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Debt
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Debt
Debt
 
December 31,
 
2013
2012
Debt classified as current liabilities:
 
 
Hancock County industrial revenue bonds (“IRBs”) due 2028, interest payable quarterly (variable interest rates (not to exceed 12%)) (1)
$
7,815

$
7,815

7.5% senior unsecured notes payable due August 15, 2014, interest payable semiannually (2)
2,603


Iceland revolving credit facility (2)(3)
6,000


Debt classified as non-current liabilities:
 
 

7.5% senior secured notes payable due June 1, 2021, net of debt discount of $3,472, interest payable semiannually
246,528


8.0% senior secured notes payable due May 15, 2014, net of debt discount of $1,625, interest payable semiannually

247,979

7.5% senior unsecured notes payable due August 15, 2014, interest payable semiannually

2,603

E.ON contingent obligation, principal and accrued interest, contingently payable monthly, annual interest rate of 10.94% (4)

15,369

Total
$
262,946

$
273,766



(1)
The IRBs are classified as current liabilities because they are remarketed weekly and could be required to be repaid upon demand if there is a failed remarketing. The IRB interest rate at December 31, 2013 was 0.25%.
(2)
These items are recorded in Accrued and other current liabilities.
(3)
Borrowings under the Iceland revolving credit facility bear variable interest based on LIBOR plus the applicable margin per annum. The interest rate at December 31, 2013 was 3.92%.  
(4)
E.ON contingent obligation principal and interest payments are payable based on CAKY’s operating level and the LME price for primary aluminum.  See E.ON contingent obligation below and Note 4 Fair value measurements for additional information.

U.S. Revolving Credit Facility
 
General.  We and certain of our direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries (together with Century, the “Borrowers”) and Wells Fargo Capital Finance, LLC, as lender and agent, and Credit Suisse AG, BNP Paribas and Morgan Stanley Senior Funding Inc., as lenders, entered into the Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement (the “U.S. revolving credit facility”), dated May 24, 2013, as amended, modifying the credit facility signed July 1, 2010. The U.S. revolving credit facility has a term through May 24, 2018 and provides for borrowings of up to $150,000 in the aggregate, including up to $80,000 under a letter of credit sub-facility.  Any letters of credit issued and outstanding under the U.S. revolving credit facility reduce our borrowing availability on a dollar-for-dollar basis.  As of December 31, 2013, we had no outstanding borrowings under the U.S. revolving credit facility, although the Borrowers may in the future use the U.S. revolving credit facility to repay existing indebtedness, to issue standby or commercial letters of credit, to finance capital expenditures and for ongoing working capital needs and other general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2013, the borrowing availability, net of $70,545 for outstanding letters of credit, was approximately $68,081 under the U.S. revolving credit facility.
  
Borrowing Base.  The availability of funds under the U.S. revolving credit facility is limited by a specified borrowing base consisting of accounts receivable and inventory of the Borrowers which meet the eligibility criteria.
 
Guaranty.  The Borrowers' obligations under the U.S. revolving credit facility are guaranteed by certain of our domestic subsidiaries and secured by a continuing lien upon and a security interest in all of the Borrowers' accounts receivable, inventory and certain bank accounts.  Each Borrower is liable for any and all obligations under the U.S. revolving credit facility on a joint and several basis.

Interest Rates and Fees.  Any amounts outstanding under the U.S. revolving credit facility will bear interest, at our option, at LIBOR or a base rate, plus, in each case, an applicable interest margin.  The applicable interest margin is determined based on the average daily availability for the immediately preceding quarter.  In addition, we pay an unused line fee on undrawn amounts, less the amount of our letters of credit exposure.
 
For standby letters of credit, we are required to pay a fee on the face amount of such letters of credit that varies depending on whether the letter of credit exposure is cash collateralized.
 
Maturity.  The U.S. revolving credit facility will mature on May 24, 2018.
 
Prepayments.  We can make prepayments of amounts outstanding under the U.S. revolving credit facility, in whole or in part, without premium or penalty, subject to standard LIBOR breakage costs, if applicable.  We may be required to apply the proceeds from sales of collateral accounts, other than sales of inventory in the ordinary course of business, to repay amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility and correspondingly reduce the commitments there under.
 
