<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001104659-22-053701.txt : 20220429
<SEC-HEADER>0001104659-22-053701.hdr.sgml : 20220429
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20220429164502
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001104659-22-053701
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		16
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20220429
ITEM INFORMATION:		Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20220429
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20220429

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			CALIFORNIA WATER SERVICE GROUP
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001035201
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	WATER SUPPLY [4941]
		IRS NUMBER:				770448994
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-13883
		FILM NUMBER:		22876561

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		1720 N FIRST ST
		STREET 2:		C/O CALIFORNIA WATER SERVICE CO
		CITY:			SAN JOSE
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			95112
		BUSINESS PHONE:		4083678200

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		1720 FIRST ST
		STREET 2:		C/O CALIFORNIA WATER SERVICE CO
		CITY:			SAN JOSE
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			95112
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<p style="font: 18pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>Washington, D.C. 20549</b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Former name or former address, if changed
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Check the appropriate box below if the Form&#160;8-K filing
is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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  <td>Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule&#160;14d-2(b)&#160;under the Exchange Act
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<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Securities registered pursuant to Section&#160;12(b)&#160;of
the Act:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging
growth company as defined by Rule&#160;405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule&#160;12b-2 of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Emerging growth company <span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_90F_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20220429__20220429_zHwcH0vucrF9"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-04-29to2022-04-29" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">&#168;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If an emerging growth
company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or
revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section&#160;13(a)&#160;of the Exchange Act. </span><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 10pt">&#168;</span></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

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<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 10pt"></span>&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"></p>

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<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
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    <td style="width: 96px"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline">Item 1.01</span></b></td>
    <td><b><span style="text-decoration: underline">Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.</span></b></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">On April&#160;29, 2022, California Water Service
Group (the &#8220;<b><i>Company</i></b>&#8221;) entered into an equity distribution agreement (the &#8220;<b><i>Equity Distribution Agreement</i></b>&#8221;)
with Morgan Stanley&#160;&amp; Co. LLC, Robert W. Baird&#160;&amp; Co. Incorporated, Blaylock Van, LLC, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, Janney
Montgomery Scott LLC and Samuel A. Ramirez&#160;&amp; Company,&#160;Inc., each as sales agent (collectively, the &#8220;<b><i>Managers</i></b>&#8221;).
Pursuant to the terms of the Equity Distribution Agreement, the Company may, from time to time through an at-the-market equity program,
sell shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, having an aggregate gross sales price of up to $350.0 million
(the &#8220;<b><i>Shares</i></b>&#8221;) through the Managers, acting as the Company&#8217;s agents (the &#8220;<b><i>ATM Offering</i></b>&#8221;).
The Company will pay the Managers a commission equal to 1.0% of the gross offering proceeds from the sale of Shares pursuant to the ATM
Offering. In the Equity Distribution Agreement, the Company agrees to indemnify the Managers against certain liabilities, including liabilities
under the&#160;Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the&#160;&#8220;<b><i>Securities Act</i></b>&#8221;) or to contribute payments that
the Managers may be required to make because of such liabilities. The Company or the Managers may suspend the offering of Shares at any
time and from time to time by notifying the other party.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">The Company intends to use the net proceeds from
these sales, after deducting commissions on such sales and offering expenses, for general corporate purposes, which may include working
capital, construction and acquisition expenditures, investments and repurchases, and redemptions of securities.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">The Managers and their affiliates have, from time
to time, provided, and may in the future provide, various investment banking, commercial banking and/or other financial services for the
Company and the Company&#8217;s affiliates in the ordinary course of business, for which services they have and may in the future receive
customary fees. Affiliates of certain of the Managers are lenders under certain of the Company and the Company&#8217;s affiliates&#8217;
credit facilities.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">This Current Report on Form&#160;8-K shall not
constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities, nor shall there be any sale of these securities in any
state or jurisdiction in which such an offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the
securities laws of any such state or other jurisdiction.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">The Shares will be issued pursuant to the Company&#8217;s
automatically effective shelf registration statement on Form&#160;S-3 that is currently on file (Registration No.&#160;333-264542),
the base prospectus contained therein, and a prospectus supplement that was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April&#160;29,
2022.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">A copy of the Equity Distribution Agreement is
attached as Exhibit&#160;1.1 to this current report. The foregoing description of the Equity Distribution Agreement does not purport to
be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit&#160;1.1.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">A copy of the opinion of Gibson, Dunn&#160;&amp; Crutcher LLP relating
to the validity of the securities issued in the ATM Offering is filed as Exhibit&#160;5.1 to this current report.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 109px; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline">Item 9.01</span></b></td>
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline">Financial Statements and Exhibits</span>.</b></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(d)&#160;<i>Exhibits</i>.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline">EXHIBIT&#160;INDEX</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 0.5pt 0.5pt 1pt; width: 10%"><b>Exhibit&#160;No.</b></td>
    <td style="padding: 0.5pt; width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 0.5pt 0.5pt 1pt; width: 89%; text-align: center"><b>Description</b></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="padding: 0.5pt; vertical-align: top"><a href="tm2213726d4_ex1-1.htm">1.1</a></td>
    <td style="padding: 0.5pt; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 0.5pt; vertical-align: top"><a href="tm2213726d4_ex1-1.htm">Equity Distribution Agreement, dated as of April&#160;29, 2022, between California
    Water Service Group and Morgan Stanley&#160;&amp; Co. LLC, Robert W. Baird&#160;&amp; Co. Incorporated, Blaylock Van, LLC, Wells
    Fargo Securities, LLC, Janney Montgomery Scott LLC and Samuel A. Ramirez&#160;&amp; Company,&#160;Inc.</a></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="padding: 0.5pt; vertical-align: top"><span style="color: #0000EE"><span style="text-decoration: underline"><a href="tm2213726d4_ex5-1.htm" style="color: Blue; -sec-extract: exhibit">5.1</a></span></span></td>
    <td style="padding: 0.5pt; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 0.5pt; vertical-align: top"><span style="color: #0000EE"><span style="text-decoration: underline"><a href="tm2213726d4_ex5-1.htm" style="color: Blue; -sec-extract: exhibit">Opinion of Gibson, Dunn&#160;&amp; Crutcher LLP</a></span></span></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="padding: 0.5pt; vertical-align: top"><span style="color: #0000EE"><span style="text-decoration: underline"><a href="tm2213726d4_ex5-1.htm" style="color: Blue; -sec-extract: exhibit">23.1</a></span></span></td>
    <td style="padding: 0.5pt; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 0.5pt; vertical-align: top"><span style="color: #0000EE"><span style="text-decoration: underline"><a href="tm2213726d4_ex5-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Consent of Gibson, Dunn&#160;&amp; Crutcher LLP (contained in Exhibit&#160;5.1)</a></span></span></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="padding: 0.5pt; vertical-align: top">104</td>
    <td style="padding: 0.5pt; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 0.5pt; vertical-align: top">Cover Page&#160;Interactive Data File, formatted in INline XBRL and included as Exhibit&#160;101.</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline">SIGNATURE</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Pursuant to the requirements
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto
duly authorized.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>CALIFORNIA WATER SERVICE GROUP</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 50%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 6%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 44%">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Date: April 29, 2022</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">By:</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><span style="font-size: 10pt">/s/ Thomas F. Smegal</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Name:</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Thomas F. Smegal</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Title:</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Vice President, Chief Financial Officer&#160;&amp; Treasurer</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0"></p>

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<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 1.1
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin: 0"><B>Exhibit 1.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><B>CALIFORNIA WATER SERVICE GROUP</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>COMMON STOCK, PAR VALUE $0.01 PER SHARE</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>EQUITY DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">April&nbsp;29, 2022</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">April&nbsp;29, 2022</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in">To: &#8239;Morgan Stanley&nbsp;&amp; Co.
LLC</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;1585 Broadway<BR>
New York, NY 10036</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">Robert W. Baird&nbsp;&amp; Co. Incorporated<BR>
777 E. Wisconsin Avenue<BR>
Milwaukee, WI 53202</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">Blaylock Van, LLC<BR>
600 Lexington Avenue, Floor 3<BR>
New York, NY 10022</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">Wells Fargo Securities, LLC<BR>
375 Park Avenue<BR>
New York, NY 10152</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">Janney Montgomery Scott LLC<BR>
1717 Arch Street,<BR>
Philadelphia, PA 19103</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">Samuel A. Ramirez&nbsp;&amp; Company,&nbsp;Inc.<BR>
61 Broadway, 29<SUP>th</SUP> Floor,<BR>
New York, NY 10006</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Ladies and Gentlemen:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">California Water Service Group, a Delaware corporation
(the &ldquo;<B>Company</B>&rdquo;), proposes to issue and sell through Morgan Stanley&nbsp;&amp; Co. LLC, Robert W. Baird&nbsp;&amp;
Co. Incorporated, Blaylock Van, LLC, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, Janney Montgomery Scott LLC and Samuel A. Ramirez&nbsp;&amp; Company,&nbsp;Inc.
