelve months. However, many of these leases are either short-term in nature or immaterial. The Company has made the policy election to exclude short-term leases from the balance sheet.

The discount rate was calculated using an incremental borrowing rate based on an assessment prepared by the Company through the use of Company credit ratings, consideration of its lease populations potential risk to its total capital structure, and a market rate for a collateralized loan for its risk profile, calculated by a third party. The Company elected to apply the discount rate using the remaining lease term at the date of adoption.

The Company did not identify any leases that are classified as financing leases.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases at September 30, 2020 and March 31, 2020 are as follows:

|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | March 31, 2020 |
Operating Leases: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Right-of-use assets |  | $ | 3,907 |  |  | $ | 3,359 |
Total right-of-use assets |  |  | 3,907 |  |  |  | 3,359 |
Lease liabilities - ST |  | $ | 568 |  |  | $ | 439 |
Lease liabilities - LT |  |  | 3,430 |  |  |  | 3,000 |
Total operating lease liabilities |  |  | 3,997 |  |  |  | 3,439 |
Weighted-average remaining lease term |  |  | 6.31 |  |  |  | 6.91 |
Weighted-average discount rate |  |  | 6.79 | % |  |  | 7.08 | %

The costs related to the Company's leases for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Six Months Ended |
|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | September 30, 2020 |
Operating Leases: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating lease costs - fixed |  | $ | 214 |  |  | $ | 392 |
Operating lease costs - variable |  |  | 28 |  |  |  | 55 |
Short-term lease costs |  |  | 510 |  |  |  | 678 |
Total lease costs |  |  | 752 |  |  |  | 1,125 |

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Six Months Ended |
|  | September 30, 2019 |  |  | September 30, 2019 |
Operating Leases: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating lease costs - fixed |  | $ | 178 |  |  | $ | 356 |
Operating lease costs - variable |  |  | 27 |  |  |  | 46 |
Short-term lease costs |  |  | 176 |  |  |  | 214 |
Total lease costs |  |  | 381 |  |  |  | 616 |

The Company’s estimated minimum future lease obligations under the Company's leases are as follows:

|  | Operating Leases |
Year ended March 31, |  |  |  |
2021 |  | $ | 416 |
2022 |  |  | 791 |
2023 |  |  | 764 |
2024 |  |  | 709 |
2025 |  |  | 647 |
Thereafter |  |  | 1,597 |
Total minimum lease payments |  |  | 4,924 |
Less: interest |  |  | 927 |
Present value of lease liabilities |  |  | 3,997 |

14. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Contingencies

From time to time, the Company is involved in legal and administrative proceedings and claims of various types. The Company records a liability in its consolidated financial statements for these matters when a loss is known or considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The Company reviews these estimates each accounting period as additional information is known and adjusts the loss provision when appropriate. If a matter is both probable to result in a liability and the amounts of loss can be reasonably estimated, the Company estimates and discloses the possible loss or range of loss to the extent necessary to make the consolidated financial statements not misleading. If the loss is not probable or cannot be reasonably estimated, a liability is not recorded in its consolidated financial statements.

Other

The Company enters into long-term construction contracts with customers that require the Company to obtain performance bonds. The Company is required to deposit an amount equivalent to some or all the face amount of the performance bonds into an escrow account until the termination of the bond. When the performance conditions are met, amounts deposited as collateral for the performance bonds are returned to the Company. In addition, the Company has various contractual arrangements in which minimum quantities of goods or services have been committed to be purchased on an annual basis.

As of September 30, 2020, and March 31, 2020, the Company had $5.8 million of restricted cash included in long-term assets and $0.5 million of restricted cash included in current assets, respectively. These amounts included in restricted cash primarily represent deposits to secure letters of credit for various supply contracts and long-term projects, including the irrevocable letter of credit in the amount of $5.0 million to secure certain of the Company's obligations under the Subcontract Agreement with ComEd. These deposits are held in interest bearing accounts.

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15. Business Segments

The Company reports its financial results in two reportable business segments: Grid and Wind.

Through the Company’s power grid offerings, the Grid business segment enables electric utilities, industrial facilities, and renewable energy project developers to connect, transmit and distribute power with exceptional efficiency, reliability, security and affordability through its transmission planning services, power electronics, and superconductor-based systems. The sales process is enabled by transmission planning services that allow it to identify power grid congestion, poor power quality and other risks, which helps the Company determine how its solutions can improve network performance. These services often lead to sales of grid interconnection solutions for wind farms and solar power plants, power quality systems, and transmission and distribution cable systems. The Company also sells ship protection products to the U.S. Navy through its Grid business segment.

Through the Company’s wind power offerings, the Wind business segment enables manufacturers to field wind turbines with exceptional power output, reliability and affordability. The Company provides advanced power electronics and control system products, engineered designs, and support services. The Company supplies advanced power electronics and control systems, licenses its highly engineered wind turbine designs, and provides extensive customer support services to wind turbine manufacturers. The Company’s design portfolio includes a broad range of drive trains and power ratings of 2 megawatts ("MWs") and higher. The Company provides a broad range of power electronics and software-based control systems that are highly integrated and designed for optimized performance, efficiency, and grid compatibility.