Covenants.  The U.S. revolving credit facility contains customary covenants, including restrictions on mergers and acquisitions, indebtedness, affiliate transactions, liens, dividends and distributions, dispositions of collateral, investments and prepayments of indebtedness, as well as a covenant that requires the Borrowers to maintain certain minimum liquidity or availability requirements.
 
Events of Default.  The U.S. revolving credit facility also includes customary events of default, including nonpayment, misrepresentation, breach of covenant, bankruptcy, change of ownership, certain judgments and certain cross defaults. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, commitments under the U.S. revolving credit facility may be terminated and amounts outstanding may be accelerated and declared immediately due and payable.

Iceland Revolving Credit Facility

General. Nordural Grundartangi ehf, as borrower, and Landsbankinn hf., as lender, entered into a three-year $50,000 Committed Revolving Credit Facility agreement (the “Iceland revolving credit facility”), dated November 27, 2013. As of December 31, 2013, we had $6,000 outstanding borrowings under the Iceland revolving credit facility. Grundartangi may in the future use the Iceland revolving credit facility to repay existing indebtedness or to finance capital expenditures and for ongoing working capital needs and other general corporate purposes. Under the terms of the Iceland revolving credit facility, when Grundartangi borrows funds it will designate a repayment date, which may be any date prior to the maturity of the Iceland revolving credit facility. As of December 31, 2013, the borrowing availability was approximately $44,000 under the Iceland revolving credit facility.

Borrowing Base.  The availability of funds under the Iceland revolving credit facility is limited by a specified borrowing base consisting of inventory and accounts receivable of Grundartangi.

Security.  Grundartangi's obligations under the Iceland revolving credit facility are secured by a general bond under which Grundartangi's inventory and accounts receivable are pledged to secure full payment of the loan. 

Interest Rates and Fees.  Any amounts outstanding under the Iceland revolving credit facility will bear interest at LIBOR plus the margin per annum.

Maturity.  The Iceland revolving credit facility will mature on November 27, 2016.

Prepayments.  Grundartangi may, by giving no less than five business days prior written notice to Landsbankinn, prepay any outstanding borrowings without penalty or premium (except incurred breakage costs) in whole or in part.  

Covenants.  The Iceland revolving credit facility contains customary covenants, including restrictions on mergers and acquisitions, dispositions of assets, compliance with permits, laws and payment of taxes, as well as a covenant that requires Grundartangi to maintain a certain minimum equity ratio.
 
Events of Default.  The Iceland revolving credit facility also includes customary events of default, including nonpayment, loss of license, cessation of operations, unlawfulness, breach of covenant, bankruptcy, change of ownership, certain judgments and certain cross defaults. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, commitments under the Iceland revolving credit facility may be terminated and amounts outstanding may be accelerated and declared immediately due and payable.

8% Notes Tender Offer, Consent Solicitation and Redemption

In May 2013, we commenced a tender offer and consent solicitation (the “Tender Offer”) to the holders of our then outstanding 8% Senior Secured Notes due 2014 (the “8.0% Notes”). Investors electing to participate in the Tender Offer consented to certain amendments and modifications to the indenture governing the 8.0% Notes to remove, among other things, most of the restrictive covenants, in exchange for which we paid these investors consent fees.

We received tenders and consents from holders of a majority of the outstanding principal amount of the 8.0% Notes. The remaining 8.0% Notes outstanding that had not participated in the Tender Offer were redeemed at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest (the “Redemption”). Together the Tender Offer and Redemption satisfied and discharged our obligations under the 8.0% Notes and the related indenture. We used the net proceeds from the issuance of the 7.5% Senior Secured Notes due 2021 (the “7.5% Notes due 2021”) and available cash on hand to fund the Tender Offer and the Redemption.  As of December 31, 2013, we had no principal amounts outstanding on the 8% Notes.