each as sales agent (each a &ldquo;<B>Manager</B>&rdquo; and together, the &ldquo;<B>Managers</B>&rdquo;), on the terms set forth in
this equity distribution agreement (this &ldquo;<B>Agreement</B>&rdquo;), shares of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share, having
an aggregate gross sales price of up to $350,000,000 (the &ldquo;<B>Shares</B>&rdquo;). The shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per
share, of the Company to be outstanding after giving effect to the sales contemplated hereby are hereinafter referred to as the &ldquo;<B>Common
Stock</B>&rdquo;.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company has filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;<B>Commission</B>&rdquo;) a registration statement on Form&nbsp;S-3 (File No.&nbsp;333-264542), including
a prospectus, relating to the securities (the &ldquo;<B>Shelf Securities</B>&rdquo;), including the Shares, to be issued from time to
time by the Company. The registration statement as of its most recent effective date, including the information (if any) deemed to be
part of the registration statement at the time of effectiveness pursuant to Rule&nbsp;430A or Rule&nbsp;430B under the Securities Act
of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;<B>Securities Act</B>&rdquo;), is hereinafter referred to as the &ldquo;<B>Registration Statement</B>&rdquo;,
and the related prospectus covering the Shelf Securities and filed as part of the Registration Statement, together with any amendments
or supplements thereto as of the most recent effective date of the Registration Statement, is hereinafter referred to as the &ldquo;<B>Basic
Prospectus</B>&rdquo;. &ldquo;<B>Prospectus Supplement</B>&rdquo; means the final prospectus supplement, relating to the Shares, filed
by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b)&nbsp;under the Securities Act on or before the second business day after
the date hereof, in the form furnished by the Company to the Managers in connection with the offering of the Shares. Except where the
context otherwise requires, &ldquo;<B>Prospectus</B>&rdquo; means the Basic Prospectus, as supplemented by the Prospectus Supplement
and the most recent Interim Prospectus Supplement (as defined in Section&nbsp;6(c)&nbsp;below), if any. For purposes of this Agreement,
 &ldquo;<B>free writing prospectus</B>&rdquo; has the meaning set forth in Rule&nbsp;405 under the Securities Act. &ldquo;<B>Permitted
Free Writing Prospectuses</B>&rdquo; means the documents listed on Schedule I hereto or otherwise approved in writing by the Managers
in accordance with Section&nbsp;6(b). As used herein, the terms &ldquo;Registration Statement&rdquo;, &ldquo;Basic Prospectus&rdquo;,
 &ldquo;Prospectus Supplement&rdquo;, &ldquo;Interim Prospectus Supplement&rdquo; and &ldquo;Prospectus&rdquo; shall include the documents,
if any, incorporated by reference therein. The terms &ldquo;<B>supplement</B>&rdquo;, &ldquo;<B>amendment</B>&rdquo; and &ldquo;<B>amend</B>&rdquo;
as used herein with respect to the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, any Interim Prospectus Supplement
or the Prospectus shall include all documents subsequently filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended (the &ldquo;<B>Exchange Act</B>&rdquo;), that are deemed to be incorporated by reference therein (each document
incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference into any Registration Statement, Basic Prospectus, Prospectus Supplement,&nbsp;Interim
Prospectus Supplement or Prospectus, whether filed prior to, on or after the date hereof, an &ldquo;<B>Incorporated Document</B>&rdquo;
and collectively, the &ldquo;<B>Incorporated Documents</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Reference is made to the Equity Distribution Agreement,
dated October&nbsp;31, 2019, among the Company and certain of the Managers (the &ldquo;<B>Prior Agreement</B>&rdquo;). The Prior Agreement
is hereby terminated as of the date hereof by mutual agreement of the parties thereto pursuant to section 10(c)&nbsp;thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Representations
and Warranties</I>. The Company represents and warrants to and agrees with each Manager that:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Registration Statement has become effective under the Securities Act; no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration
Statement or preventing or suspending the use of any Prospectus is in effect; and no proceedings for such purpose or pursuant to Section&nbsp;8A
under the Securities Act are pending before or threatened by the Commission. If the Registration Statement is an automatic shelf registration
statement as defined in Rule&nbsp;405 under the Securities Act, the Company is a well-known seasoned issuer (as defined in Rule&nbsp;405
under the Securities Act) eligible to use the Registration Statement as an automatic shelf registration statement, and the Company has
not received notice that the Commission objects to the use of the Registration Statement as an automatic shelf registration statement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&nbsp;(A)&nbsp;At
the respective times the Registration Statement and each amendment thereto became effective, (B)&nbsp;at each deemed effective date with
respect to the Managers pursuant to Rule&nbsp;430B(f)(2)&nbsp;under the Securities Act (each, a &ldquo;<B>Deemed Effective Time</B>&rdquo;),
(C)&nbsp;as of each time Shares are sold pursuant to this Agreement (each, a &ldquo;<B>Time of Sale</B>&rdquo;), (D)&nbsp;at each Settlement
Date (as defined below) and (E)&nbsp;at all times during which a prospectus is required by the Securities Act to be delivered (whether
physically or through compliance with Rule&nbsp;172 under the Securities Act or any similar rule) in connection with any sale of Shares
(the &ldquo;<B>Delivery Period</B>&rdquo;), the Registration Statement complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements
of the Securities Act and the rules&nbsp;and regulations under the Securities Act; (ii)&nbsp;the Basic Prospectus complied, or will comply,
at the time it was, or will be filed, with the Commission, complies as of the date hereof (if filed with the Commission on or prior to
the date hereof) and, as of each Time of Sale and at all times during the Delivery Period, will comply in all material respects with
the requirements of the Securities Act and the rules&nbsp;and regulations under the Securities Act; (iii)&nbsp;each of the Prospectus
Supplement, any Interim Prospectus Supplement and the Prospectus will comply, as of the date that such document is filed with the Commission,
as of each Time of Sale, as of each Settlement Date and at all times during the Delivery Period, in all material respects with the requirements
of the Securities Act and the rules&nbsp;and regulations under the Securities Act; and (iv)&nbsp;the Incorporated Documents, when they
were filed with the Commission, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules&nbsp;and regulations
of the Commission thereunder, and any further Incorporated Documents so filed and incorporated by reference, when they are filed with
the Commission, will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules&nbsp;and regulations of the
Commission thereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&nbsp;As
of the date hereof, at the respective times the Registration Statement and each amendment thereto became effective and at each Deemed
Effective Time, the Registration Statement did not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; (ii)&nbsp;as of each Time of Sale, the
Prospectus (as amended and supplemented at such Time of Sale) and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus then in use, considered together
(collectively, the &ldquo;<B>General Disclosure Package</B>&rdquo;), did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit
to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were
made, not misleading; (iii)&nbsp;as of its date, the Prospectus did not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state
a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading; and (iv)&nbsp;at any Settlement Date, the Prospectus (as amended and supplemented at such Settlement Date) did not and will
not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein,
in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; <I>provided</I>, <I>however</I>, that this representation
and warranty shall not apply to any statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing
to the Company by the Managers expressly for use in the Prospectus or in the General Disclosure Package (it being understood and agreed
that such information consists solely of the information specified in Section&nbsp;8(b)).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Any
free writing prospectus that the Company is required to file pursuant to Rule&nbsp;433(d)&nbsp;under the Securities Act relating to the
offer and sale of the Shares has been, or will be, filed with the Commission in accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act
and the applicable rules&nbsp;and regulations of the Commission thereunder. Each free writing prospectus relating to the offer and sale
of the Shares that the Company has filed, or is required to file, pursuant to Rule&nbsp;433(d)&nbsp;under the Securities Act or that
was prepared by or on behalf of or used or referred to by the Company complies or will comply in all material respects with the requirements
of the Securities Act and the applicable rules&nbsp;and regulations of the Commission thereunder. Each free writing prospectus relating
to the offer and sale of the Shares, as of its issue date and at all subsequent times through the completion of the public offer and
sale of the Shares or until any earlier date that the Company notified or notifies the Managers, did not, does not and will not include
any material information that conflicted, conflicts or will conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement or
the Prospectus. Except for the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, furnished to and approved by the Managers in accordance with
Section&nbsp;6(b), the Company has not prepared, used or referred to, and will not, prepare, use or refer to, any free writing prospectus
relating to the offer and sale of the Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)(A)&nbsp;At
the time of filing the Registration Statement, (B)&nbsp;at the time of the most recent amendment thereto for the purposes of complying
with Section&nbsp;10(a)(3)&nbsp;of the Securities Act (whether such amendment was by post-effective amendment, incorporated report filed
pursuant to Section&nbsp;13 or 15(d)&nbsp;of the Exchange Act or form of prospectus) and (C)&nbsp;at the time the Company or any person
acting on its behalf (within the meaning, for this clause only, of Rule&nbsp;163(c)) made any offer relating to the Shelf Securities
in reliance on the exemption of Rule&nbsp;163 under the Securities Act, the Company was not an &ldquo;ineligible issuer&rdquo; as defined
in Rule&nbsp;405 of the Securities Act; and (ii)(A)&nbsp;at the time of filing of the Registration Statement, (B)&nbsp;at the earliest
time thereafter that the Company or another offering participant made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule&nbsp;164(h)(2)&nbsp;under
the Securities Act) of the Shares and (C)&nbsp;at the date hereof, the Company was not and is not an &ldquo;ineligible issuer&rdquo;
as defined in Rule&nbsp;405 under the Securities Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Shares
of Common Stock are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (&ldquo;<B>NYSE</B>&rdquo;), and the Company has not received any notice from
the NYSE regarding the delisting of such shares from the NYSE. The Shares are duly listed and admitted and authorized for trading, subject
to official notice of issuance, on the NYSE. To the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, there are no affiliations or associations between (i)&nbsp;any
member of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (&ldquo;FINRA&rdquo;) and (ii)&nbsp;the Company or any of the Company&rsquo;s officers,
directors or 5% or greater security holders or any beneficial owner of the Company&rsquo;s unregistered equity securities that were acquired
at any time on or after the 180<SUP>th</SUP> day immediately preceding the date the Registration Statement was initially filed with the
Commission, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(g)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Company has been duly incorporated, is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation,
has the corporate power and authority to own or lease its property and to conduct its business as described in each of the Registration
Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package and is duly qualified to transact business and is in good standing in each
jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business or its ownership or leasing of property requires such qualification, except to the
extent that the failure to be so qualified or be in good standing would not, singly or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect
on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(h)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Each
 &ldquo;significant subsidiary&rdquo; (as such term is defined in Rule&nbsp;405 of the Securities Act) of the Company (each a &ldquo;<B>Subsidiary</B>&rdquo;
and, collectively, the &ldquo;<B>Subsidiaries</B>&rdquo;) has been duly incorporated, organized or formed, is validly existing as a corporation
or other business entity in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, organization or formation, has the
corporate or other business entity power and authority to own or lease its property and to conduct its business as described in each
of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package and is duly qualified to transact business and is in
good standing in each jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business or its ownership or leasing of property requires such qualification,
except to the extent that the failure to be so qualified or be in good standing would not, singly or in the aggregate, have a material
adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole; all of the issued shares of capital stock or other equity interests
of each Subsidiary of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued, are fully paid and non-assessable and are owned directly
by the Company, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, equities or claims.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">This
Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(j)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
authorized and outstanding capitalization of the Company is as set forth in the General Disclosure Package, subject, in each case, to
the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of stock options and warrants disclosed as outstanding in the General Disclosure
Package, and the grant of options under existing stock option plans described in the General Disclosure Package. The authorized capital
stock of the Company conforms as to legal matters to the description thereof contained in, or incorporated by reference into, each of
the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(k)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
shares of Common Stock outstanding prior to the issuance of the Shares have been duly authorized and are validly issued, fully paid and
non-assessable.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(l)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Shares have been duly authorized and, when issued, delivered and paid for in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, will be validly
issued, fully paid and non-assessable, and the issuance of the Shares will not be subject to any preemptive or similar rights.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(m)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
execution and delivery by the Company of, and the performance by the Company of its obligations under, this Agreement will not contravene
any provision of (i)&nbsp;any statute, law, rule, regulation, judgment, order or decree of any governmental body, regulatory or administrative
agency or court having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its subsidiaries, (ii)&nbsp;the certificate of incorporation or by-laws
of the Company, or (iii)&nbsp;any contract, agreement, obligation, covenant or instrument to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries
(or any of their respective assets) is subject or bound that is material to the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, except
that in the case of clauses (i)&nbsp;and (iii)&nbsp;as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on
the Company or on the power and ability of the Company to perform its obligations under this Agreement. No approval, authorization, consent,
or order of, or filing or qualification with, any federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory commission, board, body,
authority, agency or court, is required in connection with the performance by the Company of its obligations under this Agreement, except
