In May 2018, the shareholders approved the 2018 Equity Plan which authorizes the issuance of up to 9,000,000 shares of CVB’s common stock for eligible participants, which include all of the Company’s employees, officers, and directors, and expires in 2028. The plan authorizes the issuance of a variety of types of equity awards, which include incentive stock options,

non-qualified

stock options, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), restricted stock units (“RSUs”), and other stock-based awards. The 2018 Equity Plan replaced the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan. No further grants will be made under the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan, but shares may continue to be issued under such plan pursuant to grants previously made. As of December 31, 2019, we have 312,500 outstanding options, unvested RSAs under our 2008 Equity Incentive Plan.

Stock Options

The Company expensed $352,000, $400,000, and $399,000, for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The estimated fair value of the options granted during 2019 and prior years was calculated using the Black-Scholes options pricing model. There were 1,500, 140,500 and 11,500 options granted during 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The options will vest, in equal installments, over a five-year period

The fair value of each stock option granted in 2019, 2018 and 2017, was estimated on the date of grant using the following weighted-average assumptions.


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017
Dividend yield		2.4	%		2.4	%		2.2	%
Volatility		23.3	%		25.4	%		29.6	%
Risk-free interest rate		2.5	%		2.9	%		1.8	%
Expected life		5.4 years			5.4 years			5.6 years
Weighted average grant date fair value	$	4.35		$	5.08		$	5.17

The expected volatility is solely based on the daily historical stock price volatility over the expected option life. The expected life of options granted is derived from the output of the option valuation model and represents the period of time an optionee will hold an option before exercising it. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury five-year constant maturity yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. In connection with the adoption of ASU

2016-09

in 2017, the Company elected to account for forfeitures as they occur, rather than to estimate forfeitures over the vesting period.

The following table presents option activity under the Company’s stock option plans as of and for the year ended December 31, 2019.


	Number of Stock Options Outstanding			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
	(In thousands)					(In years)		(In thousands)
Outstanding at January 1, 2019		532		$	16.73
Granted		2			23.12
Exercised		(161	)		13.78
Forfeited or expired		(14	)		19.00

Outstanding at December 31, 2019		359		$	17.99		6.05	$	1,587

Vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2019		359		$	17.99		6.05	$	1,587
Exercisable at December 31, 2019		212		$	15.58		4.76	$	1,364

The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $1.3 million, $2.2 million and $3.8 million, respectively.

As of December 31, 2019, there was a total of $564,000 in unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested options granted under the Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.2 years. The total fair value of options vested was $520,000, $364,000 and $505,000 during 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Cash received from stock option exercises was $2.2 million, $1.7 million and $2.7 million, in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

At December 31, 2019, options for the purchase of 358,600 shares of CVB’s common stock were outstanding under the above plans, of which options to purchase 212,133 shares were exercisable at prices ranging from $7.68 to $24.83.

The Company has a policy of issuing new shares to satisfy share option exercises.

Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Units

The Company granted 217,000, 424,000 and 73,000 restricted stock awa

ds during 2019, 2018 and 2017 respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value of RSAs and RSUs granted in 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $20.76 per share, $23.84 per share and $21.59 per share, respectively. These awards will vest, in equal installments, over a period of

approximately

one

five years

Compensation

cost is recognized over the requisite service period, which is approximately one to five years, and amounted to $5.2 million, $3.1 million and $2.6 million during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Total unrecognized compensation cost related to RSAs and RSUs was $6.3 million at December 31, 2019.

The table below summarizes activity related to the Company’s

non-vested

RSAs and RSUs for the year ended December 31, 2019.


	Shares			Weighted Average Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Nonvested at January 1, 2019		624		$	21.56
Granted		217			20.76
Vested		(220	)		19.59
Forfeited		(180	)		23.75

Nonvested at December 31, 2019		441		$	21.25

Under the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, 8,060,466 shares of common stock were available for the granting of future stock-based awards as of December 31, 2019.