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Loan and Lease Finance Receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2012
Loan and Lease Finance Receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses | 6. LOAN AND LEASE FINANCE RECEIVABLES AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES The following tables provide a summary of the components of loan and lease finance receivables:
|  | December 31, 2012 |
|  | Non-Covered Loans |  |  | Covered Loans |  |  | Total |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 547,422 |  |  | $ | 26,149 |  |  | $ | 573,571 |
Real estate: |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction |  |  | 59,721 |  |  |  | 1,579 |  |  |  | 61,300 |
Commercial real estate |  |  | 1,990,107 |  |  |  | 179,428 |  |  |  | 2,169,535 |
SFR mortgage |  |  | 159,288 |  |  |  | 1,415 |  |  |  | 160,703 |
Consumer |  |  | 47,557 |  |  |  | 6,337 |  |  |  | 53,894 |
Municipal lease finance receivables |  |  | 105,767 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 105,767 |
Auto and equipment leases, net of unearned discount |  |  | 12,716 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 12,716 |
Dairy and livestock |  |  | 327,579 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 327,579 |
Agribusiness |  |  | 9,081 |  |  |  | 5,651 |  |  |  | 14,732 |
Gross loans |  |  | 3,259,238 |  |  |  | 220,559 |  |  |  | 3,479,797 |
Less: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchase accounting discount |  |  | — |  |  |  | (25,344 | ) |  |  | (25,344 | )
Deferred loan fees, net |  |  | (6,925 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (6,925 | )
Gross loans, net of deferred loan fees |  |  | 3,252,313 |  |  |  | 195,215 |  |  |  | 3,447,528 |
Less: Allowance for credit losses |  |  | (92,441 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (92,441 | )
Net loans |  | $ | 3,159,872 |  |  | $ | 195,215 |  |  | $ | 3,355,087 |
|  | December 31, 2011 |
|  | Non-Covered Loans |  |  | Covered Loans |  |  | Total |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 494,299 |  |  | $ | 29,651 |  |  | $ | 523,950 |
Real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction |  |  | 76,146 |  |  |  | 18,685 |  |  |  | 94,831 |
Commercial real estate |  |  | 1,948,292 |  |  |  | 223,107 |  |  |  | 2,171,399 |
SFR mortgage |  |  | 176,442 |  |  |  | 3,289 |  |  |  | 179,731 |
Consumer |  |  | 51,436 |  |  |  | 8,353 |  |  |  | 59,789 |
Municipal lease finance receivables |  |  | 113,460 |  |  |  | 169 |  |  |  | 113,629 |
Auto and equipment leases, net of unearned discount |  |  | 17,370 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 17,370 |
Dairy and livestock |  |  | 343,350 |  |  |  | 199 |  |  |  | 343,549 |
Agribusiness |  |  | 4,327 |  |  |  | 24,196 |  |  |  | 28,523 |
Gross loans |  |  | 3,225,122 |  |  |  | 307,649 |  |  |  | 3,532,771 |
Less: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchase accounting discount |  |  | — |  |  |  | (50,780 | ) |  |  | (50,780 | )
Deferred loan fees, net |  |  | (5,395 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (5,395 | )
Gross loans, net of deferred loan fees |  |  | 3,219,727 |  |  |  | 256,869 |  |  |  | 3,476,596 |
Less: Allowance for credit losses |  |  | (93,964 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (93,964 | )
Net loans |  | $ | 3,125,763 |  |  | $ | 256,869 |  |  | $ | 3,382,632 |
As of December 31, 2012, 62.35% of the total loan portfolio consisted of commercial real estate loans and 1.76% of the total loan portfolio consisted of construction loans, respectively. Substantially all of the Company’s real estate loans and construction loans are secured by real properties located in California. At December 31, 2012, the Company held approximately $1.53 billion of fixed rate loans. At December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, loans totaling $2.32 billion and $2.31 billion, respectively, were pledged to secure the borrowings from the FHLB and the Federal Reserve Bank. The following is the activity of loans held-for-sale for the periods indicated: Non-Covered Loans Held-for-Sale Activity
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, |
|  | 2012 |  |  | 2011 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Balance, beginning of period |  | $ | 348 |  |  | $ | 2,954 |
Originations of mortgage loans |  |  | 25,489 |  |  |  | 37,304 |
Sales of mortgage loans |  |  | (22,250 | ) |  |  | (34,962 | )
Transfer of mortgage loans to held-for-investment |  |  | (3,587 | ) |  |  | (3,292 | )
Sales of other loans |  |  | — |  |  |  | (6,000 | )
Transfers of other loans to held-for-sale |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6,000 |
Write-down of loans held-for-sale |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,656 | )
Balance, end of period |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 348 |
Occasionally, the Company may decide to retain and not sell certain mortgage loans originated and will transfer them to the held for investment loan portfolio. This is generally done for customer service purposes. Covered Loans Held-for-Sale Activity
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, |
|  | 2012 |  |  | 2011 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Balance, beginning of period |  | $ | 5,664 |  |  | $ | — |
Originations of mortgage loans |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Sales of mortgage loans |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Transfer of other loans to held-for-investment |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Sales of other loans |  |  | (3,745 | ) |  |  | — |
Transfers of other loans to held-for-sale |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,726 |
Write-down of loans held-for-sale |  |  | (1,219 | ) |  |  | — |
Payment on other loans |  |  | (700 | ) |  |  | (62 | )