(1)&nbsp;such as has previously been obtained, (2)&nbsp;such as may be required by the securities or Blue Sky laws of the various states
in connection with the offer and sale of the Shares or (3)&nbsp;the filing of a supplemental listing application and related materials
with the NYSE.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(n)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">There
has not occurred any material adverse change, or any development involving a prospective material adverse change, in the assets, business,
condition (financial or otherwise), operations or earnings of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, from that set forth
in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(o)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">There
are no actions, suits, claims, or proceedings pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened to which the Company or any of
its subsidiaries or any of their respective directors or officers is or would be (in their capacity as a director or officer of the Company
or a subsidiary) a party or of which any of their respective properties is subject (i)&nbsp;other than any such action, suit, claim,
or proceeding accurately described in all material respects in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure
Package and that would not, singly or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as
a whole, or on the power or ability of the Company to perform its obligations under this Agreement or to consummate the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and the General Disclosure Package or (ii)&nbsp;that are required to be described in the Registration
Statement or the Prospectus and are not so described in all material respects; and there are no statutes, regulations, contracts or other
documents that are required to be described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits to the Registration
Statement that are not described in all material respects or filed as required.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(p)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Company is not, and after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Shares and the application of the proceeds thereof as described
in the General Disclosure Package will not be, required to register as an &ldquo;investment company&rdquo; as such term is defined in
the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(q)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Except
as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package, the Company and each of its subsidiaries
(i)&nbsp;are in compliance with any and all applicable foreign, federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the protection
of human health and safety, water quality, the environment or hazardous or toxic materials, substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants,
including petroleum and petroleum biproducts (&ldquo;<B>Environmental Laws</B>&rdquo;), (ii)&nbsp;have received all permits, licenses
or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses and (iii)&nbsp;are in
compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval, except where such noncompliance with Environmental
Laws, failure to receive required permits, licenses or other approvals or failure to comply with the terms and conditions of such permits,
licenses or approvals would not, singly or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken
as a whole.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(r)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Except
as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package, there are no costs or liabilities associated
with Environmental Laws (including, without limitation, any capital, operating or other expenditures required for clean-up, closure of
properties or compliance with Environmental Laws or any permit, license or approval, any related constraints on operating activities
and any potential liabilities to third parties) which would, singly or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company
and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(s)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">There
are no contracts, agreements or understandings between the Company and any person granting such person the right to require the Company
to file a registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to any securities of the Company or to require the Company to
include such securities with the Shares registered pursuant to the Registration Statement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(t)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&nbsp;None
of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or any director or officer thereof, or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any controlled affiliate,
employee, agent or representative of the Company or of any of its subsidiaries or controlled affiliates, has taken or will take any action
in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization or approval of the payment, giving or receipt of money, property,
gifts or anything else of value, directly or indirectly, to any government official (including any officer or employee of a government
or government-owned or controlled entity or of a public international organization, or any person acting in an official capacity for
or on behalf of any of the foregoing, or any political party or party official or candidate for political office) in order to influence
official action, or to any person in violation of any applicable anti-corruption laws; (ii)&nbsp;the Company and each of its subsidiaries
and controlled affiliates have conducted their businesses in compliance with applicable anti-corruption laws and have instituted and
maintained and will continue to maintain policies and procedures reasonably designed to promote and achieve compliance with such laws
and with the representations and warranties contained herein; and (iii)&nbsp;neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries will use,
directly or indirectly, the proceeds of the offering in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization of the payment
or giving of money, or anything else of value, to any person in violation of any applicable anti-corruption laws.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(u)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
operations of the Company and each of its subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in material compliance with all applicable
financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including those of the Bank Secrecy Act, as amended by Title III of the Uniting and
Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (USA PATRIOT Act), and
the applicable anti-money laundering statutes of jurisdictions where the Company and each of its subsidiaries conduct business, the rules&nbsp;and
regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines issued, administered or enforced by any governmental
agency (collectively, the &ldquo;<B>Anti-Money Laundering Laws</B>&rdquo;), and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court
or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries with respect to the Anti-Money
Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(v)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&nbsp;None
of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or any director or officer thereof, or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any agent, controlled
affiliate, employee, or representative of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, is an individual or entity (&ldquo;<B>Person</B>&rdquo;)
that is, or is owned or controlled by one or more Persons that are:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.5in">(A)&nbsp; the subject of any sanctions
administered or enforced by the U.S. Department of the Treasury&rsquo;s Office of Foreign Assets Control, the U.S. Department of State,
the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, or Her Majesty&rsquo;s Treasury (collectively, &ldquo;<B>Sanctions</B>&rdquo;),
or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.5in">(B)&nbsp; located, organized or resident
in a country or territory that is, or whose government is, the subject of Sanctions (which currently include, without limitation, the
so-called Donetsk People&rsquo;s Republic, the so-called Luhansk People&rsquo;s Republic, the Crimea region of Ukraine, Cuba,&nbsp;Iran,
North Korea, Syria, and Venezuela).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(ii)&nbsp; The Company will not, directly or indirectly,
use the proceeds of the offering, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner
or other Person:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.5in">(A)&nbsp; to fund or facilitate any activities
or business of or with any Person or in any country or territory that, at the time of such funding or facilitation, is the subject of
Sanctions; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.5in">(B)&nbsp; in any other manner that will
result in a violation of Sanctions by any Person (including any Person participating in the offering, whether as underwriter, advisor,
investor or otherwise).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(iii)&nbsp; For the past 10 years, the Company and
each of its subsidiaries have not knowingly engaged in, are not now knowingly engaged in, and will not engage in, any dealings or transactions
with any Person, or in any country or territory, that at the time of the dealing or transaction is or was the subject of Sanctions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(w)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Subsequent
to the respective dates as of which information is given in each of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure
Package, (i)&nbsp;the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, have not incurred any material liability or obligation, direct
or contingent, nor entered into any material transaction that is required to be disclosed in a Form&nbsp;8-K; (ii)&nbsp;the Company has
not purchased any of its outstanding capital stock, other than from its employees or other service providers in connection with the termination
of their service pursuant to equity compensation plans or agreements disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the
General Disclosure Package or in connection with the exercise of the Company&rsquo;s right of first refusal upon a proposed transfer,
nor declared, paid or otherwise made any dividend or distribution of any kind on its capital stock other than ordinary and customary
dividends; and (iii)&nbsp;there has not been any material change in the capital stock (other than the exercise of equity awards or grants
of equity awards or forfeiture of equity awards outstanding as of such respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration
Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package, in each case granted pursuant to the equity compensation plans disclosed
in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package), short-term debt or long-term debt of the Company and
its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, except in each case as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure
Package. Except as otherwise would not, singly or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries,
no subsidiary of the Company is subject to any material direct or indirect prohibition on paying any dividends to the Company, on making
any other distribution on such subsidiary&rsquo;s capital stock, on repaying to the Company any loans or advances to such subsidiary
from the Company or on transferring any of such subsidiary&rsquo;s property or assets to the Company or any other subsidiary of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(x)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Company and each of its subsidiaries (i)&nbsp;have either good title in the easement as listed on the applicable title insurance policy
or good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by them, and (ii)&nbsp;have good and marketable title to all personal
property which is material to the business of the Company and its subsidiaries, in each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances
and defects except (1)&nbsp;such as are disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package, (2)&nbsp;such
as are not material and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and its subsidiaries,
taken as a whole, or (3)&nbsp;as would not, singly or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries,
taken as a whole. Any real property and buildings held under lease by the Company and its subsidiaries are held by them under valid,
subsisting and, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, enforceable leases except in each case (A)&nbsp;such as are disclosed in the Registration
Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package, (B)&nbsp;such as are not material and do not interfere with the use made
and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company and its subsidiaries, or (C)&nbsp;as would not, singly or in the
aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(y)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&nbsp;The
Company and each of its subsidiaries own or have rights to or can acquire on commercially reasonable terms a valid license to all patents,
patent applications, inventions, unregistered and registered copyrights, know how (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or
unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures), designs, unregistered and registered trademarks, service
marks, logos and trade names and all goodwill associated therewith (collectively, &ldquo;<B>Intellectual Property Rights</B>&rdquo;)
described as being owned by the Company or such subsidiary in the General Disclosure Package or which are used in their businesses. Except
as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries
has received any notice alleging any infringement, misappropriation or other violation of Intellectual Property Rights of a third party.
To the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries infringes, misappropriates or otherwise violates, or
has infringed, misappropriated or otherwise violated, any Intellectual Property Rights of a third party. The Company and its subsidiaries
have taken reasonable steps in accordance with customary industry practice to maintain all information intended to be maintained as confidential
or as a trade secret. To the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, no such information or trade secret has been disclosed by the Company or any
of its subsidiaries to any person except pursuant to appropriate non-disclosure and/or license agreements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(z)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&nbsp;The
Company and its subsidiaries have used all software and other materials distributed under a &ldquo;free,&rdquo; &ldquo;open source,&rdquo;
or similar licensing model (including but not limited to the MIT License, Apache License, GNU General Public License, GNU Lesser General
Public License and GNU Affero General Public License) (&ldquo;<B>Open Source Software</B>&rdquo;) in compliance in all material respects
with all license terms applicable to such Open Source Software; and (ii)&nbsp;neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has used
or distributed any Open Source Software in any manner that requires or has required (A)&nbsp;the Company or any of its subsidiaries to
permit reverse engineering of any software code or other technology owned by the Company or any of its subsidiaries or (B)&nbsp;any software
code or other technology owned by the Company or any of its subsidiaries to be (1)&nbsp;disclosed or distributed in source code form,
(2)&nbsp;licensed for the purpose of making derivative works or (3)&nbsp;redistributed at no charge, except in the case of (A)&nbsp;and
(B)&nbsp;above, as would not have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(aa)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Company and each of its subsidiaries have complied in all material respects and are presently in compliance in all material respects
with the Company&rsquo;s privacy and security policies, and with all obligations, applicable laws, rules&nbsp;and regulations regarding
the collection, use, processing, transfer, import, export, storage, protection, disposal and disclosure by the Company or any of its
subsidiaries of personally identifiable information or any other information collected from or provided by third parties.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(bb)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Company and each of its subsidiaries have taken commercially reasonable steps to protect the information technology systems and data
used in connection with the operation of the Company&rsquo;s or its subsidiaries&rsquo; business against loss, unauthorized distribution,
use, access, modification, or other misuse, and have implemented backup and disaster recovery technology consistent with industry standards
and practices in all material respects. To the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus
and the General Disclosure Package, there has been no material security breach or attack or other material misuse or compromise of or
relating to any such information technology system or data, and there is no action, suit or proceeding or claim against the Company or
any of its subsidiaries arising out of alleging any of the foregoing.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(cc)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
financial statements included or incorporated by reference in each of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure
Package, together with the related notes and schedules thereto, present fairly in all material respects the consolidated financial position
of the Company and its subsidiaries as of the dates indicated and the consolidated results of operations, cash flows and changes in stockholders&rsquo;
equity for the periods specified and have been prepared in compliance in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities
Act and the Exchange Act and in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (&ldquo;<B>U.S. GAAP</B>&rdquo;)
applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods covered thereby. The other financial information included or incorporated by reference
in each of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package has been derived from the accounting records
of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries and are fairly presented in all material respects and prepared on a basis consistent
with the financial statements and books and records of the Company. The statistical, industry-related and market-related data included
in each of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package are based on or derived from sources which the
Company reasonably and in good faith believes are reliable and accurate and such data is consistent with the sources from which they
are derived, in each case in all material respects.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(dd)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Deloitte&nbsp;&amp;
Touche LLP, who have expressed its opinion with respect to the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries filed with the
Commission as part of the Registration Statement and included in each of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure
Package, is an independent registered public accounting firm with respect to the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act and
the applicable rules&nbsp;and regulations thereunder adopted by the Commission and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United
States).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ee)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No
material labor dispute with the employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries exists, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement,
the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package, or, to the knowledge of the Company, is threatened; and the Company has no knowledge
of any existing, threatened or imminent labor disturbance by the employees of any of its principal suppliers, manufacturers, contractors
or vendors that could, singly or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ff)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&nbsp;Each
 &ldquo;employee benefit plan&rdquo; (within the meaning of Section&nbsp;3(3)&nbsp;of the Employee Retirement Security Act of 1974, as
amended (&ldquo;<B>ERISA</B>&rdquo;)) for which the Company, any of its subsidiaries or any of their &ldquo;ERISA Affiliates&rdquo; (defined
as any person that for purposes of Title I or Title IV of ERISA or Section&nbsp;412 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
(the &ldquo;<B>Code</B>&rdquo;) would be deemed at any relevant time to be a &ldquo;single employer&rdquo; or otherwise aggregated with
the Company or any of its subsidiaries under Sections 414(b), 414(c), 414(m)&nbsp;or 414(o)&nbsp;of the Code) would have any liability
(each a &ldquo;<B>Plan</B>&rdquo;) has been maintained in compliance in all respects with its terms and with the requirements of all
applicable statutes, rules&nbsp;and regulations including ERISA and the Code except where failure to do so would not have a material
adverse effect; (ii)&nbsp;with respect to each Plan subject to Title IV of ERISA (a)&nbsp;no &ldquo;reportable event&rdquo; (within the
meaning of Section&nbsp;4043(c)&nbsp;of ERISA) has occurred or is reasonably expected to occur that would result in a material adverse
effect, (b)&nbsp;no &ldquo;accumulated funding deficiency&rdquo; (within the meaning of Section&nbsp;302 of ERISA or Section&nbsp;412
of the Code), whether or not waived, has occurred or is reasonably expected to occur that would result in a material adverse effect and
(c)&nbsp;neither the Company, nor any of its subsidiaries nor any of their ERISA Affiliates has incurred, or reasonably expects to incur,
any liability under Title IV of ERISA (other than contributions to the Plan or premiums to the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation in
the ordinary course and without default) in respect of a Plan (including a &ldquo;multiemployer plan&rdquo; within the meaning of Section&nbsp;4001(a)(3)&nbsp;of
ERISA) that would result in a material adverse effect; and (iii)&nbsp;each Plan that is intended to be qualified under Section&nbsp;401(a)&nbsp;of
the Code is so qualified and nothing has occurred, whether by action or by failure to act, which would cause the loss of such qualification
that would result in a material adverse effect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(gg)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Company and each of its subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and
in such amounts as are, in the reasonable judgment of the Company, prudent and customary in the businesses in which they are engaged;
neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for; and neither the Company
nor any of its subsidiaries has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such
coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business at a cost that would
not, singly or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, except as disclosed
in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(hh)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Company and each of its subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state or
foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses, except where the failure to obtain such certificates,
authorizations and permits would not, individually or the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries,
taken as a whole, and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation
or modification of any such certificate, authorization or permit which, singly or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable
decision, ruling or finding, would have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, except as disclosed
in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 14; Value: 2 -->
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Company maintains &ldquo;internal control over financial reporting&rdquo; (as defined in Rules&nbsp;13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange
Act) in compliance with the requirements of the Exchange Act. The Company and each of its subsidiaries maintain a system of internal
accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i)&nbsp;transactions are executed in accordance with management&rsquo;s
general or specific authorizations; (ii)&nbsp;transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in
conformity with U.S. GAAP and to maintain accountability for assets; (iii)&nbsp;access to assets is permitted only in accordance with
management&rsquo;s general or specific authorization; (iv)&nbsp;the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing
assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences; and (v)&nbsp;the interactive data in
eXtensible Business Reporting Language included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement is accurate. Except as described
in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package, since the end of the Company&rsquo;s most recent audited
fiscal year, there has been (i)&nbsp;no significant deficiency or material weakness in the Company&rsquo;s internal control over financial
reporting (whether or not remediated) and (ii)&nbsp;no change in the Company&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(jj)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Company maintains a system of &ldquo;disclosure controls and procedures&rdquo; (as defined in Rules&nbsp;13a-15 and 15d-15 of the Exchange
Act) that complies with the requirements of the Exchange Act and that has been designed to provide reasonable assurance that information
required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized
and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission&rsquo;s rules&nbsp;and forms, including controls and procedures designed
to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company&rsquo;s management as appropriate to allow timely decisions
regarding required disclosure. The Company has carried out evaluations of the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures
as required by Rule&nbsp;13a-15 of the Exchange Act and such disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the Company&rsquo;s
most recently completed fiscal quarter. The principal executive officers (or their equivalents) and principal financial officers (or
their equivalents) of the Company have made all certifications required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and any related rules&nbsp;and
regulations promulgated by the Commission (the &ldquo;<B>Sarbanes-Oxley Act</B>&rdquo;), and the statements made in each such certification
are accurate. The Company, its subsidiaries and, to its knowledge, its directors and officers are each in compliance in all material
respects with the applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(kk)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Company and each of its subsidiaries have filed all federal, state, local and foreign tax returns required to be filed through the date
of this Agreement or have requested extensions thereof and have paid all taxes, including any interest, additions to tax or penalties
applicable thereto, required to be paid thereon (except where the failure to file or pay would not, singly or in the aggregate, have
a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or, except as currently being contested in good faith
and for which reserves required by U.S. GAAP have been created in the financial statements of the Company), and no tax deficiency has
been determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries which has had (nor does the Company nor any of its subsidiaries have
any notice or knowledge of any tax deficiency which could reasonably be expected to be determined adversely to the Company or its subsidiaries
and which could reasonably be expected to have) a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ll)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
interactive data in eXtensible Business Reporting Language included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement fairly
presents the information called for in all material respects and has been prepared in accordance with the Commission&rsquo;s rules&nbsp;and
guidelines applicable thereto.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(mm)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Neither
the Company nor any of its subsidiaries nor, to their knowledge, any of their respective directors, officers, affiliates or controlling
persons has taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed, or which has constituted or might reasonably be expected to cause or
result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(nn)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Neither
the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has taken, directly or indirectly, any action prohibited by Regulation M under the Exchange Act
in connection with the distribution of the Shares contemplated hereby. The Common Stock is an &ldquo;actively traded security&rdquo;
excepted from the requirements of Rule&nbsp;101 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act by subsection (c)(1)&nbsp;of such rule.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Sale
of Securities.</I> On the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements herein contained, but subject to the terms and conditions
herein set forth, the Company and each Manager agree that the Company may from time to time seek to sell Shares through a Manager, acting
as sales agent (the &ldquo;<B>Selling Manager</B>&rdquo;) as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Company may submit its orders (any such order, a &ldquo;<B>Placement Notice</B>&rdquo;) to the Selling Manager by telephone or email
(including any price thresholds, time or size limits or other customary parameters or conditions) to sell Shares on any Trading Day (as
defined herein) which order shall be confirmed by such Selling Manager (and accepted by the Company) by email using a form substantially
similar to that attached hereto as Exhibit&nbsp;A. As used herein, &ldquo;<B>Trading Day</B>&rdquo; shall mean any trading day on the
NYSE, other than a day on which the NYSE is scheduled to close prior to its regular weekday closing time.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Subject
to the terms and conditions hereof, the Selling Manager shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to execute any Placement Notice
submitted to it hereunder to sell Shares and with respect to which such Selling Manager has agreed to act as sales agent. The Company
acknowledges and agrees that (i)&nbsp;there can be no assurance that such Selling Manager will be successful in selling the Shares, (ii)&nbsp;such
Selling Manager will incur no liability or obligation to the Company or any other person or entity if it does not sell Shares for any
reason other than a failure by the Selling Manager to use its reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices
to sell such Shares as required under this Agreement and (iii)&nbsp;such Selling Manager shall be under no obligation to purchase Shares
on a principal basis pursuant to this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Company shall not authorize the issuance and sale of, and the Selling Manager shall not sell, any Share at a price lower than the minimum
price therefor designated by the Company pursuant to Section&nbsp;2(a)&nbsp;above, or in an amount that, when added to the aggregate
gross sales price previously purchased and to be purchased pursuant to pending sales pursuant to this Agreement, exceeds an aggregates
gross sales price of $350,000,000. In addition, the Company or such Selling Manager may, upon notice to the other party hereto by telephone
(confirmed promptly by email or facsimile), suspend an offering of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement; <I>provided</I>, <I>however</I>,
that such suspension or termination shall not affect or impair the parties&rsquo; respective obligations with respect to the Shares sold
hereunder prior to the giving of such notice.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Selling Manager shall provide written confirmation (which may be by facsimile or email) to the Company following the close of trading
on the NYSE each day in which Shares are sold under this Agreement setting forth (i)&nbsp;the amount of Shares sold on such day, (ii)&nbsp;the
gross offering proceeds received from such sale and (iii)&nbsp;the compensation payable by the Company to such Selling Manager with respect
to such sales pursuant to Section&nbsp;3.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">At
each Time of Sale, Settlement Date and Representation Date (as defined below), the Company shall be deemed to have affirmed each representation
and warranty contained in this Agreement and to have affirmed its compliance with the covenants and agreements contained in this Agreement.
Any obligation of the Selling Manager to use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell the Shares on behalf of the Company as sales
agent shall be subject to the continuing accuracy of the representations and warranties and continuing compliance with the covenants
and agreements of the Company herein, to the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder and to the continuing satisfaction
of the additional conditions specified in Section&nbsp;5 of this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Notwithstanding
any other provision of this Agreement, the Company and the Managers agree that no sales of Shares shall take place, the Company shall
not request the sales of any Shares that would be sold and the Managers shall not be obligated to sell or offer to sell, during any period
in which the Company&rsquo;s insider trading policy, as it exists on the date of this Agreement, would prohibit the purchase or sale
of Common Stock by persons subject to such policy, or during any other period in which the Company is, or could be deemed to be, in possession
of material non-public information.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Fee.