The operating results for the two business segments are as follows (in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended September 30, |
|  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Grid |  | $ | 16,347 |  |  | $ | 11,489 |  |  | $ | 34,062 |  |  | $ | 21,345 |
Wind |  |  | 4,770 |  |  |  | 2,523 |  |  |  | 8,267 |  |  |  | 6,437 |
Total |  | $ | 21,117 |  |  | $ | 14,012 |  |  | $ | 42,329 |  |  | $ | 27,782 |

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended September 30, |
|  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Operating loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Grid |  | $ | (1,374 | ) |  | $ | (1,324 | ) |  | $ | (2,562 | ) |  | $ | (5,988 | )
Wind |  |  | (983 | ) |  |  | (2,398 | ) |  |  | (2,103 | ) |  |  | (3,721 | )
Unallocated corporate expenses |  |  | (849 | ) |  |  | (397 | ) |  |  | (1,758 | ) |  |  | (646 | )
Total |  | $ | (3,206 | ) |  | $ | (4,119 | ) |  | $ | (6,423 | ) |  | $ | (10,355 | )

The accounting policies of the business segments are the same as those for the consolidated Company. The Company’s business segments have been determined in accordance with the Company’s internal management structure, which is organized based on operating activities. The Company evaluates performance based upon several factors, of which the primary financial measures are segment revenues and segment operating loss. The disaggregated financial results of the segments reflect allocation of certain functional expense categories consistent with the basis and manner in which Company management internally disaggregates financial information for the purpose of assisting in making internal operating decisions. In addition, certain corporate expenses which the Company does not believe are specifically attributable or allocable to either of the two business segments have been excluded from the segment operating loss.

Unallocated corporate expenses primarily consist of stock-based compensation expense of $0.8 million and $0.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Unallocated corporate expenses primarily consist of stock-based compensation expense of $1.8 million and $0.6 million in the six months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Total assets for the two business segments as of September 30, 2020 and March 31, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):

|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | March 31, 2020 |
Grid |  | $ | 40,358 |  |  | $ | 44,044 |
Wind |  |  | 11,760 |  |  |  | 14,250 |
Corporate assets |  |  | 59,109 |  |  |  | 65,815 |
Total |  | $ | 111,227 |  |  | $ | 124,109 |

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16. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The amendments in ASU 2016-13 will provide more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that year. Following the release of ASU 2019-10 in November 2019, the new effective date, as long as the Company remains a smaller reporting company, would be annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact, if any, that the adoption of ASU 2016-13 may have on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The amendments in ASU 2018-13 provide for increased effectiveness of the disclosures made around fair value measurements while including consideration for costs and benefits. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those periods. As of April 1, 2020, the Company has adopted ASU 2018-13 and noted no material impact on its consolidated financial statements, primarily due to the fact that the Company does not currently report any Level 3 fair value measurements.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The amendments in ASU 2019-12 provide for simplified accounting to several income tax situations and removal of certain accounting exceptions. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those periods. The Company does not expect the impact of the adoption of ASU 2019-12 to be material to its consolidated financial statements.

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17. Subsequent Events

The Company has performed an evaluation of subsequent events through the time of filing this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q with the SEC and has determined that other than the following information, there are no such events to report.

On October 1, 2020, the Company entered into the Stock Purchase Agreement with the selling stockholders named therein. Pursuant to the terms of the Stock Purchase Agreement and concurrently with entering into such agreement, the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding (i) shares of capital stock of NEPSI, and (ii) membership interests of Northeast Power Realty, LLC, a New York limited liability company, which holds the real property that serves as NEPSI’s headquarters. NEPSI is a U.S.-based global provider of medium-voltage metal-enclosed power capacitor banks and harmonic filter banks for use on electric power systems. NEPSI is now a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and will be operated by the Grid business unit. The NEPSI purchase price was $26.0 million in cash on hand, including cash from the settlement of the Company's $25 million certificate of deposit during the three months ended September 30, 2020, and 873,657 restricted shares of common stock of the Company. The transaction also includes an earn-out opportunity with the potential for the issuance of up to an additional 1.0 million shares of common stock of the Company to the selling stockholders based on the achievement by NEPSI of certain revenue targets for the fiscal years ending March 31, 2021 through March 31, 2024. The Company assumed no debt in this transaction. NEPSI's results of operations will be included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements beginning on October 1, 2020.

On October 26, 2020, the Company completed the Offering of 3,670,000 shares of common stock of the Company at a public offering price of $15.00 per share. The net proceeds to the Company from the Offering were approximately $51.4 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by the Company. In addition, the Company has granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional 550,500 shares of common stock at the public offering price.