Balance, end of period |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,664 |
During 2011, 12 covered loans with an aggregate carrying balance of $5.7 million were transferred to held-for-sale. During the second quarter ended June 30, 2011, a decision was made to sell one loan and it was transferred to held-for-sale at a fair value of $6.0 million and resulted in a charge-off against the allowance for credit losses of $619,000 at the time of transfer. This loan was subsequently sold in July, 2011 at a small gain. Also, during 2011, another loan classified as held-for-sale with a book value of $1.7 million was written-off to zero with the write-off reported as part of non-interest income. The loan was the subject of legal proceedings regarding our lien position and a preliminary decision by the court found that our lien was not in a first priority position. After careful analysis of the preliminary court decision and valuation of the subject collateral, we wrote off the remaining carrying amount. During 2012, all covered loans held-for-sale were sold. Credit Quality Indicators Central to our credit risk management is our loan risk rating system. The originating credit officer assigns borrowers an initial risk rating, which is reviewed and possibly changed by Credit Management, which is based primarily on a thorough analysis of each borrower’s financial capacity in conjunction with industry and economic trends. Approvals are made based upon the amount of inherent credit risk specific to the transaction and are reviewed for appropriateness by senior line and credit management personnel. Credits are monitored by line and credit management personnel for deterioration in a borrower’s financial condition, which would impact the ability of the borrower to perform under the contract. Risk ratings are adjusted as necessary. Loans are risk rated into the following categories (Credit Quality Indicators): Pass, Pass Watch List, Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful and Loss. Each of these groups is assessed for the proper amount to be used in determining the adequacy of our allowance for losses. These categories can be described as follows: Pass – These loans range from minimal credit risk to lower than average, but still acceptable, credit risk. Pass Watch List — Pass Watch list loans usually require more than normal management attention. Loans which qualify for the Pass Watch List may involve borrowers with adverse financial trends, higher debt/equity ratios, or weaker liquidity positions, but not to the degree of being considered a defined weakness or problem loan where risk of loss may be apparent. Special Mention — Loans assigned to this category are currently protected but are weak. Although concerns exist, the Company is currently protected and loss is unlikely. Such loans have potential weaknesses that may, if not checked or corrected, weaken the asset or inadequately protect the Company’s credit position at some future date. Substandard – Loans classified as substandard include poor liquidity, high leverage, and erratic earnings or losses. The primary source of repayment is no longer realistic, and asset or collateral liquidation may be the only source of repayment. Loans are marginal and require continuing and close supervision by credit management. Substandard loans have the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful – Loans classified doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified substandard with the added provision that the weaknesses make collection or the liquidation, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonable specific pending factors which may work to the advantage and strengthening of the assets, their classifications as losses are deferred until their more exact status may be determined. Loss — Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as active assets of the Company is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this basically worthless asset even though partial recovery may be affected in the future. The following table summarizes our internal risk grouping by loan class as of December 31, 2012 and 2011: Credit Quality Indicators
|  | December 31, 2012 |
|  | Pass |  |  | Watch List |  |  | Special Mention |  |  | Substandard |  |  | Doubtful & Loss |  |  | Total |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Commercial & industrial |  | $ | 347,275 |  |  | $ | 131,186 |  |  | $ | 44,466 |  |  | $ | 22,901 |  |  | $ | 1,594 |  |  | $ | 547,422 |
Construction—speculative |  |  | 1,417 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 15,163 |  |  |  | 21,314 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 37,894 |
Construction—non-speculative |  |  | 9,841 |  |  |  | 2,767 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 9,219 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 21,827 |
Commercial real estate—owner occupied |  |  | 382,111 |  |  |  | 159,653 |  |  |  | 78,087 |  |  |  | 84,116 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 703,967 |
Commercial real estate—non-owner occupied |  |  | 888,777 |  |  |  | 214,901 |  |  |  | 105,121 |  |  |  | 77,341 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,286,140 |
Residential real estate (SFR 1-4) |  |  | 129,730 |  |  |  | 10,215 |  |  |  | 3,107 |  |  |  | 16,236 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 159,288 |
Dairy and livestock |  |  | 67,144 |  |  |  | 108,087 |  |  |  | 74,510 |  |  |  | 77,721 |  |  |  | 117 |  |  |  | 327,579 |
Agribusiness |  |  | 4,969 |  |  |  | 3,306 |  |  |  | 806 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 9,081 |
Municipal lease finance receivables |  |  | 72,432 |  |  |  | 20,237 |  |  |  | 11,124 |  |  |  | 1,974 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 105,767 |
