EARNINGS PER SHARE

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Basic earnings per share attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the reporting period. Treasury stock is excluded from the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per share attributable to common stockholders is calculated to give effect to all potentially dilutive common shares that were outstanding during the reporting period. The dilutive effect of outstanding equity-based compensation awards is reflected in diluted earnings per share applicable to common stockholders by application of the treasury stock method using average market prices during the period.

The shares issuable on exercise of the warrants sold in connection with the issuance of our convertible notes will not impact the total dilutive weighted average shares outstanding unless and until the price of our common stock exceeds the respective strike price. If and when the price of our common stock exceeds the respective strike price of any of the warrants, we will include the dilutive effect of the additional shares that may be issued upon exercise of the warrants in total dilutive weighted average shares outstanding, which we calculate using the treasury stock method. The convertible note hedges purchased in connection with each issuance of the convertible notes are considered to be anti-dilutive and do not impact our calculation of diluted earnings per share attributable to common stockholders for any periods presented herein.

The tables below illustrate the reconciliation of the earnings and number of shares used in our calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to common stockholders.


(in millions, except per share amounts)	2024		2023		2022
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	218	$	254	$	391
Shares for basic earnings per share	35.4		36.5		40.4
Basic earnings per share	$	6.16	$	6.96	$	9.69


(in millions, except per share amounts)	2024		2023		2022
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	218	$	254	$	391
Add back of interest expense related to convertible notes, net of tax	19		19		5
Numerator used to calculate diluted earnings per share	$	237	$	273	$	396

Shares for basic earnings per share	35.4		36.5		40.4
Effect of dilutive shares outstanding
Employee SARs	—		0.1		0.2
Restricted stock units	0.1		0.3		0.3
2022 Convertible Notes	—		—		0.7
2026 Convertible Notes	3.6		3.5		3.4
2027 Convertible Notes	3.0		3.1		0.2
Shares for diluted earnings per share	42.1		43.5		45.2
Diluted earnings per share	$	5.61	$	6.28	$	8.77

The computations of diluted earnings per share attributable to common stockholders above exclude approximately 222,000, 193,000, and 129,000 shares of common stock, the maximum number of shares issuable as of December 31, 2024, December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively, upon the vesting of certain performance-based awards, because the performance conditions required to be met for the shares subject to such awards to vest were not achieved by the end of the reporting period.

In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance for calculating earnings per share, for the year ended December 31, 2024, we excluded from our calculation of diluted earnings per share 643,167 shares underlying SARs that may settle in shares of common stock because the exercise prices of such SARs, which ranged from $93.73 to $173.88, were greater than the average market price of our common stock for the applicable period.

For the year ended December 31, 2023, we excluded from our calculation of diluted earnings per share 287,125 shares underlying SARs that may settle in shares of common stock because the exercise prices of such SARS, which ranged from $143.38 to $173.88, were greater than the average market price of our common stock for the applicable period.

For the year ended December 31, 2022, we excluded from our calculation of diluted earnings per share 199,813 shares underlying SARs that may settle in shares of common stock because the exercise prices of such SARS, which ranged from $159.27 to $173.88, were greater than the average market price of our common stock for the applicable period.