In accordance with ASC 470 “Debt”, based on an evaluation of the characteristics of the 8.0% Notes and the 7.5% Notes due 2021 that were issued, we treated the tender and redemption of the 8.0% Notes as an extinguishment of the debt and accordingly, we recorded a loss on early extinguishment of debt in 2013. The loss on early extinguishment of debt consisted of the write-off of deferred financing costs and the debt discount associated with the 8.0% Notes, as well as the tender premium paid as part of the Tender Offer.

7.5% Notes due 2021
 
General.  On June 4, 2013, we issued $250,000 of our 7.5% Notes due 2021 in a private offering exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act.  The 7.5% Notes due 2021 were issued at a discount and we received proceeds of $246,330, prior to payment of financing fees and related expenses.
 
Interest rate.  The 7.5% Notes due 2021 bear interest at 7.5% per annum on the principal amount, payable semi-annually in arrears in cash on June 1st and December 1st of each year.
 
Maturity.  The 7.5% Notes due 2021 mature on June 1, 2021.
 
Seniority.  The 7.5% Notes due 2021 are senior secured obligations of Century, ranking equally in right of payment with all existing and future senior indebtedness of Century, but effectively senior to unsecured debt to the extent of the value of the collateral.

Guaranty.  Our obligations under the 7.5% Notes due 2021 are guaranteed by all of our existing and future domestic restricted subsidiaries (the “Guarantor Subsidiaries”), except for foreign owned holding companies and any domestic restricted subsidiary that owns no assets other than equity interests or other investments in foreign subsidiaries, which guaranty shall in each case be a senior secured obligation of such Guarantor Subsidiaries, ranking equally in right of payment with all existing and future senior indebtedness of such Guarantor Subsidiaries but effectively senior to unsecured debt.
 
Collateral. Our obligations under the 7.5% Notes due 2021 and the Guarantor Subsidiaries' obligations under the guarantees are secured by a pledge of and lien on (subject to certain exceptions):
 
(i)
all of our and the Guarantor Subsidiaries' property, plant and equipment (other than certain excluded property, such as the assets of Berkeley Aluminum, Inc., the owner of our interest in our Mt. Holly facility);
(i)
all equity interests in domestic subsidiaries directly owned by us and the Guarantor Subsidiaries and 65% of equity interests in foreign subsidiaries or foreign holding companies directly owned by us and the Guarantor Subsidiaries;
(ii)
intercompany notes owed by any non-guarantor to us or any Guarantor Subsidiary to us; and
(iii)
proceeds of the foregoing.
 
Under certain circumstances, we may incur additional debt that also may be secured by liens on the collateral that are equal to or have priority over the liens securing the 7.5% Notes due 2021.  
 
Redemption Rights.  Prior to June 1, 2016, we may redeem the 7.5% Notes due 2021, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus a make-whole premium, and if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on June 1 of the years indicated below, at the following redemption prices plus accrued and unpaid interest:

Year
Percentage
2016
105.625%
2017
103.750%
2018
101.875%
2019 and thereafter
100.000%


 
Upon a change of control (as defined in the indenture governing the 7.5% Notes due 2021), we will be required to make an offer to purchase the 7.5% Notes due 2021 at a purchase price equal to 101% of the outstanding principal amount of the 7.5% Notes due 2021 on the date of the purchase, plus accrued interest to the date of purchase.
 
Covenants.  The indenture governing the 7.5% Notes due 2021 contains customary covenants which may limit our ability, and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries, to: (i) incur additional debt; (ii) incur additional liens; (iii) pay dividends or make distributions in respect of capital stock; (iv) purchase or redeem capital stock; (v) make investments or certain other restricted payments; (vi) sell assets; (vii) issue or sell stock of certain subsidiaries; (viii) enter into transactions with shareholders or affiliates; and (ix) effect a consolidation or merger.

7.5% Notes due 2014
 
General.  In August 2004, we sold $250,000 of our 7.5% Notes due 2014 in a private offering exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act.  The 7.5% Notes due 2014 were subsequently registered with the SEC in December 2004.
 
