10-Q 1 banc-9302017x10q.htm 10-Q
Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

ý | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017
or

¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-35522

BANC OF CALIFORNIA, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Maryland
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
04-3639825
(IRS Employer Identification No.)
3 MacArthur Place, Santa Ana, California
(Address of principal executive offices)
92707
(Zip Code)
(855) 361-2262
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer |  | ý |  | Accelerated filer |  | ¨
Non-accelerated filer |  | ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |  | Smaller reporting company |  | ¨
|  |  |  | Emerging growth company |  | ¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.) Yes ¨ No ý
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date.
As of November 1, 2017, the registrant had outstanding 50,106,058 shares of voting common stock and 430,694 shares of Class B non-voting common stock.

Table of Contents
BANC OF CALIFORNIA, INC.
FORM 10-Q QUARTERLY REPORT
September 30, 2017
Table of Contents

|  | Page
Part I – Financial Information | 4
Item 1 – | Financial Statements | 4
Item 2 – | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 79
Item 3 – | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 118
Item 4 – | Controls and Procedures | 120
Part II – Other Information | 123
Item 1 – | Legal Proceedings | 123
Item 1A – | Risk Factors | 124
Item 2 – | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 126
Item 3 – | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 126
Item 4 – | Mine Safety Disclosures | 126
Item 5 – | Other Information | 126
Item 6 – | Exhibits | 127
Signatures | 132

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Table of Contents
Forward-looking Statements
When used in this report and in public stockholder communications, in other documents of Banc of California, Inc. (the Company, we, us and our) filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC), or in oral statements made with the approval of an authorized executive officer, the words or phrases “believe,” “will,” “should,” “will likely result,” “are expected to,” “will continue,” “is anticipated,” “estimate,” “project,” “plans,” “guidance” or similar expressions are intended to identify “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made. These statements may relate to our future financial performance, strategic plans or objectives, revenue, expense or earnings projections, or other financial items. By their nature, these statements are subject to numerous uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in the statements.
Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results anticipated or projected include, but are not limited to, the following:

i. | a pending investigation by the SEC may result in adverse findings, reputational damage, the imposition of sanctions, increased costs and other negative consequences;

ii. | management time and resources may be diverted to address the pending SEC investigation as well as any related litigation, litigation initiated by stockholders and other litigation;

iii. | the costs and effects of litigation, including settlements and judgments;

iv. | the resignation of our former chief executive officer might cause a loss of confidence among certain customers who may withdraw their deposits or terminate their business relationships with us, notwithstanding the hiring of our new chief executive officer;

v. | our performance may be adversely affected by the management transition resulting from the resignation of our former chief executive officer, notwithstanding the hiring of our new chief executive officer, and the resignation of our former interim chief financial officer, notwithstanding the hiring of our new chief financial officer;

vi. | risks that the Company’s merger and acquisition transactions may disrupt current plans and operations and lead to difficulties in customer and employee retention, risks that the costs, fees, expenses and charges related to these transactions could be significantly higher than anticipated and risks that the expected revenues, cost savings, synergies and other benefits of these transactions might not be realized to the extent anticipated, within the anticipated timetables, or at all;

vii. | the recent disposition of the Banc Home Loans division that occurred during the first quarter of 2017 may adversely impact our revenues and profitability to the extent we are unable to replace its revenues or realize the expected cost savings of this transaction;

viii. | risks that funds obtained from capital raising activities will not be utilized efficiently or effectively;

ix. | a worsening of current economic conditions, as well as turmoil in the financial markets;

x. | the credit risks of lending activities, which may be affected by deterioration in real estate markets and the financial condition of borrowers, may lead to increased loan and lease delinquencies, losses and nonperforming assets in our loan and lease portfolio, and may result in our allowance for loan and lease losses not being adequate to cover actual losses and require us to materially increase our loan and lease loss reserves;

xi. | the quality and composition of our securities portfolio;

xii. | changes in general economic conditions, either nationally or in our market areas, or in financial markets;

xiii. | continuation of or changes in the historically low short-term interest rate environment, changes in the levels of general interest rates, volatility in the interest rate environment, the relative differences between short- and long-term interest rates, deposit interest rates, and our net interest margin and funding sources;

xiv. | fluctuations in the demand for loans and leases, the number of unsold homes and other properties and fluctuations in commercial and residential real estate values in our market area;

xv. | our ability to maintain a strong core deposit base or other low cost funding sources necessary to fund our activities;

xvi. | results of examinations of us by regulatory authorities and the possibility that any such regulatory authority may, among other things, limit our business activities, require us to change our business mix, increase our allowance for loan and lease losses, write-down asset values, or increase our capital levels, or affect our ability to borrow funds or maintain or increase deposits, any of which could adversely affect our liquidity and earnings;

xvii. | legislative or regulatory changes that adversely affect our business, including, without limitation, changes in tax laws and policies and changes in regulatory capital or other rules, as well as additional regulatory burdens that result from our growth to over $10 billion in total assets;

xviii. | our ability to control operating costs and expenses;

xix. | staffing fluctuations in response to product demand or the implementation of corporate strategies that affect our work force and potential associated charges;

xx. | errors in estimates of the fair values of certain of our assets and liabilities, which may result in significant changes in valuation;

xxi. | the network and computer systems on which we depend could fail or experience a security breach;

xxii. | our ability to attract and retain key members of our senior management team;

xxiii. | increased competitive pressures among financial services companies;

xxiv. | changes in consumer spending, borrowing and saving habits;

xxv. | adverse changes in the securities markets;

xxvi. | earthquake, fire or other natural disasters affecting the condition of real estate collateral;

xxvii. | the availability of resources to address changes in laws, rules or regulations or to respond to regulatory actions;

xxviii. | the ability of key third-party providers to perform their obligations to us;

xxix. | changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the financial institution regulatory agencies or the Financial Accounting Standards Board or their application to our business, including additional guidance and interpretation on accounting issues and details of the implementation of new accounting methods;

xxx. | share price volatility and reputational risks, related to, among other things, speculative trading and certain traders shorting our common shares and attempting to generate negative publicity about us;

xxxi. | war or terrorist activities; and

xxxii. | other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, and technological factors affecting our operations, pricing, products and services and the other risks described in this report and from time to time in other documents that we file with or furnish to the SEC, including, without limitation, the risks described under “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, under “Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2017 and this report.

The Company undertakes no obligation to update any such statement to reflect circumstances or events that occur after the date, on which the forward-looking statement is made, except as required by law.
3

Table of Contents
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1 – FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
BANC OF CALIFORNIA, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(Unaudited)

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
ASSETS |  |  |
Cash and due from banks | $ | 17,444 |  |  | $ | 16,769 |
Interest-earning deposits in financial institutions | 594,382 |  |  | 422,741 |
Total cash and cash equivalents | 611,826 |  |  | 439,510 |
Time deposits in financial institutions | 1,000 |  |  | 1,000 |
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value | 2,755,664 |  |  | 2,381,488 |
Securities held to maturity, at amortized cost (fair value of $899,743 at December 31, 2016) | — |  |  | 884,234 |
Loans held-for-sale, carried at fair value | 43,188 |  |  | 10,636 |
Loans held-for-sale, carried at lower of cost or fair value | 6,942 |  |  | 287,382 |
Loans and leases receivable, net of allowance for loan and lease losses of $45,072 and $40,444 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively | 6,181,825 |  |  | 5,994,308 |
Federal Home Loan Bank and other bank stock, at cost | 67,063 |  |  | 67,842 |
Servicing rights, net ($38,715 and $38,440 measured at fair value at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively) | 40,448 |  |  | 39,936 |
Other real estate owned, net | 3,682 |  |  | 2,502 |
Premises, equipment, and capital leases, net | 139,326 |  |  | 140,917 |
Bank owned life insurance | 104,292 |  |  | 102,512 |
Goodwill | 37,144 |  |  | 37,144 |
Investments in alternative energy partnerships, net | 43,817 |  |  | 25,639 |
Deferred income taxes, net | 23,333 |  |  | 9,989 |
Income tax receivable | 7,699 |  |  | 16,009 |
Other intangible assets, net | 10,219 |  |  | 13,617 |
Other assets | 142,985 |  |  | 92,694 |
Assets of discontinued operations (Note 2) | 59,575 |  |  | 482,494 |
Total assets | $ | 10,280,028 |  |  | $ | 11,029,853 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |
Noninterest-bearing deposits | $ | 1,075,782 |  |  | $ | 1,282,629 |
Interest-bearing deposits | 6,327,811 |  |  | 7,859,521 |
Total deposits | 7,403,593 |  |  | 9,142,150 |
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank | 1,470,000 |  |  | 490,000 |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 36,520 |  |  | — |
Other borrowings | — |  |  | 67,922 |
Long term debt, net | 172,865 |  |  | 175,378 |
Reserve for loss on repurchased loans | 6,173 |  |  | 7,974 |
Income taxes payable | — |  |  | 92 |
Due on unsettled securities purchases | 54,500 |  |  | 50,149 |
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | 109,969 |  |  | 81,469 |
Liabilities of discontinued operations (Note 2) | 12,500 |  |  | 34,480 |
Total liabilities | 9,266,120 |  |  | 10,049,614 |
Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note 19) |  |  |
Preferred stock | 269,071 |  |  | 269,071 |
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share, 446,863,844 shares authorized; 54,179,436 shares issued and 50,096,056 shares outstanding at September 30, 2017; 53,794,322 shares issued and 49,695,299 shares outstanding at December 31, 2016 | 542 |  |  | 537 |
Class B non-voting non-convertible common stock, $0.01 par value per share, 3,136,156 shares authorized; 430,694 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017 and 201,922 shares issued and outstanding December 31, 2016 | 4 |  |  | 2 |
Additional paid-in capital | 619,849 |  |  | 614,226 |
Retained earnings | 145,420 |  |  | 134,515 |
Treasury stock, at cost (4,083,380 shares at September 30, 2017 and 4,099,023 shares at December 31, 2016) | (28,786 | ) |  | (29,070 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net | 7,808 |  |  | (9,042 | )
Total stockholders’ equity | 1,013,908 |  |  | 980,239 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 10,280,028 |  |  | $ | 11,029,853 |

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
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Table of Contents
BANC OF CALIFORNIA, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Interest and dividend income |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans and leases, including fees | $ | 70,208 |  |  | $ | 76,257 |  |  | $ | 209,376 |  |  | $ | 210,255 |
Securities | 24,337 |  |  | 19,934 |  |  | 76,572 |  |  | 55,374 |
Other interest-earning assets | 2,206 |  |  | 1,931 |  |  | 6,085 |  |  | 4,484 |
Total interest and dividend income | 96,751 |  |  | 98,122 |  |  | 292,033 |  |  | 270,113 |
Interest expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | 15,468 |  |  | 11,224 |  |  | 44,370 |  |  | 27,716 |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 3,352 |  |  | 1,413 |  |  | 7,549 |  |  | 4,641 |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 500 |  |  | 48 |  |  | 686 |  |  | 597 |
Long term debt and other interest-bearing liabilities | 2,395 |  |  | 2,589 |  |  | 8,411 |  |  | 9,746 |
Total interest expense | 21,715 |  |  | 15,274 |  |  | 61,016 |  |  | 42,700 |
Net interest income | 75,036 |  |  | 82,848 |  |  | 231,017 |  |  | 227,413 |
Provision for loan and lease losses | 3,561 |  |  | 2,592 |  |  | 8,647 |  |  | 4,682 |
Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses | 71,475 |  |  | 80,256 |  |  | 222,370 |  |  | 222,731 |
Noninterest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Customer service fees | 1,576 |  |  | 1,566 |  |  | 4,868 |  |  | 3,587 |
Loan servicing income (loss) | 553 |  |  | 74 |  |  | 3,441 |  |  | (4,066 | )
Income from bank owned life insurance | 583 |  |  | 595 |  |  | 1,780 |  |  | 1,738 |
Net gain on sale of securities available-for-sale | 7,625 |  |  | 487 |  |  | 12,080 |  |  | 30,100 |
Net gain on sale of loans | 5,735 |  |  | 11,063 |  |  | 10,737 |  |  | 15,405 |
Loan brokerage income | — |  |  | 1,298 |  |  | 1,061 |  |  | 2,920 |
Gain on sale of subsidiary | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,694 |
Other income | 2,293 |  |  | 6,947 |  |  | 5,008 |  |  | 12,748 |
Total noninterest income | 18,365 |  |  | 22,030 |  |  | 38,975 |  |  | 66,126 |
Noninterest expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salaries and employee benefits | 30,216 |  |  | 37,133 |  |  | 96,007 |  |  | 103,347 |
Occupancy and equipment | 10,085 |  |  | 10,036 |  |  | 30,529 |  |  | 28,034 |
Professional fees | 7,697 |  |  | 6,482 |  |  | 34,564 |  |  | 18,811 |
Outside service fees | 881 |  |  | 1,613 |  |  | 3,883 |  |  | 5,258 |
Data processing | 1,901 |  |  | 2,112 |  |  | 6,326 |  |  | 5,954 |
Advertising | 1,051 |  |  | 1,900 |  |  | 3,893 |  |  | 4,115 |
Regulatory assessments | 2,350 |  |  | 2,125 |  |  | 5,931 |  |  | 5,740 |
Loss on investments in alternative energy partnerships | 8,348 |  |  | 17,660 |  |  | 26,791 |  |  | 17,660 |
Provision (reversal) for loan repurchases | (749 | ) |  | 49 |  |  | (1,477 | ) |  | (451 | )
Amortization of intangible assets | 916 |  |  | 1,179 |  |  | 3,062 |  |  | 3,823 |
Impairment on intangible assets | — |  |  | — |  |  | 336 |  |  | — |
Restructuring expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,369 |  |  | — |
All other expense | 12,975 |  |  | 5,834 |  |  | 26,672 |  |  | 18,029 |
Total noninterest expense | 75,671 |  |  | 86,123 |  |  | 241,886 |  |  | 210,320 |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 14,169 |  |  | 16,163 |  |  | 19,459 |  |  | 78,537 |
Income tax (benefit) expense | (3,939 | ) |  | (9,016 | ) |  | (23,163 | ) |  | 16,292 |
Income from continuing operations | 18,108 |  |  | 25,179 |  |  | 42,622 |  |  | 62,245 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes (including net gain on disposal of $211 and $13,749 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively) | (1,958 | ) |  | 18,574 |  |  | 6,399 |  |  | 33,952 |
Income tax (benefit) expense | (799 | ) |  | 7,816 |  |  | 2,614 |  |  | 14,045 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | (1,159 | ) |  | 10,758 |  |  | 3,785 |  |  | 19,907 |
Net income | 16,949 |  |  | 35,937 |  |  | 46,407 |  |  | 82,152 |
Preferred stock dividends | 5,112 |  |  | 5,112 |  |  | 15,338 |  |  | 14,801 |
Net income available to common stockholders | $ | 11,837 |  |  | $ | 30,825 |  |  | $ | 31,069 |  |  | $ | 67,351 |
Basic earnings per common share |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income from continuing operations | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.38 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |  |  | $ | 0.99 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | (0.02 | ) |  | 0.22 |  |  | 0.08 |  |  | 0.43 |
Net income | $ | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 1.42 |
Diluted earnings per common share |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income from continuing operations | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.38 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |  |  | $ | 0.97 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | (0.02 | ) |  | 0.21 |  |  | 0.07 |  |  | 0.43 |
Net income | $ | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.59 |  |  | $ | 0.59 |  |  | $ | 1.40 |
Basic earnings per class B common share |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income from continuing operations | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.38 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |  |  | $ | 0.99 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | (0.02 | ) |  | 0.22 |  |  | 0.08 |  |  | 0.43 |
Net income | $ | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 1.42 |
Diluted earnings per class B common share |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income from continuing operations | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.38 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |  |  | $ | 0.99 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | (0.02 | ) |  | 0.22 |  |  | 0.08 |  |  | 0.43 |
Net income | $ | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 1.42 |

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
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Table of Contents
BANC OF CALIFORNIA, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Amounts in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Net income | $ | 16,949 |  |  | $ | 35,937 |  |  | $ | 46,407 |  |  | $ | 82,152 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized gain arising during the period | 3,381 |  |  | 4,667 |  |  | 11,061 |  |  | 27,653 |
Unrealized gain arising from the reclassification of securities held-to-maturity to securities available-for-sale | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,845 |  |  | — |
Reclassification adjustment for gain included in net income | (4,454 | ) |  | (285 | ) |  | (7,056 | ) |  | (17,593 | )
Total change in unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities | (1,073 | ) |  | 4,382 |  |  | 16,850 |  |  | 10,060 |
Total other comprehensive income (loss) | (1,073 | ) |  | 4,382 |  |  | 16,850 |  |  | 10,060 |
Comprehensive income | $ | 15,876 |  |  | $ | 40,319 |  |  | $ | 63,257 |  |  | $ | 92,212 |

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
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Table of Contents
BANC OF CALIFORNIA, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Amounts in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| Preferred Stock |  | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Retained Earnings |  | Treasury Stock |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  |
|  | Voting |  | Class B Non-Voting |  |  |  |  |  | Total
Balance at December 31, 2015 | $ | 190,750 |  |  | $ | 395 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 429,790 |  |  | $ | 63,534 |  |  | $ | (29,070 | ) |  | $ | (2,995 | ) |  | $ | 652,405 |
Comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 82,152 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 82,152 |
Other comprehensive income, net | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,060 |  |  | 10,060 |
Issuance of common stock | — |  |  | 118 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 174,971 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 175,090 |
Issuance of preferred stock | 120,255 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 120,255 |
Redemption of preferred stock | (41,934 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (66 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (42,000 | )
Issuance of common stock for Stock Employee Compensation Trust | — |  |  | 25 |  |  | — |  |  | (25 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Cash settlement of stock options | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (359 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (359 | )
Share-based compensation expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,527 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,527 |
Restricted stock surrendered due to employee tax liability | — |  |  | (2 | ) |  | — |  |  | (3,884 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3,886 | )
Tax effect from stock compensation plan | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,877 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,877 |
Shares purchased under the Dividend Reinvestment Plan | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 172 |  |  | (174 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2 | )
Stock appreciation right dividend equivalents | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (558 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (558 | )
Dividends declared ($0.36 per common share) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (17,336 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (17,336 | )
Preferred stock dividends | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (14,801 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (14,801 | )
Balance at September 30, 2016 | $ | 269,071 |  |  | $ | 536 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 611,069 |  |  | $ | 112,751 |  |  | $ | (29,070 | ) |  | $ | 7,065 |  |  | $ | 971,424 |
Balance at December 31, 2016 | $ | 269,071 |  |  | $ | 537 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 614,226 |  |  | $ | 134,515 |  |  | $ | (29,070 | ) |  | $ | (9,042 | ) |  | $ | 980,239 |
Comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 46,407 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 46,407 |
Other comprehensive income, net | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,850 |  |  | 16,850 |
Issuance of common stock | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | 2 |  |  | (7 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Exercise of stock options | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,676 |  |  | — |  |  | 284 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,963 |
Share-based compensation expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,912 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,912 |
Restricted stock surrendered due to employee tax liability | — |  |  | (3 | ) |  | — |  |  | (6,019 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,022 | )
Shares purchased under the Dividend Reinvestment Plan | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 61 |  |  | (123 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (62 | )
Stock appreciation right dividend equivalents | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (608 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (608 | )
Dividends declared ($0.39 per common share) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (19,433 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (19,433 | )
Preferred stock dividends | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (15,338 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (15,338 | )
Balance at September 30, 2017 | $ | 269,071 |  |  | $ | 542 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 619,849 |  |  | $ | 145,420 |  |  | $ | (28,786 | ) |  | $ | 7,808 |  |  | $ | 1,013,908 |

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
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BANC OF CALIFORNIA, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Amounts in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 46,407 |  |  | $ | 82,152 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |  |  |
Provision for loan and lease losses | 8,647 |  |  | 4,682 |
Provision for unfunded loan commitments | 2,257 |  |  | 185 |
Reversal for loan repurchases | (1,477 | ) |  | (451 | )
Depreciation on premises and equipment | 9,546 |  |  | 8,510 |
Amortization of intangible assets | 3,062 |  |  | 3,823 |
Amortization of debt issuance cost | 171 |  |  | 480 |
Net amortization (accretion) of premium and discount on securities | (1,553 | ) |  | 1,061 |
Net amortization of deferred loan fees and costs | (917 | ) |  | (663 | )
Accretion of discounts on purchased loans | (4,502 | ) |  | (31,029 | )
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense | (25,341 | ) |  | 5,197 |
Bank owned life insurance income | (1,780 | ) |  | (1,738 | )
Share-based compensation expense | 9,912 |  |  | 8,527 |
Loss on investments in alternative energy partnerships | 26,791 |  |  | 17,660 |
Impairment on intangible assets | 336 |  |  | — |
Debt redemption costs | — |  |  | 2,737 |
Net revenue on mortgage banking activities | (43,083 | ) |  | (127,638 | )
Net gain on sale of loans | (10,737 | ) |  | (15,405 | )
Net gain on sale of securities available for sale | (12,080 | ) |  | (30,100 | )
Loss from change of fair value on mortgage servicing rights | 10,346 |  |  | 22,908 |
Loss on sale or disposal of property and equipment | 894 |  |  | 78 |
Net gain on disposal of discontinued operations | (13,749 | ) |  | — |
Gain on sale of subsidiary | — |  |  | (3,694 | )
Repurchase of mortgage loans | (27,261 | ) |  | (29,458 | )
Originations of loans held-for-sale from mortgage banking | (1,533,889 | ) |  | (3,824,562 | )
Originations of other loans held-for-sale | (92,393 | ) |  | (545,920 | )
Proceeds from sales of and principal collected on loans held-for-sale from mortgage banking | 1,962,308 |  |  | 3,853,406 |
Proceeds from sales of and principal collected on other loans held-for-sale | 290,236 |  |  | 493,346 |
Change in accrued interest receivable and other assets | 4,929 |  |  | (58,724 | )
Change in accrued interest payable and other liabilities | (96,259 | ) |  | 19,659 |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 510,821 |  |  | (144,971 | )
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |
Proceeds from sales of securities available-for-sale | 937,173 |  |  | 3,783,965 |
Proceeds from maturities and calls of securities available-for-sale | 262,378 |  |  | — |
Proceeds from principal repayments of securities available-for-sale | 33,272 |  |  | 72,390 |
Proceeds from maturities and calls of securities held-to-maturity | 143,505 |  |  | — |
Purchases of securities available-for-sale | (769,290 | ) |  | (4,856,401 | )
Net cash provided by disposal of discontinued operations | 56,076 |  |  | — |
Proceeds from sale of subsidiary | — |  |  | 259 |
Loan and lease originations and principal collections, net | (694,581 | ) |  | (1,448,427 | )
Purchase of loans and leases | — |  |  | (179,897 | )
Redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock | 18,738 |  |  | 20,965 |
Purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank and other bank stock | (17,959 | ) |  | (31,125 | )
Proceeds from sale of loans | 604,538 |  |  | 276,264 |
Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned | 1,652 |  |  | 1,592 |
Proceeds from sale of mortgage servicing rights | — |  |  | 5 |
Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment | 2,184 |  |  | — |
Additions to premises and equipment | (13,093 | ) |  | (30,847 | )
Payments of capital lease obligations | (764 | ) |  | (728 | )
Funding of equity investment | (24,506 | ) |  | — |
Investments in alternative energy partnerships | (45,926 | ) |  | (41,572 | )
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 493,397 |  |  | (2,433,557 | )
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |
Net (decrease) increase in deposits | (1,738,557 | ) |  | 2,775,234 |
Net increase (decrease) in short-term Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 980,000 |  |  | (110,000 | )
Repayment of long-term Federal Home Loan Bank advances | (100,000 | ) |  | (50,000 | )
Proceeds from long-term Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 100,000 |  |  | — |
Net increase in securities sold under repurchase agreements | 36,520 |  |  | — |
Net (decrease) increase in other borrowings | (68,000 | ) |  | 49,903 |
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock | — |  |  | 175,090 |
Net proceeds from issuance of preferred stock | — |  |  | 120,255 |
Redemption of preferred stock | — |  |  | (42,000 | )
Payment of amortizing debt | (2,684 | ) |  | (3,773 | )
Redemption of long term debt | — |  |  | (84,750 | )
Proceeds from exercise of stock options | 1,963 |  |  | — |
Cash settlement of stock options | — |  |  | (359 | )
Restricted stock surrendered due to employee tax liability | (6,022 | ) |  | (3,886 | )
Dividend equivalents paid on stock appreciation rights | (607 | ) |  | (556 | )
Dividends paid on preferred stock | (15,338 | ) |  | (14,518 | )
Dividends paid on common stock | (19,177 | ) |  | (15,633 | )
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (831,902 | ) |  | 2,795,007 |
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | 172,316 |  |  | 216,479 |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 439,510 |  |  | 156,124 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 611,826 |  |  | $ | 372,603 |
Supplemental cash flow information |  |  |
Interest paid on deposits and borrowed funds | $ | 57,066 |  |  | $ | 43,968 |
Income taxes paid | 8,940 |  |  | 36,647 |
Income taxes refunds received | 14,070 |  |  | 1 |
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash activities |  |  |
Transfer from loans to other real estate owned, net | $ | 3,068 |  |  | $ | 844 |
Transfer of loans held-for-investment to loans held-for-sale | 592,998 |  |  | 161,601 |
Transfer of loans held-for-sale to loans held-for-investment | 88,591 |  |  | 7,115 |
Reclassification of securities held-to-maturity to securities available-for-sale | 740,863 |  |  | — |
Equipment acquired under capital leases | 70 |  |  | 16 |
Due on unsettled securities purchases | 54,500 |  |  | 61,766 |
Recognition of sold loans that are subject to repurchase option | 42,141 |  |  | 11,072 |

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
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BANC OF CALIFORNIA, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
September 30, 2017
NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of Consolidation: The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Banc of California, Inc. (collectively, with its consolidated subsidiaries, the Company, we, us and our) and its wholly owned subsidiary, Banc of California, National Association (the Bank), as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Unless the context requires otherwise, all references to the Company include its then wholly owned subsidiaries.
Nature of Operations: Banc of California, Inc. is a financial holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, headquartered in Santa Ana, California and incorporated under the laws of Maryland. Banc of California, Inc. is subject to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (FRB) and the Bank operates under a national bank charter issued by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), its primary regulator. The Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) system, and maintains insurance on deposit accounts with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).
As of September 30, 2017, the Bank had 34 banking offices, serving Orange, Los Angeles, San Diego, and Santa Barbara counties in California.
Significant Accounting Policies: The accounting and reporting policies of the Company are based upon U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and conform to predominant practices within the banking industry. The Company has not made any significant changes in its critical accounting policies from those disclosed in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 filed with the SEC. Refer to Accounting Pronouncements below for discussion of accounting pronouncements adopted in 2017.
Basis of Presentation: The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to Article 10 of SEC Regulation S-X and other SEC rules and regulations for reporting on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, certain disclosures required by GAAP are not included herein. These interim statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 filed by the Company with the SEC. The December 31, 2016 statement of financial condition presented herein has been derived from the audited financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 filed with the SEC, but does not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements.
In the opinion of management of the Company, the accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements reflect all of the adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial condition and consolidated results of operations as of the dates and for the periods presented. Certain reclassifications have been made in the prior period financial statements to conform to the current period presentation. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2017.
During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company completed the sale of its Banc Home Loans division, which largely represented the Company's Mortgage Banking segment. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 205-20, the Company determined that the sale of the Banc Home Loans division and certain other mortgage banking related assets and liabilities that will be sold or settled separately within one year met the criteria to be classified as a discontinued operation and the related operating results and financial condition have been presented as discontinued operations in the consolidated financial statements (see Note 2 for additional information). Unless otherwise indicated, information included in these notes to the consolidated financial statements (unaudited) are presented on a consolidated operations basis, which includes results from both continuing and discontinued operations, for all periods presented.
In connection with the sale of its Mortgage Banking segment, the Company reassessed its reportable operating segments. Based on this internal evaluation, the Company determined that all three of its previously disclosed reportable segments, Commercial Banking, Mortgage Banking, and Corporate/Other, are no longer applicable. Accordingly, to better reflect how the Company is now managed and how information is internally reviewed, the Company determined that all services offered by the Company relate to Commercial Banking. As a result, the Company's only reportable segment is Commercial Banking.
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Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and disclosures provided, and actual results could differ. The allowance for loan and lease losses (ALLL), reserve for loss on repurchased loans, reserve for unfunded loan commitments, servicing rights, the valuation of goodwill and other intangible assets, derivative instruments, purchased credit impaired (PCI) loan discount accretion, and the fair value measurement of financial instruments are particularly subject to change and any such change could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.
Incentive Compensation: At December 31, 2016 the Company accrued a liability for estimated discretionary incentive compensation payments to certain employees. The amount paid was less than the accrued liability. Consequently, the Company reversed the excess accrual and recorded a pre-tax credit to salaries and employee benefits on the consolidated statements of operations of $7.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2017. The reversal, based on new information driven by changes to certain facts and circumstances subsequent to December 31, 2016, was determined to be a change in estimate.
Adopted Accounting Pronouncements: During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the following pronouncement applicable to the Company was adopted:
In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) 2016-09, “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.” This Update was issued as a part of the FASB’s simplification initiative, and intends to improve the accounting for share-based payment transactions. The ASU changes several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment award transactions, including accounting for excess tax benefits and deficiencies, income statement recognition, cash flow classification, forfeitures, and tax withholding requirements. As required, ASU 2016-09 was adopted effective January 1, 2017. Adoption of the new guidance did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. See Note 11 for additional information.
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NOTE 2 – SALES OF SUBSIDIARY AND BUSINESS UNITS
The Palisades Group Sale
On May 5, 2016, the Company completed the sale of all of its membership interests in The Palisades Group, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, to an entity wholly owned by Stephen Kirch and Jack Macdowell, the then-acting Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer of The Palisades Group, respectively. As part of the sale, The Palisades Group issued to the Company a 10 percent, $5.0 million note due May 5, 2018 (the Note). The Company recognized a gain on sale of subsidiary of $3.7 million on its Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended June 30, 2016.
The following table summarizes the calculation of the gain on sale of The Palisades Group:

| Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
| (In thousands)
Consideration received (paid) |
Liabilities forgiven by The Palisades Group | $ | 1,862 |
Liabilities assumed by the Company | (1,078 | )
The Note | 2,370 |
Aggregate fair value of consideration received | 3,154 |
Less: net assets sold (carrying amount of The Palisades Group) | (540 | )
Gain on sale of The Palisades Group | $ | 3,694 |

The Company estimated various potential future cash flow projection scenarios for The Palisades Group and established probability thresholds for each scenario to arrive at a probability-weighted cash flow expectation, which was then discounted to yield a fair value of the Note at sale date of $2.4 million.
On September 28, 2016, the Note was paid in full in cash prior to maturity and the Company recognized an additional gain of $2.8 million, which was included in Other Income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended September 30, 2016.
Commercial Equipment Finance Business Sale
On October 27, 2016, the Company sold its Commercial Equipment Finance business unit from its Commercial Banking segment to Hanmi Bank, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hanmi Financial Corporation (Hanmi). As part of the transaction, Hanmi acquired $217.2 million of equipment leases diversified across the U.S. with concentrations in California, Georgia and Texas. An additional $25.4 million of equipment leases were transferred during December 2016. Hanmi retained most of the Company’s former Commercial Equipment Finance employees. The Company recorded a gain on sale of business unit of $2.6 million in its Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended December 31, 2016.
Banc Home Loans Sale
On March 30, 2017, the Company completed the sale of specific assets and activities related to its Banc Home Loans division to Caliber Home Loans, Inc. (Caliber). The Banc Home Loans division largely represented the Company's Mortgage Banking segment, the activities of which related to originating, servicing, underwriting, funding and selling residential mortgage loans. Assets sold to Caliber included mortgage servicing rights (MSRs) on certain conventional agency residential mortgage loans. The Banc Home Loans division, along with certain other mortgage banking related assets and liabilities that will be sold or settled separately within one year, is classified as discontinued operations in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and Consolidated Statements of Operations. Certain components of the Company’s Mortgage Banking segment, including MSRs on certain conventional government single family residential (SFR) mortgage loans that were not sold as part of the Banc Home Loans sale and the repurchase reserves related to previously sold loans, have been classified as continuing operations in the financial statements as they will continue to be part of the Company’s ongoing operations.
The specific assets acquired by Caliber include, among other things, the leases relating to the Company’s dedicated mortgage loan origination offices and rights to certain portions of the Company’s unlocked pipeline of residential mortgage loan applications. Caliber has assumed certain obligations and liabilities of the Company under the acquired leases, and with respect to the employment of transferred employees. The Company received a $25.0 million cash premium payment, in addition to the net book value of certain assets acquired by Caliber, totaling $2.5 million, upon closing of the transaction. Additionally, the Company could receive an earn-out, payable quarterly, based on future performance over the 38 months following completion of the transaction. During the six months ended September 30, 2017 subsequent to the completion of Banc Home Loan sale on March 30, 2017, the Company recognized an earn-out of $228 thousand in Income (loss) from Discontinued Operations in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
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Caliber retains an option to buy out the future earn-out payable to the Company in exchange for cash consideration of $35.0 million, less the aggregate amount of all earn-out payments made prior to the date on which Caliber makes the payment of the buyout amount. Caliber also purchased the MSRs of $37.8 million on approximately $3.86 billion in unpaid balances of conventional agency mortgage loans, subject to adjustment under certain circumstances. The entire transaction resulted in a net gain on disposal of $13.7 million.
The Banc Home Loans division originated conforming SFR mortgage loans and sold these loans in the secondary market. The amount of net revenue on mortgage banking activities was a function of mortgage loans originated for sale and the fair values of these loans and related derivatives. Net revenue on mortgage banking activities included mark to market pricing adjustments on loan commitments and forward sales contracts, and initial capitalized value of MSRs.
The following table summarizes the calculation of the net gain on disposal of discontinued operations:

| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
| (In thousands)
Proceeds from the transaction | $ | 63,054 |
Compensation expense related to the transaction | (3,500 | )
Other transaction costs | (3,478 | )
Net cash proceeds | 56,076 |
Book value of certain assets sold | (2,455 | )
Book value of MSRs sold | (37,772 | )
Goodwill | (2,100 | )
Net gain on disposal | $ | 13,749 |

The following tables present the financial information of discontinued operations as of the dates or for the periods indicated:
Statements of Financial Condition of Discontinued Operations

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| (In thousands)
ASSETS |  |  |
Loans held-for-sale, carried at fair value (1) | $ | 58,954 |  |  | $ | 406,338 |
Loans held-for-sale, carried at lower of cost or fair value | — |  |  | 295 |
Servicing rights carried at fair value | — |  |  | 37,681 |
Premises, equipment, and capital leases, net | — |  |  | 2,700 |
Goodwill | — |  |  | 2,100 |
Other assets | 621 |  |  | 33,380 |
Assets of discontinued operations | $ | 59,575 |  |  | $ | 482,494 |
LIABILITIES |  |  |
Accrued expenses and other liabilities (1) | $ | 12,500 |  |  | $ | 34,480 |
Liabilities of discontinued operations | $ | 12,500 |  |  | $ | 34,480 |

(1) | Includes $8.4 million and $16.5 million of GNMA loans, respectively, that are delinquent more than 90 days and subject to a repurchase option by the Company at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016. As such, the Company is deemed to have regained control over those previously transferred assets and has re-recognized them with an offsetting liability recognized in Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities in the Statements of Financial Condition of Discontinued Operations, as a secured borrowing. Because the Company intends to exercise its option to repurchase and sell them within one year, they have been classified as part of discontinued operations.