Consumer |  |  | 40,650 |  |  |  | 3,538 |  |  |  | 1,976 |  |  |  | 1,339 |  |  |  | 54 |  |  |  | 47,557 |
Auto and equipment leases |  |  | 8,671 |  |  |  | 3,225 |  |  |  | 738 |  |  |  | 82 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 12,716 |
Total non-covered loans |  |  | 1,953,017 |  |  |  | 657,115 |  |  |  | 335,098 |  |  |  | 312,243 |  |  |  | 1,765 |  |  |  | 3,259,238 |
Covered loans |  |  | 52,637 |  |  |  | 72,803 |  |  |  | 31,689 |  |  |  | 63,354 |  |  |  | 76 |  |  |  | 220,559 |
Total loans excluding held-for-sale |  |  | 2,005,654 |  |  |  | 729,918 |  |  |  | 366,787 |  |  |  | 375,597 |  |  |  | 1,841 |  |  |  | 3,479,797 |
Non-covered loans held-for-sale |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Covered loans held-for-sale |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total gross loans |  | $ | 2,005,654 |  |  | $ | 729,918 |  |  | $ | 366,787 |  |  | $ | 375,597 |  |  | $ | 1,841 |  |  | $ | 3,479,797 |
|  | December 31, 2011 |
|  | Pass |  |  | Watch List |  |  | Special Mention |  |  | Substandard |  |  | Doubtful & Loss |  |  | Total |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Commercial & industrial |  | $ | 323,653 |  |  | $ | 94,059 |  |  | $ | 55,140 |  |  | $ | 21,447 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 494,299 |
Construction—speculative |  |  | 2,654 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 25,610 |  |  |  | 35,191 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 63,455 |
Construction—non-speculative |  |  | 1,314 |  |  |  | 137 |  |  |  | 687 |  |  |  | 10,553 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 12,691 |
Commercial real estate—owner occupied |  |  | 370,801 |  |  |  | 176,958 |  |  |  | 74,315 |  |  |  | 77,884 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 699,958 |
Commercial real estate—non-owner occupied |  |  | 836,465 |  |  |  | 193,751 |  |  |  | 108,798 |  |  |  | 108,482 |  |  |  | 838 |  |  |  | 1,248,334 |
Residential real estate (SFR 1-4) |  |  | 143,841 |  |  |  | 8,336 |  |  |  | 6,807 |  |  |  | 17,458 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 176,442 |
Dairy and livestock |  |  | 73,074 |  |  |  | 106,024 |  |  |  | 91,416 |  |  |  | 72,619 |  |  |  | 217 |  |  |  | 343,350 |
Agribusiness |  |  | 2,800 |  |  |  | 860 |  |  |  | 667 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4,327 |
Municipal lease finance receivables |  |  | 70,781 |  |  |  | 23,106 |  |  |  | 8,927 |  |  |  | 10,646 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 113,460 |
Consumer |  |  | 42,295 |  |  |  | 3,474 |  |  |  | 3,906 |  |  |  | 1,740 |  |  |  | 21 |  |  |  | 51,436 |
Auto and equipment leases |  |  | 11,742 |  |  |  | 39 |  |  |  | 3,506 |  |  |  | 522 |  |  |  | 1,561 |  |  |  | 17,370 |
Total non-covered loans |  |  | 1,879,420 |  |  |  | 606,744 |  |  |  | 379,779 |  |  |  | 356,542 |  |  |  | 2,637 |  |  |  | 3,225,122 |
Covered loans |  |  | 48,440 |  |  |  | 73,718 |  |  |  | 20,728 |  |  |  | 164,198 |  |  |  | 565 |  |  |  | 307,649 |
Total loans excluding held-for-sale |  |  | 1,927,860 |  |  |  | 680,462 |  |  |  | 400,507 |  |  |  | 520,740 |  |  |  | 3,202 |  |  |  | 3,532,771 |
Non-covered loans held-for-sale |  |  | 348 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 348 |
Covered loans held-for-sale |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,664 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,664 |
Total gross loans |  | $ | 1,928,208 |  |  | $ | 680,462 |  |  | $ | 400,507 |  |  | $ | 526,404 |  |  | $ | 3,202 |  |  | $ | 3,538,783 |
Allowance for Credit Losses The Company’s Credit Management Division is responsible for regularly reviewing the allowance for credit losses (“ALLL”) methodology, including loss factors and economic risk factors. The Bank’s Director Loan Committee provides Board oversight of the ALLL process and approves the ALLL methodology on a quarterly basis. Our methodology for assessing the appropriateness of the allowance is conducted on a regular basis and considers the Bank’s overall loan portfolio. The Bank’s methodology consists of two major phases. In the first phase, individual loans are reviewed to identify loans for impairment. A loan is generally considered impaired when principal and interest are deemed uncollectible in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan. A loan for which there is an insignificant delay or shortfall in the amount of payments due is not considered an impaired loan. Impairment is measured as either the expected future cash flows discounted at each loan’s effective interest rate, the fair value of the loan’s collateral if the loan is collateral dependent, or an observable market price of the loan (if one exists). If we determine that the value of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment of the loan, we either recognize an impairment reserve as a Specific Allowance to be provided for in the allowance for credit losses or charge off the impaired balance if it is determined that such amount represents a confirmed loss. Loans determined to be impaired are excluded from the formula allowance so as not to double count the loss exposure. The second phase is conducted by evaluating or segmenting the remainder of the loan portfolio into groups or pools of loans with similar characteristics. In this second phase, groups or pools of homogeneous loans are reviewed to determine a portfolio formula allowance. In the case of the portfolio formula allowance, homogeneous portfolios, such as small business loans, consumer loans, agricultural loans, and real estate loans, are aggregated or pooled in determining the appropriate allowance. The risk assessment process in this case emphasizes trends in the different portfolios for delinquency, loss, and other behavioral characteristics of the subject portfolios. Included in this second phase is our considerations of