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AMERICAN SUPERCONDUCTOR CORPORATION

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF

FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). For this purpose, any statements contained herein that relate to future events or conditions, including without limitation, the statements in Part II, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and in Part I under “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and located elsewhere herein regarding industry prospects, the timing of our resilient electric grid ("REG") system project with Commonwealth Edison Company, our prospective results of operations or financial position, the potential exercise of the option to purchase additional shares of our common stock by the underwriters to our October 26, 2020 offering of common stock (the “Offering”), and adoption of accounting changes may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. Without limiting the foregoing, the words “believes,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “expects,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements represent management’s current expectations and are inherently uncertain. There are a number of important factors that could materially impact the value of our common stock or cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements. These important factors include, but are not limited to: We have a history of operating losses, which may continue in the future. Our operating results may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter and may fall below expectations in any particular fiscal quarter; We have a history of negative operating cash flows, and we may require additional financing in the future, which may not be available to us; We may be required to issue performance bonds or provide letters of credit, which restricts our ability to access any cash used as collateral for the bonds or letters of credit; Changes in exchange rates could adversely affect our results of operations; If we fail to maintain proper and effective internal control over financial reporting, our ability to produce accurate and timely financial statements could be impaired and may lead investors and other users to lose confidence in our financial data; We may not realize all of the sales expected from our backlog of orders and contracts; Our contracts with the U.S. government are subject to audit, modification or termination by the U.S. government and include certain other provisions in favor of the government. The continued funding of such contracts remains subject to annual congressional appropriation, which, if not approved, could reduce our revenue and lower or eliminate our profit; The novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic could adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations; Our financial condition may have an adverse effect on our customer and supplier relationships; We may experience difficulties re-establishing our HTS wire production capability in our Ayer, Massachusetts facility; Our success is dependent upon attracting and retaining qualified personnel and our inability to do so could significantly damage our business and prospects; Historically, a significant portion of our revenues have been derived from a single customer and if this customer’s business is negatively affected, it could adversely impact our business; Our success in addressing the wind energy market is dependent on the manufacturers that license our designs; Our business and operations would be adversely impacted in the event of a failure or security breach of our information technology infrastructure; Failure to comply with evolving data privacy and data protection laws and regulations or to otherwise protect personal data, may adversely impact our business and financial results; We rely upon third-party suppliers for the components and subassemblies of many of our Grid and Wind products, making us vulnerable to supply shortages and price fluctuations, which could harm our business; Many of our revenue opportunities are dependent upon subcontractors and other business collaborators; If we fail to implement our business strategy successfully, our financial performance could be harmed; Problems with product quality or product performance may cause us to incur warranty expenses and may damage our market reputation and prevent us from achieving increased sales and market share; Many of our customers outside of the United States may be either directly or indirectly related to governmental entities, and we could be adversely affected by violations of the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar worldwide anti-bribery laws outside the United States; We have had limited success marketing and selling our superconductor products and system-level solutions, and our failure to more broadly market and sell our products and solutions could lower our revenue and cash flow; We may acquire additional complementary businesses or technologies, which may require us to incur substantial costs for which we may never realize the anticipated benefits, such as in connection with our acquisition of Northeast Power Systems, Inc.; Our success depends upon the commercial adoption of the REG system, which is currently limited, and a widespread commercial market for our products may not develop; Adverse changes in domestic and global economic conditions could adversely affect our operating results; We have operations in, and depend on sales in, emerging markets, including India, and global conditions could negatively affect our operating results or limit our ability to expand our operations outside of these markets. Changes in India’s political, social, regulatory and economic environment may affect our financial performance; Our products face competition, which could limit our ability to acquire or retain customers; Our international operations are subject to risks that we do not face in the United States, which could have an adverse effect on our operating results; Growth of the wind energy market depends largely on the availability and size of government subsidies, economic incentives and legislative programs designed to support the growth of wind energy; Lower prices for other fuel sources may reduce the demand for wind energy development, which could have a material adverse effect on our ability to grow our Wind business; Unfavorable results of legal proceedings could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition; We may be unable to adequately prevent disclosure of trade secrets and other proprietary information; Our patents may not provide meaningful protection for our technology, which could result in us losing some or all of our market position; We face risks related to our technologies; We face risks related to our legal proceedings; We face risks related to our common stock; and the important factors discussed under the caption "Risk Factors" in Part 1. Item 1A of our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 and our other reports filed with the SEC. These important factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by forward-looking statements made herein and presented elsewhere by management from time to time. Any such forward-looking statements represent management’s estimates as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. While we may elect to update such forward-looking statements at some point in the future, we disclaim any obligation to do so, even if subsequent events cause our views to change. These forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing our views as of any date subsequent to the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

American Superconductor®, Amperium®, AMSC®, D-VAR®, PowerModule™, D-VAR VVO®, PQ-IVR®, SeaTitan®, Gridtec Solutions™, Windtec Solutions™, Smarter, Cleaner...Better Energy™ and Orchestrate the Rhythm and Harmony of Power on the Grid™ are trademarks or registered trademarks of American Superconductor Corporation or our subsidiaries. We reserve all of our rights with respect to our trademarks or registered trademarks regardless of whether they are so designated in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q by an ® or ™ symbol. All other brand names, product names, trademarks or service marks appearing in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are the property of their respective holders.