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Statements of Operations of Discontinued Operations

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Interest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans, including fees | $ | 917 |  |  | $ | 4,113 |  |  | $ | 6,979 |  |  | $ | 11,002 |
Total interest income | 917 |  |  | 4,113 |  |  | 6,979 |  |  | 11,002 |
Noninterest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net gain on disposal | 211 |  |  | — |  |  | 13,749 |  |  | — |
Loan servicing income (loss) | — |  |  | 2,022 |  |  | 1,551 |  |  | (2,473 | )
Net revenue on mortgage banking activities | 13 |  |  | 50,159 |  |  | 43,083 |  |  | 127,638 |
Loan brokerage income | 6 |  |  | 86 |  |  | 164 |  |  | 97 |
All other income | 232 |  |  | 333 |  |  | 826 |  |  | 805 |
Total noninterest income | 462 |  |  | 52,600 |  |  | 59,373 |  |  | 126,067 |
Noninterest expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salaries and employee benefits | 416 |  |  | 30,900 |  |  | 38,384 |  |  | 82,891 |
Occupancy and equipment | 359 |  |  | 2,692 |  |  | 3,754 |  |  | 8,377 |
Professional fees | 270 |  |  | 250 |  |  | 2,462 |  |  | 896 |
Outside Service Fees | 567 |  |  | 1,517 |  |  | 6,180 |  |  | 4,121 |
Data processing | 141 |  |  | 725 |  |  | 668 |  |  | 1,915 |
Advertising | 75 |  |  | 958 |  |  | 1,357 |  |  | 2,976 |
Restructuring expense | 279 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,794 |  |  | — |
All other expenses | 1,230 |  |  | 1,097 |  |  | 3,354 |  |  | 1,941 |
Total noninterest expense | 3,337 |  |  | 38,139 |  |  | 59,953 |  |  | 103,117 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes | (1,958 | ) |  | 18,574 |  |  | 6,399 |  |  | 33,952 |
Income tax (benefit) expense | (799 | ) |  | 7,816 |  |  | 2,614 |  |  | 14,045 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | $ | (1,159 | ) |  | $ | 10,758 |  |  | $ | 3,785 |  |  | $ | 19,907 |

Statements of Cash Flows of Discontinued Operations

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | 348,648 |  |  | $ | (111,263 | )
Net cash provided by investing activities | 56,076 |  |  | — |
Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued operations | $ | 404,724 |  |  | $ | (111,263 | )

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NOTE 3 – FAIR VALUES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Fair Value Hierarchy
ASC 820-10 establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The topic describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

• | Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

• | Level 2: Significant observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

• | Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

Categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis
Securities Available-for-Sale: The fair values of securities available-for-sale are generally determined by quoted market prices in active markets, if available (Level 1). If quoted market prices are not available, the Company primarily employs independent pricing services that utilize pricing models to calculate fair value. Such fair value measurements consider observable data such as dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, yield curves, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information, and respective terms and conditions for debt instruments. The Company employs procedures to monitor the pricing service's assumptions and establishes processes to challenge the pricing service's valuations that appear unusual or unexpected. Level 2 securities include Small Business Administration (SBA) loan pool securities, U.S. government sponsored enterprise (GSE) and U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities, Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities, non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities, collateralized loan obligations, and corporate debt securities. When a market is illiquid or there is a lack of transparency around the inputs to valuation, the securities are classified as Level 3 and reliance is placed upon internally developed models, and management judgment and evaluation for valuation. The Company had no securities available-for-sale classified as Level 3 at September 30, 2017 or December 31, 2016.
Loans Held-for-Sale, Carried at Fair Value: The fair value of loans held-for-sale is based on commitments outstanding from investors as well as what secondary market investors are currently offering for portfolios with similar characteristics, except for loans that are repurchased out of Ginnie Mae loan pools that become severely delinquent which are valued based on an internal model that estimates the expected loss the Company will incur on these loans. Therefore, loans held-for-sale subjected to recurring fair value adjustments are classified as Level 2 or, in the case of loans repurchased out of Ginnie Mae loan pools, Level 3. The fair value includes the servicing value of the loans as well as any accrued interest.
Derivative Assets and Liabilities:
Derivative Instruments Related to Mortgage Banking Activities: The Company had no derivative instruments related to mortgage banking activities at September 30, 2017. The Company previously entered into interest rate lock commitments (IRLCs) with prospective residential mortgage borrowers. These commitments were carried at fair value based on the fair value of the underlying mortgage loans which were based on observable market data. The Company adjusted the outstanding IRLCs with prospective borrowers based on an expectation that it would be exercised and the loan would be funded. These commitments were classified as Level 2 in the fair value disclosures, as the valuations are based on market observable inputs. The Company hedged the risk of the overall change in the fair value of loan commitments to borrowers with forward loan sale commitments and trades in to-be-announced (TBA) mortgage-backed securities of GSEs. These forward settling contracts were classified as Level 2, as valuations are based on market observable inputs at December 31, 2016. Fair values of these derivatives were included in assets and liabilities of discontinued operations.
Interest Rate Swaps and Caps: The Company offers interest rate swaps and caps products to certain loan customers to allow them to hedge the risk of rising interest rates on their variable rate loans. The Company originates a variable rate loan and enters into a variable-to-fixed interest rate swap with the customer. The Company also enters into an offsetting swap with a correspondent bank. These back-to-back agreements are intended to offset each other and allow the Company to originate a variable rate loan, while providing a contract for fixed interest payments for the customer. The net cash flow for the Company is equal to the interest income received from a variable rate loan originated with the customer. The fair value of these derivatives is based on a discounted cash flow approach. Due to the observable nature of the inputs used in deriving the fair value of these derivative contracts, the valuation of interest rate swaps is classified as Level 2.
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Foreign Exchange Contracts: The Company offers short-term foreign exchange contracts to its customers to purchase and/or sell foreign currencies at set rates in the future. These products allow customers to hedge the foreign exchange rate risk of their deposits and loans denominated in foreign currencies. In conjunction with these products the Company also enters into offsetting contracts with institutional counterparties to hedge the Company’s foreign exchange rate risk. These back-to-back contracts allow the Company to offer its customers foreign exchange products while minimizing its exposure to foreign exchange rate fluctuations. The fair value of these instruments is determined at each reporting period based on the change in the foreign exchange rate. Given the short-term nature of the contracts, the counterparties’ credit risks are considered nominal and resulted in no adjustments to the valuation of the short-term foreign exchange contracts. Due to the observable nature of the inputs used in deriving the fair value of these derivative contracts, the valuation of these contracts is classified as Level 2. The Company had no foreign exchange contracts at September 30, 2017.
Mortgage Servicing Rights: The Company retains servicing on some of its mortgage loans sold for which the Company elected to follow the fair value measurement method for subsequent accounting. The value is based on a third party provider that calculates the present value of the expected net servicing income from the portfolio based on key factors that include interest rates, prepayment assumptions, discount rate and estimated cash flows. Because of the significance of unobservable inputs, these servicing rights are classified as Level 3.
The following table presents the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2017:

|  |  | Fair Value Measurement Level
| Carrying Value |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
| (In thousands)
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SBA loan pools securities | $ | 1,065 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,065 |  |  | $ | — |
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise residential mortgage-backed securities | 489,117 |  |  | — |  |  | 489,117 |  |  | — |
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities | 859 |  |  | — |  |  | 859 |  |  | — |
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities | 310,917 |  |  | — |  |  | 310,917 |  |  | — |
Collateralized loan obligations | 1,819,191 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,819,191 |  |  | — |
Corporate debt securities | 134,515 |  |  | — |  |  | 134,515 |  |  | — |
Loans held-for-sale, carried at fair value (1) | 102,142 |  |  | — |  |  | 17,778 |  |  | 84,364 |
Mortgage servicing rights (2) | 38,715 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 38,715 |
Derivative assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps and caps (3) | 1,112 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,112 |  |  | — |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps and caps (4) | 1,146 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,146 |  |  | — |

(1) | Includes loans held-for-sale carried at fair value of $59.0 million ($17.8 million at Level 2 and $41.2 million at Level 3) of discontinued operations, which are included in Assets of Discontinued Operations in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition

(2) | Included in Servicing Rights, Net in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition

(3) | Included in Other Assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition

(4) | Included in Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition

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The following table presents the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2016:

|  |  | Fair Value Measurement Level
| Carrying Value |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
| (In thousands)
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SBA loan pools securities | $ | 1,221 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,221 |  |  | $ | — |
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise residential mortgage-backed securities | 807,273 |  |  | — |  |  | 807,273 |  |  | — |
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities | 117,177 |  |  | — |  |  | 117,177 |  |  | — |
Collateralized loan obligations | 1,406,869 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,406,869 |  |  | — |
Corporate debt securities | 48,948 |  |  | — |  |  | 48,948 |  |  | — |
Loans held-for-sale, carried at fair value (1) | 416,974 |  |  | — |  |  | 358,714 |  |  | 58,260 |
Mortgage servicing rights (2) | 76,121 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 76,121 |
Derivative assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate lock commitments (3) | 8,317 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,317 |  |  | — |
Mandatory forward commitments (3) | 8,897 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,897 |  |  | — |
Interest rate swaps and caps (4) | 707 |  |  | — |  |  | 707 |  |  | — |
Foreign exchange contracts (4) | 47 |  |  | — |  |  | 47 |  |  | — |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate lock commitments (5) | 231 |  |  | — |  |  | 231 |  |  | — |
Mandatory forward commitments (5) | 1,212 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,212 |  |  | — |
Interest rate swaps and caps (6) | 655 |  |  | — |  |  | 655 |  |  | — |
Foreign exchange contracts (6) | 18 |  |  | — |  |  | 18 |  |  | — |

(1) | Includes loans held-for-sale carried at fair value of $406.3 million ($348.1 million at Level 2 and $58.3 million at Level 3) of discontinued operations, which are included in Assets of Discontinued Operations in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

(2) | Included in Servicing Rights, Net, except for $37.7 million included in Assets of Discontinued Operations, in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition

(3) | Included in Assets of Discontinued Operations in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition

(4) | Included in Other Assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition

(5) | Included in Liabilities of Discontinued Operations in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition

(6) | Included in Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition

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The following table presents a reconciliation of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), on a consolidated operations basis, for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Mortgage servicing rights (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 42,109 |  |  | $ | 52,567 |  |  | $ | 76,121 |  |  | $ | 49,939 |
Transfers in and (out) of Level 3 (2) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Included in earnings—fair value adjustment | (1,905 | ) |  | (465 | ) |  | (4,984 | ) |  | (14,497 | )
Additions | 574 |  |  | 14,300 |  |  | 12,126 |  |  | 35,648 |
Sales, paydowns, and other (3) | (2,063 | ) |  | (3,726 | ) |  | (44,548 | ) |  | (8,414 | )
Balance at end of period | $ | 38,715 |  |  | $ | 62,676 |  |  | $ | 38,715 |  |  | $ | 62,676 |
Loans Repurchased from Ginnie Mae Loan Pools (4) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 73,545 |  |  | $ | 34,251 |  |  | $ | 58,260 |  |  | $ | 18,291 |
Transfers in and (out) of Level 3 (2) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Included in earnings—fair value adjustment | (809 | ) |  | (21 | ) |  | (794 | ) |  | 121 |
Additions | 24,537 |  |  | 14,445 |  |  | 59,768 |  |  | 35,548 |
Sales, settlements, and other | (12,909 | ) |  | (1,027 | ) |  | (32,870 | ) |  | (6,312 | )
Balance at end of period | $ | 84,364 |  |  | $ | 47,648 |  |  | $ | 84,364 |  |  | $ | 47,648 |

(1) | Includes MSRs of discontinued operations, which is included in Assets of Discontinued Operations in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, of $0 and $24.4 million, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 and $37.7 million and $23.0 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 in balance at beginning of period, and $0 and $30.8 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 in balance at end of period

(2) | The Company’s policy is to recognize transfers in and transfers out as of the actual date of the event or change in circumstances that causes the transfer

(3) | Includes $37.8 million of MSRs sold as a part of discontinued operations for the nine month ended September 30, 2017

(4) | Includes loans repurchased from Ginnie Mae Loan Pools of discontinued operations, which is included in Assets of Discontinued Operations in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, of $52.1 million and $34.3 million, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 and $58.3 million and $18.3 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 in balance at beginning of period, and $41.2 million and $47.6 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 in balance at end of period

Loans repurchased from Ginnie Mae Loan pools had aggregate unpaid principal balances of $86.4 million and $58.3 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
The following table presents, as of the dates indicated, quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements on a recurring basis, other than loans that become severely delinquent and are repurchased out of Ginnie Mae loan pools that were valued based on an estimate of the expected loss the Company will incur on these loans, which was included as Level 3 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016:

|  | Fair Value |  | Valuation Technique(s) |  | Unobservable Input(s) |  | Range (Weighted Average)
|  | ($ in thousands)
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mortgage servicing rights |  | $ | 38,715 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Discount rate |  | 9.25% to 15.00% (10.96%)
|  |  |  |  |  | Prepayment rate |  | 7.00% to 43.31% (14.49%)
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mortgage servicing rights (1) |  | $ | 76,121 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Discount rate |  | 9.11% to 15.00% (10.18%)
|  |  |  |  |  | Prepayment rate |  | 7.00% to 39.90% (11.84%)

(1) | Includes $37.7 million of MSRs of discontinued operations

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The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s servicing rights include the discount rate and prepayment rate. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company's loans repurchased from Ginnie Mae pools at September 30, 2017 included an expected loss rate of 1.55 percent for insured loans and 20.00 percent for uninsured loans. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company's loans repurchased from Ginnie Mae pools at December 31, 2016 included an expected loss rate of 1.55 percent. There may be inherent weaknesses in any calculation technique, and changes in the underlying assumptions used, including discount rates and estimates of future cash flows, could significantly affect the results.
Fair Value Option
Loans Held-for-Sale, Carried at Fair Value: The Company elected to measure certain SFR mortgage loans held-for-sale under the fair value option. Electing to measure SFR mortgage loans held-for-sale at fair value reduces certain timing differences and better matches changes in the value of these assets with changes in the value of derivatives used as economic hedges for these assets. The Company also held repurchased loans as well as sold loans to GNMA subject to a repurchase option at fair value as the Company's intention is to sell these loans and record these loans with transparency. Previously sold loans to GNMA that were delinquent more than 90 days were subject to a repurchase option. These loans were re-recognized by the Company and recorded at fair value, which were offset by a secured borrowing as the loans were still legally owned by GNMA.
The following table presents the fair value and aggregate principal balance of certain assets, on a consolidated operations basis, under the fair value option:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| Fair Value |  | Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Difference |  | Fair Value |  | Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Difference
| (In thousands)
Loans held-for-sale, carried at fair value in continuing operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total loans | $ | 43,188 |  |  | $ | 44,544 |  |  | $ | (1,356 | ) |  | $ | 10,636 |  |  | $ | 10,606 |  |  | $ | 30 |
Nonaccrual loans | 34,520 |  |  | 35,051 |  |  | (531 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Loans held-for-sale, carried at fair value in discontinued operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total loans | $ | 58,954 |  |  | $ | 61,292 |  |  | $ | (2,338 | ) |  | $ | 406,338 |  |  | $ | 397,283 |  |  | $ | 9,055 |
Nonaccrual loans | 32,905 |  |  | 33,834 |  |  | (929 | ) |  | 54,151 |  |  | 54,824 |  |  | (673 | )
Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |

The assets and liabilities accounted for under the fair value option are initially measured at fair value. Gains and losses from initial measurement and subsequent changes in fair value are recognized in earnings. The following table presents changes in fair value related to initial measurement and subsequent changes in fair value included in earnings for these assets and liabilities measured at fair value for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Net gains (losses) from fair value changes |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net gain on sale of loans (continuing operations) | $ | (70 | ) |  | $ | 156 |  |  | $ | (62 | ) |  | $ | 156 |
Net revenue on mortgage banking activities (discontinued operations) | (996 | ) |  | 15,686 |  |  | (1,551 | ) |  | 16,856 |

Changes in fair value due to instrument-specific credit risk were insignificant for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. Interest income on loans held-for-sale under the fair value option is measured based on the contractual interest rate and reported in Loans and Leases, including Fees under Interest and Dividend Income and Income from Discontinued Operations in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
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Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Non-Recurring Basis
Securities Held-to-Maturity: Investment securities that the Company has the ability and the intent to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity. Investment securities classified as held-to-maturity are carried at amortized cost. The fair values of securities held-to-maturity are generally determined by quoted market prices in active markets, if available (Level 1). If quoted market prices are not available, the Company employs independent pricing services that utilize pricing models to calculate fair value. Such fair value measurements consider observable data such as dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, yield curves, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information, and respective terms and conditions for debt instruments (Level 2). The Company employs processes and procedures to monitor and challenge the pricing assumptions and valuations that appear unusual or unexpected. When a market is illiquid or there is a lack of transparency around the inputs to valuation, the securities are classified as Level 3 and reliance is placed upon internally developed models, and management judgment and evaluation. Only securities held-to-maturity with other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) are considered to be carried at fair value. The Company had no securities classified as held-to-maturity at September 30, 2017, and the Company did not have any OTTI on securities held-to-maturity at December 31, 2016.
Impaired Loans and Leases: The fair value of impaired loans and leases with specific allocations of the ALLL based on collateral values is generally based on recent real estate appraisals. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are typically significant and result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value.
Loans Held-for-Sale, Carried at Lower of Cost or Fair Value: The Company records non-conforming jumbo mortgage loans held-for-sale and certain non-residential mortgage loans held-of-sale at the lower of cost or fair value, on an aggregate basis. The Company obtains fair values from a third party independent valuation service provider. Loans held-for-sale accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value are considered to be recognized at fair value when they are recorded at below cost, on an aggregate basis, and are classified as Level 2.
SBA Servicing Assets: SBA servicing assets represent the value associated with servicing SBA loans that have been sold. The fair value for SBA servicing assets is determined through discounted cash flow analysis and utilizes discount rates and prepayment speed assumptions as inputs. All of these assumptions require a significant degree of management estimation and judgment. The fair market valuation is performed on a quarterly basis for SBA servicing assets. SBA servicing assets are accounted for at the lower of cost or market value and considered to be recognized at fair value when they are recorded at below cost and are classified as Level 3.
Other Real Estate Owned Assets: Other real estate owned assets (OREO) are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value at the time of foreclosure. The fair value of other real estate owned assets is generally based on recent real estate appraisals adjusted for estimated selling costs. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments may be significant and result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Only OREO with a valuation allowance are considered to be carried at fair value. The Company recorded valuation allowance expense for OREO of $134 thousand and $16 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $143 thousand and $25 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 in All Other Expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
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The following table presents the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of the dates indicated:

|  |  | Fair Value Measurement Level
| Carrying Value |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
| (In thousands)
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impaired loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | $ | 2,183 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,183 |
Commercial and industrial | 279 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 279 |
SBA | 102 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 102 |
Lease financing | 40 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 40 |
SBA servicing rights | 1,733 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,733 |
Other real estate owned: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential | 949 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 949 |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impaired loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | $ | 2,956 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,956 |
Other real estate owned: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential | 2,502 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,502 |

The following table presents the gains and (losses) recognized on assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Impaired loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | $ | (27 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (27 | ) |  | $ | (149 | )
SBA | (1 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | (1 | ) |  | — |
Construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | (29 | ) |  | — |
Other real estate owned: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential | (264 | ) |  | (109 | ) |  | (236 | ) |  | (74 | )

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Estimated Fair Values of Financial Instruments
The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial assets and liabilities, on a consolidated operations basis, as of the dates indicated:

| Carrying Amount |  | Fair Value Measurement Level
|  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
| (In thousands)
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 611,826 |  |  | $ | 611,826 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 611,826 |
Time deposits in financial institutions | 1,000 |  |  | 1,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,000 |
Securities available-for-sale | 2,755,664 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,755,664 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,755,664 |
Federal Home Loan Bank and other bank stock | 67,063 |  |  | — |  |  | 67,063 |  |  | — |  |  | 67,063 |
Loans held-for-sale (1) | 109,084 |  |  | — |  |  | 25,392 |  |  | 84,364 |  |  | 109,756 |
Loans and leases receivable, net of ALLL | 6,181,825 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,195,299 |  |  | 6,195,299 |
Accrued interest receivable | 34,798 |  |  | 34,798 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 34,798 |
Derivative assets | 1,112 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,112 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,112 |
Financial liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | 7,403,593 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,198,216 |  |  | 7,198,216 |
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank | 1,470,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,472,820 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,472,820 |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 36,520 |  |  | — |  |  | 36,520 |  |  | — |  |  | 36,520 |
Long term debt | 172,865 |  |  | — |  |  | 175,873 |  |  | — |  |  | 175,873 |
Derivative liabilities | 1,146 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,146 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,146 |
Accrued interest payable | 8,074 |  |  | 8,074 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,074 |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 439,510 |  |  | $ | 439,510 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 439,510 |
Time deposits in financial institutions | 1,000 |  |  | 1,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,000 |
Securities available-for-sale | 2,381,488 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,381,488 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,381,488 |
Securities held-to-maturity | 884,234 |  |  | — |  |  | 899,743 |  |  | — |  |  | 899,743 |
Federal Home Loan Bank and other bank stock | 67,842 |  |  | — |  |  | 67,842 |  |  | — |  |  | 67,842 |
Loans held-for-sale (2) | 704,651 |  |  | — |  |  | 652,928 |  |  | 58,260 |  |  | 711,188 |
Loans and leases receivable, net of ALLL | 5,994,308 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,999,791 |  |  | 5,999,791 |
Accrued interest receivable | 36,382 |  |  | 36,382 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 36,382 |
Derivative assets | 17,968 |  |  | — |  |  | 17,968 |  |  | — |  |  | 17,968 |
Financial liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | 9,142,150 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,908,406 |  |  | 8,908,406 |
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank | 490,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 490,351 |  |  | — |  |  | 490,351 |
Other borrowings | 67,922 |  |  | — |  |  | 68,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 68,000 |
Long term debt | 175,378 |  |  | — |  |  | 174,006 |  |  | — |  |  | 174,006 |
Derivative liabilities | 2,116 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,116 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,116 |
Accrued interest payable | 4,114 |  |  | 4,114 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,114 |

(1) | Includes loans held-for-sale carried at fair value of $59.0 million ($17.8 million at Level 2 and $41.2 million at Level 3) of discontinued operations

(2) | Includes loans held-for-sale carried at fair value of $406.3 million ($348.1 million at Level 2 and $58.3 million at Level 3) of discontinued operations

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The methods and assumptions used to estimate fair value are described as follows:
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Time Deposits in Financial Institutions: The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents and time deposits in financial institutions approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments (Level 1).
Federal Home Loan Bank and Other Bank Stock: Federal Home Loan Bank and other bank stock is recorded at cost. Ownership of FHLB stock is restricted to member banks, and purchases and sales of these securities are at par value with the issuer (Level 2).
Securities Held-to-Maturity: Investment securities that the Company has the ability and the intent to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity. Investment securities classified as held-to-maturity are carried at amortized cost. The fair values of securities held-to-maturity are generally determined by quoted market prices in active markets, if available (Level 1). If quoted market prices are not available, the Company employs independent pricing services that utilize pricing models to calculate fair value. Such fair value measurements consider observable data such as dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, yield curves, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information, and respective terms and conditions for debt instruments (Level 2). The Company employs procedures to monitor the pricing service's assumptions and establishes processes to challenge the pricing service's valuations that appear unusual or unexpected. When a market is illiquid or there is a lack of transparency around the inputs to valuation, the securities are classified as Level 3 and reliance is placed upon internally developed models, and management judgment and evaluation for valuation. The Company did not have any securities held-to-maturity at September 30, 2017.
Loans and Leases Receivable, Net of ALLL: The fair value of loans and leases receivable is estimated based on the discounted cash flow approach. The discount rate was derived from the associated yield curve plus spreads and reflects the rates offered by the Bank for loans with similar financial characteristics. Yield curves are constructed by product and payment types. These rates could be different from what other financial institutions could offer for these loans. Additionally, the fair value of our loans may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market existed for such loans and may differ materially from the values that we may ultimately realize (Level 3). This method of estimating fair value does not incorporate the exit-price concept of fair value prescribed by ASC Topic 820.
Accrued Interest Receivable: The carrying amount of accrued interest receivable approximates its fair value (Level 1).
Deposits: The fair value of deposits is estimated based on discounted cash flows. The cash flows for non-maturity deposits, including savings accounts and money market checking, are estimated based on their historical decaying experiences. The discount rate used for fair valuation is based on interest rates currently being offered by the Bank on comparable deposits as to amount and term (Level 3).
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank, Securities Sold under Repurchase Agreements, and Other Borrowings: The fair values of advances from FHLB, securities sold under repurchase agreements, and other borrowings are estimated based on the discounted cash flows approach. The discount rate was derived from the current market rates for borrowings with similar remaining maturities (Level 2).
Long Term Debt: Fair value of long term debt is determined by observable data such as market spreads, cash flows, yield curves, credit information, and respective terms and conditions for debt instruments (Level 2).
Accrued Interest Payable: The carrying amount of accrued interest payable approximates its fair value (Level 1).
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NOTE 4 – INVESTMENT SECURITIES
The following table presents the amortized cost and fair value of the investment securities portfolio as of the dates indicated:

| Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
| (In thousands)
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SBA loan pool securities | $ | 1,056 |  |  | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,065 |
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise residential mortgage-backed securities | 503,193 |  |  | 20 |  |  | (14,096 | ) |  | 489,117 |
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities | 844 |  |  | 16 |  |  | (1 | ) |  | 859 |
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities | 305,360 |  |  | 5,737 |  |  | (180 | ) |  | 310,917 |
Collateralized loan obligations | 1,808,126 |  |  | 11,429 |  |  | (364 | ) |  | 1,819,191 |
Corporate debt securities | 123,718 |  |  | 10,797 |  |  | — |  |  | 134,515 |
Total securities available-for-sale | $ | 2,742,297 |  |  | $ | 28,008 |  |  | $ | (14,641 | ) |  | $ | 2,755,664 |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities held-to-maturity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities | $ | 305,918 |  |  | $ | 2,949 |  |  | $ | (1,781 | ) |  | $ | 307,086 |
Collateralized loan obligations | 338,226 |  |  | 1,461 |  |  | (61 | ) |  | 339,626 |
Corporate debt securities | 240,090 |  |  | 13,032 |  |  | (91 | ) |  | 253,031 |
Total securities held-to-maturity | $ | 884,234 |  |  | $ | 17,442 |  |  | $ | (1,933 | ) |  | $ | 899,743 |
Securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SBA loan pool securities | $ | 1,221 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,221 |
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise residential mortgage-backed securities | 830,682 |  |  | 9 |  |  | (23,418 | ) |  | 807,273 |
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities | 121,397 |  |  | 18 |  |  | (4,238 | ) |  | 117,177 |
Collateralized loan obligations | 1,395,094 |  |  | 12,449 |  |  | (674 | ) |  | 1,406,869 |
Corporate debt securities | 48,574 |  |  | 482 |  |  | (108 | ) |  | 48,948 |
Total securities available-for-sale | $ | 2,396,968 |  |  | $ | 12,958 |  |  | $ | (28,438 | ) |  | $ | 2,381,488 |

During the three months ended June 30, 2017, the Company evaluated its securities held-to-maturity and determined that certain securities no longer adhere to the Company’s strategic focus and could be sold or reinvested to potentially improve the Company’s liquidity position or duration profile. Accordingly, the Company was no longer able to assert that it had the intent to hold these securities until maturity. As a result, the Company transferred all $740.9 million of its securities held-to-maturity to securities available-for-sale, which resulted in a pre-tax increase to accumulated other comprehensive income of $22.0 million as of June 30, 2017. Due to the transfer, the Company’s ability to assert that it has the intent and ability to hold to maturity debt securities will be limited for the foreseeable future.
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The following table presents amortized cost and fair value of the available-for-sale investment securities portfolio by expected maturity. In the case of mortgage-backed securities, collateralized loan obligations, and SBA loan pool securities, expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers generally have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. For that reason, mortgage-backed securities, collateralized loan obligations, and SBA loan pool securities are not included in the maturity categories.

| September 30, 2017
| Amortized Cost |  | Fair Value
| (In thousands)
Maturity: |  |  |
Within one year | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
One to five years | — |  |  | — |
Five to ten years | 120,718 |  |  | 131,181 |
Greater than ten years | 3,000 |  |  | 3,334 |
Collateralized loan obligations, SBA loan pool securities, and mortgage-backed securities | 2,618,579 |  |  | 2,621,149 |
Total | $ | 2,742,297 |  |  | $ | 2,755,664 |

At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were no holdings of any one issuer, other than the U.S. Government and its agencies, in an amount greater than 10 percent of the Company's stockholders’ equity.
The following table presents proceeds from sales and calls of securities available-for-sale and the associated gross gains and losses realized through earnings upon the sales and calls of securities available-for-sale for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Gross realized gains on sales and calls of securities available-for-sale | $ | 7,625 |  |  | $ | 487 |  |  | $ | 12,080 |  |  | $ | 30,105 |
Gross realized losses on sales and calls of securities available-for-sale | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5 | )
Net realized gains on sales and calls of securities available-for-sale | $ | 7,625 |  |  | $ | 487 |  |  | $ | 12,080 |  |  | $ | 30,100 |
Proceeds from sales and calls of securities available-for-sale | $ | 312,961 |  |  | $ | 232,512 |  |  | $ | 1,199,551 |  |  | $ | 3,783,965 |
Tax expense on sales and calls of securities available-for-sale | $ | 3,171 |  |  | $ | 202 |  |  | $ | 5,024 |  |  | $ | 12,507 |

Investment securities with carrying values of $719.0 million and $581.8 million as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, were pledged to secure FHLB advances, public deposits, repurchase agreements, and for other purposes as required or permitted by law.
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The following table summarizes the investment securities with unrealized losses by security type and length of time in a continuous unrealized loss position as of the dates indicated:

| Less Than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or Longer |  | Total
| Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses
| (In thousands)
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise residential mortgage-backed securities | $ | 119,103 |  |  | $ | (2,436 | ) |  | $ | 366,014 |  |  | $ | (11,660 | ) |  | $ | 485,117 |  |  | $ | (14,096 | )
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities | — |  |  | — |  |  | 209 |  |  | (1 | ) |  | 209 |  |  | (1 | )
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities | 21,771 |  |  | (180 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 21,771 |  |  | (180 | )
Collateralized loan obligations | 204,197 |  |  | (354 | ) |  | 10,962 |  |  | (10 | ) |  | 215,159 |  |  | (364 | )
Total securities available-for-sale | $ | 345,071 |  |  | $ | (2,970 | ) |  | $ | 377,185 |  |  | $ | (11,671 | ) |  | $ | 722,256 |  |  | $ | (14,641 | )
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities held-to-maturity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities | $ | 60,221 |  |  | $ | (1,781 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 60,221 |  |  | $ | (1,781 | )
Collateralized loan obligation | 10,056 |  |  | (6 | ) |  | 56,095 |  |  | (55 | ) |  | 66,151 |  |  | (61 | )
Corporate debt securities | 9,907 |  |  | (91 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,907 |  |  | (91 | )
Total securities held-to-maturity | $ | 80,184 |  |  | $ | (1,878 | ) |  | $ | 56,095 |  |  | $ | (55 | ) |  | $ | 136,279 |  |  | $ | (1,933 | )
Securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SBA loan pool securities | $ | 1,221 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,221 |  |  | $ | — |
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise residential mortgage-backed securities | 805,803 |  |  | (23,410 | ) |  | 760 |  |  | (8 | ) |  | 806,563 |  |  | (23,418 | )
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities | 116,216 |  |  | (4,238 | ) |  | 230 |  |  | — |  |  | 116,446 |  |  | (4,238 | )
Collateralized loan obligations | 187,592 |  |  | (674 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 187,592 |  |  | (674 | )
Corporate debt securities | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,530 |  |  | (108 | ) |  | 3,530 |  |  | (108 | )
Total securities available-for-sale | $ | 1,110,832 |  |  | $ | (28,322 | ) |  | $ | 4,520 |  |  | $ | (116 | ) |  | $ | 1,115,352 |  |  | $ | (28,438 | )