qualitative factors, including, all known relevant internal and external factors that may affect the collectability of a loan. This includes our estimates of the amounts necessary for concentrations, economic uncertainties, the volatility of the market value of collateral, and other relevant factors. These qualitative factors are used to adjust the historical loan loss rates for each pool of loans to determine the probable credit losses inherent in the portfolio. The methodology is consistently applied across all the portfolio segments taking into account the applicable historical loss rates and the qualitative factors applicable to each pool of loans. Periodically, we assess various attributes utilized in adjusting our historical loss factors to reflect current economic conditions. During 2012, many of our dairy and livestock borrowers experienced an increase in feed costs, a decrease in milk prices, and tightened profit margins. As part of our qualitative analysis during the year ended December 31, 2012, we adjusted the attributes used in the allowance for credit losses to account for challenges evident in the current economic environment of the dairy and livestock industry. Management believes that the ALLL was appropriate at December 31, 2012. No assurance can be given that economic conditions which adversely affect our service areas or other circumstances will not be reflected in increased provisions for credit losses in the future. The following table presents the balance and activity in the allowance for credit losses; and the recorded investment in held-for-investment loans by portfolio segment and based upon our impairment method as of December 31, 2012 and 2011: Allowance for Credit Losses and Recorded Investment in Financing Receivables
|  | As of and For the Year Ended December 31, 2012 |
|  | Commercial and Industrial |  |  | Construction |  |  | Real Estate |  |  | Municipal Lease Finance Receivables |  |  | Dairy and Livestock/ Agribusiness |  |  | Consumer, Auto & Other |  |  | Covered Loans (1) |  |  | Unallocated |  |  | Total |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2012 |  | $ | 10,654 |  |  | $ | 4,947 |  |  | $ | 51,873 |  |  | $ | 2,403 |  |  | $ | 17,230 |  |  | $ | 1,638 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,219 |  |  | $ | 93,964 |
Charge-offs |  |  | (1,259 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (2,515 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,150 | ) |  |  | (283 | ) |  |  | (81 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (5,288 | )
Recoveries |  |  | 1,280 |  |  |  | 1,139 |  |  |  | 406 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 166 |  |  |  | 36 |  |  |  | 738 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3,765 |
Provision/reallocation of ALLL |  |  | 977 |  |  |  | (3,795 | ) |  |  | 1,141 |  |  |  | (815 | ) |  |  | 2,450 |  |  |  | (221 | ) |  |  | (657 | ) |  |  | 920 |  |  |  | — |
Ending balance, December 31, 2012 |  | $ | 11,652 |  |  | $ | 2,291 |  |  | $ | 50,905 |  |  | $ | 1,588 |  |  | $ | 18,696 |  |  | $ | 1,170 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,139 |  |  | $ | 92,441 |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 289 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 436 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,596 |  |  | $ | 11 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,332 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 11,363 |  |  | $ | 2,291 |  |  | $ | 50,469 |  |  | $ | 1,588 |  |  | $ | 17,100 |  |  | $ | 1,159 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,139 |  |  | $ | 90,109 |
Loans and financing receivables (2): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ending balance, December 31, 2012 |  | $ | 547,422 |  |  | $ | 59,721 |  |  | $ | 2,149,395 |  |  | $ | 105,767 |  |  | $ | 336,660 |  |  | $ | 60,273 |  |  | $ | 195,215 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,454,453 |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 3,689 |  |  | $ | 30,533 |  |  | $ | 56,981 |  |  | $ | 263 |  |  | $ | 16,709 |  |  | $ | 215 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 108,390 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 543,733 |  |  | $ | 29,188 |  |  | $ | 2,092,414 |  |  | $ | 105,504 |  |  | $ | 319,951 |  |  | $ | 60,058 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,150,848 |
Acquired loans with deteriorated credit quality, net of discount |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 195,215 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 195,215 |
|  | As of and For the Year Ended December 31, 2011 |
|  | Commercial and Industrial |  |  | Construction |  |  | Real Estate |  |  | Municipal Lease Finance Receivables |  |  | Dairy and Livestock/ Agribusiness |  |  | Consumer, Auto & Other |  |  | Covered Loans (1) |  |  | Unallocated |  |  | Total |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2011 |  | $ | 11,472 |  |  | $ | 10,188 |  |  | $ | 43,529 |  |  | $ | 2,172 |  |  | $ | 36,061 |  |  | $ | 1,034 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 803 |  |  | $ | 105,259 |
Charge-offs |  |  | (1,980 | ) |  |  | (7,976 | ) |  |  | (5,870 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3,291 | ) |  |  | (511 | ) |  |  | (893 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (20,521 | )
Recoveries |  |  | 302 |  |  |  | 757 |  |  |  | 748 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 151 |  |  |  | 200 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,158 |
Provision/reallocation of ALLL |  |  | 860 |  |  |  | 1,978 |  |  |  | 13,466 |  |  |  | 231 |  |  |  | (15,643 | ) |  |  | 867 |  |  |  | 893 |  |  |  | 4,416 |  |  |  | 7,068 |
