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Stock-Based Compensation
9 Months Ended
Oct. 03, 2020
Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]  
Stock-Based Compensation

16. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

On March 5, 2014, our Board of Directors approved and adopted the 2014 Omnibus Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan (“Omnibus Plan”). The Omnibus Plan was approved by our shareholders on May 21, 2014. The Omnibus Plan authorizes the compensation committee of the Board of Directors to provide equity-based compensation in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares, performance units, dividend equivalents and other awards to provide our officers, key employees, and non-employee directors’ incentives and rewards for performance. Equity awards granted after May 21, 2014 are governed by the Omnibus Plan. Awards granted under the Omnibus Plan are limited to the authorized amount of 8,000,000 shares.

The following is a summary of restricted stock and deferred stock outstanding under the Omnibus Plan described above. Information relating to the company’s stock appreciation rights, which were issued under a separate stock appreciation right plan, is also described below.  The company typically grants awards at the beginning of its fiscal year.  Information on grants to employees during fiscal 2020 is discussed below.

 

Performance-Contingent Restricted Stock Awards

Performance-Contingent Total Shareholder Return Shares (“TSR Shares”)

Certain key employees have been granted performance-contingent restricted stock under the Omnibus Plan in the form of TSR Shares. The awards vest approximately three years from the date of grant (after the filing of the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K), and the shares become non-forfeitable if, and to the extent that, on that date the vesting conditions are satisfied. The total shareholder return (“TSR”) is the percent change in the company’s stock price over the measurement period plus the dividends paid to shareholders. The performance payout is calculated at the end of each of the last four quarters (averaged) in the measurement period. Once the TSR is determined for the company (“Company TSR”), it is compared to the TSR of our food company peers (“Peer Group TSR”). The Company TSR compared to the Peer Group TSR will determine the payout as set forth below:

 

Percentile

 

Payout as %

of Target

 

90th

 

 

200

%

70th

 

 

150

%

50th

 

 

100

%

30th

 

 

50

%

Below 30th

 

 

0

%

 

For performance between the levels described above, the degree of vesting is interpolated on a linear basis.  The 2017 award, which vested in fiscal 2019, vested at 153% of target.  No awards vested during the forty weeks ended October 3, 2020.

The TSR shares vest immediately if the grantee dies or becomes disabled. However, if the grantee retires at age 65 (or age 55 with at least 10 years of service with the company) or later, on the normal vesting date the grantee will receive a pro-rated number of shares based upon the retirement date and measured at the actual performance for the entire performance period. In addition, if the company undergoes a change in control, the TSR shares will immediately vest at the target level, provided that if 12 months of the performance period have been completed, vesting will be determined based on Company TSR as of the date of the change in control without application of four-quarter averaging. During the vesting period, the grantee has none of the rights of a shareholder. Dividends declared during the vesting period will accrue and will be paid at vesting on the TSR shares that ultimately vest. The fair value estimate was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model, which utilizes multiple input variables to estimate the probability of the company achieving the market condition discussed above. Inputs into the model included the following for the company and comparator companies: (i) TSR from the beginning of the performance cycle through the measurement date; (ii) volatility; (iii) risk-free interest rates; and (iv) the correlation of the comparator companies’ TSR. The inputs are based on historical capital market data.

On May 23, 2019, the company’s CEO received an award of TSR Shares that brings his total grant equal to the CEO’s target award (“promotion award”).  This grant is measured under the same guidelines as the December 30, 2018 grant of TSR Shares described above.  The company’s former CEO forfeited 112,840 TSR shares at his retirement on May 23, 2019.

The following performance-contingent TSR Shares have been granted under the Omnibus Plan and have service period remaining (amounts in thousands, except price data):

 

Grant Date

 

Shares

Granted

 

 

Vesting Date

 

Fair Value

per Share

 

12/30/2018

 

 

440

 

 

3/1/2022

 

$

21.58

 

5/23/2019

 

 

11

 

 

3/1/2022

 

$

27.23

 

7/14/2019

 

 

5

 

 

3/1/2022

 

$

23.32

 

10/6/2019

 

 

2

 

 

3/1/2022

 

$

22.52

 

12/29/2019

 

 

331

 

 

2/28/2023

 

$

25.00

 

4/19/2020

 

 

8

 

 

2/28/2023

 

$

23.14

 

07/12/2020

 

 

2

 

 

2/28/2023

 

$

21.97

 

 

Performance-Contingent Return on Invested Capital Shares (“ROIC Shares”)

Certain key employees have been granted performance-contingent restricted stock under the Omnibus Plan in the form of ROIC Shares. The awards generally vest approximately three years from the date of grant (after the filing of the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K), and the shares become non-forfeitable if, and to the extent that, on that date, the vesting conditions are satisfied. Return on Invested Capital (“ROIC”) is calculated by dividing our profit, as defined, by the invested capital. Generally, the performance condition requires the company’s average ROIC to exceed its average weighted cost of capital (“WACC”) by between 1.75 to 4.75 percentage points (the “ROI Target”) over the three fiscal year performance period. If the lowest ROI Target is not met, the awards are forfeited. The ROIC Shares can be earned based on a range from 0% to 125% of target as defined below:

 

ROIC above WACC by less than 1.75 percentage points pays 0% of ROI Target;

 

ROIC above WACC by 1.75 percentage points pays 50% of ROI Target;

 

ROIC above WACC by 3.75 percentage points pays 100% of ROI Target; or

 

ROIC above WACC by 4.75 percentage points pays 125% of ROI Target.