The Company did not record OTTI for investment securities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 or 2016. At September 30, 2017, the Company’s securities available-for-sale portfolio consisted of 205 securities, 44 of which were in an unrealized loss position. At December 31, 2016, the Company’s securities available-for-sale portfolio consisted of 161 securities, 59 of which were in an unrealized loss position and securities held-to-maturity consisted of 87 securities, 15 of which were in an unrealized loss position.
The Company monitors its securities portfolio to ensure it has adequate credit support. As of September 30, 2017, the Company believed there was no OTTI and did not have the intent to sell these securities and, for securities with fair value below amortized cost at September 30, 2017, it is not likely that it will be required to sell the securities before their anticipated recovery. The Company considers the lowest credit rating for identification of potential OTTI. As of September 30, 2017, all of the Company's investment securities in an unrealized loss position received an investment grade credit rating.
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NOTE 5 – LOANS AND LEASES AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN AND LEASE LOSSES
The following table presents the balances in the Company’s loans and leases portfolio as of the dates indicated:

| Non-Traditional Mortgages (NTM) |  | Traditional Loans |  | Total NTM and Traditional Loans |  | PCI Loans |  | Total Loans and Leases Receivable
| ($ in thousands)
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,602,805 |  |  | $ | 1,602,805 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,602,805 |
Commercial real estate | — |  |  | 713,120 |  |  | 713,120 |  |  | — |  |  | 713,120 |
Multifamily | — |  |  | 1,617,890 |  |  | 1,617,890 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,617,890 |
SBA | — |  |  | 78,604 |  |  | 78,604 |  |  | — |  |  | 78,604 |
Construction | — |  |  | 176,397 |  |  | 176,397 |  |  | — |  |  | 176,397 |
Lease financing | — |  |  | 91 |  |  | 91 |  |  | — |  |  | 91 |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 708,099 |  |  | 1,129,922 |  |  | 1,838,021 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,838,021 |
Green Loans (HELOC) - first liens | 82,289 |  |  | — |  |  | 82,289 |  |  | — |  |  | 82,289 |
Green Loans (HELOC) - second liens | 3,558 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,558 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,558 |
Other consumer | — |  |  | 114,122 |  |  | 114,122 |  |  | — |  |  | 114,122 |
Total loans and leases | $ | 793,946 |  |  | $ | 5,432,951 |  |  | $ | 6,226,897 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,226,897 |
Allowance for loan and lease losses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (45,072 | )
Loans and leases receivable, net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 6,181,825 |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,518,200 |  |  | $ | 1,518,200 |  |  | $ | 4,760 |  |  | $ | 1,522,960 |
Commercial real estate | — |  |  | 728,777 |  |  | 728,777 |  |  | 1,182 |  |  | 729,959 |
Multifamily | — |  |  | 1,365,262 |  |  | 1,365,262 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,365,262 |
SBA | — |  |  | 71,168 |  |  | 71,168 |  |  | 2,672 |  |  | 73,840 |
Construction | — |  |  | 125,100 |  |  | 125,100 |  |  | — |  |  | 125,100 |
Lease financing | — |  |  | 379 |  |  | 379 |  |  | — |  |  | 379 |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 794,120 |  |  | 1,091,829 |  |  | 1,885,949 |  |  | 133,212 |  |  | 2,019,161 |
Green Loans (HELOC) - first liens | 87,469 |  |  | — |  |  | 87,469 |  |  | — |  |  | 87,469 |
Green Loans (HELOC) - second liens | 3,559 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,559 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,559 |
Other consumer | — |  |  | 107,063 |  |  | 107,063 |  |  | — |  |  | 107,063 |
Total loans and leases | $ | 885,148 |  |  | $ | 5,007,778 |  |  | $ | 5,892,926 |  |  | $ | 141,826 |  |  | $ | 6,034,752 |
Allowance for loan and lease losses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (40,444 | )
Loans and leases receivable, net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 5,994,308 |

The Company had no PCI loans at September 30, 2017, due mainly to the sale of seasoned SFR mortgage PCI loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
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Non-Traditional Mortgage Loans
The Company’s NTM portfolio is comprised of three interest only products: Green Account Loans (Green Loans), fixed or adjustable rate hybrid interest only mortgage (Interest Only) loans and a small number of additional loans with the potential for negative amortization. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the NTM loans totaled $793.9 million, or 12.8 percent of total loans and leases, and $885.1 million, or 14.7 percent of total loans and leases, respectively. The total NTM portfolio decreased by $91.2 million, or 10.3 percent, during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
The following table presents the composition of the NTM portfolio as of the dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| Count |  | Amount |  | Percent |  | Count |  | Amount |  | Percent
| ($ in thousands)
Green Loans (HELOC) - first liens | 101 |  |  | $ | 82,289 |  |  | 10.4 | % |  | 107 |  |  | $ | 87,469 |  |  | 9.9 | %
Interest-only - first liens | 455 |  |  | 704,386 |  |  | 88.7 | % |  | 522 |  |  | 784,364 |  |  | 88.6 | %
Negative amortization | 11 |  |  | 3,713 |  |  | 0.5 | % |  | 22 |  |  | 9,756 |  |  | 1.1 | %
Total NTM - first liens | 567 |  |  | 790,388 |  |  | 99.6 | % |  | 651 |  |  | 881,589 |  |  | 99.6 | %
Green Loans (HELOC) - second liens | 12 |  |  | 3,558 |  |  | 0.4 | % |  | 12 |  |  | 3,559 |  |  | 0.4 | %
Total NTM - second liens | 12 |  |  | 3,558 |  |  | 0.4 | % |  | 12 |  |  | 3,559 |  |  | 0.4 | %
Total NTM loans | 579 |  |  | $ | 793,946 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | 663 |  |  | $ | 885,148 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Total loans and leases |  |  | $ | 6,226,897 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 6,034,752 |  |  |
% of NTM to total loans and leases |  |  | 12.8 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 14.7 | % |  |

Green Loans
Green Loans are SFR first and second mortgage lines of credit with a linked checking account that allows all types of deposits and withdrawals to be performed. The loans are generally interest only with a 15-year balloon payment due at maturity. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, Green Loans totaled $85.8 million and $91.0 million, respectively. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, none of the Green Loans were non-performing. As a result of their unique payment feature, Green Loans possess higher credit risk due to the potential for negative amortization; however, management believes the risk is mitigated through the Company’s loan terms and underwriting standards, including its policies on loan-to-value (LTV) ratios and the Company’s contractual ability to curtail loans when the value of the underlying collateral declines. The Company discontinued origination of the Green Loan products in 2011.
Interest Only Loans
Interest only loans are primarily SFR first mortgage loans with payment features that allow interest only payments in initial periods before converting to a fully amortizing loan. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, interest only loans totaled $704.4 million and $784.4 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, $1.2 million and $467 thousand of the interest only loans were non-performing, respectively.
Loans with the Potential for Negative Amortization
Negative amortization loans other than Green Loans totaled $3.7 million and $9.8 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The Company discontinued origination of negative amortization loans in 2007. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, none of the loans that had the potential for negative amortization were non-performing. These loans pose a potentially higher credit risk because of the lack of principal amortization and potential for negative amortization; however, management believes the risk is mitigated through the loan terms and underwriting standards, including the Company’s policies on LTV ratios.
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Risk Management of Non-Traditional Mortgages
The Company has determined that significant performance indicators for NTMs are LTV ratios and Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) scores. Accordingly, the Company manages credit risk in the NTM portfolio through periodic review of the loan portfolio that includes refreshing FICO scores on the Green Loans and other home equity lines of credit (HELOCs), as needed in conjunction with portfolio management, and ordering third party automated valuation models (AVMs). The loan review is designed to provide a method of identifying borrowers who may be experiencing financial difficulty before they actually fail to make a loan payment. Upon receipt of the updated FICO scores, an exception report is run to identify loans with a decrease in FICO score of 10 percent or more and/or a resulting FICO score of 620 or less. The loans are then further analyzed to determine if the risk rating should be downgraded, which will increase the reserves the Company will establish for potential losses. A report of the periodic loan review is published and regularly monitored.
As these loans are revolving lines of credit, the Company, based on the loan agreement and loan covenants of the particular loan, as well as applicable rules and regulations, could suspend the borrowing privileges or reduce the credit limit at any time the Company reasonably believes that the borrower will be unable to fulfill their repayment obligations under the agreement or certain other conditions are met. In many cases, the decrease in FICO score is the first indication that the borrower may have difficulty in making their future payment obligations.
The Company proactively manages the NTM portfolio by performing detailed analyses on the portfolio. The Company’s Internal Asset Review Committee (IARC) conducts meetings on at least a quarterly basis to review the loans classified as special mention, substandard, or doubtful and determines whether a suspension or reduction in credit limit is warranted. If a line has been suspended and the borrower would like to have their credit privileges reinstated, they would need to provide updated financials showing their ability to meet their payment obligations.
On the interest only loans, the Company projects future payment changes to determine if there will be a material increase in the required payment and then monitors the loans for possible delinquency. Individual loans are monitored for possible downgrading of risk rating.
NTM Performance Indicators
The following table presents the Company’s NTM Green Loans first lien portfolio at September 30, 2017 by FICO scores that were obtained during the quarter ended September 30, 2017, compared to the FICO scores for those same loans that were obtained during the quarter ended December 31, 2016:

| September 30, 2017
| By FICO Scores Obtained During the Quarter Ended September 30, 2017 |  | By FICO Scores Obtained During the Quarter Ended December 31, 2016 |  | Change
| Count |  | Amount |  | Percent |  | Count |  | Amount |  | Percent |  | Count |  | Amount |  | Percent
| ($ in thousands)
FICO Score |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
800+ | 12 |  |  | $ | 8,410 |  |  | 10.2 | % |  | 15 |  |  | $ | 9,139 |  |  | 11.1 | % |  | (3 | ) |  | $ | (729 | ) |  | (0.9 | )%
700-799 | 58 |  |  | 43,168 |  |  | 52.5 | % |  | 50 |  |  | 38,567 |  |  | 46.8 | % |  | 8 |  |  | 4,601 |  |  | 5.7 | %
600-699 | 24 |  |  | 22,479 |  |  | 27.3 | % |  | 28 |  |  | 27,384 |  |  | 33.3 | % |  | (4 | ) |  | (4,905 | ) |  | (6.0 | )%
<600 | 3 |  |  | 4,329 |  |  | 5.3 | % |  | 1 |  |  | 1,800 |  |  | 2.2 | % |  | 2 |  |  | 2,529 |  |  | 3.1 | %
No FICO | 4 |  |  | 3,903 |  |  | 4.7 | % |  | 7 |  |  | 5,399 |  |  | 6.6 | % |  | (3 | ) |  | (1,496 | ) |  | (1.9 | )%
Totals | 101 |  |  | $ | 82,289 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | 101 |  |  | $ | 82,289 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — | %

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Loan-to-Value Ratio
LTV ratio represents estimated current loan to value ratio, determined by dividing current unpaid principal balance by latest estimated property value received per the Company policy. The table below presents the Company’s SFR NTM first lien portfolio by LTV ratios as of the dates indicated:

| Green |  | Interest Only |  | Negative Amortization |  | Total
| Count |  | Amount |  | Percent |  | Count |  | Amount |  | Percent |  | Count |  | Amount |  | Percent |  | Count |  | Amount |  | Percent
| ($ in thousands)
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
< 61% | 61 |  |  | $ | 52,286 |  |  | 63.5 | % |  | 211 |  |  | $ | 369,261 |  |  | 52.4 | % |  | 10 |  |  | $ | 3,550 |  |  | 95.6 | % |  | 282 |  |  | $ | 425,097 |  |  | 53.8 | %
61-80% | 34 |  |  | 25,498 |  |  | 31.0 | % |  | 232 |  |  | 316,462 |  |  | 44.9 | % |  | 1 |  |  | 163 |  |  | 4.4 | % |  | 267 |  |  | 342,123 |  |  | 43.3 | %
81-100% | 6 |  |  | 4,505 |  |  | 5.5 | % |  | 12 |  |  | 18,663 |  |  | 2.6 | % |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 18 |  |  | 23,168 |  |  | 2.9 | %
> 100% | — |  |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — | %
Total | 101 |  |  | $ | 82,289 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | 455 |  |  | $ | 704,386 |  |  | 99.9 | % |  | 11 |  |  | $ | 3,713 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | 567 |  |  | $ | 790,388 |  |  | 100.0 | %
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
< 61% | 45 |  |  | $ | 39,105 |  |  | 44.7 | % |  | 196 |  |  | $ | 336,744 |  |  | 42.9 | % |  | 16 |  |  | $ | 7,043 |  |  | 72.2 | % |  | 257 |  |  | $ | 382,892 |  |  | 43.4 | %
61-80% | 52 |  |  | 41,732 |  |  | 47.7 | % |  | 306 |  |  | 434,269 |  |  | 55.4 | % |  | 6 |  |  | 2,713 |  |  | 27.8 | % |  | 364 |  |  | 478,714 |  |  | 54.3 | %
81-100% | 10 |  |  | 6,632 |  |  | 7.6 | % |  | 8 |  |  | 8,828 |  |  | 1.1 | % |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 18 |  |  | 15,460 |  |  | 1.8 | %
> 100% | — |  |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 12 |  |  | 4,523 |  |  | 0.6 | % |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 12 |  |  | 4,523 |  |  | 0.5 | %
Total | 107 |  |  | $ | 87,469 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | 522 |  |  | $ | 784,364 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | 22 |  |  | $ | 9,756 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | 651 |  |  | $ | 881,589 |  |  | 100.0 | %

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Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
The Company has established credit risk management processes that include regular management review of the loan and lease portfolio to identify problem loans and leases. During the ordinary course of business, management becomes aware of borrowers and lessees that may not be able to meet the contractual requirements of the loan and lease agreements. Such loans and leases are subject to increased monitoring. Consideration is given to placing the loan or lease on non-accrual status, assessing the need for additional ALLL, and partial or full charge-off. The Company maintains the ALLL at a level that is considered adequate to cover the estimated and known inherent risks in the loan and lease portfolio.
The Company also maintains a separate reserve for unfunded loan commitments at a level that is considered adequate to cover the estimated and known inherent risks. The probability of usage of the unfunded loan commitments and credit risk factors determined based on outstanding loans that share similar credit risk exposure are used to determine the adequacy of the reserve. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the reserve for unfunded loan commitments was $4.6 million and $2.4 million, respectively.
The credit risk monitoring system is designed to identify impaired and potential problem loans, and to permit periodic evaluation of impairment and the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses in a timely manner. In addition, the Board of Directors of the Bank has adopted a credit policy that includes a credit review and control system which it believes should be effective in ensuring that the Company maintains an adequate allowance for loan and lease losses. The Board of Directors also provides oversight and guidance for management’s allowance evaluation process. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company, as part of its continuous evaluation of the ALLL methodology and assumptions, determined it appropriate to change from a rolling 28-quarter look-back period to a cumulative look-back period with a pegged (fixed) starting point (the quarter ended March 31, 2008). The Company believes that an extended period of observed credit loss stability warranted the review of a longer historical period that captured a full credit cycle. Accordingly, as of June 30, 2017 and September 30, 2017, the Company's look-back-period was extended to 37-quarters and 38-quarters, respectively. During the second and third quarter of 2017, the Company further enhanced the methodology in the areas of qualitative adjustments and loan segmentation, and performed an annual update of the loss emergence period. These updates were designed to be systematic, transparent, and repeatable. The annual update of the loss emergence period resulted an increase of $1.9 million in the ALLL at September 30, 2017. The updates on qualitative adjustments and loan segmentation did not have a material impact.
The determination of the amount of the ALLL and the provision for loan and lease losses is based on management’s current judgment about the credit quality of the loan and lease portfolio and considers known relevant internal and external factors that affect collectability when determining the appropriate level for the ALLL. Additions to the ALLL are made by charges to the provision for loan and lease losses. Identified credit exposures that are determined to be uncollectible are charged off against the ALLL. Recoveries of previously charged off amounts, if any, are credited to the ALLL.
The following table presents a summary of activity in the ALLL for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 42,385 |  |  | $ | 37,483 |  |  | $ | 40,444 |  |  | $ | 35,533 |
Loans and leases charged off | (959 | ) |  | (393 | ) |  | (4,214 | ) |  | (1,267 | )
Recoveries of loans and leases previously charged off | 85 |  |  | 551 |  |  | 195 |  |  | 1,285 |
Provision for loan and lease losses | 3,561 |  |  | 2,592 |  |  | 8,647 |  |  | 4,682 |
Balance at end of period | $ | 45,072 |  |  | $ | 40,233 |  |  | $ | 45,072 |  |  | $ | 40,233 |

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The following table presents the activity and balance in the ALLL and the recorded investment, excluding accrued interest, in loans and leases based on the impairment methodology as of or for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017:

| Commercial and Industrial |  | Commercial Real Estate |  | Multifamily |  | SBA |  | Construction |  | Lease Financing |  | Single Family Residential Mortgage |  | Other Consumer |  | Total
| (In thousands)
ALLL: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at June 30, 2017 | $ | 10,495 |  |  | $ | 5,126 |  |  | $ | 10,686 |  |  | $ | 1,084 |  |  | $ | 2,974 |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | 11,009 |  |  | $ | 1,008 |  |  | $ | 42,385 |
Charge-offs | (571 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (58 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (78 | ) |  | (252 | ) |  | (959 | )
Recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 83 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 85 |
Provision | 2,576 |  |  | 202 |  |  | 588 |  |  | 188 |  |  | 238 |  |  | (1 | ) |  | (564 | ) |  | 334 |  |  | 3,561 |
Balance at September 30, 2017 | $ | 12,500 |  |  | $ | 5,328 |  |  | $ | 11,274 |  |  | $ | 1,297 |  |  | $ | 3,212 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 10,367 |  |  | $ | 1,092 |  |  | $ | 45,072 |
Balance at December 31, 2016 | $ | 7,584 |  |  | $ | 5,467 |  |  | $ | 11,376 |  |  | $ | 939 |  |  | $ | 2,015 |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 12,075 |  |  | $ | 982 |  |  | $ | 40,444 |
Charge-offs | (953 | ) |  | (113 | ) |  | — |  |  | (351 | ) |  | (29 | ) |  | — |  |  | (2,490 | ) |  | (278 | ) |  | (4,214 | )
Recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 157 |  |  | — |  |  | 29 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 195 |
Provision | 5,869 |  |  | (26 | ) |  | (102 | ) |  | 552 |  |  | 1,226 |  |  | (33 | ) |  | 781 |  |  | 380 |  |  | 8,647 |
Balance at September 30, 2017 | $ | 12,500 |  |  | $ | 5,328 |  |  | $ | 11,274 |  |  | $ | 1,297 |  |  | $ | 3,212 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 10,367 |  |  | $ | 1,092 |  |  | $ | 45,072 |
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 195 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 54 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 165 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 415 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 12,305 |  |  | 5,328 |  |  | 11,274 |  |  | 1,243 |  |  | 3,212 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 10,202 |  |  | 1,092 |  |  | 44,657 |
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total ending ALLL balance | $ | 12,500 |  |  | $ | 5,328 |  |  | $ | 11,274 |  |  | $ | 1,297 |  |  | $ | 3,212 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 10,367 |  |  | $ | 1,092 |  |  | $ | 45,072 |
Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 497 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 377 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | 14,636 |  |  | $ | 364 |  |  | $ | 15,915 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 1,602,308 |  |  | 713,120 |  |  | 1,617,890 |  |  | 78,227 |  |  | 176,397 |  |  | 50 |  |  | 1,905,674 |  |  | 117,316 |  |  | 6,210,982 |
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total ending loan balances | $ | 1,602,805 |  |  | $ | 713,120 |  |  | $ | 1,617,890 |  |  | $ | 78,604 |  |  | $ | 176,397 |  |  | $ | 91 |  |  | $ | 1,920,310 |  |  | $ | 117,680 |  |  | $ | 6,226,897 |

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The following table presents the activity and balance in the ALLL and the recorded investment, excluding accrued interest, in loans and leases based on the impairment methodology as of or for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016:

| Commercial and Industrial |  | Commercial Real Estate |  | Multifamily |  | SBA |  | Construction |  | Lease Financing |  | Single Family Residential Mortgage |  | Other Consumer |  | Total
| (In thousands)
ALLL: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at June 30, 2016 | $ | 8,004 |  |  | $ | 3,554 |  |  | $ | 6,914 |  |  | $ | 697 |  |  | $ | 1,677 |  |  | $ | 2,540 |  |  | $ | 13,143 |  |  | $ | 954 |  |  | $ | 37,483 |
Charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (393 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (393 | )
Recoveries | 224 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 67 |  |  | — |  |  | 98 |  |  | 157 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 551 |
Provision | (2 | ) |  | 1,472 |  |  | 1,795 |  |  | 144 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 722 |  |  | (1,573 | ) |  | (6 | ) |  | 2,592 |
Balance at September 30, 2016 | $ | 8,226 |  |  | $ | 5,026 |  |  | $ | 8,709 |  |  | $ | 908 |  |  | $ | 1,717 |  |  | $ | 2,967 |  |  | $ | 11,727 |  |  | $ | 953 |  |  | $ | 40,233 |
Balance at December 31, 2015 | $ | 5,850 |  |  | $ | 4,252 |  |  | $ | 6,012 |  |  | $ | 683 |  |  | $ | 1,530 |  |  | $ | 2,195 |  |  | $ | 13,854 |  |  | $ | 1,157 |  |  | $ | 35,533 |
Charge-offs | (137 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (974 | ) |  | (149 | ) |  | (7 | ) |  | (1,267 | )
Recoveries | 224 |  |  | 371 |  |  | — |  |  | 343 |  |  | — |  |  | 183 |  |  | 157 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 1,285 |
Provision | 2,289 |  |  | 403 |  |  | 2,697 |  |  | (118 | ) |  | 187 |  |  | 1,563 |  |  | (2,135 | ) |  | (204 | ) |  | 4,682 |
Balance at September 30, 2016 | $ | 8,226 |  |  | $ | 5,026 |  |  | $ | 8,709 |  |  | $ | 908 |  |  | $ | 1,717 |  |  | $ | 2,967 |  |  | $ | 11,727 |  |  | $ | 953 |  |  | $ | 40,233 |
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 665 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 665 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 8,169 |  |  | 5,015 |  |  | 8,709 |  |  | 889 |  |  | 1,717 |  |  | 2,967 |  |  | 11,045 |  |  | 953 |  |  | 39,464 |
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality | 57 |  |  | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | 19 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 17 |  |  | — |  |  | 104 |
Total ending ALLL balance | $ | 8,226 |  |  | $ | 5,026 |  |  | $ | 8,709 |  |  | $ | 908 |  |  | $ | 1,717 |  |  | $ | 2,967 |  |  | $ | 11,727 |  |  | $ | 953 |  |  | $ | 40,233 |
Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 3,397 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 28,593 |  |  | $ | 294 |  |  | $ | 32,284 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 1,522,848 |  |  | 719,420 |  |  | 1,199,207 |  |  | 64,977 |  |  | 99,086 |  |  | 234,540 |  |  | 1,940,389 |  |  | 113,673 |  |  | 5,894,140 |
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality | 4,796 |  |  | 2,418 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,760 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 632,393 |  |  | — |  |  | 642,367 |
Total ending loan balances | $ | 1,531,041 |  |  | $ | 721,838 |  |  | $ | 1,199,207 |  |  | $ | 67,737 |  |  | $ | 99,086 |  |  | $ | 234,540 |  |  | $ | 2,601,375 |  |  | $ | 113,967 |  |  | $ | 6,568,791 |

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The following table presents loans and leases individually evaluated for impairment by class of loans and leases as of the dates indicated. The recorded investment, excluding accrued interest, presents customer balances net of any partial charge-offs recognized on the loans and leases and net of any deferred fees and costs and any purchase premium or discount.

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Recorded Investment |  | ALLL |  | Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Recorded Investment |  | ALLL
| (In thousands)
With no related ALLL recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 24 |  |  | $ | 23 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,478 |  |  | $ | 2,429 |  |  | $ | — |
SBA | 227 |  |  | 221 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 12,192 |  |  | 12,288 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,865 |  |  | 8,887 |  |  | — |
Other consumer | 367 |  |  | 364 |  |  | — |  |  | 294 |  |  | 294 |  |  | — |
With an ALLL recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | 475 |  |  | 474 |  |  | 195 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
SBA | 161 |  |  | 156 |  |  | 54 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Lease Financing | 41 |  |  | 41 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 2,337 |  |  | 2,348 |  |  | 165 |  |  | 1,772 |  |  | 1,742 |  |  | 243 |
Other consumer | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 15,824 |  |  | $ | 15,915 |  |  | $ | 415 |  |  | $ | 13,409 |  |  | $ | 13,352 |  |  | $ | 243 |

The following table presents information on impaired loans and leases, disaggregated by class, for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized |  | Cash Basis Interest Recognized |  | Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized |  | Cash Basis Interest Recognized
| (In thousands)
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 506 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 169 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
SBA | 378 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 126 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Construction | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 509 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Lease Financing | 53 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 14,673 |  |  | 57 |  |  | 45 |  |  | 11,904 |  |  | 142 |  |  | 134 |
Other consumer | 366 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 711 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 6 |
Total | $ | 15,976 |  |  | $ | 59 |  |  | $ | 48 |  |  | $ | 13,437 |  |  | $ | 148 |  |  | $ | 140 |
September 30, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 3,434 |  |  | $ | 65 |  |  | $ | 65 |  |  | $ | 3,843 |  |  | $ | 183 |  |  | $ | 208 |
Commercial real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 197 |  |  | 24 |  |  | 24 |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 28,678 |  |  | 213 |  |  | 221 |  |  | 32,655 |  |  | 808 |  |  | 784 |
Other consumer | 294 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 294 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 6 |
Total | $ | 32,406 |  |  | $ | 280 |  |  | $ | 287 |  |  | $ | 36,989 |  |  | $ | 1,021 |  |  | $ | 1,022 |

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Nonaccrual Loans and Leases
The following table presents nonaccrual loans and leases, and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing as of the dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| NTM Loans |  | Traditional Loans and Leases |  | Total |  | NTM Loans |  | Traditional Loans and Leases |  | Total
| (In thousands)
Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Nonaccrual loans and leases: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
The Company maintains specific allowances for these loans of $251 thousand at September 30, 2017 and $0 at December 31, 2016 | 1,171 |  |  | 11,104 |  |  | 12,275 |  |  | 467 |  |  | 14,475 |  |  | 14,942 |

The following table presents the composition of nonaccrual loans and leases as of the dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| NTM Loans |  | Traditional Loans and Leases |  | Total |  | NTM Loans |  | Traditional Loans and Leases |  | Total
| (In thousands)
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | — |  |  | $ | 993 |  |  | $ | 993 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,544 |  |  | $ | 3,544 |
SBA | — |  |  | 1,796 |  |  | 1,796 |  |  | — |  |  | 619 |  |  | 619 |
Lease financing | — |  |  | 41 |  |  | 41 |  |  | — |  |  | 109 |  |  | 109 |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 1,171 |  |  | 8,090 |  |  | 9,261 |  |  | 467 |  |  | 9,820 |  |  | 10,287 |
Other consumer | — |  |  | 184 |  |  | 184 |  |  | — |  |  | 383 |  |  | 383 |
Total nonaccrual loans and leases | $ | 1,171 |  |  | $ | 11,104 |  |  | $ | 12,275 |  |  | $ | 467 |  |  | $ | 14,475 |  |  | $ | 14,942 |

Loans in Process of Foreclosure
At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, SFR mortgage loans of $0 and $2.2 million, respectively, were in the process of foreclosure.
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Past Due Loans and Leases
The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans and leases as of September 30, 2017, excluding accrued interest receivable (which is not considered to be material), by class of loans and leases:

| September 30, 2017
| 30 - 59 Days Past Due |  | 60 - 89 Days Past Due |  | Greater than 89 Days Past Due |  | Total Past Due |  | Current |  | Total
| (In thousands)
NTM loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | $ | — |  |  | $ | 805 |  |  | $ | 1,171 |  |  | $ | 1,976 |  |  | $ | 706,123 |  |  | $ | 708,099 |
Green Loans (HELOC) - first liens | 2,464 |  |  | 498 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,962 |  |  | 79,327 |  |  | 82,289 |
Green Loans (HELOC) - second liens | — |  |  | 698 |  |  | — |  |  | 698 |  |  | 2,860 |  |  | 3,558 |
Total NTM loans | 2,464 |  |  | 2,001 |  |  | 1,171 |  |  | 5,636 |  |  | 788,310 |  |  | 793,946 |
Traditional loans and leases: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | 1,374 |  |  | 3,659 |  |  | 434 |  |  | 5,467 |  |  | 1,597,338 |  |  | 1,602,805 |
Commercial real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 713,120 |  |  | 713,120 |
Multifamily | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,617,890 |  |  | 1,617,890 |
SBA | 631 |  |  | 348 |  |  | 1,295 |  |  | 2,274 |  |  | 76,330 |  |  | 78,604 |
Construction | 559 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 559 |  |  | 175,838 |  |  | 176,397 |
Lease financing | — |  |  | — |  |  | 41 |  |  | 41 |  |  | 50 |  |  | 91 |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 1,949 |  |  | 742 |  |  | 8,090 |  |  | 10,781 |  |  | 1,119,141 |  |  | 1,129,922 |
Other consumer | 6,277 |  |  | 282 |  |  | 119 |  |  | 6,678 |  |  | 107,444 |  |  | 114,122 |
Total traditional loans and leases | 10,790 |  |  | 5,031 |  |  | 9,979 |  |  | 25,800 |  |  | 5,407,151 |  |  | 5,432,951 |
PCI loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
SBA | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total PCI loans | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 13,254 |  |  | $ | 7,032 |  |  | $ | 11,150 |  |  | $ | 31,436 |  |  | $ | 6,195,461 |  |  | $ | 6,226,897 |

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The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans and leases as of December 31, 2016, excluding accrued interest receivable (which is not considered to be material), by class of loans and leases:

| December 31, 2016
| 30 - 59 Days Past Due |  | 60 - 89 Days Past Due |  | Greater than 89 Days Past Due |  | Total Past Due |  | Current |  | Total
| (In thousands)
NTM loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | $ | 4,193 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 467 |  |  | $ | 4,660 |  |  | $ | 789,460 |  |  | $ | 794,120 |
Green Loans (HELOC) - first liens | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 87,469 |  |  | 87,469 |
Green Loans (HELOC) - second liens | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,559 |  |  | 3,559 |
Total NTM loans | 4,193 |  |  | — |  |  | 467 |  |  | 4,660 |  |  | 880,488 |  |  | 885,148 |
Traditional loans and leases: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | 412 |  |  | 463 |  |  | 3,385 |  |  | 4,260 |  |  | 1,513,940 |  |  | 1,518,200 |
Commercial real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 728,777 |  |  | 728,777 |
Multifamily | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,365,262 |  |  | 1,365,262 |
SBA | 15 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 482 |  |  | 499 |  |  | 70,669 |  |  | 71,168 |
Construction | 1,529 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,529 |  |  | 123,571 |  |  | 125,100 |
Lease financing | — |  |  | — |  |  | 109 |  |  | 109 |  |  | 270 |  |  | 379 |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 11,225 |  |  | 1,345 |  |  | 9,393 |  |  | 21,963 |  |  | 1,069,866 |  |  | 1,091,829 |
Other consumer | 10,023 |  |  | 933 |  |  | 382 |  |  | 11,338 |  |  | 95,725 |  |  | 107,063 |
Total traditional loans and leases | 23,204 |  |  | 2,743 |  |  | 13,751 |  |  | 39,698 |  |  | 4,968,080 |  |  | 5,007,778 |
PCI loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | — |  |  | — |  |  | 156 |  |  | 156 |  |  | 4,604 |  |  | 4,760 |
Commercial real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,182 |  |  | 1,182 |
SBA | 300 |  |  | 232 |  |  | 328 |  |  | 860 |  |  | 1,812 |  |  | 2,672 |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 10,483 |  |  | 4,063 |  |  | 2,093 |  |  | 16,639 |  |  | 116,573 |  |  | 133,212 |
Total PCI loans | 10,783 |  |  | 4,295 |  |  | 2,577 |  |  | 17,655 |  |  | 124,171 |  |  | 141,826 |
Total | $ | 38,180 |  |  | $ | 7,038 |  |  | $ | 16,795 |  |  | $ | 62,013 |  |  | $ | 5,972,739 |  |  | $ | 6,034,752 |

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Troubled Debt Restructurings
A modification of a loan constitutes a troubled debt restructuring (TDR) when the Company, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, grants a concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. The concessions may be granted in various forms, including reduction in the stated interest rate, reduction in the amount of principal amortization, forgiveness of a portion of a loan balance or accrued interest, or extension of the maturity date. In order to determine whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, an evaluation is performed of the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification. This evaluation is performed under the Company’s internal underwriting policy.
TDR loans consist of the following as of the dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| NTM Loans |  | Traditional Loans |  | Total |  | NTM Loans |  | Traditional Loans |  | Total
| (In thousands)
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | $ | 477 |  |  | $ | 2,666 |  |  | $ | 3,143 |  |  | $ | 853 |  |  | $ | 1,440 |  |  | $ | 2,293 |
Green Loans (HELOC) - first liens | 2,231 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,231 |  |  | 2,240 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,240 |
Green Loans (HELOC) - second liens | 294 |  |  | — |  |  | 294 |  |  | 294 |  |  | — |  |  | 294 |
Total | $ | 3,002 |  |  | $ | 2,666 |  |  | $ | 5,668 |  |  | $ | 3,387 |  |  | $ | 1,440 |  |  | $ | 4,827 |