Ending balance, December 31, 2011 |  | $ | 10,654 |  |  | $ | 4,947 |  |  | $ | 51,873 |  |  | $ | 2,403 |  |  | $ | 17,278 |  |  | $ | 1,590 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,219 |  |  | $ | 93,964 |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 165 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,339 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,371 |  |  | $ | 93 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,968 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 10,489 |  |  | $ | 4,947 |  |  | $ | 50,534 |  |  | $ | 2,403 |  |  | $ | 15,907 |  |  | $ | 1,497 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,219 |  |  | $ | 90,996 |
Loans and financing receivables (2): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ending balance, December 31, 2011 |  | $ | 494,299 |  |  | $ | 76,146 |  |  | $ | 2,124,734 |  |  | $ | 113,460 |  |  | $ | 347,677 |  |  | $ | 68,806 |  |  | $ | 256,869 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,481,991 |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 4,954 |  |  | $ | 33,402 |  |  | $ | 52,141 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 10,251 |  |  | $ | 478 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 101,226 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 489,345 |  |  | $ | 42,744 |  |  | $ | 2,072,593 |  |  | $ | 113,460 |  |  | $ | 337,426 |  |  | $ | 68,328 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,123,896 |
Acquired loans with deteriorated credit quality, net of discount |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 256,869 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 256,869 |
(1) | Represents the allowance and related loan balance in accordance with ASC 310-30.
(2) | Net of purchase accounting discount.
Past Due and Nonperforming Loans We seek to manage asset quality and control credit risk through diversification of the non-covered loan portfolio and the application of policies designed to promote sound underwriting and loan monitoring practices. The Bank’s Credit Management Division is in charge of monitoring asset quality, establishing credit policies and procedures and enforcing the consistent application of these policies and procedures across the Bank. Reviews of nonperforming, past due non-covered loans and larger credits, designed to identify potential charges to the allowance for credit losses, and to determine the adequacy of the allowance, are conducted on an ongoing basis. These reviews consider such factors as the financial strength of borrowers and any guarantors, the value of the applicable collateral, loan loss experience, estimated loan losses, growth in the loan portfolio, prevailing economic conditions and other factors. Loans are reported as a troubled debt restructuring when the Bank grants a concession(s) to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties that the Bank would not otherwise consider. Examples of such concessions include a reduction in the interest rate, deferral of principal or accrued interest, extending the payment due dates or loan maturity date(s), or providing a lower interest rate than would be normally available for new debt of similar risk. As a result of these concessions, restructured loans are classified as impaired. Impairment reserves on non-collateral dependent restructured loans are measured by comparing the present value of expected future cash flows on the restructured loans discounted at the interest rate of the original loan agreement to the loan’s carrying value. These impairment reserves are recognized as a specific component to be provided for in the allowance for loan and credit losses. Generally, when loans are identified as impaired they are moved to our Special Assets Division. When we identify a loan as impaired, we measure the loan for potential impairment using discounted cash flows, except when the sole remaining source of the repayment for the loan is the liquidation of the collateral. In these cases, we use the current fair value of collateral, less selling costs. The starting point for determining the fair value of collateral is through obtaining external appraisals. The accrual of interest on loans is discontinued when the loan becomes 90 or more days past due based on the contractual term of the loan, or when the full collection of principal and interest is in doubt. When an asset is placed on nonaccrual status, previously accrued but unpaid interest is reversed against income. Subsequent collections of cash are applied as reductions to the principal balance unless the loan is returned to accrual status. Nonaccrual loans may be restored to accrual status when principal and interest become current and full payment of principal and interest is expected. Speculative construction loans are generally for properties where there is no identified buyer or renter. The following table presents the recorded investment in non-covered past due and nonaccrual loans and loans past due by class of loans as of December 31, 2012 and 2011: Non-Covered Past Due and Nonaccrual Loans
|  | December 31, 2012 |
|  | 30-59 Days Past Due |  |  | 60-89 Days Past Due |  |  | 90+ Days Past Due and Accruing |  |  | Total Past Due and Accruing |  |  | Nonaccrual |  |  | Current |  |  | Total Loans and Financing Receivables |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 233 |  |  | $ | 457 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 690 |  |  | $ | 3,136 |  |  | $ | 543,596 |  |  | $ | 547,422 |
Construction—speculative |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 10,663 |  |  |  | 27,231 |  |  |  | 37,894 |
Construction—non-speculative |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 21,827 |  |  |  | 21,827 |
Commercial real estate—owner occupied |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,415 |  |  |  | 698,552 |  |  |  | 703,967 |
Commercial real estate—non-owner occupied |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 15,624 |  |  |  | 1,270,516 |  |  |  | 1,286,140 |