</I>The compensation to the Selling Manager for sales of the Shares with respect to which such Selling Manager acts as sales agents hereunder
shall be equal to 1.00% of the gross offering proceeds of the Shares sold by such Selling Manager pursuant to this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Payment,
Delivery and Other Obligations.</I> Settlement for sales of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement will occur on the second Trading Day
(or such earlier day as is industry practice for regular-way trading) following the date on which such sales are made (each such day,
a &ldquo;<B>Settlement Date</B>&rdquo;). On each Settlement Date, the Shares sold through the Selling Manager for settlement on such
date shall be issued and delivered by the Company to such Manager against payment of the net proceeds from the sale of such Shares. Settlement
for all such Shares shall be effected by free delivery of the Shares by the Company or its transfer agent to the Selling Manager&rsquo;s
or its designee&rsquo;s account (<I>provided</I> that such Selling Manager shall have given the Company written notice of such designee
prior to the Settlement Date) at The Depository Trust Company or by such other means of delivery as may be mutually agreed upon by the
Company and the Selling Manager, which in all cases shall be freely tradable, transferable, registered shares in good deliverable form,
in return for payment in same day funds delivered to the account designated by the Company. If the Company, or its transfer agent (if
applicable), shall default on its obligation to deliver the Shares on any Settlement Date, the Company shall (i)&nbsp;hold the Selling
Manager harmless against any loss, claim, damage, or expense (including reasonable legal fees and expenses), as incurred, arising out
of or in connection with such default by the Company and (ii)&nbsp;pay such Selling Manager any commission, discount or other compensation
to which it would otherwise be entitled absent such default.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Conditions
to the Managers&rsquo; Obligations</I>. The obligations of the Managers are subject to the following conditions:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Since
the later of (A)&nbsp;the date of this Agreement and (B)&nbsp;the immediately preceding Representation Date:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.75in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">no
order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall be in effect, and no proceeding for such purpose or pursuant to
Section&nbsp;8A under the Securities Act shall be pending before or threatened by the Commission;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.75in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">there
shall not have occurred any downgrading, nor shall any notice have been given of any intended or potential downgrading or of any review
for a possible change that does not indicate the direction of the possible change, in the rating accorded any of the securities of the
Company or any of its subsidiaries by any &ldquo;nationally recognized statistical rating organization&rdquo;, as such term is defined
in Section&nbsp;3(a)(62) of the Exchange Act; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.75in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iii)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">there
shall not have occurred any change, or any development involving a prospective change, in the assets, business, condition (financial
or otherwise), operations or earnings of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, from the respective dates of the Registration
Statement, the Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package that, in the Managers&rsquo; judgment, is material and adverse and that
makes it, in the Managers&rsquo; judgment, impracticable to market the Shares on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Managers shall have received on each date specified in Section&nbsp;6(l)&nbsp;a certificate, dated such date and signed by an executive
officer of the Company, to the effect set forth in Sections 5(a)(i)&nbsp;and 5(a)(ii)&nbsp;above and to the effect that (i)&nbsp;the
representations and warranties of the Company contained in this Agreement are true and correct as of such date; (ii)&nbsp;the Company
has complied with all of the agreements and satisfied all of the conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied hereunder on or
before such date; (iii)&nbsp;no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued and no proceeding
for that purpose has been initiated or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened by the Commission; (iv)&nbsp;the Prospectus Supplement,
any Interim Prospectus Supplement and each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus have been timely filed with the Commission under the Securities
Act (in the case of a Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, to the extent required by Rule&nbsp;433 under the Securities Act), and all requests
for additional information on the part of the Commission have been complied with or otherwise satisfied; (v)&nbsp;as of such date and
as of each Time of Sale, if any, prior to such date, the Registration Statement did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact
or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; and (vi)&nbsp;as
of such date and as of each Time of Sale, if any, prior to such date, the General Disclosure Package did not contain any untrue statement
of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the
light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; <I>provided</I>, <I>however</I>, that no such certificate shall
apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by
the Managers expressly for use in the General Disclosure Package (it being understood and agreed that such information consists solely
of the information specified in Section&nbsp;8(b)).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The officer signing and delivering such certificate
may rely upon the best of his or her knowledge as to proceedings threatened.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Managers shall have received on each date specified in Section&nbsp;6(m), and on such other dates as may be reasonably requested by the
Managers, an opinion and negative assurance letter of Gibson, Dunn&nbsp;&amp; Crutcher LLP, outside counsel for the Company, dated such
date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Managers.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Managers shall have received on the initial Representation Date, and on such other dates as may be reasonably requested by the Managers
in the event there is a change in the California Public Utilities Code that could regulate the issuance of the Shares, an opinion of
Nossaman LLP, regulatory counsel for the Company, regarding certain regulatory matters, dated such date, in form and substance reasonably
satisfactory to the Managers.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Managers shall have received on each date specified in Section&nbsp;6(n), and on such other dates as may be reasonably requested by the
Managers, an opinion and negative assurance letter of Shearman&nbsp;&amp; Sterling LLP, counsel for the Managers, dated such date, in
form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Managers.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The opinions of counsel for the Company described
in Section&nbsp;5(c)&nbsp;and Section&nbsp;5(d)&nbsp;above shall be rendered to the Managers at the request of the Company and shall
so state therein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Managers shall have received on each date specified in Section&nbsp;6(o), a letter dated such date in form and substance reasonably satisfactory
to the Managers, from Deloitte&nbsp;&amp; Touche LLP, independent public accountants for the Company, (A)&nbsp;confirming that they are
an independent registered public accounting firm within the meaning of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board, (B)&nbsp;stating, as of such date, the conclusions and findings of such firm with respect to the financial information
and other matters ordinarily covered by accountants&rsquo; &ldquo;comfort letters&rdquo; to underwriters in connection with registered
public offerings (the first such letter, the &ldquo;<B>Initial Comfort Letter</B>&rdquo;) and (C)&nbsp;updating the Initial Comfort Letter
with any information that would have been included in the Initial Comfort Letter had it been given on such date and modified as necessary
to relate to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus or any issuer free writing prospectus relating to
the offer and sale of the Shares, as amended and supplemented to the date of such letter.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(g)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">All
filings with the Commission required by Rule&nbsp;424 under the Securities Act in connection with the offer and sale of the Shares have
been filed by each Time of Sale or related Settlement Date shall have been made within the applicable time period prescribed for such
filing by Rule&nbsp;424 (without reliance on Rule&nbsp;424(b)(8)).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(h)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Shares shall have been approved for listing on the NYSE, subject only to a notice of issuance at or prior to the applicable Settlement
Date.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Common Stock shall be an &ldquo;actively-traded security&rdquo; excepted from the requirements of Rule&nbsp;101 of Regulation M under
the Exchange Act by subsection (c)(1)&nbsp;of such rule.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Covenants
of the Company</I>. The Company covenants with the Managers as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">To
furnish to the Managers copies of the Registration Statement (excluding exhibits) and copies of the Prospectus (or the Prospectus as
amended or supplemented) in such quantities as the Managers may from time to time reasonably request. In case a Manager is required to
deliver, under the Securities Act (whether physically or through compliance with Rule&nbsp;172 under the Securities Act or any similar
rule), a prospectus relating to the Shares after the nine-month period referred to in Section&nbsp;10(a)(3)&nbsp;of the Securities Act,
or after the time a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement is required pursuant to Item 512(a)&nbsp;of Regulation S-K
under the Securities Act, upon the request of any Manager, and at its own expense, the Company shall prepare and deliver to each Manager
as many copies as each Manager may reasonably request of an amended Registration Statement or amended or supplemented prospectus complying
with Item 512(a)&nbsp;of Regulation S-K or Section&nbsp;10(a)(3)&nbsp;of the Securities Act, as the case may be; <I>provided</I>, <I>however</I>,
that the Company shall not be required to furnish any document (other than the Prospectus) to the Managers to the extent such document
is available on the Commission&rsquo;s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system or any successor system thereto (&ldquo;<B>EDGAR</B>&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Before
amending or supplementing the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, other than amendments or supplements deemed to be made by filing
an Incorporated Document, to furnish to the Managers a copy of each such proposed amendment or supplement and not to file any such proposed
amendment or supplement to which any Manager reasonably objects (other than any prospectus supplement relating to the offering of Shelf
Securities other than the Shares). To furnish to the Managers a copy of each proposed free writing prospectus relating to the offer and
sale of Shares to be prepared by or on behalf of, used by, or referred to by the Company and not to use or refer to any proposed free
writing prospectus relating to the offer and sale of Shares to which any Manager reasonably objects. Not to take any action that would
result in a Manager or the Company being required to file with the Commission pursuant to Rule&nbsp;433(d)&nbsp;under the Securities
Act a free writing prospectus relating to the offer and sale of Shares prepared by or on behalf of such Manager that such Manager otherwise
would not have been required to file thereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">To
file, subject to Section&nbsp;6(b)&nbsp;above, promptly all reports and any definitive proxy or information statements required to be
filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section&nbsp;13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d)&nbsp;of the Exchange Act subsequent to the
date of the Prospectus Supplement and for the duration of the Delivery Period. For the duration of the Delivery Period, to include in
its quarterly reports on Form&nbsp;10-Q, and in its annual reports on Form&nbsp;10-K, a summary detailing, for the relevant reporting
period, (i)&nbsp;the number of Shares sold through the Managers pursuant to this Agreement, (ii)&nbsp;the net proceeds received by the
Company from such sales and (iii)&nbsp;the compensation paid by the Company to the Managers with respect to such sales (or alternatively,
to prepare a prospectus supplement (each, an &ldquo;<B>Interim Prospectus Supplement</B>&rdquo;) with such summary information and, at
least once a quarter and subject to Section&nbsp;6(b)&nbsp;above, file such Interim Prospectus Supplement pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b)&nbsp;under
the Securities Act (and within the time periods required by Rule&nbsp;424(b)&nbsp;and Rules&nbsp;430A, 430B or 430C under the Securities
Act)).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">To
file any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus to the extent required by Rule&nbsp;433 under the Securities Act and to provide copies of
the Prospectus and such Prospectus Supplement and each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus (to the extent not previously delivered or filed
on EDGAR) to each Manager via email in &ldquo;.pdf&rdquo; format on such filing date to an email account designated by each Manager and,
at any Manager&rsquo;s request, to also furnish copies of the Prospectus and such Prospectus Supplement to the NYSE and each other exchange
or market on which sales of the Shares were effected, in each case, as may be required by the rules&nbsp;or regulations of the NYSE or
such other exchange or market.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">During
the Delivery Period to advise the Managers, promptly after it receives notice thereof, of the issuance of any stop order by the Commission,
of the suspension of the qualification of the Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, of the initiation or threatening of any
proceeding for any such purpose, or of any request by the Commission for the amending or supplementing of the Registration Statement,
the Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or for additional information; and, in the event of
the issuance of any such stop order or of any order preventing or suspending the use of any prospectus relating to the Shares or suspending
any such qualification, to promptly use its best efforts to obtain its withdrawal.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">If,
after the date hereof and during the Delivery Period, either (i)&nbsp;any event shall occur or condition exist as a result of which the
Prospectus would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements
therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or (ii)&nbsp;for any other reason it shall be
necessary during such same period to amend or supplement the Prospectus or to file any document in order to comply with the Securities
Act or the Exchange Act, to promptly advise the Managers by telephone (with confirmation in writing or email) and to promptly prepare
and file, subject to Section&nbsp;6(b)&nbsp;above, with the Commission an amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the
Prospectus which will correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance and to furnish to the Managers as many copies as the
Managers may reasonably request of such amendment or supplement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(g)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">To
endeavor to qualify the Shares for offer and sale under the securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions as the Managers shall reasonably
request and to continue such qualifications in effect so long as necessary under such laws for the distribution of the Shares; provided,
however, that nothing contained herein shall require the Company to qualify to do business in any jurisdiction or to execute a general
consent to service of process in any jurisdiction in which it is not otherwise subject.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(h)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">To