The Company did not have any commitments to lend to customers with outstanding loans that were classified as TDRs as of September 30, 2017 or December 31, 2016.
The following table summarizes the pre-modification and post-modification balances of the new TDRs for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| Number of Loans |  | Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  | Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  | Number of Loans |  | Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  | Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
| ($ in thousands)
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | $ | 2,416 |  |  | $ | 2,433 |
Total | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | $ | 2,416 |  |  | $ | 2,433 |
September 30, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 1 |  |  | $ | 522 |  |  | $ | 519 |  |  | 41 |  |  | $ | 10,070 |  |  | $ | 10,067 |
Total | 1 |  |  | $ | 522 |  |  | $ | 519 |  |  | 41 |  |  | $ | 10,070 |  |  | $ | 10,067 |

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During the three months ended September 30, 2017, there were no new TDRs. The following table summarizes new TDRs by modification type for the three months ended 2016:

| Three Months Ended
| Modification Type
| Change in Principal Payments and Interest Rates |  | Change in Principal Payments |  | Change in Interest Rates |  | Bankruptcy Discharges |  | Total
| Count |  | Amount |  | Count |  | Amount |  | Count |  | Amount |  | Count |  | Amount |  | Count |  | Amount
| ($ in thousands)
September 30, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 519 |  |  | 1 |  |  | $ | 519 |
Total | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 519 |  |  | 1 |  |  | $ | 519 |

The following table summarizes new TDRs by modification type for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016:

| Nine Months Ended
| Modification Type
| Change in Principal Payments and Interest Rates |  | Change in Principal Payments |  | Change in Interest Rates |  | Bankruptcy Discharges |  | Total
| Count |  | Amount |  | Count |  | Amount |  | Count |  | Amount |  | Count |  | Amount |  | Count |  | Amount
| ($ in thousands)
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 2 |  |  | $ | 1,290 |  |  | 1 |  |  | $ | 1,143 |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | $ | 2,433 |
Total | 2 |  |  | $ | 1,290 |  |  | 1 |  |  | $ | 1,143 |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | $ | 2,433 |
September 30, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 34 |  |  | $ | 8,622 |  |  | 4 |  |  | $ | 780 |  |  | 2 |  |  | $ | 146 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 519 |  |  | 41 |  |  | $ | 10,067 |
Total | 34 |  |  | $ | 8,622 |  |  | 4 |  |  | $ | 780 |  |  | 2 |  |  | $ | 146 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 519 |  |  | 41 |  |  | $ | 10,067 |

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, there was no and one loan, respectively, with a principal balance of $0 and $124 thousand, respectively, that was modified as a TDR during the past 12 months that had payment defaults during the period. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, there were three and five loans, respectively, with an aggregate principal balance of $789 thousand and $1.1 million, respectively, that were modified as TDRs during the past 12 months that had payment defaults during the period.
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Credit Quality Indicators
The Company categorizes loans and leases into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company performs historical loss analysis that is combined with a comprehensive loan or lease to value analysis to analyze the associated risks in the current loan and lease portfolio. The Company analyzes loans and leases individually by classifying the loans and leases as to credit risk. This analysis includes all loans and leases delinquent over 60 days and non-homogeneous loans and leases such as commercial and commercial real estate loans and leases. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings:
Pass: Loans and leases classified as pass are in compliance in all respects with the Bank’s credit policy and regulatory requirements, and do not exhibit any potential or defined weakness as defined under “Special Mention”, “Substandard” or “Doubtful”.
Special Mention: Loans and leases classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or lease or of the Company’s credit position at some future date.
Substandard: Loans and leases classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans and leases so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
Doubtful: Loans and leases classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.
Not-Rated: When accrual of income on a pool of PCI loans with common risk characteristics is appropriate in accordance with ASC 310-30, individual loans in those pools are not risk-rated. The credit criteria evaluated are FICO scores, LTV ratios, delinquency, and actual cash flows versus expected cash flows of the loan pools.
Loans and leases not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above described process are considered to be pass rated loans and leases.
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The following table presents the risk categories for total loans and leases as of September 30, 2017:

| September 30, 2017
| Pass |  | Special Mention |  | Substandard |  | Doubtful |  | Not-Rated |  | Total
| (In thousands)
NTM loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | $ | 706,928 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,171 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 708,099 |
Green Loans (HELOC) - first liens | 81,791 |  |  | 498 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 82,289 |
Green Loans (HELOC) - second liens | 3,558 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,558 |
Total NTM loans | 792,277 |  |  | 498 |  |  | 1,171 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 793,946 |
Traditional loans and leases: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | 1,560,142 |  |  | 39,288 |  |  | 3,375 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,602,805 |
Commercial real estate | 707,707 |  |  | 3,366 |  |  | 2,047 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 713,120 |
Multifamily | 1,617,346 |  |  | 544 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,617,890 |
SBA | 71,889 |  |  | 2,553 |  |  | 4,162 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 78,604 |
Construction | 176,397 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 176,397 |
Lease financing | 50 |  |  | — |  |  | 41 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 91 |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 1,120,856 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,066 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,129,922 |
Other consumer | 109,366 |  |  | 49 |  |  | 4,707 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 114,122 |
Total traditional loans and leases | 5,363,753 |  |  | 45,800 |  |  | 23,398 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,432,951 |
PCI loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
SBA | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total PCI loans | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 6,156,030 |  |  | $ | 46,298 |  |  | $ | 24,569 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,226,897 |

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Table of Contents
The following table presents the risk categories for total loans and leases as of December 31, 2016:

| December 31, 2016
| Pass |  | Special Mention |  | Substandard |  | Doubtful |  | Not-Rated |  | Total
| (In thousands)
NTM loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | $ | 792,179 |  |  | $ | 1,474 |  |  | $ | 467 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 794,120 |
Green Loans (HELOC) - first liens | 85,460 |  |  | 2,009 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 87,469 |
Green Loans (HELOC) - second liens | 3,559 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,559 |
Total NTM loans | 881,198 |  |  | 3,483 |  |  | 467 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 885,148 |
Traditional loans and leases: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | 1,508,636 |  |  | 844 |  |  | 8,642 |  |  | 78 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,518,200 |
Commercial real estate | 725,861 |  |  | 1,350 |  |  | 1,566 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 728,777 |
Multifamily | 1,365,262 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,365,262 |
SBA | 70,508 |  |  | — |  |  | 660 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 71,168 |
Construction | 123,571 |  |  | 1,529 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 125,100 |
Lease financing | 270 |  |  | — |  |  | 109 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 379 |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 1,080,664 |  |  | 950 |  |  | 10,215 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,091,829 |
Other consumer | 106,632 |  |  | 48 |  |  | 383 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 107,063 |
Total traditional loans and leases | 4,981,404 |  |  | 4,721 |  |  | 21,575 |  |  | 78 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,007,778 |
PCI loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | — |  |  | 4,056 |  |  | 704 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,760 |
Commercial real estate | 1,182 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,182 |
SBA | 1,268 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,404 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,672 |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 133,212 |  |  | 133,212 |
Total PCI loans | 2,450 |  |  | 4,056 |  |  | 2,108 |  |  | — |  |  | 133,212 |  |  | 141,826 |
Total | $ | 5,865,052 |  |  | $ | 12,260 |  |  | $ | 24,150 |  |  | $ | 78 |  |  | $ | 133,212 |  |  | $ | 6,034,752 |

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Table of Contents
Purchases, Sales, and Transfers
The following table presents loans and leases purchased, sold and transferred from (to) held-for-sale by portfolio segment, excluding loans held-for-sale, loans and leases acquired in business combinations and PCI loans for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| Purchases |  | Sales |  | Transfers from (to) Held-For-Sale |  | Purchases |  | Sales |  | Transfers from (to) Held-For-Sale
| (In thousands)
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (3,924 | )
Commercial real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,329 | )
Multifamily | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,583 | )
SBA | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,865 | )
Construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,528 | )
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | — |  |  | — |  |  | 42,692 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (361,055 | )
Total | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 42,692 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (376,284 | )
September 30, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (169 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (169 | )
Commercial real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,228 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,228 | )
Multifamily | — |  |  | — |  |  | (66,806 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (66,806 | )
Lease financing | $ | 23,639 |  |  | $ | (8,985 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | 88,913 |  |  | (19,741 | ) |  | — |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | — |  |  | (21,039 | ) |  | (30,988 | ) |  | — |  |  | (21,039 | ) |  | (85,283 | )
Total | $ | 23,639 |  |  | $ | (30,024 | ) |  | $ | (100,191 | ) |  | $ | 88,913 |  |  | $ | (40,780 | ) |  | $ | (154,486 | )

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Purchased Credit Impaired Loans
The Company has acquired loans through business combinations and purchases of loan pools for which there was evidence of deterioration of credit quality subsequent to origination and it was probable, at acquisition, that all contractually required payments would not be collected (referred to as PCI loans). The following table presents the outstanding balance and carrying amount of PCI loans as of the dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| Outstanding Balance |  | Carrying Amount |  | Outstanding Balance |  | Carrying Amount
| (In thousands)
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,029 |  |  | $ | 4,760 |
Commercial real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,613 |  |  | 1,182 |
SBA | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,771 |  |  | 2,672 |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | — |  |  | — |  |  | 153,867 |  |  | 133,212 |
Total | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 164,280 |  |  | $ | 141,826 |

The following table presents a summary of accretable yield, or income expected to be collected, for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 2,237 |  |  | $ | 184,078 |  |  | $ | 41,181 |  |  | $ | 205,549 |
New loans purchased | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 23,568 |
Accretion of income | — |  |  | (9,645 | ) |  | (3,833 | ) |  | (29,125 | )
Changes in expected cash flows | — |  |  | (40 | ) |  | (225 | ) |  | (18,826 | )
Disposals | — |  |  | (27,693 | ) |  | (34,886 | ) |  | (34,466 | )
Other | (2,237 | ) |  | — |  |  | (2,237 | ) |  | — |
Balance at end of period | $ | — |  |  | $ | 146,700 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 146,700 |

The following table summarizes purchases for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| ($ in thousands)
Number of purchase transactions | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |
Total unpaid principal balance of purchased PCI loans at acquisition | $ | — |  |  | $ | 103,799 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 103,799 |
Total fair value of purchased PCI loans at acquisition | $ | — |  |  | $ | 90,984 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 90,984 |

During the three months ended June 30, 2017, the Company transferred seasoned SFR mortgage PCI loans with an aggregate unpaid principal balance and aggregate carrying value of $147.5 million and $128.4 million, respectively, to loans held-for-sale. The Company transferred these PCI loans at lower of cost or fair value and recorded a fair value adjustment of $274 thousand against its ALLL. During the three months ended September 30, 2017, all of transferred seasoned SFR mortgage PCI loans were sold and the Company recognized a net gain on sale of loans of $3.7 million.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company sold a portion of PCI loans with unpaid principal balances and carrying values of $98.3 million and $82.4 million, respectively, and recognized a net gain on sale of loans of $4.4 million from the transaction during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016.
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NOTE 6 – SERVICING RIGHTS
The Company retains MSRs from certain of its sales of residential mortgage loans. MSRs on residential mortgage loans are reported at fair value. Income earned by the Company on its MSRs is derived primarily from contractually specified mortgage servicing fees and late fees, net of curtailment costs and third party subservicing costs. The Company retains servicing rights in connection with its SBA loan operations, which are measured using the amortization method.
The following table presents a composition of total income (loss) from servicing rights, which is reported in Loan Servicing Income (Loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, on a consolidated operations basis, for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Servicing fees for sold loans with servicing retained | $ | 4,521 |  |  | $ | 6,286 |  |  | $ | 15,352 |  |  | $ | 16,372 |
Losses on the fair value and runoff of servicing rights | (3,968 | ) |  | (4,190 | ) |  | (10,360 | ) |  | (22,911 | )
Total income (loss) from servicing rights | $ | 553 |  |  | $ | 2,096 |  |  | $ | 4,992 |  |  | $ | (6,539 | )

During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company entered into a flow-agreement establishing general terms for the purchase and sale to a third party MSR investor in connection with residential mortgage loan sales to GSEs. The flow-agreement allowed the Company to sell its MSRs to a third party MSR investor contemporaneous with the Company’s sales of its servicing retained residential mortgages to the GSEs. Accordingly, entering into the flow-agreement reduced the impact of volatility associated with the Company's MSRs by allowing the Company to sell its MSRs immediately, thus reducing the Company's exposure to market and other conditions. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company suspended sales of MSRs under the flow-agreement. The Company does not expect to resume sales under the flow-agreement, as the Company has discontinued its Mortgage Banking segment operations.
The following table presents a composition of servicing rights, on a consolidated operations basis, as of the dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| (In thousands)
Mortgage servicing rights, at fair value | $ | 38,715 |  |  | $ | 76,121 |
SBA servicing rights, at amortized cost | 1,733 |  |  | 1,496 |
Total | $ | 40,448 |  |  | $ | 77,617 |

Mortgage loans sold with servicing retained are subserviced by a third party vendor. The unpaid principal balance of these loans at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 was $4.22 billion and $7.58 billion, respectively. Custodial escrow balances maintained in connection with serviced loans were $33.6 million and $34.2 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The reductions in these balances were principally driven by the sale of $37.8 million of MSRs during the three months ended March 31, 2017 as a part of discontinued operations.
Mortgage Servicing Rights
The following table presents the key characteristics, inputs and economic assumptions used to estimate the Level 3 fair value of the MSRs, on a consolidated operations basis, as of the dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| ($ in thousands)
Fair value of retained MSRs | $ | 38,715 |  |  | $ | 76,121 |
Discount rate | 10.96 | % |  | 10.18 | %
Constant prepayment rate | 14.49 | % |  | 11.84 | %
Weighted-average life | 5.64 years |  |  | 6.50 years |

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The following table presents activity in the MSRs, on a consolidated operations basis, for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 42,109 |  |  | $ | 52,567 |  |  | $ | 76,121 |  |  | $ | 49,939 |
Additions | 574 |  |  | 14,300 |  |  | 12,126 |  |  | 35,648 |
Sales of servicing rights (1) | — |  |  | — |  |  | (39,186 | ) |  | (3 | )
Changes in fair value resulting from valuation inputs or assumptions | (1,905 | ) |  | (465 | ) |  | (4,984 | ) |  | (14,497 | )
Other | (2,063 | ) |  | (3,726 | ) |  | (5,362 | ) |  | (8,411 | )
Balance at end of period | $ | 38,715 |  |  | $ | 62,676 |  |  | $ | 38,715 |  |  | $ | 62,676 |

(1) Includes $37.8 million of MSRs sold as a part of discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
SBA Servicing Rights
The Company used a discount rate of 8.25 percent to calculate the present value of cash flows and an estimated prepayment speed based on prepayment data available. Discount rates and prepayment speeds are reviewed quarterly and adjusted as appropriate. The following table presents activity in the SBA servicing rights for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 1,725 |  |  | $ | 1,083 |  |  | $ | 1,496 |  |  | $ | 788 |
Additions | 133 |  |  | 122 |  |  | 479 |  |  | 505 |
Amortization, including prepayments | (59 | ) |  | (38 | ) |  | (159 | ) |  | (126 | )
Impairment | (66 | ) |  | — |  |  | (83 | ) |  | — |
Balance at end of period | $ | 1,733 |  |  | $ | 1,167 |  |  | $ | 1,733 |  |  | $ | 1,167 |

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NOTE 7 – OTHER REAL ESTATE OWNED
The following table presents the activity in OREO for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 3,267 |  |  | $ | 429 |  |  | $ | 2,502 |  |  | $ | 1,097 |
Additions | 1,265 |  |  | 540 |  |  | 3,068 |  |  | 844 |
Sales and net direct write-downs | (716 | ) |  | (678 | ) |  | (1,751 | ) |  | (1,641 | )
Net change in valuation allowance | (134 | ) |  | (16 | ) |  | (137 | ) |  | (25 | )
Balance at end of period | $ | 3,682 |  |  | $ | 275 |  |  | $ | 3,682 |  |  | $ | 275 |

The following table presents the activity in the OREO valuation allowance for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | 79 |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 70 |
Additions | 134 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 143 |  |  | 25 |
Net direct write-downs and removals from sale | — |  |  | (79 | ) |  | (6 | ) |  | (79 | )
Balance at end of period | $ | 143 |  |  | $ | 16 |  |  | $ | 143 |  |  | $ | 16 |

The following table presents expenses related to foreclosed assets included in All Other Expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Net loss on sales | $ | (130 | ) |  | $ | (93 | ) |  | $ | (99 | ) |  | $ | (49 | )
Operating expenses, net of rental income | (11 | ) |  | — |  |  | (24 | ) |  | — |
Total | $ | (141 | ) |  | $ | (93 | ) |  | $ | (123 | ) |  | $ | (49 | )

The Company did not provide loans to finance the purchase of its OREO properties during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 or 2016.
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NOTE 8 – GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET
At September 30, 2017, the Company had goodwill of $37.1 million related to the following acquisitions: Banco Popular North America's Southern California branches, RenovationReady, CS Financial, Inc. (CS Financial), The Private Bank of California, and Beach Business Bank.
The Company conducts its evaluation of goodwill impairment as of August 31 each year, and more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that there may be impairment. The Company completed its annual goodwill impairment test as of August 31, 2017 and determined that no goodwill impairment existed.
Core deposit intangibles are amortized over their useful lives ranging from 4 to 10 years. As of September 30, 2017, the weighted average remaining amortization period for core deposit intangibles was approximately 6.1 years.

| Gross Carrying Value |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Carrying Value
| (In thousands)
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |
Core deposit intangibles | $ | 30,904 |  |  | $ | 20,685 |  |  | $ | 10,219 |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |
Core deposit intangibles | $ | 30,904 |  |  | $ | 17,656 |  |  | $ | 13,248 |
Customer relationship intangible | 670 |  |  | 391 |  |  | 279 |
Trade name intangible | 90 |  |  | — |  |  | 90 |

Aggregate amortization of intangible assets was $916 thousand and $1.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $3.1 million and $3.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The following table presents estimated future amortization expenses as of September 30, 2017:

| Remainder of 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 and After |  | Total
| (In thousands)
Estimated future amortization expense | $ | 866 |  |  | $ | 3,007 |  |  | $ | 2,195 |  |  | $ | 1,518 |  |  | $ | 2,633 |  |  | $ | 10,219 |

The Company wrote off goodwill of $2.1 million, which was previously allocated to its Mortgage Banking segment, against the gain on disposal of discontinued operations during the three months ended March 31, 2017. See Note 2 for additional information. The Company also wrote off a customer relationship intangible of $246 thousand and a trade name intangible of $90 thousand related to RenovationReady during the three months ended March 31, 2017. RenovationReady was acquired in 2014 and provided specialized loan services to financial institutions and mortgage bankers that originate agency eligible residential renovation and construction loan products.
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NOTE 9 – FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK ADVANCES AND OTHER BORROWINGS
At September 30, 2017, $700.0 million of the Bank's advances from the FHLB were fixed-rate and had interest rates ranging from 1.15 percent to 3.00 percent with a weighted average interest rate of 1.45 percent, and $770.0 million of the Bank’s advances from the FHLB were variable-rate and had a weighted average interest rate of 1.14 percent. At December 31, 2016, $150.0 million of the Bank’s advances from the FHLB were fixed-rate and had interest rates ranging from 0.69 percent to 1.61 percent with a weighted average interest rate of 1.02 percent, and $340.0 million of the Bank’s advances from the FHLB were variable-rate and had a weighted average interest rate of 0.52 percent.
Each advance is payable at its maturity date. Advances paid early are subject to a prepayment penalty. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Bank’s advances from the FHLB were collateralized by certain real estate loans with an aggregate unpaid principal balance of $2.71 billion and $3.27 billion, respectively, and securities with carrying values of $416.1 million and $321.0 million, respectively. The Bank’s investment in capital stock of the FHLB of San Francisco totaled $40.2 million and $41.9 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. Based on this collateral, the Bank's financing availability, and the Bank’s holdings of FHLB stock, the Bank was eligible to borrow an additional $918.2 million at September 30, 2017.
The Bank maintained a line of credit of $124.7 million from the Federal Reserve Discount Window, to which the Bank pledged securities with a carrying value of $183.3 million with no outstanding borrowings at September 30, 2017. The Bank maintained available unsecured federal funds lines with correspondent banks totaling $210.0 million at September 30, 2017.
The Bank also maintained repurchase agreements and had an outstanding amount of $36.5 million with a weighted average interest rate of 2.51 percent at September 30, 2017. The interest rates are fixed for the term of the agreements, with interest rates ranging from 2.33 percent to 2.78 percent. All outstanding repurchase agreements are short-term in nature with original maturities of 33 days or less. The Company did not have any outstanding securities sold under agreements to repurchase at December 31, 2016. These transactions are accounted for as collateralized financing transactions and recorded at the amounts at which the securities were sold. The Company may have to provide additional collateral for the repurchase agreements, as necessary. The underlying collateral pledged for the repurchase agreements consists of collateralized loan obligations with a fair value of $46.3 million at September 30, 2017. Availabilities and terms on repurchase agreements are subject to the counterparties' discretion and pledging additional investment securities.
On June 30, 2017, the Company voluntarily terminated a line of credit of $75.0 million that was maintained at the holding company level with an unaffiliated financial institution. The line had a maturity date of July 17, 2017 and a floating interest rate equal to a LIBOR rate plus 2.25 percent or a prime rate. The Company had $50.0 million of borrowings outstanding under the line, which were repaid in connection with the termination of the line. The proceeds of the line were used for working capital purposes.
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NOTE 10 – LONG TERM DEBT
Senior Notes
On April 23, 2012, the Company completed the issuance and sale of $33.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 7.50 percent Senior Notes due April 15, 2020 (the Senior Notes I) in an underwritten public offering at a price to the public of $25.00 per Senior Note I. Net proceeds after discounts were approximately $31.7 million.
On December 6, 2012, the Company completed the issuance and sale of an additional $45.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Senior Notes I in an underwritten public offering at a price to the public of $25.00 per Senior Note I, plus accrued interest from October 15, 2012. Net proceeds after discounts, including a full exercise of the $6.8 million underwriters’ overallotment option on December 7, 2012, were approximately $50.1 million.
On April 6, 2015, the Company completed the issuance and sale of $175.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 5.25 percent Senior Notes due April 15, 2025 (the Senior Notes II, together with the Senior Notes I, the Senior Notes). Net proceeds after discounts were approximately $172.8 million.
The Senior Notes were issued under the Senior Debt Securities Indenture, dated as of April 23, 2012 (the Base Indenture), as supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture dated as of April 23, 2012 for the Senior Notes I, and the Second Supplemental Indenture dated as of April 6, 2015 for the Senior Notes II (the Supplemental Indentures and together with the Base Indenture, the Indenture), between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.
On April 15, 2016, the Company completed the redemption of all of its outstanding Senior Notes I at a redemption price of 100 percent of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. In connection with this transaction, the Company recognized a debt redemption cost of $2.7 million in All Other Expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The Senior Notes II are the Company’s senior unsecured debt obligations and rank equally with all of the Company’s other present and future unsecured unsubordinated obligations. The Company makes interest payments on the Senior Notes II semi-annually in arrears.
The Senior Notes II will mature on April 15, 2025. The Company may, at its option, on or after January 15, 2025 (i.e., 90 days prior to the maturity date of the Senior Notes II), redeem the Senior Notes II in whole at any time or in part from time to time, in each case on not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ prior notice. The Senior Notes II will be redeemable at a redemption price equal to 100 percent of the principal amount of the Senior Notes II to be redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption.
The Indenture contains several covenants which, among other things, restrict the Company’s ability and the ability of the Company’s subsidiaries to dispose of or incur liens on the voting stock of certain subsidiaries and also contains customary events of default.
Tangible Equity Units – Amortizing Notes
On May 21, 2014, the Company issued and sold $69.0 million of 8.00 percent tangible equity units (TEUs) in an underwritten public offering. A total of 1,380,000 TEUs were issued, including 180,000 TEUs issued to the underwriter upon exercise of its overallotment option, with each TEU having a stated amount of $50.00. Each TEU was comprised of (i) a prepaid stock purchase contract (each a Purchase Contract) settled by delivery of a specified number of shares of Company Common Stock and (ii) a junior subordinated amortizing note due May 15, 2017 (each an Amortizing Note) that had an initial principal amount of $10.604556 per Amortizing Note, bore interest at a rate of 7.50 percent per annum and had a final installment payment date of May 15, 2017. The Company had the right to defer installment payments on the Amortizing Notes at any time and from time to time, subject to certain restrictions, so long as such deferral period did not extend beyond May 15, 2019; the Company did not exercise this right.
The Purchase Contracts and Amortizing Notes were accounted for separately. The Purchase Contract component of the TEUs was recorded in Additional Paid in Capital in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The Amortizing Note component was recorded in Long Term Debt in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The relative fair values of the Amortizing Notes and Purchase Contracts were estimated to be approximately $14.6 million and $54.4 million, respectively, at the date of issuance. Total issuance costs associated with the TEUs were $4.0 million (including the underwriter discount of $3.3 million), of which $857 thousand was allocated to the debt component and $3.2 million was allocated to the equity component of the TEUs. The portion of the issuance costs allocated to the debt component of the TEUs was amortized over the term of the Amortizing Notes.
On May 15, 2017, the Company made the final installment payment on the Amortizing Notes and all Purchase Contracts that had not previously been settled were settled. See Note 15 for additional information.
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NOTE 11 – INCOME TAXES
For the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, income tax benefit, on a consolidated operations basis, was $4.7 million and $1.2 million, respectively, and the effective tax rate was (38.8) percent and (3.5) percent, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, income tax (benefit) expense, on a consolidated operations basis, was $(20.5) million and $30.3 million, respectively, and the effective tax rate was (79.5) percent and 27.0 percent, respectively. The Company recognized income tax benefits due mainly to the recognition of year-to-date tax credits from the investments in alternative energy partnerships of $8.8 million and $33.3 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, and $19.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. The Company uses the flow-through income statement method to account for the investment tax credits earned on the solar investments. Under this method, the investment tax credits are recognized as a reduction to income tax expense and the initial book-tax difference in the basis of the investments are recognized as additional tax expense in the year they are earned.
The Company accounts for income taxes by recognizing deferred tax assets and liabilities based upon temporary differences between the amounts for financial reporting purposes and tax basis of its assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. In assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, management will continue to evaluate both positive and negative evidence on a quarterly basis, including the existence of any cumulative losses in the current year and the prior two years, the amount of taxes paid in available carry-back years, future taxable income and tax planning strategies. Based on this analysis, management determined that it was more likely than not that all of the deferred tax assets would be realized; therefore, no valuation allowance was provided against the net deferred tax assets of $23.3 million and $10.0 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The increase was mainly due to a transfer of $14.0 million of tax credits generated in 2017 from the investments in alternative energy partnerships from income tax receivable to deferred tax assets as the Company is unlikely to utilize all of the credits generated in the current year and a decrease of $19.2 million in deferred tax liabilities from the sale of discontinued operations, partially offset by an increase of $12.0 million in deferred tax liabilities from the increase of unrealized gain on securities available-for-sale and a decrease of $6.0 million in deferred tax assets from reversal of bonus accrual.
ASC 740-10-25 relates to the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements. ASC 740-10-25 prescribes a threshold and a measurement process for recognizing in the financial statements a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. The Company had unrecognized tax benefits of $716 thousand and $0 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The Company does not expect the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits to significantly change in the next twelve months. As of September 30, 2017, the total unrecognized tax benefit that, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate is $716 thousand. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had no accrued interest or penalties. In the event the Company is assessed interest and/or penalties by federal or state tax authorities, such amounts will be classified in the consolidated financial statements as income tax expense.
The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to U.S. Federal income tax as well as income tax in multiple state jurisdictions. The Company is no longer subject to the assessment of U.S. federal income tax for years before 2014. The statute of limitations for the assessment of California Franchise taxes has expired for tax years before 2013 (other state income and franchise tax statutes of limitations vary by state).
The Company adopted ASU 2016-09 during the three months ended March 31, 2017. As a result of the adoption, the Company recorded $1.9 million of income tax benefits for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 related to excess tax benefits from stock compensation. Prior to 2017, such excess tax benefits were generally recorded directly in stockholders’ equity. This new accounting standard may potentially increase the volatility in the Company’s effective tax rates.
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NOTE 12 – RESERVE FOR LOSS ON REPURCHASED LOANS
The Company records a provision to the representation and warranty reserve representing its estimate of losses on mortgage repurchases or loss reimbursements attributable to underwriting or documentation defects on sold loans. The reserve for loss on repurchased loans is initially recorded against net revenue on mortgage banking activities at the time of sale, and any subsequent change in the reserve is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as an increase or decrease to the provision for loan repurchases (noninterest expense). The following table presents a summary of activity in the reserve for losses on repurchased loans for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 8,028 |  |  | $ | 10,438 |  |  | $ | 7,974 |  |  | $ | 9,700 |
Initial provision for loan repurchases | 98 |  |  | 1,192 |  |  | 1,613 |  |  | 2,922 |
Subsequent change in the provision | (749 | ) |  | 49 |  |  | (1,477 | ) |  | (451 | )
Utilization of reserve for loan repurchases | (1,204 | ) |  | (310 | ) |  | (1,937 | ) |  | (802 | )
Balance at end of period | $ | 6,173 |  |  | $ | 11,369 |  |  | $ | 6,173 |  |  | $ | 11,369 |

The Company believes that all known or probable and estimable demands were adequately reserved for at September 30, 2017.
NOTE 13 – DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
The Company uses derivative instruments and other risk management techniques to reduce its exposure to adverse fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates in accordance with its risk management policies.
Derivative Instruments Related to Mortgage Banking Activities: In connection with mortgage banking activities, if interest rates increase, the value of the Company’s loan commitments to borrowers and mortgage loans held-for-sale are adversely impacted. The Company attempts to economically hedge the risk of the overall change in the fair value of loan commitments to borrowers and mortgage loans held-for-sale with forward loan sale contracts and TBA mortgage-backed securities trades. Forward contracts on loan sale commitments, TBA mortgage-based securities trades, and loan commitments to borrowers are non-designated derivative instruments and the gains and losses resulting from these derivative instruments are included in Net Revenue on Mortgage Banking Activities in the Statement of Operations of discontinued operations. The fair value of resulting derivative assets and liabilities are included in Other Assets and Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities, respectively, in the Statement of Financial Condition of discontinued operations.
The net losses relating to these derivative instruments used for mortgage banking activities, which were included in Net Revenue on Mortgage Banking Activities in the Statement of Operations of discontinued operations, were $750 thousand and $4.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $12.4 million and $16.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. At September 30, 2017, the Company had no outstanding derivative instruments related to mortgage banking activities.
Interest Rate Swaps on Deposits and Other Borrowings: On September 30, 2013 and January 30, 2015, the Company entered into pay-fixed, receive-variable interest-rate swap contracts for the notional amounts of $50.0 million and $25.0 million, respectively, with maturity dates of September 27, 2018 and January 30, 2022, respectively. These swap contracts were entered into with institutional counterparties to hedge against variability in cash flows attributable to interest rate risk caused by changes in the LIBOR benchmark interest rate on the Company’s ongoing LIBOR based variable rate deposits and borrowings. During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company terminated all of its interest rate swaps, which had an aggregate notional amount of $75.0 million.
Interest Rate Swaps and Caps on Loans: The Company offers interest rate swap and cap products to certain loan customers to allow them to hedge the risk of rising interest rates on their variable rate loans. When such products are issued, the Company also enters into an offsetting swap with institutional counterparties to eliminate the interest rate risk. These back-to-back agreements are intended to offset each other and allow the Company to retain the credit risk of the transaction with its customer in exchange for a fee. The net cash flow for the Company is equal to the interest income received from a variable rate loan originated with the customer plus the fee. These swaps and caps are not designated as hedging instruments and are recorded at fair value in Other Assets and Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition. The changes in fair value are recorded in Other Income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, changes in fair value recorded through Other Income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations were insignificant.
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Foreign Exchange Contracts: The Company offers short-term foreign exchange contracts to its customers to purchase and/or sell foreign currencies at set rates in the future. These products allow customers to hedge the foreign exchange rate risk of their deposits and loans denominated in foreign currencies. In conjunction with these products the Company also enters into offsetting contracts with institutional counterparties to hedge the Company’s foreign exchange rate risk. These back-to-back contracts allow the Company to offer its customers foreign exchange products while minimizing its exposure to foreign exchange rate fluctuations. These foreign exchange contracts are not designated as hedging instruments and are recorded at fair value in Other Assets and Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition. At September 30, 2017, the Company had no outstanding foreign exchange contracts.
The following table presents the notional amount and fair value of derivative instruments included in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of the dates indicated. Note 3 contains further disclosures pertaining to the fair value of mortgage banking derivatives.

