30. Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction in the principal (or most advantageous) market at the measurement date under current market conditions (an exit price) regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique.

The fair value hierarchy establishes three levels to classify the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs are quoted prices in markets that are not active, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (interest rate, yield curves), or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated observable market data or other means. Level 3 inputs are unobservable (supported by little or no market activity). The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs and the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs.

The following sets up the methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value of Level 2 and Level 3 financial instruments.

Financial asset or liability	Methods and assumptions used to estimate fair value
Trade receivables	Trade receivables arising from the sales of metal concentrates are subject to provisional pricing, and the final selling price is adjusted at the end of a quotational period. These are marked to market at each reporting date based on the forward price corresponding to the expected settlement date.
Investments in equity securities	Investments in equity securities are recorded at fair value based on the quoted market price at the end of each reporting period with changes in fair value through other comprehensive income.
Interest rate swap, metal and fuel contracts	Fair value is calculated as the present value of the estimated contractual cash flows. Estimates of future cash flows are based on quoted swap rates, futures prices and interbank borrowing rates. These are discounted using a yield curve, and adjusted for credit risk of the Company or the counterparty.
Convertible Debentures	The fair value of the convertible debentures represents both the debt and equity components of the convertible debentures and has been determined with reference to the quoted market price of the convertible debentures.

During the years ended December 31, 2020, and 2019, there were no transfers of amounts between Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The following tables show the carrying amounts and fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities, including their levels in the fair value hierarchy. Fair value information for financial assets and financial liabilities not measured at fair value is not presented if the carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of fair value.


	Carrying value								Fair value
December 31, 2020	Fair Value through OCI		Fair value through profit or loss		Amortized cost		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Carrying value approximates Fair Value
Financial assets measured at Fair Value
Investments in equity securities	$	1,059	$	-	$	-	$	1,059	$	1,059	$	-	$	-	$	-
Trade receivables concentrate and doré sales		-	$	26,309		-		26,309		-		26,309		-		-
	$	1,059	$	26,309	$	-	$	27,368	$	1,059	$	26,309	$	-	$	-

Financial assets not measured at Fair Value
Cash and cash equivalents	$	-	$	-	$	131,898	$	131,898	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	131,898
Other receivables		-		-		4,108		4,108		-		-		-		4,108
	$	-	$	-	$	136,006	$	136,006	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	136,006

Financial liabilities measured at Fair Value
Interest rate swap liability	$	(1,084)	$	-	$	-	$	(1,084)	$	-	$	(1,084)	$	-	$	-
Metal forward sales contracts liability				(124)				(124)				(124)				-
Fuel forward contracts liability				(52)				(52)				(52)				-
	$	(1,084)	$	(176)	$	-	$	(1,260)	$	-	$	(1,260)	$	-	$	-

Financial liabilities not measured at Fair Value
Trade payables	$	-	$	-	$	(26,140)	$	(26,140)	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	(26,140)
Payroll payable		-		-		(17,676)		(17,676)		-		-		-		(17,676)
Credit facilities		-		-		(119,850)		(119,850)		-		(120,000)		-		-
Convertible debentures		-		-		(38,766)		(38,766)		-		(78,315)		-		-
Other payables		-		-		(22,784)		(22,784)		-		-		-		(22,784)
	$	-	$	-	$	(225,216)	$	(225,216)	$	-	$	(198,315)	$	-	$	(66,600)


	Carrying value								Fair value
December 31, 2019	Fair Value through OCI		Fair value through profit or loss		Amortized cost		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Carrying value approximates Fair Value
Financial assets measured at Fair Value
Trade receivables concentrate sales	$	-	$	33,642	$	-	$	33,642	$	-	$	33,642	$	-	$	-
	$	-	$	33,642	$	-	$	33,642	$	-	$	33,642	$	-	$	-

Financial assets not measured at Fair Value
Cash and cash equivalents	$	-	$	-	$	83,404	$	83,404	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	83,404
Other receivables		-		-		2,419		2,419		-		-		-		2,419
	$	-	$	-	$	85,823	$	85,823	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	85,823

Financial liabilities measured at Fair Value
Interest rate swap liability	$	(894)	$	-	$	-	$	(894)	$		$	(894)	$	-	$	-
	$	(894)	$	-	$	-	$	(894)	$	-	$	(894)	$	-	$	-

Financial liabilities not measured at Fair Value
Trade payables	$	-	$	-	$	(37,357)	$	(37,357)	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	(37,357)
Payroll payable		-		-		(15,801)		(15,801)		-		-		-		(15,801)
Share units payable		-		-		(5,075)		(5,075)		-		(5,075)		-		-
Credit facilities		-		-		(109,430)		(109,430)		-		(110,000)		-		-
Convertible debentures		-		-		(37,105)		(37,105)		-		(38,858)		-		-
Other payables		-		-		(22,403)		(22,403)		-		-		-		(22,403)
	$	-	$	-	$	(227,171)	$	(227,171)	$	-	$	(153,933)	$	-	$	(75,561)