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Executive Overview

We are a leading system provider of megawatt-scale resiliency solutions that orchestrate the rhythm and harmony of power on the grid™, and that protect and expand the capability of the U.S. Navy's fleet. In the power grid market, we enable electric utilities, industrial facilities, and renewable energy project developers to connect, transmit and distribute smarter, cleaner and better power through our transmission planning services and power electronics and superconductor-based systems. In the wind power market, we enable manufacturers to field highly competitive wind turbines through our advanced power electronics and control system products, engineering, and support services. Our power grid and wind products and services provide exceptional reliability, security, efficiency and affordability to our customers.

Our power system solutions help to improve energy efficiency, alleviate power grid capacity constraints, improve system resiliency, and increase the adoption of renewable energy generation. Demand for our solutions is driven by the growing needs for modernized smart grids that improve power reliability, security and quality, the U.S. Navy's effort to upgrade on-board power systems to support fleet electrification, and the need for increased renewable sources of electricity, such as wind and solar energy. Concerns about these factors have led to increased spending by corporations and the military, as well as supportive government regulations and initiatives on local, state, and national levels, including renewable portfolio standards, tax incentives and international treaties.

We manufacture products using two proprietary core technologies: PowerModule™ programmable power electronic converters and our Amperium® high temperature superconductor (“HTS”) wires. These technologies and our system-level solutions are protected by a broad and deep intellectual property portfolio consisting of hundreds of patents and licenses worldwide.

We operate our business under two market-facing business units: Grid and Wind. We believe this market-centric structure enables us to more effectively anticipate and meet the needs of the U.S. Navy, electric utilities, industrial facilities, power generation project developers and wind turbine manufacturers.

| • | Grid. Through our Gridtec Solutions™, our Grid business segment enables electric utilities, industrial facilities and renewable energy project developers to connect, transmit and distribute power with exceptional efficiency, reliability, security and affordability. We provide transmission planning services that allow us to identify power grid congestion, poor power quality, and other risks, which help us determine how our solutions can improve network performance. These services often lead to sales of our grid interconnection solutions for wind farms and solar power plants, power quality systems and transmission and distribution cable systems. We also sell ship protection products to the U.S. Navy through our Grid business segment.

| • | Wind. Through our Windtec Solutions™, our Wind business segment enables manufacturers to field wind turbines with exceptional power output, reliability and affordability. We supply advanced power electronics and control systems, license our highly engineered wind turbine designs, and provide extensive customer support services to wind turbine manufacturers. Our design portfolio includes a broad range of drive trains and power ratings of 2 megawatts (“MW”) and higher. We provide a broad range of power electronics and software-based control systems that are highly integrated and designed for optimized performance, efficiency, and grid compatibility.

Our fiscal year begins on April 1 and ends on March 31. When we refer to a particular fiscal year, we are referring to the fiscal year beginning on April 1 of that same year. For example, fiscal 2020 refers to the fiscal year beginning on April 1, 2020. Other fiscal years follow similarly.

On October 31, 2018, we entered into a Subcontract Agreement with Commonwealth Edison Company (“ComEd”) (the “Subcontract Agreement”) for the manufacture and installation of the Company’s REG system within ComEd’s electric grid in Chicago, Illinois (the “Project”). As provided in the Subcontract Agreement, the Subcontract Agreement became effective upon the signing of an amendment by us and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (“DHS”) to the existing contract (the “Prime Contract”) between us and DHS on June 20, 2019. Unless terminated earlier by us, ComEd or DHS according to the terms of the Subcontract Agreement, the term of the Subcontract Agreement will continue until we complete our warranty obligations under the Subcontract Agreement. Under the terms of the Subcontract Agreement, we have agreed, among other things, to provide the REG system and to supervise ComEd’s installation of the REG system in Chicago. As part of our separate cost sharing arrangement with DHS under the Prime Contract, we expect funding provided by DHS in connection with the Subcontract Agreement to be between $9.0 to $11.0 million, which represents the total amount of revenue we are expected to recognize over the term of the Subcontract Agreement and includes up to $1.0 million that we have agreed to reimburse ComEd for costs incurred by ComEd while undertaking its tasks under the Subcontract Agreement (the “Reimbursement Amount”). In addition, we are required to deliver an irrevocable letter of credit in the amount of $5.0 million to secure certain Company obligations under the Subcontract Agreement, which we have done, and deposited $5.0 million in an escrow account as collateral to secure such letter of credit. ComEd has agreed to provide the site and provide all civil engineering work required to support the installation, operation and integration of the REG system into ComEd’s electric grid. Other than the Reimbursement Amount, ComEd is responsible for its own costs and expenses. DHS’s approval to commence with construction was obtained on June 20, 2019. Substation work on the project began in late 2019 and we are on schedule to deliver the REG project hardware in late 2020. The REG system is expected to be operational in 2021.