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| Notional Amount |  | Fair Value |  | Notional Amount |  | Fair Value
| (In thousands)
Included in assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate lock commitments (1) | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 289,637 |  |  | $ | 8,317 |
Mandatory forward commitments (1) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 537,476 |  |  | 8,897 |
Interest rate swaps and cap on loans with correspondent bank | 69,090 |  |  | 1,112 |  |  | 46,346 |  |  | 707 |
Foreign exchange contracts | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,236 |  |  | 47 |
Total included in assets | $ | 69,090 |  |  | $ | 1,112 |  |  | $ | 877,695 |  |  | $ | 17,968 |
Included in liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate lock commitments (1) | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 22,945 |  |  | $ | 231 |
Mandatory forward commitments (1) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 265,322 |  |  | 1,212 |
Interest rate swaps and caps on loans with customers | 69,090 |  |  | 1,146 |  |  | 46,346 |  |  | 655 |
Foreign exchange contracts | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,207 |  |  | 18 |
Total included in liabilities | $ | 69,090 |  |  | $ | 1,146 |  |  | $ | 338,820 |  |  | $ | 2,116 |

(1) Derivative instruments related to mortgage banking activities (discontinued operations).
The Company has entered into agreements with counterparty financial institutions, which include master netting agreements that provide for the net settlement of all contracts with a single counterparty in the event of default. However, the Company elected to account for all derivatives with counterparty institutions on a gross basis. Due to clearinghouse rule changes, beginning January 1, 2017, variation margin payments are treated as settlements of derivative exposure rather than as collateral.
NOTE 14 – EMPLOYEE STOCK COMPENSATION
The Company issues stock-based compensation awards to its directors and employees from the Company's 2013 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (2013 Omnibus Plan). The 2013 Omnibus Plan provides that the aggregate number of shares of the Company's common stock that may be subject to awards will be 20 percent of the then outstanding shares of Company common stock (the Share Limit), provided that in no event will the Share Limit be less than the greater of 2,384,711 shares of Company common stock and the aggregate number of shares of Company common stock with respect to which awards have been properly granted under the 2013 Omnibus Plan up to that point in time. As of September 30, 2017, based on the number of shares then registered for issuance under the 2013 Omnibus Plan, 1,167,762 shares were available for future awards.
The Company maintains the Banc of California Capital and Liquidity Enhancement Employee Compensation Trust (the SECT) to fund employee stock compensation and benefit obligations of the Company. There have been no shares funded out of the SECT as of September 30, 2017. See Note 15 for additional information.
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Share-based Compensation Expense
The following table presents share-based compensation expense and the related tax benefits for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Stock options | $ | 36 |  |  | $ | 103 |  |  | $ | 703 |  |  | $ | 400 |
Restricted stock awards and units | 2,185 |  |  | 2,716 |  |  | 9,167 |  |  | 8,110 |
Stock appreciation rights | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 42 |  |  | 17 |
Total share-based compensation expense | $ | 2,221 |  |  | $ | 2,821 |  |  | $ | 9,912 |  |  | $ | 8,527 |
Related tax benefits | $ | 927 |  |  | $ | 1,172 |  |  | $ | 4,122 |  |  | $ | 3,543 |

The following table presents unrecognized share-based compensation expense as of September 30, 2017:

| September 30, 2017
| Unrecognized Expense |  | Weighted-Average Remaining Expected Recognition Period
| ($ in thousands)
Stock option awards | $ | 662 |  |  | 3.1 years
Restricted stock awards and restricted stock units | 11,049 |  |  | 2.5 years
Total | $ | 11,711 |  |  | 2.5 years

Stock Options
The Company has issued stock options to certain employees, officers and directors. Stock options are issued at the closing market price immediately before the grant date, and generally have a three to five year vesting period and contractual terms of seven to ten years. The Company recognizes an income tax deduction upon exercise of the stock option by the option holder in an amount equal to the taxable income reported by the option holders. The option holder recognize taxable income based on the closing market price immediately before the exercise date less the exercise price stated in the grant agreement.
The following table represents stock option activity as of and for the three months ended September 30, 2017:

| Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
| Number of Shares |  | Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share |  | Weighted-Average Remaining Contract Term |  | Aggregated Intrinsic Value (In thousands)
Outstanding at beginning of period | 740,805 |  |  | $ | 13.80 |  |  | 7.1 years |  | $ | 5,702 |
Exercised | (257,495 | ) |  | $ | 12.72 |  |  | 6.3 years |  |  |
Forfeited | (77,337 | ) |  | $ | 13.97 |  |  | 7.3 years |  |  |
Outstanding at end of period | 405,973 |  |  | $ | 14.46 |  |  | 7.1 years |  | $ | 2,555 |
Exercisable at end of period | 204,541 |  |  | $ | 13.62 |  |  | 6.2 years |  | $ | 1,458 |

The following table represents stock option activity as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
| Number of Shares |  | Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share |  | Weighted-Average Remaining Contract Term |  | Aggregated Intrinsic Value (In thousands)
Outstanding at beginning of period | 968,591 |  |  | $ | 13.95 |  |  | 6.4 years |  | $ | 3,336 |
Exercised | (389,281 | ) |  | $ | 12.54 |  |  | 6.1 years |  |
Forfeited | (173,337 | ) |  | $ | 15.92 |  |  | 8.1 years |  |
Outstanding at end of period | 405,973 |  |  | $ | 14.46 |  |  | 7.1 years |  | $ | 2,555 |
Exercisable at end of period | 204,541 |  |  | $ | 13.62 |  |  | 6.2 years |  | $ | 1,458 |

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The following table represents changes in unvested stock options as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017:

| Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
| Number of Shares |  | Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share |  | Number of Shares |  | Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share
Outstanding at beginning of period | 265,730 |  |  | $ | 14.65 |  |  | 518,936 |  |  | $ | 15.04 |
Vested | (17,627 | ) |  | $ | 13.03 |  |  | (174,833 | ) |  | $ | 14.10 |
Forfeited | (46,671 | ) |  | $ | 12.41 |  |  | (142,671 | ) |  | $ | 15.84 |
Outstanding at end of period | 201,432 |  |  | $ | 15.31 |  |  | 201,432 |  |  | $ | 15.31 |

Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Units
The Company also has granted restricted stock awards and restricted stock units to certain employees, officers and directors. The restricted stock awards and units are valued at the closing price of the Company’s stock on the date of award. The restricted stock awards and units fully vest after a specified period (generally ranging from one to five years) of continued service from the date of grant plus, in some cases, the satisfaction of performance conditions. The Company recognizes an income tax deduction in an amount equal to the taxable income reported by the holders of the restricted stock, generally upon vesting or, in the case of restricted stock units, when settled. The following table presents unvested restricted stock awards and restricted stock units activity as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017:

| Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
| Number of Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share |  | Number of Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Outstanding at beginning of period | 1,050,314 |  |  | $ | 17.85 |  |  | 1,417,144 |  |  | $ | 16.16 |
Granted (1) | 181,630 |  |  | $ | 21.08 |  |  | 814,856 |  |  | $ | 20.81 |
Vested | (76,380 | ) |  | $ | 15.42 |  |  | (793,328 | ) |  | $ | 15.95 |
Forfeited (1) | (169,743 | ) |  | $ | 19.09 |  |  | (452,851 | ) |  | $ | 17.93 |
Outstanding at end of period | 985,821 |  |  | $ | 18.34 |  |  | 985,821 |  |  | $ | 18.34 |

(1) | The number of granted shares/units includes aggregate performance-based shares of 117,709 and 152,709, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. The number of forfeited shares includes aggregate performance-based shares of 60,419 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. The vesting of these awards is subject to certain performance targets and goals being met. These performance targets include conditions relating to the Company’s profitability and regulatory standing. The actual amounts of stock released upon vesting will be determined by the Compensation Committee of the Company's Board of Directors upon the Committee's certification of the satisfaction of the target level of performance.

Stock Appreciation Rights
On August 21, 2012, the Company granted to Steven A. Sugarman, its then- (now former) chief executive officer a ten-year stock appreciation right (SAR) for 500,000 shares (Initial SAR) of the Company’s common stock with a base price of $12.12 per share with one-third of the Initial SAR vesting on the grant date and the remaining amount vesting over a period of 2 years. The Initial SAR entitles Mr. Sugarman to dividend equivalent rights and originally contained an anti-dilution provision pursuant to which additional SARs (Additional SARs) were issued to Mr. Sugarman upon certain stock issuances by the Company, as described below. On March 24, 2016, concurrent with entering into a new employment agreement with the Company, Mr. Sugarman entered into a letter agreement that eliminated this anti-dilution provision of the Initial SAR. Under the terms of the March 24, 2016 letter agreement, in consideration of the removal of the anti-dilution provision of the Initial SAR, the Company granted Mr. Sugarman a onetime performance based restricted stock award with an aggregate grant date fair market value of $5.0 million, which would vest in full on March 24, 2017, but was also subject to restrictions on sale or transfer through March 24, 2021.
In connection with Mr. Sugarman’s resignation as the Company’s chief executive officer on January 23, 2017, all unvested equity awards (including any unvested SARs) immediately vested and became free of all restrictions. In addition, the SARs continued (and continue) to remain exercisable for their full terms, with dividend equivalent rights of the SARs also continuing in effect during their full terms.
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As described more fully in the SAR agreement, the original anti-dilution provision of the Initial SAR did not apply to certain issuances of the Company’s common stock for compensatory purposes, but did apply to certain other issuances of the Company’s common stock, including the issuances of common stock to raise capital. Pursuant to this anti-dilution provision, the Company issued Additional SARs to the former chief executive officer with a base price determined as of each date of issuance, but otherwise with the same terms and conditions as the Initial SAR, except for an Additional SAR granted relating to a public offering of the Company’s TEUs on May 21, 2014 that has different terms (Additional TEU SAR).
Regarding the Additional TEU SAR, the TEU contained a prepaid stock purchase contract (Purchase Contract) that could be settled in shares of the Company’s voting common stock based on a maximum settlement rate (subject to adjustment) and a minimum settlement rate (subject to adjustment) as more fully described under Note 15. The Additional TEU SAR was calculated using the initial maximum settlement rate and, therefore, the number of shares underlying the Additional TEU SAR was subject to adjustment and forfeiture if the aggregate number of shares of stock issued in settlement of any single Purchase Contract was less than the initial maximum settlement rate. By its original terms, the Additional TEU SAR was to vest in full on May 15, 2017 or accelerate in vesting upon early settlement of a Purchase Contract at the holders' option, and until it vested, the Additional TEU SAR was to have no dividend equivalent rights and the shares underlying the Additional TEU SAR were subject to forfeiture.
The following table represents SARs activity as of and for the three months ended September 30, 2017:

| Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
| Number of Shares |  | Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share |  | Weighted-Average Remaining Contract Term |  | Aggregated Intrinsic Value (In thousands)
Outstanding at beginning of period | 1,559,012 |  |  | $ | 11.60 |  |  | 5.1 years |  | $ | 15,430 |
Outstanding at end of period | 1,559,012 |  |  | $ | 11.60 |  |  | 4.9 years |  | $ | 14,261 |
Exercisable at end of period | 1,559,012 |  |  | $ | 11.60 |  |  | 4.9 years |  | $ | 14,261 |

The following table represents SARs activity as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
| Number of Shares |  | Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share |  | Weighted-Average Remaining Contract Term |  | Aggregated Intrinsic Value (In thousands)
Outstanding at beginning of period | 1,559,047 |  |  | $ | 11.60 |  |  | 5.6 years |  | $ | 8,961 |
Forfeited | (35 | ) |  | $ | 10.09 |  |  | 4.9 years |  |
Outstanding at end of period | 1,559,012 |  |  | $ | 11.60 |  |  | 4.9 years |  | $ | 14,261 |
Exercisable at end of period | 1,559,012 |  |  | $ | 11.60 |  |  | 4.9 years |  | $ | 14,261 |

The following table represents changes in unvested SARs as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017:

| Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
| Number of Shares |  | Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share |  | Number of Shares |  | Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share
Outstanding at beginning of period | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 8,069 |  |  | $ | 10.09 |
Vested | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | (8,034 | ) |  | $ | 10.09 |
Forfeited | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | (35 | ) |  | $ | 10.09 |
Outstanding at end of period | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |

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NOTE 15 – STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Warrants
On November 1, 2010, the Company issued warrants to TCW Shared Opportunity Fund V, L.P. for up to 240,000 shares of non-voting common stock at an original exercise price of $11.00 per share, subject to certain adjustments to the number of shares underlying the warrants as well as certain adjustments to the warrant exercise price as applicable. These warrants were exercisable from the date of original issuance through November 1, 2015. On August 3, 2015, these warrants were exercised in full using a cashless (net) exercise, resulting in a net number of shares of non-voting common stock issued in the aggregate of 70,690, which were immediately thereafter exchanged for an aggregate of 70,690 shares of voting common stock. Based on automatic adjustments to the original $11.00 exercise price, the exercise price at the time of exercise was $9.13 per share.
On November 1, 2010, the Company also issued warrants to COR Advisors LLC, an entity controlled by Steven A. Sugarman, who became a director of the Company on that date and later became President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company (and resigned from those and all other positions with the Company and the Bank on January 23, 2017), to purchase up to 1,395,000 shares of non-voting common stock at an exercise price of $11.00 per share, subject to certain adjustments to the number of shares underlying the warrants as well as certain adjustments to the warrant exercise price as applicable. Subsequent to their original issuance, warrants for the right to purchase 960,000 shares of non-voting common stock were transferred to Steven A. Sugarman and his spouse through a living trust, and warrants for the right to purchase 435,000 shares of non-voting common stock were transferred to Jeffrey T. Seabold, then- (now former) Executive Vice President and Management Vice-Chair. These warrants vested in tranches, with each tranche being exercisable for five years after the tranche's vesting date. With respect to the warrants transferred to Steven A. Sugarman, 50,000 shares vested on October 1, 2011 and the remainder vested in seven equal quarterly installments beginning January 1, 2012 and ending on July 1, 2013. With respect to the warrants transferred to Mr. Seabold, 95,000 shares vested on January 1, 2011; 130,000 shares vested on each of April 1 and July 1, 2011, and 80,000 shares vested on October 1, 2011.
On August 17, 2016, Steven A. Sugarman and his spouse through their living trust transferred warrants to purchase 480,000 shares to Steven A. Sugarman's brother, Jason Sugarman. The living trust transferred the warrants in consideration for certain consulting services Jason Sugarman previously rendered to COR Advisors LLC. The transferred warrants were last exercisable on September 30, 2016, December 31, 2016, March 31, 2017, June 30, 2017 and September 30, 2017 for 50,000, 130,000, 130,000, 130,000, and 40,000 shares respectively. On August 17, 2016, Jason Sugarman irrevocably elected to fully exercise each tranche of the transferred warrant. Under the irrevocable election, Jason Sugarman directed that each such exercise would occur on the last exercisable date for each tranche using a cashless (net) exercise method and also directed that each exercise be for either non-voting common stock, or, if allowed under the terms of the warrant, for voting common stock. At September 30, 2016, December 31, 2016, March 31, 2017,June 30, 2017 and September 30, 2017, based on Jason Sugarman’s irrevocable election, warrants to purchase 50,000, 130,000, 130,000,130,000 and 40,000 shares, respectively, had been exercised, resulting in issuances of 25,051 and 64,962 shares of the Company's voting common stock and 75,875, 77,376 and 23,237 shares of the Company's class B non-voting common stock, respectively.
Steven A. Sugarman and his spouse through the living trust continue to hold warrants to purchase 480,000 shares, which are last exercisable on September 30, 2017, December 31, 2017, March 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018 for 90,000, 130,000, 130,000 and 130,000 shares, respectively. At September 30, 2017, warrants to purchase 90,000 shares were exercised, resulting in an issuance of 52,284 shares of the Company's class B non-voting common stock.
On December 8, 2015, March 9, 2016, June 17, 2016, and September 30, 2016, Mr. Seabold exercised his warrants with respect to 95,000, 130,000, 130,000, and 80,000 shares, respectively, using cashless (net) exercises, resulting in a net number of shares of non-voting common stock issued in the aggregate of 37,355, 53,711, 70,775, and 40,081, respectively. Based on automatic adjustments to the original $11.00 exercise price, the exercise price at the time of exercise was $9.04, $8.90, $8.84, and $8.80 per share, respectively. As a result of these exercises, Mr. Seabold no longer holds warrants to purchase shares of non-voting common stock.
Under the terms of the respective warrants, the warrants are exercisable for voting common stock in lieu of non-voting common stock following a transfer of the warrants under certain circumstances described in the terms of the warrants. Based on automatic adjustments to the original $11.00 exercise price, the Company has determined that the exercise price for the warrants was $8.55 per share as of September 30, 2017. The terms and issuance of the foregoing warrants were approved by the Company's stockholders at a special meeting held on October 25, 2010.
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Common Stock
On March 8, 2016, the Company issued and sold 4,850,000 shares of its voting common stock in an underwritten public offering, for gross proceeds of approximately $66.5 million. On the same date, the Company issued an additional 727,500 shares of voting common stock upon the exercise in full by the underwriters of their 30-day over-allotment option, for additional gross proceeds of approximately $10.5 million.
On May 11, 2016, the Company issued and sold 5,250,000 shares of its voting common stock in an underwritten public offering for gross proceeds of approximately $100.0 million.
Stock Employee Compensation Trust
On August 3, 2016, the Company and Evercore Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, established the SECT to fund employee compensation and benefit obligations of the Company using the Company’s common stock. On August 3, 2016, pursuant to a Common Stock Purchase Agreement between the Company and the SECT, the Company sold 2,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to the SECT for an aggregate purchase price of $53.6 million, in exchange for a cash amount equal to the aggregate par value of the shares and a promissory note for the balance of the purchase price. The SECT will release the shares over the term of the SECT to satisfy certain compensatory and benefit obligations of the Company under certain stock and other employee benefit plans of the Company and its subsidiaries, as the promissory note is paid down through allocations of available shares as directed by the Company, dividends on the shares received by the SECT or other earnings of the SECT. As the shares are released from the SECT and allocated to the plans, the Company recognizes compensation expense based on the fair value of the shares on the grant date. The unallocated shares of the Company's common stock held by the SECT are not included in calculating the Company's earnings per share. All shares held by the SECT were unallocated at September 30, 2017. The SECT provides for confidential pass-through voting and tendering structured such that the individuals with an economic interest in the shares of the Company’s common stock held by the SECT control the voting and tendering of such shares. The SECT will terminate on January 1, 2032 or any earlier date on which the promissory note is paid in full. The Board of Directors may also terminate the SECT at any earlier time, and the SECT will terminate automatically upon the Company giving the trustee notice of a change of control of the Company.
Preferred Stock
The Company is authorized to issue 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock with par value of $0.01 per share. Preferred shares outstanding rank senior to common shares both as to dividends and liquidation preference but have no voting rights. All of the Company's outstanding shares of preferred stock have a $1,000 per share liquidation preference. The following table presents the Company's total authorized, issued and outstanding preferred stock as of dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| Shares Authorized and Outstanding |  | Liquidation Preference |  | Carrying Value |  | Shares Authorized and Outstanding |  | Liquidation Preference |  | Carrying Value
| ($ in thousands)
Series C 8.00% non-cumulative perpetual | 40,250 |  |  | $ | 40,250 |  |  | $ | 37,943 |  |  | 40,250 |  |  | $ | 40,250 |  |  | $ | 37,943 |
Series D 7.375% non-cumulative perpetual | 115,000 |  |  | 115,000 |  |  | 110,873 |  |  | 115,000 |  |  | 115,000 |  |  | 110,873 |
Series E 7.00% non-cumulative perpetual | 125,000 |  |  | 125,000 |  |  | 120,255 |  |  | 125,000 |  |  | 125,000 |  |  | 120,255 |
Total | 280,250 |  |  | $ | 280,250 |  |  | $ | 269,071 |  |  | 280,250 |  |  | $ | 280,250 |  |  | $ | 269,071 |

On February 8, 2016, the Company completed the issuance and sale, in an underwritten public offering, of 5,000,000 depositary shares, each representing a 1/40 th interest in a share of its 7.00 percent Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series E (with 125,000 shares of Series E Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock issued), with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share (equivalent to $25 per depositary share), for gross proceeds of $121.1 million.
On April 1, 2016, the Company completed the redemption of all 32,000 outstanding shares of the Company's Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A, and all 10,000 outstanding shares of the Company's Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B. The shares were redeemed at a redemption price equal to the liquidation amount of $1,000 per share plus the unpaid dividends for the current dividend period to, but excluding, the redemption date. Both the Series A Preferred Stock and the Series B preferred Stock were issued as part of the U.S. Department of the Treasury's Small Business Lending Fund Program.
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Tangible Equity Units
On May 21, 2014, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 1,380,000 of its tangible equity units (TEUs), which included 180,000 TEUs issued to the underwriter upon the full exercise of its over-allotment option, resulting in net proceeds of $65.0 million. Each TEU was comprised of a prepaid stock purchase contract (each, a Purchase Contract) and a junior subordinated amortizing note due May 15, 2017 issued by the Company (each, an Amortizing Note). The terms of the Purchase Contracts provided that unless settled early at the holder’s option as described below, on May 15, 2017, each Purchase Contract would automatically settle and the Company would deliver a number of shares of its voting common stock based on the then-applicable market value of the voting common stock, ranging from an initial minimum settlement rate of 4.4456 shares per Purchase Contract (subject to adjustment) if the applicable market value is equal to or greater than $11.247 per share to an initial maximum settlement rate of 5.1124 shares per Purchase Contract (subject to adjustment) if the applicable market value is less than or equal to $9.78 per share.
From the first business day following the issuance of the TEUs, excluding the third business day immediately preceding May 15, 2017, a holder of a Purchase Contract could settle its Purchase Contract early, and the Company would deliver to the holder 4.4456 shares of voting common stock. On May 15, 2017, all Purchase Contracts that had not previously been settled early as described above were settled. The Company issued an aggregate of 6,134,988 shares of voting common stock pursuant to the Purchase Contracts. As of September 30, 2017, no Purchase Contracts remained outstanding.
The Amortizing Notes had an initial principal amount of $10.604556 per Amortizing Note, bore interest at a rate of 7.50 percent per annum and had a final installment payment date of May 15, 2017. On each August 15, November 15, February 15 and May 15, commencing on August 15, 2014, the Company paid holders of Amortizing Notes equal quarterly cash installments of $1.00 per Amortizing Note (or, in the case of the installment payment due on August 15, 2014, $0.933333 per Amortizing Note) (such installments, the installment payments), which installment payments in the aggregate were equivalent to a 8.00 percent cash distribution per year with respect to each $50.00 stated amount of TEUs. Each installment payment constituted a payment of interest (at a rate of 7.50 percent per annum) and a partial repayment of principal on each Amortizing Note. The Company had the right to defer installment payments at any time and from time to time, subject to certain restrictions, so long as such deferral period did not extend beyond May 15, 2019; the Company did not exercise this right.
On May 15, 2017, the Company made the final installment payment on the Amortizing Notes. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Amortizing Notes, net of unamortized discounts, totaled $0 and $2.7 million, respectively, net of unamortized discounts, and were included in Long Term Debt in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
Change in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The Company’s Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) includes unrealized gain (loss) on securities available-for-sale. Changes to Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) are presented net of tax effect as a component of stockholders' equity. Reclassifications from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations either as a gain or loss. The following table presents changes to Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Unrealized gain (loss) on securities available-for-sale |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 8,881 |  |  | $ | 2,683 |  |  | $ | (9,042 | ) |  | $ | (2,995 | )
Unrealized gain arising during the period | 5,788 |  |  | 7,979 |  |  | 18,937 |  |  | 47,353 |
Unrealized gain arising from the reclassification of securities held-to-maturity to securities available-for-sale | — |  |  | — |  |  | 21,990 |  |  | — |
Reclassification adjustment from other comprehensive income | (7,625 | ) |  | (487 | ) |  | (12,080 | ) |  | (30,100 | )
Tax effect of current period changes | 764 |  |  | (3,110 | ) |  | (11,997 | ) |  | (7,193 | )
Total changes, net of taxes | (1,073 | ) |  | 4,382 |  |  | 16,850 |  |  | 10,060 |
Balance at end of period | $ | 7,808 |  |  | $ | 7,065 |  |  | $ | 7,808 |  |  | $ | 7,065 |

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NOTE 16 – REGULATORY CAPITAL MATTERS
The following table presents the regulatory capital amounts and ratios for the Company and the Bank as of dates indicated:

|  |  |  |  | Minimum Capital Requirement |  | Minimum Required to Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
| Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio
| ($ in thousands)
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Banc of California, Inc. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total risk-based capital | $ | 1,009,727 |  |  | 14.48 | % |  | $ | 557,714 |  |  | 8.00 | % |  | N/A |  |  | N/A |
Tier 1 risk-based capital | 960,013 |  |  | 13.77 | % |  | 418,286 |  |  | 6.00 | % |  | N/A |  |  | N/A |
Common equity tier 1 capital | 690,942 |  |  | 9.91 | % |  | 313,714 |  |  | 4.50 | % |  | N/A |  |  | N/A |
Tier 1 leverage | 960,013 |  |  | 9.55 | % |  | 402,204 |  |  | 4.00 | % |  | N/A |  |  | N/A |
Banc of California, NA |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total risk-based capital | $ | 1,141,916 |  |  | 16.39 | % |  | $ | 557,416 |  |  | 8.00 | % |  | $ | 696,770 |  |  | 10.00 | %
Tier 1 risk-based capital | 1,092,202 |  |  | 15.68 | % |  | 418,062 |  |  | 6.00 | % |  | 557,416 |  |  | 8.00 | %
Common equity tier 1 capital | 1,092,202 |  |  | 15.68 | % |  | 313,546 |  |  | 4.50 | % |  | 452,900 |  |  | 6.50 | %
Tier 1 leverage | 1,092,202 |  |  | 10.88 | % |  | 401,584 |  |  | 4.00 | % |  | 501,980 |  |  | 5.00 | %
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Banc of California, Inc. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total risk-based capital | $ | 975,918 |  |  | 13.70 | % |  | $ | 569,856 |  |  | 8.00 | % |  | N/A |  |  | N/A |
Tier 1 risk-based capital | 941,429 |  |  | 13.22 | % |  | 427,392 |  |  | 6.00 | % |  | N/A |  |  | N/A |
Common equity tier 1 capital | 672,358 |  |  | 9.44 | % |  | 320,544 |  |  | 4.50 | % |  | N/A |  |  | N/A |
Tier 1 leverage | 941,429 |  |  | 8.17 | % |  | 460,840 |  |  | 4.00 | % |  | N/A |  |  | N/A |
Banc of California, NA |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total risk-based capital | $ | 1,042,617 |  |  | 14.73 | % |  | $ | 566,405 |  |  | 8.00 | % |  | $ | 708,007 |  |  | 10.00 | %
Tier 1 risk-based capital | 999,788 |  |  | 14.12 | % |  | 424,804 |  |  | 6.00 | % |  | 566,405 |  |  | 8.00 | %
Common equity tier 1 capital | 999,788 |  |  | 14.12 | % |  | 318,603 |  |  | 4.50 | % |  | 460,204 |  |  | 6.50 | %
Tier 1 leverage | 999,788 |  |  | 8.71 | % |  | 459,368 |  |  | 4.00 | % |  | 574,210 |  |  | 5.00 | %

In July 2013, the Federal banking regulators approved a final rule to implement the revised capital adequacy standards of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, commonly called Basel III, and to address relevant provisions of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the Dodd-Frank Act). The final rule strengthens the definition of regulatory capital, increases risk-based capital requirements, makes selected changes to the calculation of risk-weighted assets, and adjusts the prompt corrective action thresholds. The Company and the Bank became subject to the new rule on January 1, 2015 and certain provisions of the new rule will be phased in through 2019.
The final rule:

• | Permits banking organizations that had less than $15 billion in total consolidated assets as of December 31, 2009, to include in Tier 1 capital trust preferred securities and cumulative perpetual preferred stock that were issued and included in Tier 1 capital prior to May 19, 2010, subject to a limit of 25 percent of Tier 1 capital elements, excluding any non-qualifying capital instruments and after all regulatory capital deductions and adjustments have been applied to Tier 1 capital.

• | Establishes new qualifying criteria for regulatory capital, including new limitations on the inclusion of deferred tax assets and mortgage servicing rights.

• | Requires a minimum ratio of common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of 4.5 percent.

• | Increases the minimum Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio requirement from 4 percent to 6 percent.

• | Retains the minimum total capital to risk-weighted assets ratio requirement of 8 percent.

• | Retains a minimum leverage ratio requirement of 4 percent.

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• | Changes the prompt corrective action standards so that in order to be considered well-capitalized, a depository institution must have a ratio of common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of 6.5 percent (new), a ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of 8 percent (increased from 6 percent), a ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets of 10 percent (unchanged), and a leverage ratio of 5 percent (unchanged).

• | Retains the existing regulatory capital framework for one-to-four family residential mortgage exposures.

• | Permits banking organizations that are not subject to the advanced approaches rule, such as the Company and the Bank, to retain, through a one-time election, the existing treatment for most accumulated other comprehensive income, such that unrealized gains and losses on securities available-for-sale will not affect regulatory capital amounts and ratios.

• | Implements a new capital conservation buffer requirement for a banking organization to maintain a common equity capital ratio more than 2.5 percent above the minimum common equity Tier 1 capital, Tier 1 capital and total risk based capital ratios in order to avoid limitations on capital distributions, including dividend payments, and certain discretionary bonus payments. The capital conservation buffer requirement is being phased in, beginning on January 1, 2016 at 0.625 percent, with additional 0.625 percent increments annually, and will be fully phased in at 2.50 percent by January 1, 2019. A banking organization with a buffer of less than the required amount would be subject to increasingly stringent limitations on such distributions and payments as the buffer approaches zero. The new rule also generally prohibits a banking organization from making such distributions or payments during any quarter if its eligible retained income is negative and its capital conservation buffer ratio was 2.5 percent or less at the end of the previous quarter. The eligible retained income of a banking organization is defined as its net income for the four calendar quarters preceding the current calendar quarter, based on the organization’s quarterly regulatory reports, net of any distributions and associated tax effects not already reflected in net income.

• | Increases capital requirements for past-due loans, high volatility commercial real estate exposures, and certain short term commitments and securitization exposures.

• | Expands the recognition of collateral and guarantors in determining risk-weighted assets.

• | Removes references to credit ratings consistent with the Dodd Frank Act and establishes due diligence requirements for securitization exposures.