For performance between the levels described above, the degree of vesting is interpolated on a linear basis. The 2017 award, which vested in fiscal 2019, actual attainment was 75% of ROI Target.  No awards vested during the forty weeks ended October 3, 2020.

The ROIC Shares vest immediately if the grantee dies or becomes disabled. However, if the grantee retires at age 65 (or age 55 with at least 10 years of service with the company) or later, on the normal vesting date the grantee will receive a pro-rated number of ROIC Shares based upon the retirement date and actual performance for the entire performance period. In addition, if the company undergoes a change in control, the ROIC Shares will immediately vest at the target level. During the vesting period, the grantee has none of the rights of a shareholder. Dividends declared during the vesting period will accrue and will be paid at vesting on the ROIC Shares that ultimately vest. The fair value of this type of award is equal to the stock price on the grant date. Since these awards have a performance condition feature, the expense associated with these awards may change depending on the expected ROI Target attained at each reporting period.  The 2019 award is being expensed at 100% of ROI Target.

On May 23, 2019, the company’s CEO received a promotion award of ROIC Shares.  This grant is measured under the same guidelines as the December 30, 2018 grant of ROIC Shares described above. The company’s former CEO forfeited 112,840 ROIC shares at his retirement on May 23, 2019.

 

The following performance-contingent ROIC Shares have been granted under the Omnibus Plan and have service period remaining (amounts in thousands, except price data):

 

Grant Date

 

Shares

Granted

 

 

Vesting Date

 

Fair Value

per Share

 

12/30/2018

 

 

440

 

 

3/1/2022

 

$

18.29

 

5/23/2019

 

 

11

 

 

3/1/2022

 

$

23.08

 

7/14/2019

 

 

5

 

 

3/1/2022

 

$

23.32

 

10/6/2019

 

 

2

 

 

3/1/2022

 

$

22.52

 

12/29/2019

 

 

331

 

 

2/28/2023

 

$

21.74

 

4/19/2020

 

 

8

 

 

2/28/2023

 

$

23.14

 

07/12/2020

 

 

2

 

 

2/28/2023

 

$

21.97

 

 

Performance-Contingent Restricted Stock Summary

The table below presents the TSR modifier share adjustment, ROIC modifier share adjustment, accumulated dividends on vested shares, and the tax benefit/(expense) at vesting of the performance-contingent restricted stock awards (amounts in thousands, except share data).  

 

Award Granted

 

 

Fiscal Year

Vested

 

 

TSR Modifier

Increase

Shares

 

 

ROIC Modifier

Decrease

Shares

 

 

Dividends at

Vesting

(thousands)

 

 

Tax

Benefit

 

 

Fair Value at

Vesting

 

 

2017

 

 

 

2019

 

 

 

205,686

 

 

 

(97,131

)

 

$

1,219

 

 

$

936

 

 

$

18,570

 

 

Performance-Contingent Restricted Stock

The company’s performance-contingent restricted stock activity for the forty weeks ended October 3, 2020 is presented below (amounts in thousands, except price data):  

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Weighted

Average

Grant Date

Fair Value

 

Nonvested shares at December 28, 2019

 

 

662

 

 

$

20.16

 

Initial grant at target

 

 

682

 

 

$

23.31

 

Vested

 

 

 

 

$

 

Forfeited

 

 

(90

)

 

$

20.71

 

Nonvested shares at October 3, 2020

 

 

1,254

 

 

$

21.82

 

 

As of October 3, 2020, there was $16.7 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested restricted stock granted under the Omnibus Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.09 years. The total intrinsic value of shares vested during the forty weeks ended October 5, 2019 was $18.6 million.  There were no shares that vested during the twelve and forty weeks ended October 3, 2020.  

Time-Based Restricted Stock Units

Certain key employees have been granted time-based restricted stock units (“TBRSU Shares”).  The executive officers of the company did not receive any TBRSU Shares.  These awards vest on January 5th each year in equal installments over a three-year period beginning in fiscal 2020.  Dividends earned on shares will be held by the company during the vesting period and paid in cash when the awards vest and shares are distributed.  

On May 23, 2019, the company’s CEO was granted TBRSU Shares of approximately $1.0 million pursuant to the Omnibus Plan.  This award will vest 100% on the fourth anniversary of the date of grant provided the CEO remains employed by the company during this period.  Vesting will also occur in the event of the CEO’s death or disability, but not his retirement if prior to the fourth anniversary of the grant date.  Dividends will accrue on the award and will be paid to the CEO on the vesting date for all shares that vest.  There were 43,330 shares issued for this award at a fair value of $23.08 per share.