On October 1, 2020, we entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Stock Purchase Agreement”) with the selling stockholders named therein. Pursuant to the terms of the Stock Purchase Agreement and concurrently with entering into such agreement, we acquired all of the issued and outstanding (i) shares of capital stock of Northeast Power Systems, Inc., a New York corporation (“NEPSI”), and (ii) membership interests of Northeast Power Realty, LLC, a New York limited liability company, which holds the real property that serves as NEPSI’s headquarters. NEPSI is a U.S.-based global provider of medium-voltage metal-enclosed power capacitor banks and harmonic filter banks for use on electric power systems. As a result of this transaction, NEPSI became a wholly-owned subsidiary and will be operated by our Grid business unit.

The NEPSI purchase price was $26.0 million in cash on hand, including cash from the settlement of our $25 million certificate of deposit during the three months ended September 30, 2020, and 873,657 restricted shares of our common stock. As part of the transaction, in the future the selling stockholders may receive up to an additional 1,000,000 million restricted shares of our common stock upon the achievement of certain specified revenue objectives.

On October 26, 2020, we completed the Offering of 3,670,000 shares of our common stock at a public offering price of $15.00 per share. We received net proceeds of approximately $51.4 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses. See Note 1, “Nature of the Business and Operations and Liquidity,” for further information about this offering.

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the disease caused by the novel coronavirus, COVID-19 to be a pandemic. COVID-19, has spread throughout the globe, including in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts where our headquarters are located, and in other areas where we have business operations. In response to the outbreak, we have followed the guidelines of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and applicable state government authorities to protect the health and safety of our employees, their families, our suppliers, our customers and our communities. While these existing measures and, COVID-19 generally, have not materially disrupted our business to date, any future actions necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic may result in disruption to our business.

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to rapidly evolve. The extent to which the outbreak impacts our business, liquidity, results of operations and financial condition will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence, including new information that may emerge concerning the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and the actions to contain it or treat its impact, among others.

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements requires that we make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ under different assumptions or conditions. There were no significant changes in the critical accounting policies that were disclosed in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020.

Results of Operations

Three and six months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the three and six months ended September 30, 2019

Revenues

Total revenues increased 51% and 52% to $21.1 million and $42.3 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, compared to $14.0 million and $27.8 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Our revenues are summarized as follows (in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended September 30, |
|  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Grid |  | $ | 16,347 |  |  | $ | 11,489 |  |  | $ | 34,062 |  |  | $ | 21,345 |
Wind |  |  | 4,770 |  |  |  | 2,523 |  |  |  | 8,267 |  |  |  | 6,437 |
Total |  | $ | 21,117 |  |  | $ | 14,012 |  |  | $ | 42,329 |  |  | $ | 27,782 |

Our Grid business unit accounted for 77% and 80% of total revenues for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, compared to 82% and 77% for the three and six months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Our Grid business unit revenues increased 42% and 60% to $16.3 million and $34.1 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, from $11.5 million and $21.3 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Grid business unit revenue in the three and six months ended September 30, 2020 was driven by stronger D-VAR, VVO and ship protection systems revenue.

Our Wind business unit accounted for 23% and 20% of total revenues for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, compared to 18% and 23% for the three and six months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Revenues in the Wind business unit increased 89% and 28% to $4.8 million and $8.3 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, from $2.5 million and $6.4 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2019. The increase over the prior year period was driven by increased shipments of electrical control systems ("ECS") to Doosan and an increase in spares revenue. As further described in Note 1 “Nature of the Business and Operations and Liquidity,” Inox was delinquent on its obligations to post letters of credit for sets of ECS that Inox has agreed to purchase under the terms of the supply contract, and on May 29, 2020, we sent written notice to Inox notifying Inox of its default under the supply contract due to Inox’s failure to post letters of credit in the amount of €6.0 million for the payment of ECS that Inox is obligated to purchase under the terms of the supply contract. On October 1, 2020, Inox delivered approved letters of credit for payment of the remaining ECS that Inox had been obligated to purchase under the terms of the Supply Contract and has cured the default set forth in the May 29, 2020 default notice. Despite curing the default, Inox’s ability to perform under the supply contract has been and may continue in the future to be hampered by the prolonged impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Inox has been active in the new central and state government auction regime in India and has a cumulative order book of over 1.4 GW. However, we cannot predict if and how successful Inox will be in executing on these orders or in obtaining new orders under the new central and state auction regime. Any failure by Inox to succeed under this regime, or any delay in Inox’s ability to deliver its wind turbines, could result in fewer ECS shipments to Inox.

Cost of Revenues and Gross Margin

Cost of revenues increased by 52% and 42% to $15.6 million and $31.8 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $10.2 million and $22.4 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2019. Gross margin was 26% and 25% for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, compared to 27% and 19% for the three and six months ended September 30, 2019. The three month period remained relatively flat and there was an increase in gross margin in the six months ended September 30, 2020 which was due to higher revenue and a more favorable product mix.

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Operating Expenses

Research and development

Research and development ("R&D") expenses increased 13% in the three months ended September 30, 2020 to $2.7 million from $2.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in R&D expense was due to a higher overall compensation expense in the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019. Research and development expenses increased 7% in the six months ended September 30, 2020 to $5.2 million from $4.9 million in the six months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in R&D expense in the six month period was due to higher overall compensation expense than in the prior year period.