make generally available to the Company&rsquo;s security holders and to the Managers as soon as practicable an earnings statement covering
a period of at least 12 months beginning with the first fiscal quarter of the Company occurring after the date of this Agreement which
shall satisfy the provisions of Section&nbsp;11(a)&nbsp;of the Securities Act and the rules&nbsp;and regulations of the Commission thereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Whether
or not the transactions contemplated in this Agreement are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, to pay or cause to be paid all
expenses incident to the performance of its obligations under this Agreement, including: (i)&nbsp; the fees, disbursements and expenses
of the Company&rsquo;s counsel and the fees, disbursements and expenses of the Company&rsquo;s accountants, each in connection with the
registration and delivery of the Shares under the Securities Act and all other fees or expenses in connection with the preparation and
filing of the Registration Statement, any Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus, any free writing prospectus relating to the offer and
sale of the Shares prepared by or on behalf of, used by, or referred to by the Company and amendments and supplements to any of the foregoing,
including the filing fees payable to the Commission relating to the Shares (within the time required by Rule&nbsp;456(b)(1), if applicable),
all printing costs associated therewith, and the mailing and delivering of copies thereof to each of the Managers, in the quantities
hereinabove specified, (ii)&nbsp;all costs and expenses related to the transfer and delivery of the Shares, including any transfer or
other taxes payable thereon, (iii)&nbsp;all expenses in connection with the qualification of the Shares for offer and sale under state
securities laws as provided in Section&nbsp;6(g)&nbsp;above, including filing fees and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel
for the Managers in connection with such qualification, (iv)&nbsp;all filing fees and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel
to the Managers (up to an amount not to exceed $10,000) incurred in connection with review and qualification by FINRA of the offering
contemplated by this Agreement, (v)&nbsp;all costs and expenses incident to listing the Shares on the NYSE, (vi)&nbsp;the costs and charges
of any transfer agent, registrar or depositary, and (vii)&nbsp;all other costs and expenses incident to the performance of the obligations
of the Company hereunder for which provision is not otherwise made in this Section&nbsp;6. It is understood, however, that except as
provided in this Section&nbsp;6 and Section&nbsp;8, each Manager will pay all of its costs and expenses, including any advertising expenses
connected with any offers such Manager may make.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(j)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">In
the event this Agreement has not been terminated, if the third anniversary of the initial effective date of the Registration Statement
occurs before all the Shares have been sold, prior to such third anniversary, to file, subject to Section&nbsp;6(b), a new shelf registration
statement and to take any other action necessary to permit the public offering of the Shares to continue without interruption (references
herein to the Registration Statement shall include the new registration statement declared effective by the Commission).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(k)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">To
use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Shares to be listed for trading on the NYSE and to maintain such listing.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(l)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Upon
commencement of the offering of the Shares under this Agreement (and upon the recommencement of the offering of the Shares under this
Agreement following the termination of a suspension of sales hereunder), and each time that (i)&nbsp;the Registration Statement or the
Prospectus is amended or supplemented (other than (x)&nbsp;amendments or supplements deemed to be made by filing an Incorporated Document
or (y)&nbsp;a prospectus supplement relating solely to the offering of Shelf Securities other than the Shares) or (ii)&nbsp;there is
filed with the Commission any document incorporated by reference into the Prospectus (other than a Current Report on Form&nbsp;8-K, unless
the Managers shall otherwise reasonably request and the Managers reasonably determine that the information contained in, or incorporated
by reference into, such Form&nbsp;8-K is material to a holder of Common Stock or to an offering of the Shares) (such commencement date
(and any such recommencement date, if applicable) and each such date referred to in (i)&nbsp;and (ii)&nbsp;above, a &ldquo;<B>Representation
Date</B>&rdquo;), to furnish or cause to be furnished to the Managers forthwith a certificate dated and delivered within two business
days of such Representation Date, in form reasonably satisfactory to the Managers, to the effect that the statements contained in the
certificate referred to in Section&nbsp;5(b)&nbsp;of this Agreement are true and correct at the time of such commencement, recommencement,
amendment, supplement or filing, as the case may be, as though made at and as of such time modified as necessary to relate to the Registration
Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to the time of delivery of such certificate. The requirement to deliver a certificate
under this Section&nbsp;6(l), other than the requirement to deliver a certificate under this Section&nbsp;6(l)&nbsp;when the Company
files an Annual Report on Form&nbsp;10-K under the Exchange Act, shall be automatically waived at a time at which no Placement Notice
is pending (a &ldquo;<B>Waiver</B>&rdquo;), which Waiver shall continue until the earlier to occur of the date the Company delivers a
Placement Notice hereunder (which for such calendar quarter shall be considered a Representation Date) and the next occurring Representation
Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company subsequently decides to sell Shares following a Representation Date when the Company
relied on a Waiver and did not provide the Managers with a certificate under this Section&nbsp;6(l), then before the Company delivers
the Placement Notice or a Selling Manager sells any Shares, the Company shall provide the Manager with a certificate required under this
Section&nbsp;6(l), dated the date of the Placement Notice.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(m)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&nbsp;On
the initial Representation Date and thereafter within two business days of each subsequent Representation Date for which the Company
delivers a certificate pursuant to Section&nbsp;6(l), the Company shall cause to be furnished to the Managers, dated as of such date,
in form and substance satisfactory to the Managers, the written opinion and negative assurance letter of Gibson, Dunn&nbsp;&amp; Crutcher
LLP, outside counsel for the Company, as described in Section&nbsp;5(c), modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement
and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to the time of delivery of such opinion; and (ii)&nbsp;on the initial Representation Date,
the Company shall cause to be furnished to the Managers, dated as of such date, in form and substance satisfactory to the Managers, the
written opinion of Nossaman LLP, outside regulatory counsel for the Company, as described in Section&nbsp;5(d), modified as necessary
to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to the time of delivery of such opinion.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(n)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">On
the initial Representation Date and thereafter within two business days of each subsequent Representation Date for which the Company
delivers a certificate pursuant to Section&nbsp;6(l), Shearman&nbsp;&amp; Sterling LLP, counsel to the Managers, shall furnish to the
Managers, dated as of such date, in form and substance satisfactory to the Managers, the written opinion and negative assurance letter,
as described in Section&nbsp;5(e), modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented
to the time of delivery of such opinion.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">With respect to Sections&nbsp;6(m)&nbsp;and 6(n)&nbsp;above,
in lieu of delivering such an opinion and negative assurance letter for dates subsequent to the commencement of the offering of the Shares
under this Agreement such counsel may furnish the Managers with a letter to the effect that the Managers may rely on a prior opinion
and negative assurance letter delivered under Section&nbsp;6(m)&nbsp;or Section&nbsp;6(n), as the case may be, to the same extent as
if it were dated the date of such letter (except that statements in such prior opinion shall be deemed to relate to the Registration
Statement and the Prospectus as amended or supplemented as of such subsequent Representation Date).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(o)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Upon
commencement of the offering of the Shares under this Agreement (and upon the recommencement of the offering of the Shares under this
Agreement following the termination of a suspension of sales hereunder) and within two business days of each time that (i)&nbsp;the Registration
Statement or the Prospectus is amended or supplemented to include additional financial information (other than (x)&nbsp;amendments or
supplements deemed to be made by filing an Incorporated Document or (y)&nbsp;a prospectus supplement relating solely to the offering
of Shelf Securities other than the Shares), (ii)&nbsp;the Company files an annual report on Form&nbsp;10-K or quarterly report on Form&nbsp;10-Q,
(iii)&nbsp;there is filed with the Commission any document (other than an annual report on Form&nbsp;10-K or quarterly report on Form&nbsp;10-Q)
incorporated by reference into the Prospectus which contains additional or amended financial information if the Managers reasonably request
and the Managers reasonably determine that such information is material to a holder of Common Stock or to an offering of the Shares or
(iv)&nbsp;on such other dates as may be reasonably requested by the Managers, Deloitte&nbsp;&amp; Touche LLP, independent public accountants
of the Company, shall deliver to the Managers the comfort letter(s)&nbsp;described in Section&nbsp;5(f).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(p)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">To
comply with the Due Diligence Protocol attached hereto on Schedule&nbsp;II and any other due diligence review or call reasonably requested
by any of the Managers, unless a Waiver is applicable. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company subsequently decides to sell Shares
following a Representation Date when the Company relied on a Waiver, then the Company shall comply with the Due Diligence Protocol before
the Company delivers a Placement Notice (which for such calendar quarter shall be considered a Representation Date) or a Selling Manager
sells any Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(q)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">To
reserve and keep available at all times, free of preemptive rights, Shares for the purpose of enabling the Company to satisfy its obligations
hereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(r)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">That
it consents to each Manager trading in the Common Stock for such Manager&rsquo;s own accounts and for the account of its clients at the
same time as sales of the Shares occur pursuant to this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(s)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">That
each acceptance by the Company of an offer to purchase the Shares hereunder shall be deemed to be an affirmation to the Managers for
the purpose of performing their obligations pursuant to this Agreement that the representations and warranties of the Company contained
in or made pursuant to this Agreement are true and correct as of such date, and an undertaking that such representations and warranties
will be true and correct, as of the Time of Sale and the Settlement Date for the Shares relating to such acceptance as though made at
and as of each of such dates (except that such representations and warranties shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement
and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented relating to such Shares); for clarification, the affirmation of the representations and
warranties shall not be used for any purpose other than performing their obligations pursuant to this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(t)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Prior
to instructing a Selling Manager pursuant to Section&nbsp;2 hereof to make sales on any given day (or as otherwise agreed between the
Company and the Managers), a subcommittee of the Company&rsquo;s board of directors (the &ldquo;<B>Board</B>&rdquo;), authorized by either
the Board or any authorized committee of the Board, (i)&nbsp;shall have approved the minimum price and maximum number of Shares to be
sold and (ii)&nbsp;shall have provided to the Company an authorizing resolution approving such minimum price and maximum number. The
Placement Notice provided to such Selling Manager by the Company, pursuant to Section&nbsp;2, on such day shall reflect the terms of
such authorizing resolution.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(u)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Not
to sell, offer to sell, contract or agree to sell, hypothecate, pledge, grant any option to sell or otherwise dispose of or agree to
dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of the Common Stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for
the Common Stock or warrants or other rights to purchase the Common Stock or any other securities of the Company that are substantially
similar to the Common Stock or permit the registration under the Securities Act of any shares of the Common Stock, except for (i)&nbsp;the
registration of the Shares and the sales through the Managers pursuant to this Agreement, (ii)&nbsp;any shares of Common Stock issued
by the Company upon the exercise of an option or warrant or the conversion of a security outstanding on the date hereof and referred
to in the Prospectus, (iii)&nbsp;any shares of Common Stock issued or options to purchase Common Stock granted pursuant to existing employee
benefit plans of the Company or (iv)&nbsp;any shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to any non-employee director stock plan, equity
incentive plan, dividend reinvestment plan or stock purchase plan of the Company, during the Delivery Period, without (A)&nbsp;giving
the Managers at least three business days&rsquo; prior written notice specifying the nature of the proposed sale and the date of such
proposed sale and (B)&nbsp;the Managers suspending activity under this program for such period of time as requested by the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(v)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">That
any offer to sell, any solicitation of an offer to buy or any sales of Shares shall be effected by or through only one of the Managers
on any single given day, but in no event by more than one, and the Company shall in no event request that more than one Manager sell
Shares on the same day.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(w)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Company will not (i)&nbsp;take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that would constitute or that might reasonably be expected
to cause or result in, under the Exchange Act or otherwise, unlawful stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the
Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares or (ii)&nbsp;sell, bid for, purchase or pay any person any compensation for soliciting
purchases of the Shares except pursuant to this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Covenants
of the Managers</I>. Each Manager covenants with the Company as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Not
to take any action that would result in the Company being required to file with the Commission under Rule&nbsp;433(d)&nbsp;a free writing
prospectus prepared by or on behalf of a Manager that otherwise would not be required to be filed by the Company thereunder, but for
the action of such Manager.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">To
keep Placement Notices submitted pursuant to this Agreement, including the content and existence thereof, strictly confidential, to not
use such information other than for fulfilling its obligations under this Agreement, and to not disclose such information, except: (a)&nbsp;as