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NOTE 17 – VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
T he Company holds ownership interests in alternative energy partnerships, qualified affordable housing partnerships, and the SECT. The Company evaluates its interests in these entities to determine whether they meet the definition of a variable interest entity (VIE) and whether the Company is required to consolidate these entities. A VIE is consolidated by its primary beneficiary, which is the party that has both (i) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE and (ii) a variable interest that could potentially be significant to the VIE. To determine whether or not a variable interest the Company holds could potentially be significant to the VIE, the Company considers both qualitative and quantitative factors regarding the nature, size and form of the Company's involvement with the VIE. The Company has determined that its interests in these entities meet the definition of a variable interest.
Unconsolidated VIEs
Alternative Energy Partnerships
The Company invests in certain alternative energy partnerships (limited liability companies) formed to provide sustainable energy projects that are designed to generate a return primarily through the realization of federal tax credits (energy tax credits). These entities were formed to invest in newly installed residential rooftop solar leases and power purchase agreements. As a result of its investments, the Company has the right to certain investment tax credits and tax depreciation benefits (recognized on the flow through and income statement method in accordance with ASC 740), and to a lesser extent, cash flows generated from the installed solar systems leased to individual consumers for a fixed period of time.
While the Company's interest in the alternative energy partnerships meets the definition of a VIE in accordance with ASC 810, the Company has determined that the Company is not the primary beneficiary because the Company does not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the entities including operational and credit risk management activities. As the Company is not the primary beneficiary, the Company did not consolidate the entities. The Company uses the Hypothetical Liquidation at Book Value (HLBV) method to account for its investments in energy tax credits as an equity investment under ASC 970-323-25-17. Under the HLBV method, an equity method investor determines its share of an investee's earnings by comparing its claim on the investee's book value at the beginning and end of the period, assuming the investee were to liquidate all assets at their U.S. GAAP amounts and distribute the resulting cash to creditors and investors under their respective priorities.
The Company funded $15.0 million and $45.9 million, respectively, into these partnerships and recognized a loss on investment of $8.3 million and $26.8 million, respectively, through its HLBV application during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. As a result, the balance of these investments was $43.8 million at September 30, 2017. The Company has funded $103.3 million of its $200.0 million aggregate funding commitments. From an income tax benefit perspective, the Company recognized investment tax credits of $8.8 million and $33.3 million, respectively, as well as income tax benefits relating to the recognition of its loss through its HLBV application during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. The Company funded $41.6 million of its $100.0 million aggregate funding commitment into the partnership and recognized a loss on investment of $17.7 million through its HLBV application during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. As a result, the balance of its investment was $23.9 million and is included in Other Assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at September 30, 2016. From an income tax benefit perspective, the Company recognized investment tax credits of $19.4 million as well as income tax benefits relating to the recognition of its loss through its HLBV application during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016.
The following table represents the carrying value of the associated assets and liabilities and the associated maximum loss exposure for alternative energy partnerships as of the dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| (In thousands)
Cash | $ | 5,550 |  |  | $ | — |
Equipment, net of depreciation | 245,717 |  |  | 151,721 |
Other assets | 1,631 |  |  | 351 |
Total unconsolidated assets | $ | 252,898 |  |  | $ | 152,072 |
Total unconsolidated liabilities | $ | 3,157 |  |  | $ | — |
Maximum loss exposure | $ | 140,550 |  |  | $ | 68,298 |

The maximum loss exposure that would be absorbed by the Company in the event that all of the assets in alternative energy partnerships are deemed worthless is $140.6 million, consisting of the investment balance of $43.8 million and unfunded equity commitments of $96.7 million at September 30, 2017.
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The Company believes that the loss exposure on its investment is reduced considering the return on its investment is provided not only by the cash flows of the underlying customer leases and power purchase agreements, but also through the significant tax benefits, including federal tax credits generated from the investments. In addition, the arrangements include a transition manager to support any transition of the solar company sponsor whose role includes that of the servicer and operation and maintenance provider, in the event the sponsor would be required to be removed from its responsibilities (e.g., bankruptcy, breach of contract, etc.), thereby further limiting the Company’s exposure.
Qualified Affordable Housing Partnerships
The Company also invests in limited partnerships that operate qualified affordable housing projects. The returns on these investments are generated primarily through allocated Federal tax credits and other tax benefits. In addition, these investments contribute to the Company's compliance with the Community Reinvestment Act. These limited partnerships are considered to be VIEs, because either (i) they do not have sufficient equity investment at risk or (ii) the limited partners with equity at risk do not have substantive kick-out rights through voting rights or substantive participating rights over the general partner. As a limited partner, the Company is not the primary beneficiary because the general partner has the ability to direct the activities of the VIEs that most significantly impact their economic performance. Therefore, the Company does not consolidate these partnerships.
The Company funded $2.2 million and $4.2 million, respectively, into these partnerships and recognized proportional amortization expense of $255 thousand and $982 thousand, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. As a result, the balance of these investments was $6.5 million at September 30, 2017. The Company has funded $13.4 million of its $29.5 million aggregated funding commitments. The Company had an unfunded commitment of $16.2 million at September 30, 2017. From an income tax benefit perspective, the Company recognized investment tax credits of $98 thousand and $637 thousand, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. The maximum loss exposure that would be absorbed by the Company in the event that all of the assets in this investment are deemed worthless is $22.6 million, which is the Company's recorded investment amount. The recorded investment amount is included in Other Assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and the proportional amortization expense is recorded in Income Tax (Benefit) Expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
As the investments in alternative energy partnerships and qualified affordable housing partnerships represent unconsolidated VIEs to the Company, the assets and liabilities of the investments themselves are not recorded on the Company's statements of financial condition.
Consolidated VIE
The Company maintains a SECT to fund employee stock compensation and benefit obligations of the Company. The SECT holds and will release shares of the Company's common stock to be used to fund the Company's obligations during the term of the SECT under certain stock and other employee benefit plans of the Company. During the three months ended September 30, 2016, the Company sold 2,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to the SECT for an aggregate purchase price of $53.6 million, in exchange for a cash amount equal to the aggregate par value of the shares and a promissory note for the balance of the purchase price. The promissory note is paid down through allocations of available shares to the Company’s stock and other employee benefit plans as directed by the Company, dividends on the shares received by the SECT, other earnings of the SECT, or may be forgiven by the Company.
The Company evaluated its interest in the SECT and determined it is a VIE of which the Company is the primary beneficiary. As such, the SECT is consolidated by the Company.
The entire amount of assets and liabilities of the SECT represents the transactions between the Company and the SECT. As a result, the note receivable on the Company and the note payable on the SECT are eliminated on a consolidated basis. All other transactions, such as note principal and dividend payments and receipts, are also eliminated on a consolidated basis, accordingly. See Note 15 for additional information.
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NOTE 18 – EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
The following table presents computations of basic and diluted EPS for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017:

| Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
| Common Stock |  | Class B Common Stock |  | Total |  | Common Stock |  | Class B Common Stock |  | Total
| ($ in thousands, except per share data)
Income from continuing operations | $ | 17,980 |  |  | $ | 128 |  |  | $ | 18,108 |  |  | $ | 42,384 |  |  | $ | 238 |  |  | $ | 42,622 |
Less: income allocated to participating securities | (152 | ) |  | (1 | ) |  | (153 | ) |  | (327 | ) |  | (2 | ) |  | (329 | )
Less: participating securities dividends | (202 | ) |  | (1 | ) |  | (203 | ) |  | (605 | ) |  | (3 | ) |  | (608 | )
Less: preferred stock dividends | (5,076 | ) |  | (36 | ) |  | (5,112 | ) |  | (15,252 | ) |  | (86 | ) |  | (15,338 | )
Income from continuing operations allocated to common stockholders | 12,550 |  |  | 90 |  |  | 12,640 |  |  | 26,200 |  |  | 147 |  |  | 26,347 |
Income from discontinued operations | (1,151 | ) |  | (8 | ) |  | (1,159 | ) |  | 3,764 |  |  | 21 |  |  | 3,785 |
Net income allocated to common stockholders | $ | 11,399 |  |  | $ | 82 |  |  | $ | 11,481 |  |  | $ | 29,964 |  |  | $ | 168 |  |  | $ | 30,132 |
Weighted average common shares outstanding | 50,006,370 |  |  | 355,944 |  |  | 50,362,314 |  |  | 49,881,231 |  |  | 279,697 |  |  | 50,160,928 |
Dilutive effects of stock units | 130,700 |  |  | — |  |  | 130,700 |  |  | 96,899 |  |  | — |  |  | 96,899 |
Dilutive effects of stock options | 147,424 |  |  | — |  |  | 147,424 |  |  | 187,206 |  |  | — |  |  | 187,206 |
Dilutive effects of warrants | 292,920 |  |  | — |  |  | 292,920 |  |  | 365,374 |  |  | — |  |  | 365,374 |
Average shares and dilutive common shares | 50,577,414 |  |  | 355,944 |  |  | 50,933,358 |  |  | 50,530,710 |  |  | 279,697 |  |  | 50,810,407 |
Basic earnings per common share |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income from continuing operations | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |
Income from discontinued operations | (0.02 | ) |  | (0.02 | ) |  | (0.02 | ) |  | 0.08 |  |  | 0.08 |  |  | 0.08 |
Net income | $ | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 0.60 |
Diluted earnings per common share |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income from continuing operations | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |
Income from discontinued operations | (0.02 | ) |  | (0.02 | ) |  | (0.02 | ) |  | 0.07 |  |  | 0.08 |  |  | 0.07 |
Net income | $ | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.59 |  |  | $ | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 0.59 |

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, there were 99,287 and 106,361 stock units, respectively, and 120,000 and 199,121 stock options, respectively, that were not considered in computing diluted earnings per common share, because they were anti-dilutive.
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The following table presents computations of basic and diluted EPS for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016:

| Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
| Common Stock |  | Class B Common Stock |  | Total |  | Common Stock |  | Class B Common Stock |  | Total
| ($ in thousands, except per share data)
Income from continuing operations | $ | 25,097 |  |  | $ | 82 |  |  | $ | 25,179 |  |  | $ | 62,102 |  |  | $ | 143 |  |  | $ | 62,245 |
Less: income allocated to participating securities | (732 | ) |  | (2 | ) |  | (734 | ) |  | (1,608 | ) |  | (4 | ) |  | (1,612 | )
Less: participating securities dividends | (185 | ) |  | (1 | ) |  | (186 | ) |  | (557 | ) |  | (1 | ) |  | (558 | )
Less: preferred stock dividends | (5,095 | ) |  | (17 | ) |  | (5,112 | ) |  | (14,767 | ) |  | (34 | ) |  | (14,801 | )
Income from continuing operations allocated to common stockholders | 19,085 |  |  | 62 |  |  | 19,147 |  |  | 45,170 |  |  | 104 |  |  | 45,274 |
Income from discontinued operations | 10,723 |  |  | 35 |  |  | 10,758 |  |  | 19,861 |  |  | 46 |  |  | 19,907 |
Net income allocated to common stockholders | $ | 29,808 |  |  | $ | 97 |  |  | $ | 29,905 |  |  | $ | 65,031 |  |  | $ | 150 |  |  | $ | 65,181 |
Weighted average common shares outstanding | 49,745,563 |  |  | 162,277 |  |  | 49,907,840 |  |  | 45,655,735 |  |  | 105,067 |  |  | 45,760,802 |
Dilutive effects of stock units | 244,354 |  |  | — |  |  | 244,354 |  |  | 213,636 |  |  | — |  |  | 213,636 |
Dilutive effects of stock options | 319,275 |  |  | — |  |  | 319,275 |  |  | 233,045 |  |  | — |  |  | 233,045 |
Dilutive effects of warrants | 525,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 525,000 |  |  | 473,834 |  |  | — |  |  | 473,834 |
Average shares and dilutive common shares | 50,834,192 |  |  | 162,277 |  |  | 50,996,469 |  |  | 46,576,250 |  |  | 105,067 |  |  | 46,681,317 |
Basic earnings per common share |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income from continuing operations | $ | 0.38 |  |  | $ | 0.38 |  |  | $ | 0.38 |  |  | $ | 0.99 |  |  | $ | 0.99 |  |  | $ | 0.99 |
Income from discontinued operations | 0.22 |  |  | 0.22 |  |  | 0.22 |  |  | 0.43 |  |  | 0.43 |  |  | 0.43 |
Net income | $ | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 1.42 |  |  | $ | 1.42 |  |  | $ | 1.42 |
Diluted earnings per common share |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income from continuing operations | $ | 0.38 |  |  | $ | 0.38 |  |  | $ | 0.38 |  |  | $ | 0.97 |  |  | $ | 0.99 |  |  | $ | 0.97 |
Income from discontinued operations | 0.21 |  |  | 0.22 |  |  | 0.21 |  |  | 0.43 |  |  | 0.43 |  |  | 0.43 |
Net income | $ | 0.59 |  |  | $ | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 0.59 |  |  | $ | 1.40 |  |  | $ | 1.42 |  |  | $ | 1.40 |

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, there were 0 stock options that were not considered in computing diluted earnings per common share, because they were anti-dilutive.
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NOTE 19 – LOAN COMMITMENTS AND OTHER RELATED ACTIVITIES
Some financial instruments, such as loan commitments, credit lines, letters of credit, and overdraft protection, are issued to meet customer financing needs. These are agreements to provide credit or to support the credit of others, as long as conditions established in the contract are met, and usually have expiration dates. Commitments may expire without being used. Risk of credit loss exists up to the face amount of these instruments. The same credit policies are used to make such commitments as are used for loans, including obtaining collateral at exercise of the commitment.
The contractual amount of financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk was as follows for the dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| Fixed Rate |  | Variable Rate |  | Fixed Rate |  | Variable Rate
| (In thousands)
Commitments to extend credit (1) | $ | 2,637 |  |  | $ | 264,592 |  |  | $ | 74,777 |  |  | $ | 201,321 |
Unused lines of credit | 46,421 |  |  | 1,267,848 |  |  | 27,151 |  |  | 888,236 |
Letters of credit | 1,772 |  |  | 7,494 |  |  | 1,784 |  |  | 8,655 |

(1) | Includes $0 and $65.1 million, respectively, of commitments to extend credit related to discontinued operations at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

Commitments to make loans are generally made for periods of 30 days or less.
Other Commitments
As of September 30, 2017, the Company had SFR mortgage loan sale commitments of $15.1 million. There were no forward commitments related to mortgage banking activities at September 30, 2017. As the Company continued to wind down mortgage banking activities in discontinued operations during the three months ended September 30, 2017, derivative instruments to hedge the risk of the overall change in the fair value of loan commitments to borrowers and mortgage loans held-for-sale were no longer needed.
During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Bank entered into certain definitive agreements which grant the Bank the exclusive naming rights to the soccer stadium of The Los Angeles Football Club (LAFC) as well as the right to be the official bank of LAFC. In exchange for the Bank’s rights as set forth in the agreements, the Bank agreed to pay LAFC $100.0 million over a period of 15 years, beginning in 2017 and ending in 2032. As of September 30, 2017, the Company paid $10.0 million of the commitment, which was recognized as a prepaid asset and included in Other Assets in Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. See Note 21 for additional information.
The Company had unfunded commitments of $16.2 million, $10.9 million, and $97.2 million for Affordable House Fund Investment, SBIC, and Other Investments including investments in alternative energy partnerships, at September 30, 2017, respectively.
Litigation
From time to time we are involved as plaintiff or defendant in various legal actions arising in the normal course of business. In accordance with applicable accounting guidance, the Company establishes an accrued liability when those matters present loss contingencies that are both probable and estimable. The Company continues to monitor the matter for further developments that could affect the amount of the accrued liability that has been previously established. As of September 30, 2017, the Company accrued $5.9 million for various litigations filed against the Company and the Bank.
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NOTE 20 – RESTRUCTURING
In connection with the sale of its Banc Home Loans division, the Company restructured certain aspects of its infrastructure and back office operations by realigning back office staffing resulting in certain severance and other employee related costs including accelerated vesting of equity awards, and amending certain system contracts in order to improve the Company's efficiency. These employees and systems primarily supported the Company's mortgage banking activities. The Company expects to recognize approximately $10 million of total restructuring expense during 2017.
The following table presents activities in accrued liabilities and related expenses for the restructuring as of or for the three months ended September 30, 2017:

| As of or For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
| Expense |  |
| Continuing Operations |  | Discontinued Operations |  | Total |  | Accrued Liabilities
| (In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 687 |
Accrual: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Severance and other employee related costs | $ | — |  |  | $ | 279 |  |  | $ | 279 |  |  | 279 |
Other restructuring expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | — |  |  | $ | 279 |  |  | $ | 279 |  |  | 279 |
Payments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Severance and other employee related costs |  |  |  |  |  |  | (681 | )
Other restructuring expense |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (681 | )
Balance at end of period |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 285 |

The following table presents activities in accrued liabilities and related expenses for the restructuring as of or for the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

| As of or For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
| Expense |  |
| Continuing Operations |  | Discontinued Operations |  | Total |  | Accrued Liabilities
| (In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | — |
Accrual: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Severance and other employee related costs | $ | 5,369 |  |  | $ | 2,899 |  |  | $ | 8,268 |  |  | 8,268 |
Other restructuring expense | — |  |  | 895 |  |  | 895 |  |  | 895 |
Total | $ | 5,369 |  |  | $ | 3,794 |  |  | $ | 9,163 |  |  | 9,163 |
Payments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Severance and other employee related costs |  |  |  |  |  |  | (7,983 | )
Other restructuring expense |  |  |  |  |  |  | (895 | )
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (8,878 | )
Balance at end of period |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 285 |

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NOTE 21 – RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS
General. The Bank has granted loans to certain executive officers and directors and their related interests. Excluding the loan amounts described in detail below, loans outstanding to executive officers and directors and their related interests amounted to $249 thousand at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, all of which were performing in accordance with their respective terms as of those dates. These loans were made in the ordinary course of business and on substantially the same terms and conditions, including interest rates and collateral, as those of comparable transactions with non-insiders prevailing at the time, in accordance with the Bank’s underwriting guidelines, and do not involve more than the normal risk of collectability or present other unfavorable features. The Bank has an Employee Loan Program (the Program) which is available to all employees and offers executive officers, directors and principal stockholders that meet the eligibility requirements the opportunity to participate on the same terms as employees generally, provided that any loan to an executive officer, director or principal stockholder must be approved by the Bank’s Board of Directors. The sole benefit provided under the Program is a reduction in loan fees.
Deposits from executive officers, directors, and their related interests amounted to $1.6 million and $2.4 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. There are certain deposits described below, which are not included in the foregoing amounts.
Transactions with Current Related Parties. The Company and the Bank have engaged in transactions described below with the Company’s directors, executive officers, and beneficial owners of more than 5 percent of the outstanding shares of the Company’s voting common stock and certain persons related to them.
Indemnification for Costs of Counsel in Connection with Special Committee Investigation, SEC Investigation and Related Matters. On November 3, 2016, in connection with an investigation by the Special Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors, the Company Board authorized and directed the Company to provide indemnification, advancement and/or reimbursement for the costs of separate independent counsel retained by any then-current officer or director, in their individual capacity, with respect to matters related to the investigation, and to advise them on their rights and obligations with respect to the investigation. At the direction of the Company Board, this indemnification, advancement and/or reimbursement is, to the extent applicable, subject to the indemnification agreement that each officer and director previously entered into with the Company, which includes an undertaking to repay any expenses advanced if it is ultimately determined that the officer or director was not entitled to indemnification under such agreements and applicable law. In addition, the Company is also providing indemnification, advancement and/or reimbursement for costs related to (i) a formal order of investigation issued by the SEC on January 4, 2017 directed primarily at certain of the issues that the Special Committee reviewed and (ii) any related civil or administrative proceedings against the Company as well as officers currently or previously associated with the Company.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016, the fees and expenses paid by the Company included $343 thousand and $0, respectively, incurred by the Company's General Counsel John Grosvenor. For indemnification costs paid for former executive officers or directors, see Transactions with Former Related Parties below.
Sabal Loan. On September 5, 2017 John A. Bogler became the Chief Financial Officer of the Company and the Bank. Mr. Bogler is a founding member, and since 2015 and up until his employment with the Company, was a board member and Chief Financial Officer, of Sabal Capital Partners, LLC. Sabal Capital Partners, LLC is the sole owner of Sabal Opportunities Fund I, LLC, which in turn is the sole owner of Sabal TL1, LLC (together, Sabal). Mr. Bogler remains a material owner of Sabal. Effective June 26, 2015, the Bank provided a $35.0 million committed revolving repurchase facility, which was increased to $40.0 million effective June 11, 2017, to Sabal TL1, LLC, with a maximum funding amount of $100.0 million in certain situations.
Under the Sabal repurchase facility, commercial mortgage loans originated by Sabal are purchased from Sabal by the Bank, together with a simultaneous agreement by Sabal to repurchase the commercial mortgage loans from the Bank at a future date. The advances under the Sabal repurchase facility are secured by commercial mortgage loans that have a market value in excess of the balance of the advances under the facility. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016, the largest aggregate amount of principal outstanding under the Sabal repurchase facility was $94.7 million and $55.1 million, respectively. The amount outstanding as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 was $34.7 million and $22.6 million, respectively. Interest on the outstanding balance under the Sabal repurchase facility accrues at the six month LIBOR rate plus a margin. $450.5 million and $514.1 million in principal, respectively, and $895 thousand and $1.1 million in interest, respectively, was paid by Sabal on the facility to the Bank during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016.
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Underwriting Services. Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc., a Stifel company, acted as an underwriter of public offerings of the Company’s securities in 2016, 2015 and 2014, and also acted as financial advisor for the Company's sale of its Commercial Equipment Finance Division in 2016. Halle J. Benett, a director of the Company and the Bank, was employed as a Managing Director and Head of the Diversified Financials Group at Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc. until August 31, 2016 and is entitled to receive compensation for certain deals that close subsequent to August 31, 2016 that he originated or actively managed (none involving the Company or the Bank). In addition, Mr. Benett agreed to provide unpaid consulting services to Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc., for a small number of transactions (none involving the Company or the Bank) through December 31, 2016.
The details of the financial advisory services are as follows:

• | On October 27, 2016, the Company sold its Commercial Equipment Finance Division to Hanmi Bank, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hanmi Financial Corporation (Hanmi). Beginning on February 1, 2016, Keefe, Bruyette & Woods provided financial advisory and investment banking services to the Company with respect the possible sale of the division and, contingent upon the closing of the sale, received a non-refundable contingent fee from the Company of $516 thousand (less expenses, the amount was $500 thousand).

The details of the underwritten public offerings are as follows:

• | On March 8, 2016, the Company issued and sold 5,577,500 shares of its voting common stock. Pursuant to an underwriting agreement entered into with the Company for that offering on March 2, 2016, Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc. received gross underwriting fees and commissions from the Company of approximately $1.0 million (less estimated expenses, the amount was $846 thousand).

• | On February 8, 2016, the Company issued and sold 5,000,000 depositary shares (Series E Depositary Shares) each representing a 1/40 th ownership interest in a share of 7.00 percent Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series E, with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share (equivalent to $25 per depositary share). Pursuant to an underwriting agreement entered into with the Company for that offering on February 1, 2016, Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc. received gross underwriting fees and commission from the Company of approximately $944 thousand (less estimated expenses, the amount was $849 thousand).

• | On April 8, 2015, the Company issued and sold 4,600,000 depositary shares (Series D Depositary Shares) each representing 1/40 th ownership interest in a share of 7.375 percent Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series D, with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share (equivalent to $25 per depositary share). Pursuant to an underwriting agreement entered into with the Company for that offering on March 31, 2015, Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc. received gross underwriting fees and commissions from the Company of approximately $590 thousand (less expenses, the amount was $515 thousand).

• | On April 6, 2015, the Company issued and sold $175.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 5.25 percent Senior Notes due April 15, 2025. Pursuant to a purchase agreement entered into with the Company for that offering on March 31, 2015, Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc. received gross underwriting fees and commissions from the Company of approximately $263 thousand (less expenses, the amount was $221 thousand).

• | On May 21, 2014, the Company issued and sold 5,922,500 shares of its voting common stock. Pursuant to an underwriting agreement entered into with the Company for that offering on May 15, 2014, Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc. received gross underwriting fees and commissions from the Company of approximately $521 thousand (less expenses, the amount was $481 thousand).

Legion Affiliates. As reported in an amendment to a Schedule 13D filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 23, 2017, Legion Partners Asset Management, LLC (Legion Partners), Legion Partners, L.P. I, Legion and its affiliates (collectively, the Legion Group) beneficially owned 2,938,679 shares of the Company’s voting common stock as of May 19, 2017, which the Legion Group reported represented 5.6 percent of the Company’s total shares outstanding.
Cooperation Agreement. On March 13, 2017, the Company entered into a cooperation agreement with the Legion Group (the Legion Group Cooperation Agreement). Under the terms of such agreement, among other things:

• | The Legion Group agreed to irrevocably withdraw its notice of director nomination and submission of a business proposal.

• | The Company agreed to conduct a search for two additional independent directors in collaboration with the Legion Group. In accordance with this provision, following a search initiated by the Company Board and (following entry into the Cooperation Agreement) conducted in consultation with Legion Group, the Company Board appointed Mary A. Curran and Bonnie G. Hill as new independent directors, for terms that became effective on June 9, 2017 at the conclusion of the Company's 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Ms. Curran is serving as a Class I director, for a term to expire at the Company’s 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and Dr. Hill is serving as a Class III director, for a term to expire at the Company’s 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Simultaneously with the effectiveness of their appointments to the Company Board, each of Ms. Curran and Dr. Hill was appointed as a director of the Bank.

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• | From March 13, 2017 until June 10, 2017, the day after the Company’s 2017 Annual Meeting, the Legion Group agreed to vote all the shares of the Company's voting common stock that it beneficially owned (i) in favor of the Company’s slate of directors, (ii) against any stockholder’s nominations for directors not approved and recommended by the Board and against any proposals or resolutions to remove any director and (iii) in accordance with the Board’s recommendations on all other proposals of the Board set forth in the Company’s proxy statement.

• | The Legion Group agreed to certain standstill provisions that restricted the Legion Group and its affiliates, associates and representatives, from March 13, 2017 until June 10, 2017, from, among other things, acquiring additional voting securities of the Company that would result in the Legion Group having ownership or voting interest in 10 percent or more of the outstanding shares of voting common stock, engaging in proxy solicitations in an election contest, subjecting any shares to any voting arrangements except as expressly provided in the Cooperation Agreement, making or being a proponent of a stockholder proposal, seeking to call a meeting of stockholders or solicit consents from stockholders, seeking to obtain representation on the Board except as otherwise expressly provided in the Cooperation Agreement, seeking to remove any director from the Board, seeking to amend any provision of the governing documents of the Company, or proposing or participating in certain extraordinary corporate transactions involving the Company.

• | The Company agreed to reimburse the Legion Group up to $100 thousand for its legal fees and expenses incurred in connection with its investment in the Company.

PL Capital Affiliates. As reported in an amendment to a Schedule 13D filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 10, 2017, PL Capital Advisors, LLC (PL Capital Advisors) and certain of its affiliates (collectively, the PL Capital Group) owned 3,401,719 shares of the Company’s voting common stock as of February 7, 2017, which the PL Capital Group reported represented 6.9 percent of the Company’s total shares outstanding.
Cooperation Agreement. On February 7, 2017, Richard J. Lashley, a co-founder of PL Capital Advisors, LLC, was appointed to the Boards of Directors of the Company and the Bank, which appointments became effective February 16, 2017. Mr. Lashley was appointed as a Class I director of the Company, for a term that will expire at the Company’s 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. In connection with the appointment of Mr. Lashley to the Boards, on February 8, 2017, the PL Capital Group and Mr. Lashley entered into a cooperation agreement with the Company (PL Capital Cooperation Agreement), in which PL Capital Group agreed, among other matters:

• | From February 8, 2017 until June 10, 2017 (PL Capital Restricted Period), the PL Capital Group agreed to vote all the shares of Common Stock that it beneficially owned (i) in favor of the Company’s slate of directors, (ii) against any stockholder’s nominations for directors not approved and recommended by the Company’s Board and against any proposals or resolutions to remove any director and (iii) in accordance with the recommendations by the Company’s Board on all other proposals of the Company’s Board set forth in the Company’s proxy statement.

• | In addition, during the PL Capital Restricted Period, the PL Capital Group agreed to certain standstill provisions that restricted the PL Capital Group and its affiliates, associates and representatives, during the PL Capital Restricted Period, from, among other things, acquiring additional voting securities of the Company that would result in the PL Capital Group having ownership or voting interest in 10 percent or more of the outstanding shares of voting common stock, engaging in proxy solicitations in an election contest, subjecting any shares to any voting arrangements except as expressly provided in the PL Capital Cooperation Agreement, making or being a proponent of a stockholder proposal, seeking to call a meeting of stockholders or solicit consents from stockholders, seeking to obtain representation on the Company’s Board except as otherwise expressly provided in the Cooperation Agreement, seeking to remove any director from the Company’s Board, seeking to amend any provision of the governing documents of the Company, or proposing or participating in certain extraordinary corporate transactions involving the Company.

• | Pursuant to the PL Capital Cooperation Agreement, during the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company reimbursed PL Capital Group $150 thousand for a portion of its legal fees and expenses incurred in connection with its investment in the Company.

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Patriot Affiliates. As reported in a Schedule 13D amendment filed with the SEC on November 10, 2014, Patriot’s last public filing reporting ownership of the Company’s securities, Patriot Financial Partners, L.P. (together with its affiliates referred to as Patriot Partners) owned 3,100,564 shares of the Company’s voting common stock as of November 7, 2014, which Patriot Partners reported represented 9.3 percent of the Company’s outstanding voting common stock as of that date. For the details of the transaction in which Patriot Partners acquired certain of these shares, see “Securities Purchase Agreement with Patriot” below. In connection with the appointment of W. Kirk Wycoff, a managing partner of Patriot Partners, to the Boards of Directors of the Company and the Bank (described below), Mr. Wycoff filed a Form 3 with the SEC on February 24, 2017, which reported total holdings for Patriot Partners of 2,850,564 shares.
Director. On February 9, 2017, Mr. Wycoff was appointed to the Boards of Directors of the Company and the Bank, which appointment became effective on February 16, 2017. Mr. Wycoff was appointed as a Class III director of the Company, for a term that will expire at the Company’s 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders..
From 2010 to 2015, Mr. Wycoff was a director of, and Patriot Partners was a stockholder of, Square 1 Financial, Inc. (Square 1). Douglas H. Bowers, who became President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and the Bank and a director of the Bank effective May 8, 2017 and a director of the Company on June 9, 2017 at the conclusion of the Company’s 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Square 1 from 2011 to 2015. There are no arrangements or understandings between Mr. Bowers and either Mr. Wycoff or Patriot Partners pursuant to which Mr. Bowers was selected as a director and an officer of the Company.
Securities Purchase Agreement with Patriot. As noted above, as reported in a Schedule 13D amendment filed on November 10, 2014 with the SEC, Patriot Partners owned 3,100,564 shares of the Company’s voting common stock as of November 7, 2014, which Patriot Partners reported represented 9.3 percent of the Company’s total shares outstanding as of the dates set forth in the Schedule 13D. On April 22, 2014, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (Patriot SPA) with Patriot Partners to raise a portion of the capital to be used to finance the acquisition of select assets and assumption of certain liabilities by the Bank from Banco Popular North America (BPNA) comprising BPNA's network of 20 California Branches (the BPNA Branch Acquisition), which was completed on November 8, 2014. The Patriot SPA was due to expire by its terms on October 31, 2014. Prior to such expiration, the Company and Patriot Partners entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 30, 2014 (New Patriot SPA). Pursuant to the New Patriot SPA, substantially concurrently with the BPNA Branch Acquisition, Patriot Partners purchased from the Company (i) 1,076,000 shares of its voting common stock at a price of $9.78 per share and (ii) 824,000 shares of its voting common stock at a price of $11.55 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $20.0 million. In consideration for Patriot Partners’ commitment under the New SPA and pursuant the terms of the New SPA, on the closing of the sale of such shares on November 7, 2014, the Company paid Patriot Partners an equity support payment of $538 thousand and also reimbursed Patriot Partners $100 thousand in out-of-pocket expenses.
On October 30, 2014, concurrent with the execution of the New Patriot SPA, Patriot and the Company entered into a Settlement Agreement and Release (the Settlement Agreement) in order to resolve, without admission of any wrongdoing by either party, a prior dispute regarding, among other things, the proper interpretation of certain provisions of the SPA, including but not limited to the computation of the purchase price per share (the Dispute). Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, Patriot and the Company released any claims they may have had against the other party with respect to the Dispute. In addition, Patriot and the Company agreed for the period beginning on the date of the Settlement Agreement and ending on December 31, 2016, that neither Patriot nor the Company would disparage the other party or its affiliates.
During the period beginning on the date of the Settlement Agreement and ending on December 31, 2016, Patriot also agreed not to:

• | institute, solicit, assist or join, as a party, any proxy solicitation, consent solicitation, board nomination or director removal relating to the Company against or involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries, affiliates, successors, assigns, directors, officers, employees, agents, attorneys or financial advisors;

• | take any action relative to the governance of the Company that would violate its passivity commitments or vote the shares of voting common stock held or controlled by it on any matters related to the election, removal or replacement of directors or the calling of any meeting related thereto, other than in accordance with management’s recommendations included in the Company’s proxy statement for any annual meeting or special meeting;

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• | form or join in a partnership, limited partnership, syndicate or other group, or solicit proxies or written consents of stockholders or conduct any other type of referendum (binding or non-binding) with respect to, or from the holders of, the voting common stock and any other securities of the Company entitled to vote in the election of directors, or securities convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, voting common stock or such other securities (such other securities, together with the voting common stock, being referred to as Voting Securities), or become a participant in or assist, encourage or advise any person in any solicitation of any proxy, consent or other authority to vote any Voting Securities; or

• | enter into any negotiations, agreements, arrangements or understandings with any person with respect to any of the foregoing or advise, assist, encourage or seek to persuade any person to take any action with respect to any of the foregoing.

The Company also agreed, during the same period, not to:

• | institute, solicit, assist or join, as a party, any proxy solicitation, consent solicitation, board nomination or director removal relating to Patriot against or involving Patriot or any of its subsidiaries, affiliates, successors, assigns, officers, partners, principals, employees, agents, attorneys or financial advisors; or

• | enter into any negotiations, agreements, arrangements or understandings with any person with respect to any of the foregoing or advise, assist, encourage or seek to persuade any person to take any action with respect to any of the foregoing.