Selling, general, and administrative

Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses increased 9% in the three months ended September 30, 2020 to $5.9 million from $5.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in SG&A expense in the three months ended September 30, 2020 was due to higher overall compensation expense than in the prior year period. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased 8% to $11.5 in the six months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $10.7 million in the six months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in SG&A expense in the six months ended September 30, 2020 was due to higher overall compensation expense than in the prior year period.

Amortization of acquisition related intangibles

We recorded amortization expense related to our core technology and know-how, trade names and trademark, and intangible assets of $0.1 million in each of the three month periods ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $0.2 million in each of the six month periods ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 respectively.

Operating loss

Our operating loss is summarized as follows (in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended September 30, |
|  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Operating loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Grid |  | $ | (1,374 | ) |  | $ | (1,324 | ) |  | $ | (2,562 | ) |  | $ | (5,988 | )
Wind |  |  | (983 | ) |  |  | (2,398 | ) |  |  | (2,103 | ) |  |  | (3,721 | )
Unallocated corporate expenses |  |  | (849 | ) |  |  | (397 | ) |  |  | (1,758 | ) |  |  | (646 | )
Total |  | $ | (3,206 | ) |  | $ | (4,119 | ) |  | $ | (6,423 | ) |  | $ | (10,355 | )

Our Grid segment generated operating losses of $1.4 million and $2.6 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $1.3 million and $6.0 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in the Grid business unit operating loss in the three months ended September 30, 2020 was due to higher revenues and a more favorable product mix offset by increased overall compensation expense. The decrease in the Grid business unit operating loss in the six months ended September 30, 2020 was due to higher revenues and a more favorable product mix.

Our Wind segment generated operating losses of $1.0 million and $2.1 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $2.4 million and $3.7 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in the Wind business unit operating loss in both periods was due to higher revenues and a more favorable product mix.

Unallocated corporate expenses primarily consisted of stock-based compensation expense of $0.8 million and $0.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 respectively. Unallocated corporate expenses primarily consisted of stock-based compensation expense of $1.8 million and $0.6 million in the six months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Change in fair value of warrants

There were no warrants outstanding in the three and six months ended September 30, 2020. The change in fair value of warrants resulted in gains of $1.1 million and $4.1 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2019. The change in the fair value was primarily driven by changes in stock price, which is a key valuation metric.

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Interest income, net

Interest income, net, was $0.2 million and $0.3 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $0.3 million and $0.8 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2019. The decreases in interest income in the three and six months ended September 30, 2020 were related to lower cash balances earning lower interest rates than in the prior period, as well as interest recorded related to the sale of the Devens facility for the six months ended September 30, 2019 with no such transaction in the current year.

Other (expense)/income, net

Other expense, net, was $0.5 million and $0.6 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, compared to other income, net of $1.5 million and $1.0 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2019. The decreases in other income, net, were driven by higher foreign currency losses.

Income Taxes

Income tax expense was $0.2 million and $0.4 in the three and six months ended September 30, 2020. Income tax benefit was $0.3 million and $0.1 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2019. The income tax expense is due primarily to taxes incurred in foreign jurisdictions.

Net loss

Net loss was $3.7 million and $7.1 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $0.8 million and $4.4 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2019. The increases in net loss were driven by the gain on fair value of warrants in the prior year period that did not recur in the six months ended September 30, 2020 as well as decreases in other income as discussed above.

Non-GAAP Financial Measure - Non-GAAP Net Loss

Generally, a non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of a company’s performance, financial position or cash flow that either excludes or includes amounts that are not normally excluded or included in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. The non-GAAP measures included in this Form 10-Q, however, should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for or superior to the comparable measures prepared in accordance with GAAP.

We define non-GAAP net loss as net loss before stock-based compensation, amortization of acquisition-related intangibles, change in fair value of warrants, and other non-cash or unusual charges, and the tax effect of those adjustments calculated at the relevant rate for our non-GAAP metric, if applicable. We believe non-GAAP net loss assists management and investors in comparing our performance across reporting periods on a consistent basis by excluding these non-cash charges and other items that we do not believe are indicative of our core operating performance. In addition, we use non-GAAP net loss as a factor to evaluate the effectiveness of our business strategies. A reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP net loss is set forth in the table below (in thousands, except per share data):

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended September 30, |
|  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Net loss |  | $ | (3,712 | ) |  | $ | (825 | ) |  | $ | (7,129 | ) |  | $ | (4,364 | )
Stock-based compensation |  |  | 849 |  |  |  | 397 |  |  |  | 1,758 |  |  |  | 646 |
Amortization of acquisition-related intangibles |  |  | 121 |  |  |  | 85 |  |  |  | 242 |  |  |  | 170 |
Change in fair value of warrants |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,145 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (4,092 | )
Non-GAAP net loss |  | $ | (2,743 | ) |  | $ | (1,488 | ) |  | $ | (5,129 | ) |  | $ | (7,640 | )
Non-GAAP net loss per share - basic |  | $ | (0.13 | ) |  | $ | (0.07 | ) |  | $ | (0.24 | ) |  | $ | (0.37 | )
Non-GAAP net loss per share - diluted |  | $ | (0.13 | ) |  | $ | (0.07 | ) |  | $ | (0.24 | ) |  | $ | (0.37 | )
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic |  |  | 21,860 |  |  |  | 20,656 |  |  |  | 21,775 |  |  |  | 20,586 |
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted |  |  | 21,860 |  |  |  | 20,723 |  |  |  | 21,775 |  |  |  | 20,736 |