The following TBRSU Shares have been granted under the Omnibus Plan and have service periods remaining (amounts in thousands, except price data):

 

Grant Date

 

Shares Granted

 

 

Vesting Date

 

Fair Value

per Share

 

12/30/2018

 

 

244

 

 

Equally over 3 years

 

$

18.29

 

5/23/2019

 

 

43

 

 

5/23/2023

 

$

23.08

 

12/29/2019

 

 

219

 

 

Equally over 3 years

 

$

21.74

 

 

The TBRSU Shares activity for the forty weeks ended October 3, 2020 is set forth below (amounts in thousands, except price data):  

 

 

 

TBRSU Shares

 

 

Weighted

Average

Fair

Value

 

 

Weighted

Average

Remaining

Contractual

Term (Years)

 

 

Unrecognized

Compensation

Cost

 

Nonvested shares at December 28, 2019

 

 

270

 

 

$

19.06

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vested

 

 

(74

)

 

$

18.29

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

 

219

 

 

$

21.74

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forfeitures

 

 

(27

)

 

$

20.18

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nonvested shares at October 3, 2020

 

 

388

 

 

$

20.64

 

 

 

2.02

 

 

$

5,527

 

 

The table below presents the accumulated dividends on vested shares and the tax benefit/(expense) at vesting of the time-based restricted stock units (amounts in thousands).  

 

Award Granted

 

 

Fiscal Year

Vested

 

 

Dividends at

Vesting

(thousands)

 

 

Tax

Benefit

 

 

Fair Value at

Vesting

 

 

2019

 

 

 

2020

 

 

$

55

 

 

$

57

 

 

$

1,584

 

 

Deferred Stock

Non-employee directors may convert their annual board retainers into deferred stock equal in value to 100% of the cash payments directors would otherwise receive and the vesting period is a one-year period to match the period that cash would have been received if no conversion existed. Accumulated dividends are paid upon delivery of the shares.  During fiscal 2020, non-employee directors elected to receive, and were granted, an aggregate grant of 2,299 common shares for board retainer deferrals pursuant to the Omnibus Plan.  During the first quarter of fiscal 2020, 2,707 common shares were vested and deferred.   A total of 4,660 common shares that were previously vested and deferred were issued for board retainer deferrals.

Non-employee directors also receive annual grants of deferred stock. This deferred stock vests one year from the grant date. The deferred stock will be distributed to the grantee at a time designated by the grantee at the date of grant. Compensation expense is recorded on this deferred stock over the one-year minimum vesting period. During fiscal 2019, non-employee directors received an aggregate of 46,240 shares, of which 17,340 shares were deferred, for their annual grant pursuant to the Omnibus Plan that vested during the twelve weeks ended July 11, 2020.  During the second quarter of fiscal 2020, non-employee directors received 39,900 shares for their annual grant pursuant to the Omnibus Plan. Additionally, during the third quarter of fiscal 2020, an aggregate of 11,940 shares were granted to three newly elected non-employee directors, representing a prorated portion of the annual grant pursuant to the Omnibus Plan.  During the forty weeks ended October 3, 2020, non-employee directors received 15,979 shares of previously deferred annual grant awards.  

The deferred stock activity for the forty weeks ended October 3, 2020 is set forth below (amounts in thousands, except price data):  

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Weighted

Average

Fair

Value

 

 

Weighted

Average

Remaining

Contractual

Term (Years)

 

 

Unrecognized

compensation

cost

 

Nonvested shares at December 28, 2019

 

 

49

 

 

$

22.31

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vested

 

 

(49

)

 

$

22.31

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

 

54

 

 

$

23.15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nonvested shares at October 3, 2020

 

 

54

 

 

$

23.15

 

 

 

0.69

 

 

$

836

 

 

Stock-Based Payments Compensation Expense Summary

The following table summarizes the company’s stock-based compensation expense for the twelve and forty weeks ended October 3, 2020 and October 5, 2019, respectively (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

For the Twelve Weeks Ended

 

 

 

October 3, 2020

 

 

October 5, 2019

 

Performance-contingent restricted stock awards

 

$

1,904

 

 

$

926

 

TBRSU Shares

 

 

667

 

 

 

347

 

Deferred and restricted stock

 

 

262

 

 

 

250

 

Total stock-based compensation

 

$

2,833

 

 

$

1,523

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

For the Forty Weeks Ended

 

 

 

October 3, 2020

 

 

October 5, 2019

 

Performance-contingent restricted stock awards

 

$

6,503

 

 

$

3,791

 

TBRSU Shares

 

 

2,317

 

 

 

1,149

 

Deferred and restricted stock

 

 

849

 

 

 

894

 

Total stock-based compensation

 

$

9,669

 

 

$

5,834