required or requested by applicable law, regulation, regulatory or legal process, or (b)&nbsp;to its employees and representatives who
need to know such information for fulfilling its obligations under this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Indemnity
and Contribution.</I> (a)&nbsp;The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each of the Managers, the directors, officers, employees,
affiliates and agents of any Manager, and each person, if any, who controls any of the Managers within the meaning of either Section&nbsp;15
of the Securities Act or Section&nbsp;20 of the Exchange Act and each affiliate of each of the Managers within the meaning of Rule&nbsp;405
under the Securities Act from and against any and all losses, claims, damages and liabilities (including, without limitation, any legal
or other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with defending or investigating any such action or claim) that arise out of, or are
based upon, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus,
the Prospectus Supplement (including any Interim Prospectus Supplement), the General Disclosure Package, any free writing prospectus
that the Company has filed, or is required to file, pursuant to Rule&nbsp;433(d)&nbsp;under the Securities Act, or any amendment or supplement
thereto, or arise out of, or are based upon, any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, except insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities arise
out of, or are based upon, any such untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in
conformity with any information relating to the Managers furnished to the Company in writing by the Managers expressly for use therein
(it being understood and agreed that such information consists solely of the information specified in Section&nbsp;8(b)).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Managers, severally and not jointly, agree to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its directors, its officers, and each person,
if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of either Section&nbsp;15 of the Securities Act or Section&nbsp;20 of the Exchange
Act to the same extent as the foregoing indemnity from the Company to the Managers, but only with reference to information relating to
the Managers furnished to the Company in writing by the Managers expressly for use in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the
Prospectus Supplement (including any Interim Prospectus Supplement), the General Disclosure Package, any free writing prospectus that
the Company has filed, or is required to file, pursuant to Rule&nbsp;433(d)&nbsp;under the Securities Act, or any amendment or supplement
thereto (it being understood and agreed that such information consists solely of the following information in the Prospectus: (i)&nbsp;the
names of the Managers, and (ii)&nbsp;the first through fifth sentences in the last paragraph in the section &ldquo;Plan of Distribution.&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">In
case any proceeding (including any governmental investigation) shall be instituted involving any person in respect of which indemnity
may be sought pursuant to Section&nbsp;8(a)&nbsp;or 8(b), such person (the &ldquo;<B>indemnified party</B>&rdquo;) shall promptly notify
the person against whom such indemnity may be sought (the &ldquo;<B>indemnifying party</B>&rdquo;) in writing, and the indemnifying party,
upon request of the indemnified party, shall retain counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party to represent the indemnified
party and any others the indemnifying party may designate in such proceeding and shall pay the fees and disbursements of such counsel
related to such proceeding. In any such proceeding, any indemnified party shall have the right to retain its own counsel, but the fees
and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such indemnified party unless (i)&nbsp;the indemnifying party and the indemnified
party shall have mutually agreed to the retention of such counsel or (ii)&nbsp;the named parties to any such proceeding (including any
impleaded parties) include both the indemnifying party and the indemnified party and representation of both parties by the same counsel
would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between them. It is understood that the indemnifying party shall
not, in respect of the legal expenses of any indemnified party in connection with any proceeding or related proceedings in the same jurisdiction,
be liable for the fees and expenses of more than one separate firm (in addition to any local counsel) for all such indemnified parties
and that all such fees and expenses shall be reimbursed as they are incurred. Such firm shall be designated in writing by the applicable
Manager or Managers, in the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section&nbsp;8(a), and by the Company, in the case of parties indemnified
pursuant to Section&nbsp;8(b). The indemnifying party shall not be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written
consent, but if settled with such consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff, the indemnifying party agrees to indemnify
the indemnified party from and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement or judgment. Notwithstanding the foregoing
sentence, if at any time an indemnified party shall have requested an indemnifying party to reimburse the indemnified party for fees
and expenses of counsel as contemplated by the second and third sentences of this paragraph, the indemnifying party agrees that it shall
be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent if (i)&nbsp;such settlement is entered into more
than 30 days after receipt by such indemnifying party of the aforesaid request and (ii)&nbsp;such indemnifying party shall not have reimbursed
the indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement. No indemnifying party shall, without the
prior written consent of the indemnified party, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened proceeding in respect of which any
indemnified party is or could have been a party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such indemnified party, unless such
settlement includes an unconditional release of such indemnified party from all liability on claims that are the subject matter of such
proceeding.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">To
the extent the indemnification provided for in Section&nbsp;8(a)&nbsp;or 8(b)&nbsp;is unavailable to an indemnified party or insufficient
in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to therein, then each indemnifying party under such paragraph, in lieu
of indemnifying such indemnified party thereunder, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result
of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (i)&nbsp;in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received
by the Company, on the one hand, and the applicable Manager or Managers, on the other hand, from the offering of the Shares or (ii)&nbsp;if
the allocation provided by Section&nbsp;8(d)(i)&nbsp;above is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to
reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in Section&nbsp;8(d)(i)&nbsp;above but also the relative fault of the Company, on
the one hand, and of the applicable Manager or Managers, on the other hand, in connection with the statements or omissions that resulted
in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received
by the Company, on the one hand, and the applicable Manager or Managers, on the other hand, in connection with the offering of the Shares
shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the net proceeds from the offering of the Shares (before deducting expenses)
received by the Company bear to the total commissions received by the applicable Manager or Managers. The relative fault of the Company,
on the one hand, and the applicable Manager or Managers, on the other hand, shall be determined by reference to, among other things,
whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates
to information supplied by the Company or by the Managers and the parties&rsquo; relative intent, knowledge, access to information and
opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 29; Value: 2 -->
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Company and each Manager agree that it would not be just or equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section&nbsp;8 were determined
by <I>pro rata</I> allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred
to in Section&nbsp;8(d). The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages and liabilities
referred to in Section&nbsp;8(d)&nbsp;shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth above, any legal or other expenses
reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding
the provisions of this Section&nbsp;8, the applicable Manager or Managers shall not be required to contribute any amount in excess of
the amount by which the total price at which the Shares sold by it or them were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damages
that the applicable Manager or Managers have otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission
or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section&nbsp;11(f)&nbsp;of the Securities
Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The remedies provided
for in this Section&nbsp;8 are not exclusive and shall not limit any rights or remedies which may otherwise be available to any indemnified
party at law or in equity.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
indemnity and contribution provisions contained in this Section&nbsp;8 and the representations, warranties and other statements of the
Company contained in this Agreement shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of (i)&nbsp;any termination of this
Agreement, (ii)&nbsp;any investigation made by or on behalf of the Managers, any person controlling any of the Managers or any affiliate
of any of the Managers or other indemnified parties referred to in Section&nbsp;8(a)&nbsp;or by or on behalf of the Company, its officers
or directors or any person controlling the Company and (iii)&nbsp;acceptance of and payment for any of the Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Effectiveness</I>.
This Agreement shall become effective upon the execution and delivery hereof by the parties hereto.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Termination</I>.
(a)&nbsp;The Company shall have the right, by giving written notice as hereinafter specified, to terminate this Agreement in its sole
discretion at any time. This Agreement shall automatically terminate on the date that is one business day prior to the third anniversary
of the initial effective date of the Registration Statement, without any notice requirement, in the event that the Company does not file
a new shelf registration statement relating to the Shares on or prior to such date; <I>provided, however</I>, that if a Placement Notice
is pending, the Company will provide written notice to the applicable Selling Managers of such termination. Any terminations pursuant
to this Section&nbsp;10 shall be without liability of any party to any other party, except that (i)&nbsp;with respect to any pending
sale through a Manager or Managers for the Company, the obligations of each of the Company and the Manager pursuant to Sections 3, 4,
5, 6 and 7 shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination with respect to and to the extent of the Shares to
be sold in such pending sale; and (ii)&nbsp;the provisions of Section&nbsp;1, Section&nbsp;7(b), and Section&nbsp;8 of this Agreement
shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Each
Manager, acting for itself, shall have the right, by giving written notice to the Company and to each other Manager, and as hereinafter
specified, to terminate this Agreement, solely with respect to itself, in its sole discretion at any time. Any such termination shall
be without liability of any party to any other party except that (i)&nbsp;with respect to any pending sale through such terminating Manager
for the Company, the obligations of each of the Company and the Manager pursuant to Sections 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 shall remain in full force
and effect notwithstanding such termination with respect to and to the extent of the Shares to be sold in such pending sale; and (ii)&nbsp;the
provisions of Section&nbsp;1, Section&nbsp;7(b), and Section&nbsp;8 of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding
such termination.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">This
Agreement shall remain in full force and effect until and unless terminated pursuant to Section&nbsp;10(a)&nbsp;or (b)&nbsp;above or
otherwise by mutual agreement of the parties; <I>provided</I> that any such termination by mutual agreement or pursuant to this clause
(c)&nbsp;shall in all cases be deemed to provide that Section&nbsp;1, Section&nbsp;7(b), and Section&nbsp;8 of this Agreement shall remain
in full force and effect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Any
termination of this Agreement shall be effective on the date specified in such notice of termination; <I>provided</I> that such termination
shall not be effective until the close of business on the date of receipt of such notice by the Managers or the Company, as the case
may be. If such termination shall occur prior to the Settlement Date for any sale of Shares, such sale shall settle in accordance with
the provisions of Section&nbsp;4.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">11.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Entire
Agreement</I>. (a)&nbsp;This Agreement represents the entire agreement between the Company and each Manager with respect to the preparation
of any Registration Statement, Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus, the conduct of the offering and the sale and distribution of
the Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Company acknowledges that in connection with the offering of the Shares: (i)&nbsp;the Managers have acted and will act at arm&rsquo;s
length and owe no fiduciary duties to, the Company or any other person, (ii)&nbsp;the Managers owe the Company only those duties and
obligations set forth in this Agreement and prior written agreements (to the extent not superseded by this Agreement), if any, (iii)&nbsp;the
Managers may have interests that differ from those of the Company, and (iv)&nbsp;none of the activities of the Managers in connection
with the transactions contemplated herein constitutes a recommendation, investment advice, or solicitation of any action by the Managers
with respect to any entity or natural person. The Company waives to the full extent permitted by applicable law any claims it may have
against any of the Managers arising from an alleged breach of fiduciary duty in connection with the sale and distribution of the Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Recognition
of the U.S. Special Resolution Regimes</I>. (a)&nbsp;In the event that any Manager is a Covered Entity that becomes subject to a proceeding
under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, the transfer from such Manager of this Agreement, and any interest and obligation in or under
this Agreement, will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this
Agreement, and any such interest and obligation, were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United State.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">In
the event that any Manager is a Covered Entity or a BHC Act Affiliate of such Manager becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special
Resolution Regime, Default Rights under this Agreement that may be exercised against such Manager are permitted to be exercised to no
greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement were governed by
the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">For purposes of this Section&nbsp;a &ldquo;<B>BHC
Act Affiliate</B>&rdquo; has the meaning assigned to the term &ldquo;affiliate&rdquo; in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with,
12 U.S.C. &sect; 1841(k). &ldquo;<B>Covered Entity</B>&rdquo; means any of the following: (i)&nbsp;a &ldquo;covered entity&rdquo; as
that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. &sect; 252.82(b); (ii)&nbsp;a &ldquo;covered bank&rdquo; as that
term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. &sect; 47.3(b); or (iii)&nbsp;a &ldquo;covered FSI&rdquo; as that term
is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. &sect; 382.2(b). &ldquo;<B>Default Right</B>&rdquo; has the meaning assigned
to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. &sect;&sect; 252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable. &ldquo;<B>U.S.
Special Resolution Regime</B>&rdquo; means each of (i)&nbsp;the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder
and (ii)&nbsp;Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Counterparts</I>.