We incurred non-GAAP net losses of $2.7 million and $5.1 million or $0.13 and $0.24 per share, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $1.5 million and $7.6 million, or $0.07 and $0.37 per share for the three and six months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in the six month non-GAAP net loss was due to lower operating loss driven by higher revenues and a more favorable product mix. The increase in the three month period was driven by increased net loss as a result of higher foreign currency losses during the three months ended September 30, 2020.

For a description and reconciliation of our other non-GAAP financial measure, non-GAAP operating cash flow, see below under “Non-GAAP Financial Measure – Non-GAAP Operating Cash Flow.”

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have experienced recurring operating losses, and as of September 30, 2020, had an accumulated deficit of $985.8 million.

Our cash requirements depend on numerous factors, including the successful completion of our product development activities, our ability to commercialize our REG and ship protection system solutions, the rate of customer and market adoption of our products, collecting receivables according to established terms, the continued availability of U.S. government funding during the product development phase of our superconductor-based products and whether Inox is successful in executing on Solar Energy Corporation of India Limited orders or in obtaining additional orders under the new central and state auction regime. We continue to closely monitor our expenses and, if required, expect to further reduce our operating and capital spending to enhance liquidity.

As described above, on October 1, 2020, we acquired NEPSI. The NEPSI purchase price was $26.0 million in cash on hand, including cash from the settlement of our $25 million certificate of deposit during the three months ended September 30, 2020, and 873,657 restricted shares of common stock of the Company. As part of the transaction, the selling stockholders may receive additional restricted shares of common stock of the Company upon the achievement of certain specified revenue objectives in the future.

As described above, on October 26, 2020, we completed an offering of 3,670,000 shares of our common stock at a public offering price of $15.00 per share. We received net proceeds of approximately $51.4 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses. In addition, we have granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional 550,500 shares of common stock at the public offering price.

As of September 30, 2020, we had cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and restricted cash of $57.7 million, compared to $66.1 million as of March 31, 2020, a decrease of $8.3 million. As of September 30, 2020, we had approximately $6.1 million of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash in foreign bank accounts. Our cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and restricted cash are summarized as follows (in thousands):

|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | March 31, 2020 |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 41,246 |  |  | $ | 24,699 |
Marketable securities |  |  | 10,191 |  |  |  | 35,195 |
Restricted cash |  |  | 6,290 |  |  |  | 6,165 |
Total cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and restricted cash |  | $ | 57,726 |  |  | $ | 66,059 |

For the six months ended September 30, 2020, net cash used in operating activities was $6.6 million, compared to $10.5 million for the six months ended September 30, 2019 The decrease in net cash used in operations was due primarily to the overall impact of increased sales activities on the operating activities, partially offset by higher payments on accounts payable and higher accrued expenses in the six months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to September 30, 2019.

For the six months ended September 30, 2020, net cash provided by investing activities was $23.7 million, compared to net cash used in investing activities of $8.7 million for the six months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in net cash provided by investing activities was due primarily to the settlement of the $25.0 million certificate of deposit which was used to fund the acquisition of NEPSI on October 1, 2020 in the six months ended September 30, 2020 with no such transaction in the prior fiscal year.

For the six months ended September 30, 2020, net cash used in financing activities was $0.6 million compared to $0.4 million in the six months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in net cash used in financing activities was due primarily to the repurchase of common stock in connection with employee tax obligations upon the vesting of stock awards.

As of September 30, 2020, we had $5.8 million of restricted cash included in long-term assets and $0.5 million of restricted cash included in current assets. These amounts included in restricted cash primarily represent deposits to secure letters of credit for various supply contracts and long-term projects, including the irrevocable letter of credit in the amount of $5.0 million to secure certain of the Company's obligations under the Subcontract Agreement with ComEd. These deposits are held in interest bearing accounts.

We believe we have sufficient available liquidity to fund our operations and capital expenditures for the next twelve months. In addition, we may seek to raise additional capital, which could be in the form of loans, convertible debt or equity, to fund our operating requirements and capital expenditures. We have no outstanding warrants as of September 30, 2020. Our liquidity is highly dependent on our ability to increase revenues, including our ability to collect revenues under our agreements with Inox, control our operating costs, and raise additional capital, if necessary. There can be no assurance that we will be able to raise additional capital on favorable terms or at all, or execute on any other means of improving our liquidity as described above. Additionally, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global financial markets may reduce our ability to raise additional capital, if necessary, which could negatively impact our liquidity.