Transactions with Former Related Parties
In addition to the transactions described above with former related parties, the Company and the Bank have engaged in transactions described below with the Company’s then (now former) directors, executive officers, and beneficial owners of more than 5 percent of the outstanding shares of the Company’s voting common stock and certain persons related to them.
Indemnification for Costs of Counsel for Former Executive Officers and Former Directors in Connection with Special Committee Investigation, SEC Investigation and Related Matters. On November 3, 2016, in connection with the investigation by the Special Committee of the Company's Board of Directors, the Company Board authorized and directed the Company to provide indemnification, advancement and/or reimbursement for the costs of separate independent counsel retained by any then-current officer or director, in their individual capacity, with respect to matters related to the investigation, and to advise them on their rights and obligations with respect to the investigation. At the direction of the Company Board, this indemnification, advancement and/or reimbursement is, to the extent applicable, subject to the indemnification agreement that each officer and director previously entered into with the Company, which includes an undertaking to repay any expenses advanced if it is ultimately determined that the officer or director was not entitled to indemnification under such agreements and applicable law. In addition, the Company is also providing indemnification, advancement and/or reimbursement for costs related to (i) a formal order of investigation issued by the SEC on January 4, 2017 directed primarily at certain of the issues that the Special Committee reviewed and (ii) any related civil or administrative proceedings against the Company as well as officers currently or previously associated with the Company.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 (excluding fees paid in January 2017), the fees and expenses paid by the Company included $2.1 million incurred by the Company’s then- (now former) Chair, President and Chief Executive Officer Steven A. Sugarman ; $999 thousand incurred by the Bank’s then- (now former) Management Vice Chair Jeffrey T. Seabold; $584 thousand jointly incurred by the Company’s then- (now former) Interim Chief Financial Officer and Chief Strategy Officer J. Francisco A. Turner and the Company’s then- (now former) Chief Financial Officer James J. McKinney; and $461 thousand incurred by the Company’s then- (now former) director Chad Brownstein. For the year ended December 31, 2016, fees and expenses incurred under the arrangement described above (which were paid in January 2017) included $573 thousand incurred by Mr. Sugarman; $57 thousand incurred by Mr. Seabold; $135 thousand incurred jointly by Messrs. Turner and McKinney; and $29 thousand incurred by Mr. Brownstein. Indemnification was paid on behalf of other former executive officers and former directors in lesser amounts for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016.
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Los Angeles Football Club Loans, Naming Rights and Sponsorship. Effective August 8, 2016, the Bank provided $40.3 million out of a $145.0 million committed construction line of credit (the Stadco Loan) to LAFC Stadium Co, LLC (Stadco) for the construction of a soccer-specific stadium for the LAFC in Los Angeles, California as well as to fund the interest and fees that become due under the Stadco Loan. LAFC is a Major League Soccer expansion franchise scheduled to debut in 2018. Also effective August 8, 2016, the Bank provided $9.7 million out of a $35.0 million committed senior secured line of credit (the Team Loan) to LAFC Sports, LLC (Team) to fund distributions to LAFC Partners, LLLP (Holdco) that will be used for stadium construction, funding interest and fees that become due under such Team Loan and to pay all other fees, costs and expenses payable by the Team in connection with project costs related to the stadium construction.
All of the outstanding equity interests in Stadco and Team are held by Holdco, and Holdco serves as sole guarantor of the Team Loan described above. Minority limited partnership interests in Holdco are held by, among others: (i) Jason Sugarman, who is the brother of the Company’s and the Bank’s then- (now former) Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, Steven A. Sugarman; and (ii) Jason Sugarman’s father-in-law, who currently serves as Executive Chairman and a member of Holdco’s board of directors, which is appointed by Holdco’s general partner and primarily functions in an advisory capacity. The foregoing statements are based primarily on information provided to the Company by Holdco through its legal counsel.
As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were $15.1 million and no outstanding advances, respectively, by the Bank under the Stadco Loan. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the largest amount of principal outstanding under the Stadco Loan was $15.1 million. The Bank collected $277 thousand and $59 thousand, respectively, in unused loan fees during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016. Interest on the outstanding balance under the Stadco Loan accrues at LIBOR plus a margin. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016, $121 thousand and $0 interest, respectively, was paid by Stadco to the Bank on the Stadco Loan.
As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were $3.5 million and no outstanding advances, respectively, by the Bank under the Team Loan. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the largest aggregate amount of principal outstanding under the Team Loan was $3.5 million. The Bank collected $84 thousand and $18 thousand, respectively, in unused loan fees during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016. Interest on the outstanding balance under the Team Loan accrues at LIBOR plus a margin. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016, $43 thousand and $0 interest, respectively, was paid by Team to the Bank on the Team Loan.
Following the closing of the Stadco Loan and the Term Loan, the Bank on August 22, 2016 reached agreement with the Team concerning, among other things, the Bank’s right to name the stadium to be operated by Stadco (the Stadium) as “Banc of California Stadium.” The August 22, 2016 agreement, which contemplated the negotiation and execution of more detailed definitive agreements between the Bank, on the one hand, and Stadco and the Team on the other hand (LAFC Transaction), also included a sponsorship relationship between the Bank and the Team with an initial term ending on the completion date of LAFC’s 15 th full Major League Soccer (MLS) season, and the Bank having a right of first offer to extend the term for an additional 10 years (LAFC Term). On February 28, 2017, the Bank executed more detailed definitive agreements with LAFC and Stadco relating to the LAFC Transaction, which are subject to MLS rules and/or approval (the LAFC Agreements).
The LAFC Agreements provide that, during the LAFC Term, the Bank will have the exclusive right to name the Stadium and will be the exclusive provider of financial services to (and the exclusive financial services sponsor of) the Team and Stadco. In connection with its right to name the Stadium, the Bank will receive, among other rights, signage (including prominent exterior signage) and related branding rights throughout the exterior and interior of the Stadium facility (including exclusive branding rights within certain designated areas and venues within the facility), will receive the right to locate a Bank branch within the Stadium facility, will receive the exclusive right to install and operate ATMs in the Stadium facility, and will receive the exclusive right to process payments and provide other financial services (with certain exceptions) throughout the facility. In addition, the Bank will receive suite access for LAFC and certain other events held at the Stadium and will receive certain hospitality, event, media and other rights ancillary to its naming rights relating to the Stadium and its sponsorship rights relating to the Team. In conjunction with the LAFC Agreements, the Company expects to decrease its other planned marketing and sponsorship expenses.
In exchange for the Bank’s rights as set forth in the LAFC Agreements, the Bank (i) paid the Team $10.0 million on March 31, 2017 and (ii) has agreed to pay the following annual aggregate amounts: for the Team’s 2018 MLS season, $5.3 million; for 2019, $5.4 million; for 2020, $5.5 million; for 2021, $5.6 million; for 2022, $5.7 million; for 2023, $5.8 million; for 2024, $5.9 million; for 2025, $6.0 million; for 2026, $6.1 million; for 2027, $6.2 million; for 2028, $6.3 million; for 2029, $6.4 million; for 2030, $6.5 million; for 2031, $6.6 million; and for 2032, $6.7 million.
As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the various entities affiliated with LAFC held $53.6 million and $76.0 million, respectively, of deposits at the Bank.
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Legal Fees and Other Matters. During July 2017, the Company and the Bank became aware that the former Chair, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and the Bank, Steven A. Sugarman, became of counsel to Michelman & Robinson, LLP, a law firm that previously provided legal services to the Bank. For legal services that were performed for the Bank over a period of more than four months, the Bank paid Michelman & Robinson, LLP approximately $330 thousand in fees during the three months ended March 31, 2017. No legal services were provided and $0 was paid to Michelman & Robinson, LLP during the six-month period from April 1, 2017 to September 30, 2017. Michelman & Robinson, LLP currently has three outstanding letters of credit with the Bank, none of which was drawn upon as of September 30, 2017, which were issued under a line of credit that was originally extended to Michelman & Robinson, LLP prior to 2008. Michelman & Robinson, LLP elected to pay in full all outstanding borrowings under the line of credit in June 2017 and, thereafter, the line of credit was terminated. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Bank reimbursed Michelman & Robinson, LLP $100 thousand in connection with a matter concerning funds wired by a third party to a deposit account Michelman & Robinson, LLP held at the Bank.
Consulting Agreement for the Bank. On August 4, 2016, the Bank entered into a Management Services Agreement with Carlos Salas, who was, at the time, the Chief Executive Officer of COR Clearing LLC (COR Clearing) and Chief Financial Officer of COR Securities Holding, Inc. (CORSHI). Steven A. Sugarman, the then- (now former) Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and the Bank, is the Chief Executive Officer, as well as a controlling equity owner, of both COR Clearing and CORSHI. For management consulting and advisory services provided to the Bank through the termination of the management services agreement on November 30, 2016, Mr. Salas earned $108 thousand in fees. On December 1, 2016, Mr. Salas became a full-time employee of the Bank and tendered his resignation from his positions as Chief Executive Officer of COR Clearing and Chief Financial Officer of CORSHI effective upon the orderly transition of his duties, but in no case later than March 31, 2017. Mr. Salas earned $17 thousand as a full time employee of the Bank during the year ended December 31, 2016. Mr. Salas separated from the Bank on February 1, 2017.
TCW Affiliates. TCW Shared Opportunity Fund V, L.P. (SHOP V Fund), an affiliate of The TCW Group, Inc., initially became a holder of the Company’s voting common stock and non-voting common stock as a lead investor in the November 2010 recapitalization of the Company (the Recapitalization). In connection with its investment in the Recapitalization, SHOP V Fund also was issued by the Company an immediately exercisable five-year warrant (the SHOP V Fund Warrant) to purchase 240,000 shares of non-voting common stock or, to the extent provided therein, shares of voting common stock in lieu of non-voting common stock. SHOP V Fund was issued shares of non-voting common stock in the Recapitalization because at that time, a controlling interest in TCW Asset Management Company, the investment manager to SHOP V Fund, was held by a foreign banking organization, and in order to prevent SHOP V Fund from being considered a bank holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, the number of shares of voting common stock it purchased in the Recapitalization had to be limited to 4.99 percent of the total number of shares of voting common stock outstanding immediately following the Recapitalization. For the same reason, the SHOP V Fund Warrant could be exercised by SHOP V Fund for voting common stock in lieu of non-voting common stock only to the extent SHOP V Fund's percentage ownership of the voting common stock at the time of exercise would be less than 4.99 percent as a result of dilution occurring from additional issuances of voting common stock subsequent to the Recapitalization.
In 2013, the foreign banking organization sold its controlling interest in TCW Asset Management Company, eliminating the need to limit SHOP V Fund's percentage ownership of the voting common stock to 4.99 percent. As a result, on May 29, 2013, the Company and SHOP V Fund entered into a Common Stock Share Exchange Agreement, dated May 29, 2013 (Exchange Agreement), pursuant to which SHOP V Fund could from time to time exchange its shares of non-voting common stock for shares of voting common stock issued by the Company on a share-for-share basis, provided that immediately following any such exchange, SHOP V Fund's percentage ownership of voting common stock did not exceed 9.99 percent. The shares of non-voting common stock that could be exchanged by SHOP V Fund pursuant to the Exchange Agreement included the shares of non-voting common stock it purchased in the Recapitalization, the additional shares of non-voting common stock SHOP V Fund acquired subsequent to the Recapitalization pursuant to the Company’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan and any additional shares of non-voting common stock that SHOP V Fund acquired pursuant to its exercise of the SHOP V Fund Warrant.
On December 10, 2014, SHOP V Fund and two affiliated entities, Crescent Special Situations Fund Legacy V, L.P. (CSSF Legacy V) and Crescent Special Situations Fund Investor Group, L.P. (CSSF Investor Group), entered into a Contribution, Distribution and Sale Agreement pursuant to which SHOP V Fund agreed to transfer shares of non-voting common stock and portions of the SHOP V Fund Warrant to CSSF Legacy V and CSSF Investor Group. Also on December 10, 2014, SHOP V Fund, CSSF Legacy V, CSSF Investor Group and the Company entered into an Assignment and Assumption Agreement pursuant to which all of SHOP V Fund’s rights and obligations under the Exchange Agreement with respect to the shares of non-voting common stock transferred by it to CSSF Legacy V and CSSF Investor Group pursuant to the Contribution, Distribution and Sale Agreement were assigned to CSSF Legacy V and CSSF Investor Group, including the right of SHOP V Fund to exchange such shares for shares of voting common stock on a one-for-one basis.
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Based on a Schedule 13G amendment filed with the SEC on February 12, 2015, The TCW Group's last public filing reporting ownership of the Company's securities, as of December 31, 2014, The TCW Group, Inc. and its affiliates held 1,318,462 shares of voting common stock (which included, for purposes of this calculation, the 240,000 shares of stock underlying the as yet unexercised SHOP V Fund Warrant). On June 3, 2013, January 5, 2015, January 20, 2015, and March 16, 2015, SHOP V Fund or CSSF Legacy V or CSSF Investor Group exchanged 550,000 shares, 522,564 shares, 86,620 shares, and 934 shares, respectively, of non-voting common stock for the same number of shares of voting common stock. In addition, on August 3, 2015, the SHOP V Fund Warrant, which was held in separate portions by CSSF Legacy V and CSSF Investor Group, was exercised in full using a cashless (net) exercise, resulting in a net number of shares of non-voting common stock issued in the aggregate of 70,690, which were immediately thereafter exchanged for an aggregate of 70,690 shares of voting common stock. Based on automatic adjustments to the original $11.00 exercise price of the SHOP V Fund Warrant, the exercise price at the time of exercise was $9.13 per share. As a result of these exchanges and exercises The TCW Group, Inc. and its affiliates no longer hold any shares of non-voting common stock or warrants to acquire stock. Based on TCW Group's prior report of owning 1,318,462 shares of the Company’s voting common stock, TCW Group, Inc. would have owned 3.5 percent of the Company’s outstanding voting common stock as of December 31, 2015.
Oaktree Affiliates. As reported in a Schedule 13G filed with the SEC on January 16, 2015, OCM BOCA Investor, LLC (OCM), an affiliate of Oaktree Capital Management, L.P., owned 3,288,947 shares of the Company’s voting common stock as of November 7, 2014, which OCM reported represented 9.9 percent of the Company’s total shares outstanding as of the dates set forth in the Schedule 13G. For the details of the transaction in which OCM acquired these shares, see “Securities Purchase Agreement with Oaktree” below. However, as reported in a Schedule 13G amendment filed with the SEC on February 12, 2016 OCM and its affiliates owned 671,702 shares of the Company’s voting common stock as of December 31, 2015, which OCM reported represented less than 5 percent of the Company’s total shares outstanding.
Loans. Effective September 30, 2015, the Bank provided a $15.0 million committed revolving line of credit, which was increased to $20.0 million effective as of March 7, 2017, to Teleios LS Holdings DE, LLC and Teleios LS Holdings II DE, LLC (Teleios), which generate income through the purchase, monitoring, maintenance and maturity of life insurance policies. At the time the facility was executed, the Teleios entities were hedge funds in which Oaktree Capital Management L.P. or one of its affiliates was a controlling investor.
Advances under the Teleios line of credit are secured by life insurance policies purchased by Teleios that have a market value in excess of the balance of the advances under the line of credit. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, outstanding advances by the Bank under the Teleios line of credit were $16.0 million and $15.0 million, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016, the largest aggregate amount of principal outstanding under the Teleios line of credit were $20.0 million and $15.0 million, respectively. Interest on the outstanding balance under the Teleios line of credit accrues at the Prime Rate plus a margin. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016, $4.0 million and $2.0 million in principal, respectively, and $757 thousand and $462 thousand in interest, respectively, was paid by Teleios on the line of credit to the Bank.
Effective June 26, 2015, the Bank provided a $35.0 million committed revolving repurchase facility, which was increased to $40.0 million (the Sabal repurchase facility) effective June 11, 2017, to Sabal TL1, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, with a maximum funding amount of $100.0 million in certain situations. At the time the facility was executed, Sabal TL1, LLC was controlled by an affiliate of Oaktree Capital Management, L.P. and effective September 15, 2015, Sabal was no longer controlled by Oaktree Capital Management, L.P. For more information about the facility, see above under "Transactions with Current Related Parties, Sabal Loan."
Securities Purchase Agreement with Oaktree. As noted above, as reported in a Schedule 13G filed with the SEC on January 16, 2015, OCM owned 3,288,947 shares of the Company’s voting common stock. OCM purchased these shares from the Company on November 7, 2014 at a price of $9.78 per share pursuant to a securities purchase agreement entered into on April 22, 2014 (and amended on October 28, 2014) in order for the Company to raise a portion of the capital to be used to finance the BPNA Branch Acquisition, which was completed on November 8, 2014. In consideration for its commitment under the securities purchase agreement, OCM was paid at closing an equity support payment from the Company of $1.6 million.
Management Services. Approximately nine months before OCM became a stockholder of the Company, certain affiliates of Oaktree Capital Management, L.P. (collectively, the Oaktree Funds) entered into a management agreement, effective January 30, 2014, as amended (the Management Agreement), with The Palisades Group, which was then a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.
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Pursuant to the Management Agreement, The Palisades Group serves as the credit manager of pools of SFR mortgage loans held in securitization trusts or other vehicles beneficially owned by the Oaktree Funds. Under the Management Agreement, The Palisades Group is paid a monthly management fee primarily based on the amount of certain designated pool assets and may earn additional fees for advice related to financing opportunities. During the period from January 1, 2016 through May 5, 2016 (the date the Company sold its membership interests in The Palisades Group) and the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Oaktree Funds paid The Palisades Group $1.0 million, $5.1 million, and $5.3 million as management fees, respectively, which in some instances represents fees for partial year services. In addition to the Management Agreement, the Bank may from time to time in the future enter into lending transactions with portfolio companies of investment funds managed by Oaktree Capital Management, L.P.
St. Cloud Affiliates. On November 24, 2014, the Bank invested as a limited partner in an affiliate of St. Cloud Capital LLC (St. Cloud). Based on a Schedule 13G amendment filed with the SEC on February 14, 2012, St. Cloud's last public filing reporting ownership of the Company securities, St. Cloud reported holding 700,538 shares of the Company’s voting common stock (approximately 1.4 percent of the Company's outstanding voting common shares as of December 31, 2015). The affiliate is St. Cloud Capital Partners III SBIC, LP (the Partnership), which applied for a license granted by the U.S. Small Business Administration to operate as a debenture Small Business Investment Company (SBIC) under the Small Business Investment Act of 1958 and the regulations promulgated thereunder. The Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 expressly identifies an investment by a bank in an SBIC as a type of investment that is presumed by the regulatory agencies to promote economic development. The Boards of Directors of the Company and the Bank approved the Bank’s investment. The Bank has agreed to invest a minimum of $5.0 million, but up to $7.5 million as long as the Bank’s limited partnership interest in the Partnership remains under 9.9 percent.
Other affiliated funds of St. Cloud have previously invested in CORSHI, of which Steven A. Sugarman (the former Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and the Bank) is the Chief Executive Officer as well as a controlling stockholder (both directly and indirectly). St. Cloud Capital Partners III SBIC, LP has provided oral representations to the Bank that the Partnership will not make any investments in COR Securities Holdings, Inc.
As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, St. Cloud entities held $0 and $1 thousand, respectively, in deposits at the Bank.
Consulting Services to the Company. On May 15, 2014, the disinterested members of the Board of Directors of the Company approved a strategic advisor agreement with Chrisman & Co. pursuant to which Chrisman & Co. would provide strategic advisory services for the Company. Timothy Chrisman, who retired from the Company’s Board on May 15, 2014 upon the expiration of the term of his directorship after the Company’s 2014 annual meeting of stockholders, is the Chief Executive Officer and founding principal of Chrisman & Co. The term of the strategic advisor agreement was for a period of one year, which ended on May 15, 2015. For services performed during the term of the agreement, a fixed annual advisory fee of $200 thousand was paid to Chrisman & Co. during the year ended December 31, 2014 and no additional fees were paid during the year ended December 31, 2015.
Consulting Services to The Palisades Group. The Company completed the sale of its subsidiary, The Palisades Group, on May 5, 2016, which it originally acquired on September 10, 2013. The information included herein is based on information known to the Company as of May 5, 2016, the date the Company completed the sale of The Palisades Group. Effective as of July 1, 2013, prior to the Company’s acquisition of The Palisades Group, The Palisades Group entered into a consulting agreement with Jason Sugarman, the brother of the Company’s and the Bank’s then- (now former) Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, Steven A. Sugarman. Jason Sugarman has historically provided advisory services to financial institutions and other institutional clients related to investments in residential mortgages, real estate and real estate related assets and The Palisades Group entered into the consulting agreement with Jason Sugarman to provide these types of services. The consulting agreement is for a term of five years, with a minimum payment of $30 thousand owed at the end of each quarter (or $600 thousand in aggregate quarterly payments over the five-year term of the agreement). These payments do not include any bonuses that may be earned under the agreement. Effective as of March 26, 2015, the bonus amount earned by Jason Sugarman for consulting services he provided during the year ended December 31, 2014 was credited in satisfaction and full discharge of all then currently accrued but unpaid quarterly payments as well as any future quarterly payments specified under the consulting agreement, but not against any future bonuses that he may earn under the consulting agreement. During the period from January 1, 2016 through May 5, 2016 (the date the Company sold its membership interests in The Palisades Group), no bonus amounts were earned by Jason Sugarman under the consulting agreement. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 base and bonus amounts earned by Jason Sugarman under the consulting agreement totaled $30 thousand, $1.2 million, and $121 thousand, respectively.
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The consulting agreement may be terminated at any time by either The Palisades Group or Jason Sugarman upon 30 days prior written notice. The consulting agreement with Jason Sugarman was reviewed as a related party transaction and approved by the then-acting Compensation, Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and approved by the disinterested directors of the Board. As of May 5, 2016, the Company has no direct or indirect obligation under the consulting agreement, as the agreement was entered into between Jason Sugarman and The Palisades Group, and the Company completed the sale of The Palisades Group on that date.
Lease Payment Reimbursements for The Palisades Group. At the time it was acquired by the Company, The Palisades Group occupied premises in Santa Monica, California leased by COR Securities Holding, Inc. (CORSHI). Steven A. Sugarman, the then- (now former) Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and the Bank, is the Chief Executive Officer, as well as a controlling stockholder (both directly and indirectly), of CORSHI. In light of the benefit received by The Palisades Group of its occupancy of the Santa Monica premises, the disinterested directors of the Company’s Board ratified reimbursement to CORSHI for rental payments made for the Santa Monica premises for the period from September 16, 2013 through June 27, 2014, the last date The Palisades Group occupied the premises. The Palisades Group negotiated with an unaffiliated third party a lease for new premises and occupied those premises on June 27, 2014.
The aggregate amount of rent payments reimbursed to CORSHI from September 16, 2013 through December 30, 2013 were $40 thousand. In addition, the Company reimbursed CORSHI for a $34 thousand security deposit and The Palisades Group, in turn, reimbursed the Company for this cost. For the period from January 1, 2014 through June 27, 2014, CORSHI granted The Palisades Group a rent abatement equal to the $34 thousand security deposit and, combined with additional payments, The Palisades Group paid leasing costs totaling $58 thousand to CORSHI for that same time period. The then-acting Compensation, Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of the Board monitored all the reimbursement costs and reviewed the aggregate reimbursement costs.
CS Financial Acquisition. Effective October 31, 2013, the Company acquired CS Financial, which was controlled by Jeffrey T. Seabold and in which certain relatives of Steven A. Sugarman (the then- (now former) Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and the Bank) directly or through their affiliated entities also owned certain minority, non-controlling interests. Mr. Seabold previously served as Management Vice Chair of the Bank and also held prior positions as a director of the Company and the Bank; on September 5, 2017, Mr. Seabold submitted a notice of termination of employment as Management Vice Chair of the Bank pursuant to his employment agreement with the Bank effective immediately.
CS Financial Services Agreement. On December 27, 2012, the Company entered into a Management Services Agreement (Services Agreement) with CS Financial. On December 27, 2012, Mr. Seabold was then a member of the Board of Directors of each of the Company and the Bank. Under the Services Agreement, CS Financial agreed to provide the Bank such reasonably requested financial analysis, management consulting, knowledge sharing, training services and general advisory services as the Bank and CS Financial mutually agreed upon with respect to the Bank’s residential mortgage lending business, including strategic plans and business objectives, compliance function, monitoring, reporting and related systems, and policies and procedures, at a monthly fee of $100 thousand. The Services Agreement was recommended by disinterested members of management of the Bank and negotiated and approved by special committees of the Board of Directors of each of the Company and the Bank (Special Committees), comprised exclusively of independent, disinterested directors of the Boards. Each of the Boards of Directors of the Bank and the Company also considered and approved the Services Agreement, upon the recommendation of the Special Committees.
On May 13, 2013, the Bank hired Mr. Seabold as Managing Director and Chief Lending Officer by entering into a three-year employment agreement with Mr. Seabold (the 2013 Employment Agreement, which was amended and restated effective as of April 1, 2015). Mr. Seabold was appointed Chief Banking Officer of the Bank on April 1, 2015 and was then appointed as Executive Vice President, Management Vice Chair on July 26, 2016. Simultaneously with entering into the 2013 Employment Agreement, the Bank terminated, with immediate effect, its Services Agreement with CS Financial. For the year ended December 31, 2013, the total compensation paid to CS Financial under the Services Agreement was $439 thousand.
Option to Acquire CS Financial. Under the 2013 Employment Agreement, Mr. Seabold granted to the Company and the Bank an option (CS Call Option), to acquire CS Financial for a purchase price of $10.0 million, payable pursuant to the terms provided under the 2013 Employment Agreement. Based upon the recommendation of the Special Committees, with the assistance of outside financial and legal advisors and consultants, the Boards of Directors of the Company and the Bank, with Mr. Sugarman recusing himself from the discussions and vote due to previously disclosed conflicts of interest, approved the recommendation of the Special Committees and, pursuant to a letter dated July 29, 2013, the Company indicated that the CS Call Option was being exercised by the Bank, subject to the negotiation and execution of definitive transaction documentation consistent with the applicable provisions of the 2013 Employment Agreement and the satisfaction of the terms and conditions set forth therein.
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Merger Agreement. After exercise of the CS Call Option as described above, the Company and the Bank entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (Merger Agreement) with CS Financial, the stockholders of CS Financial (Sellers) and Mr. Seabold, as the Sellers’ Representative, and completed its acquisition of CS Financial on October 31, 2013 (Merger).
Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, which was approved by the Board of Directors of each of the Company, the Bank and CS Financial, at the effective time of the Merger, the outstanding shares of common stock of CS Financial were converted into the right to receive in the aggregate: (i) upon the closing of the Merger, (a) 173,791 shares (Closing Date Shares) of voting common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company, and (b) $1.5 million in cash and $3.2 million in the form of a noninterest-bearing note issued by the Company to Mr. Seabold that was due and paid by the Company on January 2, 2014; and (i) upon the achievement of certain performance targets by the Bank’s lending activities following the closing of the Merger that are set forth in the Merger Agreement, up to 92,781 shares (Performance Shares) of voting common stock ((i) and (ii), together, Merger Consideration).
Seller Stock Consideration. The Sellers under the Merger Agreement included Mr. Seabold, and the following relatives of Steven A. Sugarman: Jason Sugarman (brother), Elizabeth Sugarman (sister-in-law), and Michael Sugarman (father), who each owned minority, non-controlling interests in CS Financial.
Upon the closing of the Merger and pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, the aggregate shares of voting common stock issued as the consideration to the Sellers was 173,791 shares, which was allocated by the Sellers and issued as follows: (i) 103,663 shares to Mr. Seabold; (ii) 16,140 shares to Jason Sugarman; (iii) 16,140 shares to Elizabeth Sugarman; (iv) 3,228 shares to Michael Sugarman; and (v) 34,620 shares to certain employees of CS Financial. Of the 103,663 shares to be issued to Mr. Seabold, as allowed under the Merger Agreement and in consideration of repayment of a certain debt incurred by CS Financial owed to an entity controlled by Elizabeth Sugarman, Mr. Seabold requested the Company to issue all 103,663 shares directly to Elizabeth Sugarman, and such shares were so issued by the Company to Elizabeth Sugarman.
On October 31, 2014, certain of the Performance Shares were issued as follows: (i) 28,545 shares to Mr. Seabold; (ii) 1,082 shares to Jason Sugarman; (iii) 1,082 shares to Elizabeth Sugarman; and (iv) 216 shares to Michael Sugarman. An additional portion of the Performance Shares was issued on November 2, 2015 as follows: (i) 28,545 shares to Mr. Seabold; (ii) 1,082 shares to Jason Sugarman; (iii) 1,082 shares to Elizabeth Sugarman; and (iv) 216 shares to Michael Sugarman. The final tranche of the Performance Shares were issued on October 31, 2016 as follows: (i) 28,547 shares to Mr. Seabold; (ii) 1,083 shares to Jason Sugarman; (iii) 1,083 shares to Elizabeth Sugarman and (iv) 218 shares to Michael Sugarman.
Approval of the CS Call Option, Merger Agreement and Merger. All decisions and actions with respect to the exercise of the CS Agreement Option, the Merger Agreement and the Merger (including without limitation the determination of the Merger Consideration and the other material terms of the Merger Agreement) were subject to under the purview and authority of special committees of the Board of Directors of each of the Company and the Bank, each of which was composed exclusively of independent, disinterested directors of the Boards of Directors, with the assistance of outside financial and legal advisors. Mr. Sugarman abstained from the vote of each of the Boards of Directors of the Company and the Bank to approve the Merger Agreement and the Merger.
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NOTE 22 – LITIGATION
From time to time we are involved as plaintiff or defendant in various legal actions arising in the normal course of business. The Company was named as a defendant in several complaints filed in the United States District Court for the Central District of California in January 2017 alleging violations of sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The complaints were brought as purported class actions on behalf of stockholders who purchased shares of the Company’s common stock between varying dates, inclusive of August 7, 2015 through January 23, 2017. Those actions were consolidated, a lead plaintiff was appointed, and the lead plaintiff filed a Consolidated Amended Complaint on May 31, 2017. The defendants moved to dismiss the Consolidated Amended Complaint. On September 18, 2017, the district court granted in part and denied in part Defendants’ motions to dismiss. Specifically, the court denied the defendants’ motions as to the Company’s April 15, 2016 Proxy Statement which listed the positions held by Steven A. Sugarman (the Company’s then (now former) Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer) with COR Securities Holdings Inc., COR Clearing LLC, and COR Capital LLC while omitting their alleged connections with Jason Galanis. The Company believes that the action is without merit and intends to vigorously contest it.
On September 26, 2017, a shareholder derivative action was filed in the United States District Court for the Central District of California against four of the Company’s directors alleging that they breached their fiduciary duties to the Company. In that action, the Company is a nominal defendant. The complaint seeks monetary and equitable relief on behalf of the Company. The Company believes that the shareholder was required to, but failed to, make a demand on the Company to bring such claims, and that the failure of the shareholder to make a demand requires dismissal of the action.
On September 5, 2017, Jeffrey Seabold, a former officer of the Company and the Bank, filed a complaint in the Los Angeles Superior Court against the Company and multiple unnamed defendants asserting claims for breach of contract, wrongful termination, retaliation and unfair business practices. Mr. Seabold alleges that he was constructively terminated as a Company and Bank employee and seeks in excess of $5 million in damages. The Company and the Bank believe that the action is without merit and intend to vigorously contest it.
NOTE 23 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company evaluated events from the date of the consolidated financial statements on September 30, 2017 through the issuance of these consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and determined that no significant events were identified requiring recognition or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements.
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ITEM 2 – MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following is management’s discussion and analysis of the major factors that influenced our results of operations and financial condition as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. This analysis should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 and with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP and general practices within the banking industry. Within these financial statements, certain financial information contains approximate measurements of financial effects of transactions and impacts at the consolidated statements of financial condition dates and our results of operations for the reporting periods. As certain accounting policies require significant estimates and assumptions that have a material impact on the carrying value of assets and liabilities, we have established critical accounting policies to facilitate making the judgment necessary to prepare financial statements. Our critical accounting policies are described in the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” and in the “Critical Accounting Policies” section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 and in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, “Significant Accounting Policies” in this Form 10-Q.
Purchased Credit Impaired Loans: The Company did not have PCI loans at September 30, 2017, due mainly to the sale of seasoned SFR mortgage PCI loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2017. As a result, the accounting policy for PCI loans is no longer considered to be a critical accounting policy.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted: The following are recently issued accounting pronouncements applicable to the Company that have not yet been adopted:
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” The amendments in this Update outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. This Update is based on the principle that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This Update also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to fulfill a contract. This Update as amended by ASU 2015-14, ASU 2016-08, ASU 2016-10, ASU 2016-12 and ASU 2016-20, is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and entities have the option of using either a modified retrospective or full retrospective approach for the adoption. The Company’s revenue streams primarily consist of net interest income and noninterest income. The scope of this Update explicitly excludes net interest income, as well as other revenues from financial instruments such as loans, leases, and securities. Certain noninterest income revenue items such as service charges on deposits accounts, gain and loss on other real estate owned sales, and other income items are in the scope of this Update. However, the Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-05, “Other Income - Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets.” The amendments in this Update clarify the scope and application of ASC 610-20 on the sale or transfer of nonfinancial assets, including real estate, and in substance nonfinancial assets to noncustomers, including partial sales. An entity should identify each distinct nonfinancial asset or in substance nonfinancial asset promised to a counterparty and derecognize each asset when a counterparty obtains control of it. An in substance nonfinancial asset is an asset within a contract or subsidiary in which substantially all of the fair value of the asset is concentrated in a nonfinancial asset. In addition, the amendment requires an entity to derecognize a distinct nonfinancial asset or in substance nonfinancial asset in a partial sale transaction when the entity does not retain a controlling financial interest in the legal entity that holds the asset and an entity transfers control of the asset. Once control is transferred, any non-controlling interest received is required to be measured at fair value. The effective date of the new guidance is aligned with the requirements in the new revenue standard, which is effective for public business entities in annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact that adoption of this guidance may have on its consolidated financial statements.
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In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-08, “Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities." The amendments in this Update shorten the amortization period for certain callable debt securities acquired at a premium. Specifically, the amendments require the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date. The amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount, which continue to be amortized to maturity. Public business entities must prospectively apply the amendments in this Update to annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods. The Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09. “Stock Compensation - Scope of Modification Accounting (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting” The amendments in this Update provide guidance on when changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award are to be accounted for as modifications. Under the new guidance, entities are not required to apply modification accounting to a share-based payment award when the award’s fair value, vesting conditions, and classification as an entity or a liability instrument remain the same after the change. The new guidance is effective for all entities beginning after December 15, 2017 including interim periods within the fiscal year. Early adoption is permitted. Upon adoption, the guidance will be applied prospectively to awards modified on or after the adoption date. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact that adoption of this guidance may have on its consolidated financial statements.
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12. “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities” The amendments in this Update are to better reflect the economic results of hedging in the financial statements along with simplification of certain hedge accounting requirements. Specifically, the entire change in the fair value of the hedging instrument is required to be presented in the same income statement line as and in the same period that the earnings effect of the hedged item is recognized. Therefore, hedge ineffectiveness will not be reported separately or in a different period. In addition, hedge effectiveness can be determined qualitatively in periods following inception. The amendments permit an entity to measure the change in fair value of the hedged item on the basis of the benchmark rate component. They also permit an entity to measure the hedged item in a partial-term fair value hedge of interest rate risk by assuming the hedged item has a term that reflects only the designated cash flows being hedged. For a closed portfolio of prepayable financial assets, an entity is permitted to designate the amount that is not expected to be affected by prepayments or defaults as the hedged item. For public business entities, the new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods therein. The early adoption is permitted. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact that adoption of this guidance may have on its consolidated financial statements.
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SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following table presents certain selected financial data as of the dates or for the periods indicated:

| As of or For the Three Months Ended September 30, |  | As of or For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| ($ in thousands, except per share data)
Selected financial condition data: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total assets | $ | 10,280,028 |  |  | $ | 11,216,404 |  |  | $ | 10,280,028 |  |  | $ | 11,216,404 |
Cash and cash equivalents | 611,826 |  |  | 372,603 |  |  | 611,826 |  |  | 372,603 |
Loans and leases receivable, net | 6,181,825 |  |  | 6,528,558 |  |  | 6,181,825 |  |  | 6,528,558 |
Loans held-for-sale | 50,130 |  |  | 358,892 |  |  | 50,130 |  |  | 358,892 |
Other real estate owned, net | 3,682 |  |  | 275 |  |  | 3,682 |  |  | 275 |
Securities available-for-sale | 2,755,664 |  |  | 1,941,588 |  |  | 2,755,664 |  |  | 1,941,588 |
Securities held-to-maturity | — |  |  | 962,315 |  |  | — |  |  | 962,315 |
Bank owned life insurance | 104,292 |  |  | 101,909 |  |  | 104,292 |  |  | 101,909 |
Time deposits in financial institutions | 1,000 |  |  | 1,500 |  |  | 1,000 |  |  | 1,500 |
FHLB and other bank stock | 67,063 |  |  | 69,190 |  |  | 67,063 |  |  | 69,190 |
Assets of discontinued operations | 59,575 |  |  | 546,357 |  |  | 59,575 |  |  | 546,357 |
Deposits | 7,403,593 |  |  | 9,078,319 |  |  | 7,403,593 |  |  | 9,078,319 |
Total borrowings | 1,679,385 |  |  | 996,482 |  |  | 1,679,385 |  |  | 996,482 |
Liabilities of discontinued operation | 12,500 |  |  | 25,813 |  |  | 12,500 |  |  | 25,813 |
Total stockholders' equity | 1,013,908 |  |  | 971,424 |  |  | 1,013,908 |  |  | 971,424 |
Selected operations data: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total interest and dividend income | $ | 96,751 |  |  | $ | 98,122 |  |  | $ | 292,033 |  |  | $ | 270,113 |
Total interest expense | 21,715 |  |  | 15,274 |  |  | 61,016 |  |  | 42,700 |
Net interest income | 75,036 |  |  | 82,848 |  |  | 231,017 |  |  | 227,413 |
Provision for loan and lease losses | 3,561 |  |  | 2,592 |  |  | 8,647 |  |  | 4,682 |
Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses | 71,475 |  |  | 80,256 |  |  | 222,370 |  |  | 222,731 |
Total noninterest income | 18,365 |  |  | 22,030 |  |  | 38,975 |  |  | 66,126 |
Total noninterest expense | 75,671 |  |  | 86,123 |  |  | 241,886 |  |  | 210,320 |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 14,169 |  |  | 16,163 |  |  | 19,459 |  |  | 78,537 |
Income tax (benefit) expense | (3,939 | ) |  | (9,016 | ) |  | (23,163 | ) |  | 16,292 |
Income from continuing operations | 18,108 |  |  | 25,179 |  |  | 42,622 |  |  | 62,245 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes | (1,958 | ) |  | 18,574 |  |  | 6,399 |  |  | 33,952 |
Income tax (benefit) expense | (799 | ) |  | 7,816 |  |  | 2,614 |  |  | 14,045 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | (1,159 | ) |  | 10,758 |  |  | 3,785 |  |  | 19,907 |
Net income | 16,949 |  |  | 35,937 |  |  | 46,407 |  |  | 82,152 |
Dividends paid on preferred stock | 5,112 |  |  | 5,112 |  |  | 15,338 |  |  | 14,801 |
Net income available to common stockholders | 11,837 |  |  | 30,825 |  |  | 31,069 |  |  | 67,351 |
Basic earnings per total common share |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income from continued operations | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.38 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |  |  | $ | 0.99 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | (0.02 | ) |  | 0.22 |  |  | $ | 0.08 |  |  | $ | 0.43 |
Net income | 0.23 |  |  | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 1.42 |
Diluted earnings per total common share |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income from continued operations | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.38 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |  |  | $ | 0.97 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | (0.02 | ) |  | 0.21 |  |  | $ | 0.07 |  |  | $ | 0.43 |
Net income | 0.23 |  |  | 0.59 |  |  | $ | 0.59 |  |  | $ | 1.40 |
Performance ratios of consolidated operations: (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Return on average assets | 0.67 | % |  | 1.32 | % |  | 0.58 | % |  | 1.11 | %