Exchange offer and consent solicitation.  In 2010 and 2009, we completed a series of debt for debt exchange offers and consent solicitation relating to our 7.5% Notes (the “7.5% Notes Exchange Offer”) in which we issued our 8.0% Notes in exchange for our 7.5% Notes due 2014.  In addition, certain investors consented to certain amendments and modifications to the indenture governing the 7.5% Notes due 2014 to remove, among other things, most of the restrictive covenants, in exchange for which we paid these investors consent fees.  As of December 31, 2013, we had $2,603 of aggregate principal amount outstanding of the 7.5% Notes due 2014.
  
Interest rate.  The 7.5% Notes due 2014 bear interest at 7.5% per annum on the principal amount, payable semi-annually in arrears in cash on February 15 and August 15 of each year.
 
Maturity. The 7.5% Notes due 2014 mature on August 15, 2014.
 
Seniority.  The 7.5% Notes due 2014 are senior unsecured obligations and rank, in right of payment, the same as all of our existing and future senior unsecured debt.
 
Guaranty. Our obligations under the 7.5% Notes due 2014 are guaranteed by all of our existing and future domestic restricted subsidiaries.
 
Redemption Rights.  We may redeem the 7.5% Notes due 2014, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
 
Upon a “change of control” (as defined in the indenture governing the 7.5% Notes due 2014), we will be required to make an offer to purchase the 7.5% Notes due 2014 at a purchase price equal to 101% of the outstanding principal amount of the 7.5% Notes due 2014 on the date of the purchase, plus accrued interest to the date of purchase. 


E.ON contingent obligation
 
General.  The E.ON contingent obligation consists of the aggregate E.ON payments made to Big Rivers Electric Corporation (“Big Rivers”) on CAKY’s behalf in excess of the agreed upon base amount under the long-term cost-based power contract with Kenergy, a member cooperative of Big Rivers (the “Big Rivers Agreement”).  Our obligation to make repayments is contingent upon certain operating criteria for Hawesville and the LME price of primary aluminum.  When the conditions for repayment are met, and for so long as those conditions continue to be met, we will be obligated to make principal and interest payments, in up to 72 monthly payments.

Based on the LME forward market prices for primary aluminum at December 31, 2013 and management's estimate of the LME forward market for periods beyond the quoted periods, we recognized a derivative asset which offsets our contingent obligation. As a result, our net liability decreased and we recorded a gain of $16,781 in net gain (loss) on forward and derivative contracts for the year ended December 31, 2013. In addition, we believe that we will not have any payment obligations for the E.ON contingent obligation through the term of the agreement, which expires in 2028. However, future increases in the LME forward market may result in a partial or full derecognition of the derivative asset and a corresponding recognition of a loss.

Interest rate.  Interest accrues at an annual rate equal to 10.94%.
 
Maturity.  The term of the agreement is through December 31, 2028.
The following table provides information about the balance sheet location and gross amounts offset:

Offsetting of financial instruments and derivatives
 
 
 
 
Balance sheet location
December 31, 2013
December 31, 2012
E.ON contingent obligation – principal
Other liabilities
$
(12,902
)
$
(12,902
)
E.ON contingent obligation – accrued interest
Other liabilities
(3,879
)
(2,467
)
E.ON contingent obligation – derivative asset
Other liabilities
16,781


 
 
$

$
(15,369
)


Industrial Revenue Bonds
 
General.  As part of the purchase price for our acquisition of the Hawesville facility, we assumed industrial revenue bonds which were issued in connection with the financing of certain solid waste disposal facilities constructed at the Hawesville facility.
 
Interest rate.  The IRBs bear interest at a variable rate not to exceed 12% per annum determined weekly based upon prevailing rates for similar bonds in the industrial revenue bond market. Interest on the industrial revenue bonds is paid quarterly.
 
Maturity.  The industrial revenue bonds mature on April 1, 2028.
 
Security.  The industrial revenue bonds are secured by a letter of credit issued under our revolving credit facility.
 
Principal Payments on Long Term Debt
 
Principal payments on our long term debt maturing in the next five years, excluding contingent obligations, are as follows:
 
 
2014
7.5% Notes due 2014
$
2,603

Iceland revolving credit facility
6,000

Total
$
8,603