Non-GAAP Financial Measure – Non-GAAP Operating Cash Flow

We define non-GAAP operating cash flow as operating cash flow before the Sinovel settlement (net of legal fees and expenses); and other unusual cash flows or items. We believe non-GAAP operating cash flow assists management and investors in comparing our operating cash flow across reporting periods on a consistent basis by excluding these non-recurring cash items that we do not believe are indicative of our core operating cash flow. A reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP operating cash flow is set forth in the table below (in thousands).

|  | Six months ended |
|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | September 30, 2019 |
Operating cash flow |  | $ | (6,553 | ) |  | $ | (10,485 | )
Sinovel settlement (net of legal fees and expenses) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,000 |
Non-GAAP operating cash flow |  | $ | (6,553 | ) |  | $ | (9,485 | )

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Legal Proceedings

We are involved in legal and administrative proceedings and claims of various types. See Part II, Item 1, “Legal Proceedings,” for additional information. We record a liability in our consolidated financial statements for these matters when a loss is known or considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. We review these estimates each accounting period as additional information is known and adjust the loss provision when appropriate. If a matter is both probable to result in liability and the amounts of loss can be reasonably estimated, we estimate and disclose the possible loss or range of loss to the extent necessary to make the consolidated financial statements not misleading. If the loss is not probable or cannot be reasonably estimated, a liability is not recorded in our consolidated financial statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined under SEC rules, such as relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, which are often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, established for the purpose of facilitating transactions that are not required to be reflected on our balance sheet except as discussed below.

We occasionally enter into construction contracts that include a performance bond. As these contracts progress, we continually assess the probability of a payout from the performance bond. Should we determine that such a payout is probable, we would record a liability.

In addition, we have various contractual arrangements under which we have committed to purchase minimum quantities of goods or services on an annual basis.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The amendments in ASU 2016-13 provide more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that year. Following the release of ASU 2019-10 in November 2019, the new effective date, as long as the Company remains a smaller reporting company, would be annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022. We are currently evaluating the impact, if any, that the adoption of ASU 2016-13 may have on our consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The amendments in ASU 2018-13 provide for increased effectiveness of the disclosures made around fair value measurements while including consideration for costs and benefits. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those periods. As of April 1, 2020, we have adopted ASU 2018-13 and noted no material impact on our consolidated financial statements, primarily due to the fact that we do not currently report any Level 3 fair value measurements.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The amendments in ASU 2019-12 provide for simplified accounting to several income tax situations and removal of certain accounting exceptions. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those periods. We do not expect the impact of the adoption of ASU 2019-12 to be material to our consolidated financial statements.

We do not believe that, outside of those disclosed here, there are any other recently issued accounting pronouncements that will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

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ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Not Applicable

ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2020. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2020, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes to our internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

None

ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes to the risk factors described in Part I, Item IA of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, filed with the SEC on June 2, 2020.

ITEM 2. | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

The Company’s stock repurchase activity during the three months ended September 30, 2020 was as follows:

Month |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased(a) |  | Average Price Paid per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs |  | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased under the Plans or Programs (in millions)
July 1, 2020 - July 31, 2020 |  | 25,546 |  | $9.74 |  | — |  | —
August 1, 2020 - August 31, 2020 |  | 3,627 |  | $12.28 |  | — |  | —
September 1, 2020 - September 30, 2020 |  | 0 |  | $0.0 |  | — |  | —
Total |  | 29,173 |  | $10.06 |  | — |  | —

(a) During the three months ended September 30, 2020, we purchased shares in connection with our stock-based compensation plans, whereby shares of our common stock were tendered by employees for payment of applicable statutory tax withholdings.

ITEM 3. | DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None

ITEM 4. | MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not Applicable

ITEM 5. | OTHER INFORMATION

None

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ITEM 6. | EXHIBITS

EXHIBIT INDEX

|  |  |  | Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit Number |  | Exhibit Description |  | Form |  | File No. |  | Exhibit |  | Filing Date |  | Filed/Furnished Herewith
10.1 |  | Stock Purchase Agreement, dated October 1, 2020, by and among American Superconductor Corporation, Frank J. Steciuk, Paul B. Steciuk and Peter A. Steciuk. |  | 8-K |  | 000-19672 |  | 10.1 |  | 10/5/20 |  |
31.1 |  | Chief Executive Officer—Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *
31.2 |  | Chief Financial Officer—Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *
32.1 |  | Chief Executive Officer—Certification pursuant to Rule13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | **
32.2 |  | Chief Financial Officer—Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | **
101.INS |  | XBRL Instance Document.*** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
101.SCH |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. *** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
101.CAL |  | XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document. *** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
101.DEF |  | XBRL Definition Linkbase Document. *** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
101.LAB |  | XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document. *** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
101.PRE |  | XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document. *** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

_________________________

* | Filed herewith

** | Furnished herewith

*** | Submitted electronically herewith

Attached as Exhibits 101 to this report are the following formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2020 and March 31, 2020 (ii) Condensed Statements of Operations and Income for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, and (v) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  | AMERICAN SUPERCONDUCTOR CORPORATION
Date: | November 4, 2020 | By: | /s/ John W. Kosiba, Jr.
|  |  | John W. Kosiba, Jr.
|  |  | Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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