Residential real estate (SFR 1-4) |  |  | 107 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 107 |  |  |  | 13,102 |  |  |  | 146,079 |  |  |  | 159,288 |
Dairy and livestock |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 9,842 |  |  |  | 317,737 |  |  |  | 327,579 |
Agribusiness |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 9,081 |  |  |  | 9,081 |
Municipal lease finance receivables |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 105,767 |  |  |  | 105,767 |
Consumer |  |  | 74 |  |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 82 |  |  |  | 215 |  |  |  | 47,260 |  |  |  | 47,557 |
Auto and equipment leases |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 12,708 |  |  |  | 12,716 |
Total non-covered loans excluding held-for-sale |  |  | 422 |  |  |  | 465 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 887 |  |  |  | 57,997 |  |  |  | 3,200,354 |  |  |  | 3,259,238 |
Loans held-for-sale |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 422 |  |  | $ | 465 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 887 |  |  | $ | 57,997 |  |  | $ | 3,200,354 |  |  | $ | 3,259,238 |
|  | December 31, 2011 |
|  | 30-59 Days Past Due |  |  | 60-89 Days Past Due |  |  | 90+ Days Past Due and Accruing |  |  | Total Past Due and Accruing |  |  | Nonaccrual |  |  | Current |  |  | Total Loans and Financing Receivables |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 2,872 |  |  | $ | 150 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,022 |  |  | $ | 3,432 |  |  | $ | 487,845 |  |  | $ | 494,299 |
Construction—speculative |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 13,317 |  |  |  | 42,203 |  |  |  | 55,520 |
Construction—non-speculative |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 20,626 |  |  |  | 20,626 |
Commercial real estate—owner occupied |  |  | 133 |  |  |  | 280 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 413 |  |  |  | 9,474 |  |  |  | 690,071 |  |  |  | 699,958 |
Commercial real estate—non-owner occupied |  |  | 374 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 374 |  |  |  | 16,518 |  |  |  | 1,231,442 |  |  |  | 1,248,334 |
Residential real estate (SFR 1-4) |  |  | 1,568 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,568 |  |  |  | 16,970 |  |  |  | 157,904 |  |  |  | 176,442 |
Dairy and livestock |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,475 |  |  |  | 340,875 |  |  |  | 343,350 |
Agribusiness |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4,327 |  |  |  | 4,327 |
Municipal lease finance receivables |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 113,460 |  |  |  | 113,460 |
Consumer |  |  | 59 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 59 |  |  |  | 382 |  |  |  | 50,995 |  |  |  | 51,436 |
Auto and equipment leases |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 20 |  |  |  | 104 |  |  |  | 17,246 |  |  |  | 17,370 |
Total non-covered loans excluding held-for-sale |  |  | 5,020 |  |  |  | 436 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,456 |  |  |  | 62,672 |  |  |  | 3,156,994 |  |  |  | 3,225,122 |
Loans held-for-sale |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 348 |  |  |  | 348 |
Total |  | $ | 5,020 |  |  | $ | 436 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,456 |  |  | $ | 62,672 |  |  | $ | 3,157,342 |  |  | $ | 3,225,470 |
Non-Covered Impaired Loans At December 31, 2012, the Company had non-covered impaired loans of $108.4 million. Of this amount, $10.7 million in nonaccrual commercial construction loans, $13.1 million of nonaccrual single family mortgage loans, $21.0 million of nonaccrual commercial real estate loans, $3.1 million of nonaccrual commercial and industrial loans, $9.8 million of nonaccrual dairy and livestock loans and $215,000 of other loans. These non-covered impaired loans included $81.7 million of loans whose terms were modified in a troubled debt restructure, of which $31.3 million are classified as nonaccrual. The remaining balance of $50.4 million consists of 34 loans performing according to the restructured terms. The impaired loans had a specific allowance of $2.3 million at December 31, 2012. At December 31, 2011, the Company had classified as impaired, non-covered loans with a balance of $101.2 million with a related allowance of $3.0 million. The following table presents held-for-investment and held-for-sale loans, individually evaluated for impairment by class of loans, as of December 31, 2012 and 2011: Non-Covered Impaired Loans
|  | December 31, 2012 |
|  | Recorded Investment |  |  | Unpaid Principal Balance |  |  | Related Allowance |  |  | Average Recorded Investment |  |  | Interest Income Recognized |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
With no related allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 3,385 |  |  | $ | 4,215 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,766 |  |  | $ | 43 |
Construction—speculative |  |  | 21,314 |  |  |  | 21,607 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 21,650 |  |  |  | 311 |
Construction—non-speculative |  |  | 9,219 |  |  |  | 9,219 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 9,219 |  |  |  | 574 |
Commercial real estate—owner occupied |  |  | 13,478 |  |  |  | 14,569 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 14,459 |  |  |  | 397 |
Commercial real estate—non-owner occupied |  |  | 28,639 |  |  |  | 38,633 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 29,801 |  |  |  | 670 |
Residential real estate (SFR 1-4) |  |  | 11,079 |  |  |  | 14,342 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 11,292 |  |  |  | 54 |
Dairy and livestock |  |  | 12,406 |  |  |  | 13,756 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 11,834 |  |  |  | 173 |