This Agreement may be signed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be an original, with the same effect as if the signatures
thereto and hereto were upon the same instrument. Counterparts may be delivered via facsimile, electronic mail (including any electronic
signature covered by the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, the Electronic Signatures and Records Act
or other applicable law, e.g., www.docusign.com) or other transmission method and any counterpart so delivered shall be deemed to have
been duly and validly delivered and be valid and effective for all purposes.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">14.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Applicable
Law</I>. This Agreement and any claim, controversy or dispute arising under or related thereto shall be governed by and construed in
accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">15.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Headings</I>.
The headings of the sections of this Agreement have been inserted for convenience of reference only and shall not be deemed a part of
this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Notices</I>.
All communications hereunder shall be in writing and effective only upon receipt and if to the Managers shall be delivered, mailed or
sent to Morgan Stanley&nbsp;&amp; Co. LLC, 1585 Broadway, New York, NY 10036 (Attn: Equity Syndicate Desk, with a copy to the Legal Department),
Robert W. Baird&nbsp;&amp; Co. Incorporated, 777 E. Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53202, Blaylock Van, LLC, 600 Lexington Avenue, Floor
3, New York, NY 10022, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, Attn: Equity Syndicate Department, 375 Park Avenue New York, NY 10152, telephone:
(800) 326-5897, email: cmclientsupport@wellsfargo.com, Janney Montgomery Scott LLC, Attn: Equity Syndicate Department, 60 State Street,
13<SUP>th</SUP> Floor, Boston, MA 02109, email: syndicate@janney.com and Samuel A. Ramirez&nbsp;&amp; Company,&nbsp;Inc., 61 Broadway,
29<SUP>th</SUP> Floor, New York, New York 10006 tel: (855) 726-4739, email: Ray.Oconnor@ramirezco.com; and if to the Company shall be
delivered, mailed or sent to California Water Service Group, 1720 North First Street, San Jose, CA 95112-4598, Attn: General Counsel,
telephone: (408) 367-8200.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">[<I>Signature page&nbsp;follows</I>]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">Very truly yours, &nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">CALIFORNIA WATER SERVICE GROUP</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt"></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">By:</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">/s/ Thomas F. Smegal,&nbsp;III</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">Name:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">Thomas F. Smegal,&nbsp;III</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Title:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left">Accepted as of the date first written above</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">Morgan Stanley&nbsp;&amp; Co. LLC</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
Mauricio Dominguez</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 40%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mauricio Dominguez</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vice President</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">[Signature Page&nbsp;to
the Equity Distribution Agreement]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ROBERT W. BAIRD&nbsp;&amp;
CO. INCORPORATED </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
Christopher Walter</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 40%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Christopher Walter</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Managing Director</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">[Signature Page&nbsp;to the Equity Distribution
Agreement]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">BLAYLOCK
VAN, LLC</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
Jervis B. Hough</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 40%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Jervis B. Hough</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">COO</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">[Signature Page&nbsp;to the Equity Distribution
Agreement]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">WELLS FARGO SECURITIES,
LLC</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
Michaell J Tiedemann</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 40%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Michaell J Tiedemann</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Managing Director</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">[Signature Page&nbsp;to the Equity Distribution
Agreement]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">JANNEY MONTGOMERY
SCOTT LLC</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
Joseph M. Reichert</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 40%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Joseph M. Reichert</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Managing Director</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">[Signature Page&nbsp;to the Equity Distribution
Agreement]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SAMUEL A. RAMIREZ&nbsp;&amp;
COMPANY,&nbsp;INC.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
Raymond S. O'Connor</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 40%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Raymond S. O'Connor</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Managing Director</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">[Signature Page&nbsp;to the Equity Distribution
Agreement]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>SCHEDULE I</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">None.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>SCHEDULE II</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Due Diligence Protocol</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Set forth below are guidelines for use by the
Company and the Managers in connection with the Managers&rsquo; continuous due diligence efforts in connection with the sale and distribution
of the Shares pursuant to the Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company has agreed that no sales under the Agreement will be
requested or made at any time the Company is, or could be deemed to be, in possession of material non-public information with respect
to the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">1.</TD><TD>On or immediately prior to each Representation Date, in addition
                                            to the documents provided pursuant to Sections&nbsp;6(l), (m), (n)&nbsp;and (o)&nbsp;of the
                                            Agreement, the Managers expect to conduct a due diligence call with the appropriate business,
                                            financial and legal representatives of the Company.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">2.</TD><TD>On the date of or promptly after the reasonable request by the Managers,
                                            but not more than once per month, the Managers expect to conduct a due diligence call with
                                            the appropriate business, financial, accounting and/or legal representatives of the Company
                                            and that the Company shall provide the certificate referred to in Section&nbsp;5(b)&nbsp;of
                                            the Agreement.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">3.</TD><TD>In the event that the Company requests a Selling Manager to sell
                                            on any one Trading Day an amount of Shares that would be equal to or greater than 20% of
                                            the average daily trading volume (calculated based on the most recent three completed Trading
                                            Days) of the Company&rsquo;s common stock, the Seller Manager(s)&nbsp;expect(s)&nbsp;to conduct
                                            a due diligence call with the appropriate business, financial, accounting and legal representatives
                                            of the Company and that the Company shall provide the certificate referred to in Section&nbsp;5(b)&nbsp;of
                                            the Agreement.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The foregoing is an expression of current intent only, and shall not
in any manner limit the Managers&rsquo; rights under the Agreement, including the Managers&rsquo; right to require such additional due
diligence procedures as the Managers may reasonably request pursuant to the Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B><U>Exhibit&nbsp;A</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">[Manager Letterhead]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">[_______], 20[__]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">[&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;
]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt">[&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;
]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt">Attention:
[_______]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">VIA ELECTRONIC MAIL</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>TRANSACTION CONFIRMATION</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Dear [_______]:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">This Confirmation sets forth the terms of the agreement of [MANAGER]
(a &ldquo;<B>Selling Manager</B>&rdquo;) with California Water Service Group (the &ldquo;<B>Company</B>&rdquo;) relating to the issuance
and sale of shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, having an aggregate gross sales price of up to $350,000,000
pursuant to the Equity Distribution Agreement between the Company and Morgan Stanley&nbsp;&amp; Co. LLC, Robert W. Baird&nbsp;&amp; Co.
Incorporated, Blaylock Van, LLC, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, Janney Montgomery Scott LLC and Samuel A. Ramirez&nbsp;&amp; Company,&nbsp;Inc.
(the &ldquo;<B>Managers</B>&rdquo;), dated April&nbsp;29, 2022 (the &ldquo;<B>Agreement</B>&rdquo;). Unless otherwise defined below,
capitalized terms defined in the Agreement shall have the same meanings when used herein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">By countersigning or otherwise indicating in writing the Company&rsquo;s
acceptance of this Confirmation (an &ldquo;<B>Acceptance</B>&rdquo;), the Company shall have agreed with the Selling Manager to engage
in the following transaction:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 53%; padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Number
    of Shares to be sold:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Minimum
    price at which Shares may be sold:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date(s)&nbsp;on
    which Shares may be sold:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Compensation
    to Manager (if different than the Agreement):</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The transaction
set forth in this Confirmation will not be binding on the Company or the Manager unless and until the Company delivers its Acceptance;
<I>provided</I>, <I>however</I>, that neither the Company nor the Manager will be bound by the terms of this Confirmation unless the
Company delivers its Acceptance by [_] a.m./p.m.&nbsp;(New York time) on [the date hereof]/[[</FONT>&#9679;], 20[&#9679;]].</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The transaction, if it becomes binding on the parties, shall be subject
to all of the representations, warranties, covenants and other terms and conditions of the Agreement, except to the extent amended or
modified hereby, all of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference. Each of the representations and warranties set forth in
the Agreement shall be deemed to have been made at and as of every Time of Sale, every Settlement Date and every Representation Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If the foregoing conforms to your understanding of our agreement,
please so indicate your Acceptance by signing below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: justify">Very truly yours,</TD>
</TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: justify">[Selling Manager]</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
                                        <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: justify"></TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
                                        <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
                                        <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: left">ACCEPTED as of the date first above written</TD><TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: justify"></TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: left">CALIFORNIA WATER SERVICE GROUP</TD><TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: justify"></TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
<TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left; width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
                                        <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
                                        <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
                                        <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B>[Note: The Company&rsquo;s Acceptance may also
be evidenced by a separate written acceptance referencing this Confirmation and delivered in accordance with the Agreement]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-5.1
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>tm2213726d4_ex5-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 5.1
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
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<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><B>Exhibit 5.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><IMG SRC="tm2213726d4_ex5-1img005.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">April&nbsp;29, 2022</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; border-top-width: 0in; border-top-color: Black">California Water Service
Group</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1720 North First Street</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">San Jose, CA 95112</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Re:</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>California
Water Service Group</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt -0.25in; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Registration Statement on Form&nbsp;S 3</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; border-top-width: 0in; border-top-color: Black">Ladies and Gentlemen:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; border-top-width: 0in; border-top-color: Black">We have examined the
Registration Statement on Form&nbsp;S-3, File No.&nbsp;333-264542, as amended (the &ldquo;<U>Registration Statement</U>&rdquo;), of
California Water Service Group, a Delaware corporation (the &ldquo;<U>Company</U>&rdquo;), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
(the &ldquo;<U>Commission</U>&rdquo;) pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;<U>Securities Act</U>&rdquo;), and
the prospectus supplement thereto, dated April&nbsp;29, 2022 (the &ldquo;<U>Prospectus Supplement</U>&rdquo;), in connection with the
offering by the Company of up to $350,000,000 shares (the &ldquo;<U>Shares</U>&rdquo;) of the Company&rsquo;s common stock, par value
$0.01 per share (the &ldquo;<U>Common Stock</U>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; border-top-width: 0in; border-top-color: Black">In arriving at the
opinion expressed below, we have examined originals, or copies certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction as being true and
complete copies of the originals, of specimen Common Stock certificates and such other documents, corporate records, certificates of
officers of the Company and of public officials and other instruments as we have deemed necessary or advisable to enable us to render
the opinion set forth below. In our examination, we have assumed without independent investigation the genuineness of all signatures,
the legal capacity and competency of all natural persons, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals and the conformity
to original documents of all documents submitted to us as copies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; border-top-width: 0in; border-top-color: Black">Based upon the foregoing,
and subject to the assumptions, exceptions, qualifications and limitations set forth herein, we are of the opinion that the Shares, when
issued against payment therefor as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus Supplement, will be validly issued, fully
paid and non-assessable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; border-top-width: 0in; border-top-color: Black">We consent to the
filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, and we further consent to the use of our name under the caption &ldquo;Legal
Matters&rdquo; in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus Supplement. In giving these consents, we do not thereby admit that we
are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section&nbsp;7 of the Securities Act or the rules&nbsp;and regulations
of the Commission.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; border-top-width: 0in; border-top-color: Black">Very truly yours,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; border-top-width: 0in; border-top-color: Black">/s/ Gibson, Dunn&nbsp;&amp;
Crutcher LLP</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><IMG SRC="tm2213726d4_ex5-1img003.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Transition Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Event Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period Start Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity File Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Primary SIC Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CountryRegion" xlink:to="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="dei_Extension" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Extension" xlink:to="dei_Extension_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Extension_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Extension</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:to="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Reporting Obligation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:to="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:to="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>cwt-20220429_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm139757223804712">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 29, 2022</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Apr. 29,  2022<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">1-13883<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">CALIFORNIA WATER SERVICE GROUP<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001035201<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">77-0448994<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">1720 North First Street<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">San Jose<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">CA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">95112<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">408<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">367-8200<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Shares, par value $0.01<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">CWT<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