Municipal lease finance receivables |  |  | 263 |  |  |  | 263 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 443 |  |  |  | 5 |
Consumer |  |  | 142 |  |  |  | 196 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 145 |  |  |  | — |
Auto and equipment leases |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  |  | 99,925 |  |  |  | 116,800 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 102,609 |  |  |  | 2,227 |
With a related allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 304 |  |  |  | 327 |  |  |  | 289 |  |  |  | 387 |  |  |  | — |
Construction—speculative |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Construction—non-speculative |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate—owner occupied |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 28 |  |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate—non-owner occupied |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Residential real estate (SFR 1-4) |  |  | 3,766 |  |  |  | 4,071 |  |  |  | 434 |  |  |  | 3,363 |  |  |  | — |
Dairy and livestock |  |  | 4,303 |  |  |  | 4,340 |  |  |  | 1,596 |  |  |  | 4,017 |  |  |  | 73 |
Municipal lease finance receivables |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Consumer |  |  | 73 |  |  |  | 74 |  |  |  | 11 |  |  |  | 75 |  |  |  | — |
Auto and equipment leases |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  |  | 8,465 |  |  |  | 8,831 |  |  |  | 2,332 |  |  |  | 7,870 |  |  |  | 73 |
Total non-covered impaired loans |  | $ | 108,390 |  |  | $ | 125,631 |  |  | $ | 2,332 |  |  | $ | 110,479 |  |  | $ | 2,300 |
|  | December 31, 2011 |
|  | Recorded Investment |  |  | Unpaid Principal Balance |  |  | Related Allowance |  |  | Average Recorded Investment |  |  | Interest Income Recognized |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
With no related allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 3,566 |  |  | $ | 4,630 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,649 |  |  | $ | 93 |
Held-for-sale construction - speculative |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Construction—speculative |  |  | 13,317 |  |  |  | 15,718 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 15,434 |  |  |  | — |
Construction—non-speculative |  |  | 20,085 |  |  |  | 20,085 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 16,437 |  |  |  | 1,123 |
Commercial real estate—owner occupied |  |  | 13,567 |  |  |  | 14,013 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 11,941 |  |  |  | 449 |
Commercial real estate—non-owner occupied |  |  | 16,435 |  |  |  | 23,656 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 21,096 |  |  |  | 67 |
Residential real estate (SFR 1-4) |  |  | 14,069 |  |  |  | 17,411 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 15,120 |  |  |  | 47 |
Dairy and livestock |  |  | 8,879 |  |  |  | 10,358 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 10,535 |  |  |  | 446 |
Municipal lease finance receivables |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Consumer |  |  | 104 |  |  |  | 150 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 127 |  |  |  | — |
Auto and equipment leases |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  |  | 90,022 |  |  |  | 106,021 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 95,339 |  |  |  | 2,225 |
With a related allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 1,388 |  |  |  | 1,410 |  |  |  | 165 |  |  |  | 1,554 |  |  |  | — |
Construction—speculative |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Construction—non-speculative |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate—owner occupied |  |  | 3,900 |  |  |  | 3,900 |  |  |  | 928 |  |  |  | 3,900 |  |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate—non-owner occupied |  |  | 83 |  |  |  | 85 |  |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 86 |  |  |  | — |
Residential real estate (SFR 1-4) |  |  | 4,087 |  |  |  | 4,369 |  |  |  | 406 |  |  |  | 3,967 |  |  |  | — |
Dairy and livestock |  |  | 1,372 |  |  |  | 3,324 |  |  |  | 1,372 |  |  |  | 2,402 |  |  |  | — |
Municipal lease finance receivables |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Consumer |  |  | 270 |  |  |  | 278 |  |  |  | 77 |  |  |  | 276 |  |  |  | — |
Auto and equipment leases |  |  | 104 |  |  |  | 110 |  |  |  | 15 |  |  |  | 141 |  |  |  | — |
Total |  |  | 11,204 |  |  |  | 13,476 |  |  |  | 2,968 |  |  |  | 12,326 |  |  |  | — |
Total non-covered impaired loans |  | $ | 101,226 |  |  | $ | 119,497 |  |  | $ | 2,968 |  |  | $ | 107,665 |  |  | $ | 2,225 |
The Company recognizes the charge-off of impairment allowance on impaired loans in the period it arises for collateral dependent loans. Therefore, the majority of the nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 have already been written down to their estimated net realizable value. The impaired loans with a related allowance recorded are on nonaccrual loans where a charge-off is not yet processed, on nonaccrual SFR loans where there is a potential modification in process, or on smaller balance non-collateral dependent loans. Impaired construction speculative loans increased in 2012 due to a participating interest in the Company’s only Shared National Credit loan that was transferred to nonaccrual status. The outstanding balance was $10.6 million as of December 31, 2012. The allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposure relates to commitments to extend credit, letters of credit and undisbursed funds on lines of credit. The Company evaluates credit risk associated with the off-balance sheet commitments at the same time it evaluates credit risk associated with the loan and lease portfolio. The Company recorded a reduction of $1.0 million in reserve for unfunded commitments for the year ended December 31, 2012, compared to a decrease of $918,000 in the reserve for the year ended December 31, 2011. As of December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the balance in this reserve was $8.6 million and $9.6 million, respectively, and was included in other liabilities. Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDR”) As a result of adopting the amendments in ASU 2011-02, the Company reassessed all restructurings that occurred on or after January 1, 2011 for identification as troubled debt restructurings. Loans that are reported as TDRs are considered impaired and charge-off amounts are taken on an individual loan basis, as deemed appropriate. The majority of restructured loans are loans for which the terms of repayment have been renegotiated, resulting in a reduction in interest rate or deferral of principal. Refer to Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Troubled Debt Restructurings, included herein. As of December 31 2012, we had loans of $81.7 million classified as a troubled debt restructured, of which $31.3 million are nonperforming and $50.4 million are performing. TDRs on accrual status are comprised of loans that were accruing at the time of restructuring or have demonstrated repayment performance in compliance with the restructured terms for a sustained period and for which the Company anticipates full repayment of both principal and interest. TDRs on accrual status at December 31, 2012 were mainly comprised of commercial real estate loans including construction loans. The majority of TDRs have no specific allowance allocated as any impairment amount is normally charged off at the time a probable loss is determined. We have allocated $1.4 million and $27,000 specific allowance to TDRs as of December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011. The following are the loans modified as troubled debt restructurings for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011: Modifications
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, 2012 |
|  | Number of Loans |  |  | Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  |  | Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  |  | Outstanding Recorded Investment at December 31, 2012 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 9 |  |  | $ | 2,381 |  |  | $ | 2,381 |  |  | $ | 1,883 |
Construction—speculative |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 10,966 |  |  |  | 10,966 |  |  |  | 10,663 |
Construction—non-speculative |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate—owner occupied |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 4,225 |  |  |  | 4,225 |  |  |  | 3,903 |
Commercial real estate—non-owner occupied |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 9,284 |  |  |  | 9,284 |  |  |  | 8,662 |
Residential real estate (SFR 1-4) |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 399 |  |  |  | 399 |  |  |  | 398 |
Dairy and livestock |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | 9,447 |  |  |  | 9,447 |  |  |  | 9,184 |
Municipal lease finance receivables |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 519 |  |  |  | 519 |  |  |  | 263 |
Total non-covered loans |  |  | 31 |  |  |  | 37,221 |  |  |  | 37,221 |  |  |  | 34,956 |
Covered loans |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 905 |  |  |  | 905 |  |  |  | 891 |
Total gross loans |  |  | 32 |  |  | $ | 38,126 |  |  | $ | 38,126 |  |  | $ | 35,847 |
|  | For the Year Ended December 31, 2011 |
|  | Number of Loans |  |  | Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  |  | Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  |  | Outstanding Recorded Investment at December 31, 2011 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 5 |  |  | $ | 1,673 |  |  | $ | 1,372 |  |  | $ | 1,224 |
Construction—speculative |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 16,886 |  |  |  | 16,886 |  |  |  | 15,394 |
Construction—non-speculative |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 9,219 |  |  |  | 9,219 |  |  |  | 9,219 |
Commercial real estate—owner occupied |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 3,195 |  |  |  | 3,195 |  |  |  | 3,067 |
Commercial real estate—non-owner occupied |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 11,707 |  |  |  | 11,707 |  |  |  | 10,236 |
Residential real estate (SFR 1-4) |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 2,162 |  |  |  | 2,161 |  |  |  | 2,049 |
Dairy and livestock |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 11,750 |  |  |  | 11,750 |  |  |  | 8,662 |
Total non-covered loans |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | 56,592 |  |  |  | 56,290 |  |  |  | 49,851 |
Covered loans |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total gross loans |  |  | 25 |  |  | $ | 56,592 |  |  | $ | 56,290 |  |  | $ | 49,851 |
As of December 31 2012, there was one construction loan with an outstanding balance of $10.7 million and one commercial real estate loan with an outstanding balance of $2.4 million that were previously modified as a troubled debt restructuring within the previous 12 months that subsequently defaulted during the year ended December 31, 2012.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for financing receivables. Examples of financing receivables include, but are not limited to, loans, trade accounts receivables, notes receivable, credit cards, and receivables relating to a lessor's right(s) to payment(s) from a lease other than an operating lease that is recognized as assets. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 310 -SubTopic 10 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2196772 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 310 -SubTopic 10 -Section 55 -Paragraph 14 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=7880640&loc=SL6953791-111525 + Details
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