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| As of or For the Three Months Ended September 30, |  | As of or For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| ($ in thousands, except per share data)
Return on average equity | 6.69 | % |  | 14.76 | % |  | 6.16 | % |  | 12.51 | %
Return on average tangible common equity (2) | 7.16 | % |  | 19.51 | % |  | 6.46 | % |  | 16.84 | %
Dividend payout ratio (3) | 56.52 | % |  | 20.00 | % |  | 65.00 | % |  | 25.35 | %
Net interest spread | 2.92 | % |  | 3.18 | % |  | 2.96 | % |  | 3.22 | %
Net interest margin (4) | 3.15 | % |  | 3.32 | % |  | 3.14 | % |  | 3.36 | %
Ratio of noninterest expense to average total assets | 3.10 | % |  | 4.55 | % |  | 3.79 | % |  | 4.22 | %
Efficiency ratio (5) | 83.36 | % |  | 76.90 | % |  | 89.74 | % |  | 72.79 | %
Efficiency ratio, as adjusted (2), (5) | 72.49 | % |  | 62.38 | % |  | 77.58 | % |  | 67.23 | %
Average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities | 123.99 | % |  | 123.29 | % |  | 122.82 | % |  | 124.18 | %
Asset quality ratios: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
ALLL | $ | 45,072 |  |  | $ | 40,233 |  |  | $ | 45,072 |  |  | $ | 40,233 |
Nonperforming loans and leases | 12,275 |  |  | 35,223 |  |  | 12,275 |  |  | 35,223 |
Nonperforming assets | 15,957 |  |  | 35,498 |  |  | 15,957 |  |  | 35,498 |
Nonperforming assets to total assets | 0.16 | % |  | 0.32 | % |  | 0.16 | % |  | 0.32 | %
ALLL to nonperforming loans and leases | 367.19 | % |  | 114.22 | % |  | 367.19 | % |  | 114.22 | %
ALLL to total loans and leases | 0.72 | % |  | 0.61 | % |  | 0.72 | % |  | 0.61 | %
Capital Ratios: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Average equity to average assets | 9.95 | % |  | 8.92 | % |  | 9.45 | % |  | 8.84 | %
Total stockholders' equity to total assets | 9.86 | % |  | 8.66 | % |  | 9.86 | % |  | 8.66 | %
Tangible common equity to tangible assets (2) | 6.82 | % |  | 5.80 | % |  | 6.82 | % |  | 5.80 | %
Book value per common share | $ | 14.74 |  |  | $ | 14.12 |  |  | $ | 14.74 |  |  | $ | 14.12 |
Tangible common equity (TCE) per common share (2) | 13.80 |  |  | 13.02 |  |  | 13.80 |  |  | 13.02 |
Book value per common share and per common share issuable under purchase contracts | 14.74 |  |  | 14.07 |  |  | 14.74 |  |  | 14.07 |
TCE per common share and per common share issuable under purchase contracts (2) | 13.80 |  |  | 12.98 |  |  | 13.80 |  |  | 12.98 |
Banc of California, Inc. |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total risk-based capital ratio | 14.48 | % |  | 12.79 | % |  | 14.48 | % |  | 12.79 | %
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio | 13.77 | % |  | 12.54 | % |  | 13.77 | % |  | 12.54 | %
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio | 9.91 | % |  | 8.85 | % |  | 9.91 | % |  | 8.85 | %
Tier 1 leverage ratio | 9.55 | % |  | 8.47 | % |  | 9.55 | % |  | 8.47 | %
Banc of California, NA |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total risk-based capital ratio | 16.39 | % |  | 14.38 | % |  | 16.39 | % |  | 14.38 | %
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio | 15.68 | % |  | 13.83 | % |  | 15.68 | % |  | 13.83 | %
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio | 15.68 | % |  | 13.83 | % |  | 15.68 | % |  | 13.83 | %
Tier 1 leverage ratio | 10.88 | % |  | 9.31 | % |  | 10.88 | % |  | 9.31 | %

(1) | Consolidated operations include both continuing and discontinued operations.

(2) | Non-GAAP measure. See Non-GAAP Financial Measures for reconciliation of the calculation.

(3) | Ratio of dividends declared per common share to basic earnings per common share.

(4) | Net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets.

(5) | Efficiency ratio represents noninterest expense as a percentage of net interest income plus noninterest income.

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Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Under Item 10(e) of SEC Regulation S-K, public companies disclosing financial measures in filings with the SEC that are not calculated in accordance with GAAP must also disclose, along with each non-GAAP financial measure, certain additional information, including a presentation of the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measure to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, as well as a statement of the reasons why the company’s management believes that presentation of the non-GAAP financial measure provides useful information to investors regarding the company’s financial condition and results of operations and, to the extent material, a statement of the additional purposes, if any, for which the company’s management uses the non-GAAP financial measure.
Return on average tangible common equity and efficiency ratio, as adjusted, tangible common equity to tangible assets, and tangible common equity per common share and tangible common equity per common share and per common share issuable under purchase contracts constitute supplemental financial information determined by methods other than in accordance with GAAP. These non-GAAP measures are used by management in its analysis of the Company's performance.
Tangible common equity is calculated by subtracting preferred stock, goodwill, and other intangible assets from stockholders’ equity. Tangible assets is calculated by subtracting goodwill and other intangible assets from total assets. Banking regulators also exclude goodwill and other intangible assets from stockholders’ equity when assessing the capital adequacy of a financial institution.
Adjusted efficiency ratio is calculated by subtracting loss on investments in alternative energy partnerships from noninterest expense and adding total pre-tax return, which includes the loss on investments in alternative energy partnerships, to the sum of net interest income and noninterest income (total revenue). Management believes the presentation of these financial measures adjusting the impact of these items provides useful supplemental information that is essential to a proper understanding of the financial results and operating performance of the Company.
This disclosure should not be viewed as a substitute for results determined in accordance with GAAP, nor is it necessarily comparable to non-GAAP performance measures that may be presented by other companies.
The following tables provide reconciliations of the non-GAAP measures with financial measures defined by GAAP.
Return on Average Tangible Common Equity

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| ($ in thousands)
Average total stockholders' equity | $ | 1,005,462 |  |  | $ | 968,684 |  |  | $ | 1,007,185 |  |  | $ | 876,922 |
Less average preferred stock | (269,071 | ) |  | (269,071 | ) |  | (269,071 | ) |  | (266,377 | )
Less average goodwill | (37,144 | ) |  | (39,244 | ) |  | (37,829 | ) |  | (39,244 | )
Less average other intangible assets | (10,760 | ) |  | (16,039 | ) |  | (11,910 | ) |  | (17,308 | )
Average tangible common equity | $ | 688,487 |  |  | $ | 644,330 |  |  | $ | 688,375 |  |  | $ | 553,993 |
Net income | $ | 16,949 |  |  | $ | 35,937 |  |  | $ | 46,407 |  |  | $ | 82,152 |
Less preferred stock dividends | (5,112 | ) |  | (5,112 | ) |  | (15,338 | ) |  | (14,801 | )
Add amortization of intangible assets | 916 |  |  | 1,179 |  |  | 3,062 |  |  | 3,823 |
Add impairment on intangible assets | — |  |  | — |  |  | 336 |  |  | — |
Less tax effect on amortization and impairment of intangible assets (1) | (321 | ) |  | (413 | ) |  | (1,189 | ) |  | (1,338 | )
Adjusted net income | $ | 12,432 |  |  | $ | 31,591 |  |  | $ | 33,278 |  |  | $ | 69,836 |
Return on average equity | 6.69 | % |  | 14.76 | % |  | 6.16 | % |  | 12.51 | %
Return on average tangible common equity | 7.16 | % |  | 19.51 | % |  | 6.46 | % |  | 16.84 | %

(1) | Utilized a 35 percent tax rate

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Efficiency ratio as adjusted to include the pre-tax effect of investments in alternative energy partnerships

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| ($ in thousands)
Noninterest expense | $ | 79,008 |  |  | $ | 124,262 |  |  | $ | 301,839 |  |  | $ | 313,437 |
Loss on investments in alternative energy partnerships | (8,348 | ) |  | (17,660 | ) |  | (26,791 | ) |  | (17,660 | )
Total adjusted noninterest expense | $ | 70,660 |  |  | $ | 106,602 |  |  | $ | 275,048 |  |  | $ | 295,777 |
Net interest income | $ | 75,953 |  |  | $ | 86,961 |  |  | $ | 237,996 |  |  | $ | 238,415 |
Noninterest income | 18,827 |  |  | 74,630 |  |  | 98,348 |  |  | 192,193 |
Total revenue | 94,780 |  |  | 161,591 |  |  | 336,344 |  |  | 430,608 |
Tax credit from investments in alternative energy partnerships | 8,777 |  |  | 19,357 |  |  | 33,287 |  |  | 19,357 |
Deferred tax expense on investments in alternative energy partnerships | (1,536 | ) |  | (3,387 | ) |  | (5,825 | ) |  | (3,387 | )
Tax effect on tax credit and deferred tax expense | 3,804 |  |  | 11,002 |  |  | 17,528 |  |  | 11,002 |
Loss on investments in alternative energy partnerships | (8,348 | ) |  | (17,660 | ) |  | (26,791 | ) |  | (17,660 | )
Total pre-tax adjustments for investments in alternative energy partnerships | 2,697 |  |  | 9,312 |  |  | 18,199 |  |  | 9,312 |
Total adjusted revenue | $ | 97,477 |  |  | $ | 170,903 |  |  | $ | 354,543 |  |  | $ | 439,920 |
Efficiency ratio | 83.36 | % |  | 76.90 | % |  | 89.74 | % |  | 72.79 | %
Efficiency ratio as adjusted to include the pre-tax effect of investments in alternative energy partnerships | 72.49 | % |  | 62.38 | % |  | 77.58 | % |  | 67.23 | %
Effective tax rate utilized for calculating tax effect on tax credit and deferred tax expense | 34.44 | % |  | 40.79 | % |  | 38.96 | % |  | 40.79 | %

Tangible Common Equity to Tangible Assets and Tangible Common Equity Per Common Share and Per Common Share Issuable under Purchase Contracts

| September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016
| ($ in thousands)
Total stockholders' equity | $ | 1,013,908 |  |  | $ | 971,424 |
Less goodwill | (37,144 | ) |  | (39,244 | )
Less other intangible assets | (10,219 | ) |  | (15,335 | )
Less preferred stock | (269,071 | ) |  | (269,071 | )
TCE | $ | 697,474 |  |  | $ | 647,774 |
Total assets | $ | 10,280,028 |  |  | $ | 11,216,404 |
Less goodwill | (37,144 | ) |  | (39,244 | )
Less other intangible assets | (10,219 | ) |  | (15,335 | )
Tangible assets | $ | 10,232,665 |  |  | $ | 11,161,825 |
Total stockholders' equity to total assets | 9.86 | % |  | 8.66 | %
TCE to tangible assets | 6.82 | % |  | 5.80 | %
Common shares outstanding | 50,096,056 |  |  | 49,531,321 |
Class B non-voting non-convertible common shares outstanding | 430,694 |  |  | 201,922 |
Total common shares outstanding | 50,526,750 |  |  | 49,733,243 |
Minimum number of shares issuable under purchase contracts (1) | — |  |  | 188,742 |
Total common shares outstanding and shares issuable under purchase contracts | 50,526,750 |  |  | 49,921,985 |
Book value per common share | $ | 14.74 |  |  | $ | 14.12 |
TCE per common share | $ | 13.80 |  |  | $ | 13.02 |
Book value per common share and per common share issuable under purchase contracts | $ | 14.74 |  |  | $ | 14.07 |
TCE per common share and per common share issuable under purchase contracts | $ | 13.80 |  |  | $ | 12.98 |

(1) | Purchase contracts relating to tangible equity units

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EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW
Banc of California, Inc., a financial holding company regulated by the Federal Reserve Board, is focused on empowering California’s diverse private businesses, entrepreneurs and communities. It is the parent company of Banc of California, National Association, a California based bank that is regulated by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency.
The Bank is headquartered in Santa Ana, California and had 34 full service branches in San Diego, Orange, Santa Barbara, and Los Angeles Counties at September 30, 2017.
The Company is focused on California and core products and services designed to cater to the unique needs of California's diverse private businesses, entrepreneurs and communities.
As part of delivering on the Company's value proposition to clients, the Company offers a variety of financial products and services designed around our target client in order to serve all of their banking and financial needs. This includes both deposit products offered through the Company's multiple channels that include retail banking, business banking, institutional banking, and private banking, as well as lending products including jumbo residential mortgage lending, commercial lending, commercial real estate lending, multifamily lending, and specialty lending including SBA lending, and construction lending.
The Bank’s deposit and banking product and service offerings include checking, savings, money market, certificates of deposit, retirement accounts as well as online, telephone, and mobile banking, automated bill payment, cash and treasury management, master demand accounts, foreign exchange, interest rate swaps, trust services, card payment services, remote and mobile deposit capture, ACH origination, wire transfer, direct deposit, and safe deposit boxes. Bank customers also have the ability to access their accounts through a nationwide network of over 55,000 surcharge-free ATMs.
The Bank’s lending activities are focused on providing financing to California’s private businesses and entrepreneurs that is often secured against California commercial and residential real estate.
Highlights

• | During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company completed the sale of its Banc Home Loans division, which largely reflected the Company's Mortgage Banking segment. The Company determined that the sale of our Mortgage Banking segment met the criteria to be classified as a discontinued operation. This transaction advanced our strategy to focus our business on core commercial banking opportunities in our California markets.

• | Income from continuing operations was $18.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $7.1 million, or 28.1 percent, from $25.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, income from continuing operations was $42.6 million, a decrease of $19.6 million, or 31.5 percent, from $62.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. Net income was $16.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $19.0 million, or 52.8 percent, from $35.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, net income was $46.4 million, a decrease of $35.7 million, or 43.5 percent, from $82.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

• | Return on average assets, on a consolidated operations basis, was 0.67 percent and 1.32 percent on an annualized basis, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, and 0.58 percent and 1.11 percent on an annualized basis, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. Return on average tangible common equity, on a consolidated operations basis, was 7.16 percent and 19.51 percent on an annualized basis, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, and 6.46 percent and 16.84 percent on an annualized basis, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.

• | Net interest income, on a consolidated operations basis, was $76.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $11.0 million, or 12.7 percent, from $87.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, net interest income was $238.0 million, a decrease of $419 thousand, or 0.2 percent, from $238.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease in net interest income from the prior period was largely due to higher interest expense on higher average balances of interest-bearing liabilities and a lower average balance of total loans and leases, partially offset by higher interest income from higher average balances of securities and other interest-earning assets. Net interest margin was 3.15 percent and 3.32 percent, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, and 3.14 percent and 3.36 percent, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.

• | Provision for loan and lease losses was $3.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $969 thousand, or 37.4 percent, from $2.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. Provision for loan and lease losses was $8.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $4.0 million, or 84.7 percent, from $4.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

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• | Noninterest income from continuing operations was $18.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $3.7 million, or 16.6 percent, from $22.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease in noninterest income was mainly due to decreases in net gain on sale of loans, loan brokerage income and other income, partially offset by increases in net gain on sale of securities available-for-sale and loan servicing income (loss). For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, noninterest income from continuing operations was $39.0 million, a decrease of $27.2 million, or 41.1 percent, from $66.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease in noninterest income was mainly due to a gain on sale of subsidiary during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and decreases in net gain on sale of securities available-for-sale, net gain on sale of loans, loan brokerage income and other income, partially offset by increases in customer services fees and loan servicing income. Noninterest income from discontinued operations was $462 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $52.1 million, or 99.1 percent, from $52.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, noninterest income from discontinued operations was $59.4 million, a decrease of $66.7 million, or 52.9 percent, from $126.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in net revenue from discontinued operations, partially offset by a net gain on disposal of discontinued operations in 2017 periods.

• | Noninterest expense from continuing operations was $75.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $10.5 million, or 12.1 percent, from $86.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to overall expense reductions from the Company's effort to manage its expenses and a decrease in loss on investments in alternative energy partnerships, partially offset by an increase in all other expense. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, noninterest expense from continuing operations was $241.9 million, an increase of $31.6 million, or 15.0 percent, from $210.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase was mainly due to the special committee and governmental investigations and restructuring, as well as an increase in loss on investments in alternative energy partnerships, partially offset by decreases in salaries and employee benefits, outside service fees and provision for loan repurchases. Noninterest expense from discontinued operations was $3.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $34.8 million, or 91.3 percent, from $38.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, noninterest expense from discontinued operations was $60.0 million, a decrease of $43.2 million, or 41.9 percent, from $103.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to decreases in salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment, data processing and advertising, partially offset by an increase in professional fees and a restructuring expense in 2017.

• | Income tax (benefit) expense from consolidated operations was $(4.7) million and $(1.2) million, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, and $(20.5) million and $30.3 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. Income tax benefits were mainly due to the recognition of tax credits from the investments in alternative energy partnerships of $8.8 million and $33.3 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, and $19.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016.

• | Efficiency ratio as adjusted to include the pre-tax effect of investments in alternative energy partnerships was 72.49 percent and 77.58 percent, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to 62.38 percent and 67.23 percent, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. The changes in the 2017 periods were mainly due to the larger decrease in total revenue than the decrease in noninterest expense.

• | Total assets were $10.28 billion at September 30, 2017, a decrease of $749.8 million, or 6.8 percent, from $11.03 billion at December 31, 2016. Average total assets were $10.10 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $759.1 million, or 7.0 percent, from $10.86 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2016. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, average total assets were $10.66 billion, an increase of $0.74 billion, or 7.4 percent, from $9.92 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

• | Loans and leases receivable, net of ALLL were $6.18 billion at September 30, 2017, an increase of $187.5 million, or 3.1 percent, from $5.99 billion at December 31, 2016. Loans held-for-sale, on a consolidated operations basis, were $109.1 million at September 30, 2017, a decrease of $595.6 million, or 84.5 percent, from $704.7 million at December 31, 2016. Average total loans and leases were $6.27 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $976.6 million, or 13.5 percent, from $7.25 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2016. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, average total loans and leases were $6.56 billion, a decrease of $74.3 million, or 1.1 percent, from $6.64 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

• | Total deposits were $7.40 billion at September 30, 2017, a decrease of $1.74 billion, or 19.0 percent, from $9.14 billion at December 31, 2016. Average total deposits were $7.68 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $0.66 billion, or 8.0 percent, from $8.34 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2016. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, average total deposits were $8.27 billion, an increase of $1.00 billion, or 13.7 percent, from $7.27 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table presents condensed statements of operations for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands, except per share data)
Interest and dividend income | $ | 96,751 |  |  | $ | 98,122 |  |  | $ | 292,033 |  |  | $ | 270,113 |
Interest expense | 21,715 |  |  | 15,274 |  |  | 61,016 |  |  | 42,700 |
Net interest income | 75,036 |  |  | 82,848 |  |  | 231,017 |  |  | 227,413 |
Provision for loan and lease losses | 3,561 |  |  | 2,592 |  |  | 8,647 |  |  | 4,682 |
Noninterest income | 18,365 |  |  | 22,030 |  |  | 38,975 |  |  | 66,126 |
Noninterest expense | 75,671 |  |  | 86,123 |  |  | 241,886 |  |  | 210,320 |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 14,169 |  |  | 16,163 |  |  | 19,459 |  |  | 78,537 |
Income tax (benefit) expense | (3,939 | ) |  | (9,016 | ) |  | (23,163 | ) |  | 16,292 |
Income from continuing operations | 18,108 |  |  | 25,179 |  |  | 42,622 |  |  | 62,245 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes | (1,958 | ) |  | 18,574 |  |  | 6,399 |  |  | 33,952 |
Income tax (benefit) expense | (799 | ) |  | 7,816 |  |  | 2,614 |  |  | 14,045 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | (1,159 | ) |  | 10,758 |  |  | 3,785 |  |  | 19,907 |
Net income | 16,949 |  |  | 35,937 |  |  | 46,407 |  |  | 82,152 |
Preferred stock dividends | 5,112 |  |  | 5,112 |  |  | 15,338 |  |  | 14,801 |
Net income available to common stockholders | $ | 11,837 |  |  | $ | 30,825 |  |  | $ | 31,069 |  |  | $ | 67,351 |
Basic earnings per total common share |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income from continuing operations | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.38 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |  |  | $ | 0.99 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | (0.02 | ) |  | 0.22 |  |  | 0.08 |  |  | 0.43 |
Net income | $ | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 0.60 |  |  | $ | 1.42 |
Diluted earnings per total common share |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income from continuing operations | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.38 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |  |  | $ | 0.97 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | (0.02 | ) |  | 0.21 |  |  | 0.07 |  |  | 0.43 |
Net income | $ | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.59 |  |  | $ | 0.59 |  |  | $ | 1.40 |

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Consolidated Statement of Operations of Consolidated Operations
The following table presents a reconciliation of Consolidated Statement of Operations of consolidated operations for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
| Continuing Operations |  | Discontinued Operations |  | Consolidated Operations |  | Continuing Operations |  | Discontinued Operations |  | Consolidated Operations
| (In thousands)
Interest and dividend income | $ | 96,751 |  |  | $ | 917 |  |  | $ | 97,668 |  |  | $ | 292,033 |  |  | $ | 6,979 |  |  | $ | 299,012 |
Interest expense | 21,715 |  |  | — |  |  | 21,715 |  |  | 61,016 |  |  | — |  |  | 61,016 |
Net interest income | 75,036 |  |  | 917 |  |  | 75,953 |  |  | 231,017 |  |  | 6,979 |  |  | 237,996 |
Provision for loan and lease losses | 3,561 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,561 |  |  | 8,647 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,647 |
Noninterest income | 18,365 |  |  | 462 |  |  | 18,827 |  |  | 38,975 |  |  | 59,373 |  |  | 98,348 |
Noninterest expense | 75,671 |  |  | 3,337 |  |  | 79,008 |  |  | 241,886 |  |  | 59,953 |  |  | 301,839 |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 14,169 |  |  | (1,958 | ) |  | 12,211 |  |  | 19,459 |  |  | 6,399 |  |  | 25,858 |
Income tax (benefit) expense | (3,939 | ) |  | (799 | ) |  | (4,738 | ) |  | (23,163 | ) |  | 2,614 |  |  | (20,549 | )
Net income | $ | 18,108 |  |  | $ | (1,159 | ) |  | $ | 16,949 |  |  | $ | 42,622 |  |  | $ | 3,785 |  |  | $ | 46,407 |

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Net Interest Income
The following table presents interest income, average interest-earning assets, interest expense, average interest-bearing liabilities, and their correspondent yields and costs expressed both in dollars and rates, on a consolidated operations basis, for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016:

| Three Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016
| Average Balance |  | Interest |  | Yield/Cost |  | Average Balance |  | Interest |  | Yield/Cost
| ($ in thousands)
Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total loans and leases (1) | $ | 6,268,915 |  |  | $ | 71,125 |  |  | 4.50 | % |  | $ | 7,245,472 |  |  | $ | 80,370 |  |  | 4.41 | %
Securities | 2,791,585 |  |  | 24,337 |  |  | 3.46 | % |  | 2,776,304 |  |  | 19,934 |  |  | 2.86 | %
Other interest-earning assets (2) | 519,593 |  |  | 2,206 |  |  | 1.68 | % |  | 410,471 |  |  | 1,931 |  |  | 1.87 | %
Total interest-earning assets | 9,580,093 |  |  | 97,668 |  |  | 4.04 | % |  | 10,432,247 |  |  | 102,235 |  |  | 3.90 | %
ALLL | (42,696 | ) |  |  |  |  |  | (38,258 | ) |  |  |  |
BOLI and non-interest earning assets (3) | 563,784 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 466,268 |  |  |  |  |
Total assets | $ | 10,101,181 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 10,860,257 |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Savings | $ | 968,158 |  |  | 2,263 |  |  | 0.93 | % |  | $ | 887,973 |  |  | 1,704 |  |  | 0.76 | %
Interest-bearing checking | 2,037,729 |  |  | 3,871 |  |  | 0.75 | % |  | 2,300,128 |  |  | 3,972 |  |  | 0.69 | %
Money market | 1,935,262 |  |  | 5,095 |  |  | 1.04 | % |  | 2,427,356 |  |  | 3,226 |  |  | 0.53 | %
Certificates of deposit | 1,560,078 |  |  | 4,239 |  |  | 1.08 | % |  | 1,548,604 |  |  | 2,322 |  |  | 0.60 | %
FHLB advances | 962,391 |  |  | 3,352 |  |  | 1.38 | % |  | 1,104,663 |  |  | 1,413 |  |  | 0.51 | %
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 88,810 |  |  | 500 |  |  | 2.23 | % |  | 12,539 |  |  | 48 |  |  | 1.52 | %
Long term debt and other interest-bearing liabilities | 173,772 |  |  | 2,395 |  |  | 5.47 | % |  | 180,180 |  |  | 2,589 |  |  | 5.72 | %
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 7,726,200 |  |  | 21,715 |  |  | 1.12 | % |  | 8,461,443 |  |  | 15,274 |  |  | 0.72 | %
Noninterest-bearing deposits | 1,178,062 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,178,849 |  |  |  |  |
Non-interest-bearing liabilities | 191,457 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 251,281 |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities | 9,095,719 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 9,891,573 |  |  |  |  |
Total stockholders’ equity | 1,005,462 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 968,684 |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 10,101,181 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 10,860,257 |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income/spread |  |  | $ | 75,953 |  |  | 2.92 | % |  |  |  | $ | 86,961 |  |  | 3.18 | %
Net interest margin (4) |  |  |  |  | 3.15 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.32 | %

(1) | Total loans and leases include loans held-for-sale and loans and leases held-for-investment, and are net of deferred fees, related direct costs and discounts, but exclude the ALLL. Non-accrual loans and leases are included in the average balance. Loan fees of $756 thousand and $283 thousand and accretion of discount on purchased loans of $280 thousand and $9.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, are included in interest income.

(2) | Includes average balance of FHLB and other bank stock at cost and average time deposits with other financial institutions.

(3) | Includes average balance of bank-owned life insurance of $103.9 million and $101.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

(4) | Annualized net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets.

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The following table presents interest income, average interest-earning assets, interest expense, average interest-bearing liabilities, and their correspondent yields and costs expressed both in dollars and rates, on a consolidated operations basis, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016:

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016
| Average Balance |  | Interest |  | Yield/Cost |  | Average Balance |  | Interest |  | Yield/Cost
| ($ in thousands)
Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total loans and leases (1) | $ | 6,562,641 |  |  | $ | 216,355 |  |  | 4.41 | % |  | $ | 6,636,978 |  |  | $ | 221,257 |  |  | 4.45 | %
Securities | 3,055,468 |  |  | 76,572 |  |  | 3.35 | % |  | 2,534,788 |  |  | 55,374 |  |  | 2.92 | %
Other interest-earning assets (2) | 512,426 |  |  | 6,085 |  |  | 1.59 | % |  | 297,213 |  |  | 4,484 |  |  | 2.02 | %
Total interest-earning assets | 10,130,535 |  |  | 299,012 |  |  | 3.95 | % |  | 9,468,979 |  |  | 281,115 |  |  | 3.97 | %
ALLL | (42,297 | ) |  |  |  |  |  | (37,161 | ) |  |  |  |
BOLI and non-interest earning assets (3) | 570,108 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 489,839 |  |  |  |  |
Total assets | $ | 10,658,346 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 9,921,657 |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Savings | $ | 1,004,058 |  |  | 6,817 |  |  | 0.91 | % |  | $ | 863,088 |  |  | 4,878 |  |  | 0.75 | %
Interest-bearing checking | 2,020,208 |  |  | 10,894 |  |  | 0.72 | % |  | 2,061,761 |  |  | 10,352 |  |  | 0.67 | %
Money market | 2,340,484 |  |  | 15,268 |  |  | 0.87 | % |  | 1,847,906 |  |  | 6,867 |  |  | 0.50 | %
Certificates of deposit | 1,699,865 |  |  | 11,391 |  |  | 0.90 | % |  | 1,295,588 |  |  | 5,619 |  |  | 0.58 | %
FHLB advances | 922,421 |  |  | 7,549 |  |  | 1.09 | % |  | 1,240,872 |  |  | 4,641 |  |  | 0.50 | %
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 42,061 |  |  | 686 |  |  | 2.18 | % |  | 104,076 |  |  | 597 |  |  | 0.77 | %
Long term debt and other interest-bearing liabilities | 219,080 |  |  | 8,411 |  |  | 5.13 | % |  | 212,209 |  |  | 9,746 |  |  | 6.13 | %
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 8,248,176 |  |  | 61,016 |  |  | 0.99 | % |  | 7,625,500 |  |  | 42,700 |  |  | 0.75 | %
Noninterest-bearing deposits | 1,206,881 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,205,179 |  |  |  |  |
Non-interest-bearing liabilities | 196,104 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 214,056 |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities | 9,651,161 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 9,044,735 |  |  |  |  |
Total stockholders’ equity | 1,007,185 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 876,922 |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 10,658,346 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 9,921,657 |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income/spread |  |  | $ | 237,996 |  |  | 2.96 | % |  |  |  | $ | 238,415 |  |  | 3.22 | %
Net interest margin (4) |  |  |  |  | 3.14 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.36 | %

(1) | Total loans and leases include loans held-for-sale and loans and leases held-for-investment, and are net of deferred fees, related direct costs and discounts, but exclude the ALLL. Non-accrual loans and leases are included in the average balance. Loan fees of $917 thousand and $663 thousand and accretion of discount on purchased loans of $4.5 million and $31.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, are included in interest income.

(2) | Includes average balance of FHLB and other bank stock at cost and average time deposits with other financial institutions.

(3) | Includes average balance of bank-owned life insurance of $103.3 million and $100.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

(4) | Annualized net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets.

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Rate/Volume Analysis
The following table presents the changes in interest income and interest expense for major components of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Information is provided on changes attributable to: (i) changes in volume multiplied by the prior rate; and (ii) changes in rate multiplied by the prior volume. Changes attributable to both rate and volume which cannot be segregated have been allocated proportionately to the change due to volume and the change due to rate.

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 vs. 2016 |  | 2017 vs. 2016
| Increase (Decrease) Due to |  | Net Increase (Decrease) |  | Increase (Decrease) Due to |  | Net Increase (Decrease)
| Volume |  | Rate |  |  | Volume |  | Rate |
| (In thousands)
Interest and dividend income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total loans and leases | $ | (10,885 | ) |  | $ | 1,640 |  |  | $ | (9,245 | ) |  | $ | (2,719 | ) |  | $ | (2,183 | ) |  | $ | (4,902 | )
Securities | 112 |  |  | 4,291 |  |  | 4,403 |  |  | 12,347 |  |  | 8,851 |  |  | 21,198 |
Other interest-earning assets | 484 |  |  | (209 | ) |  | 275 |  |  | 2,715 |  |  | (1,114 | ) |  | 1,601 |
Total interest and dividend income | $ | (10,289 | ) |  | $ | 5,722 |  |  | $ | (4,567 | ) |  | $ | 12,343 |  |  | $ | 5,554 |  |  | $ | 17,897 |
Interest expense: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Savings | $ | 161 |  |  | $ | 398 |  |  | $ | 559 |  |  | $ | 841 |  |  | $ | 1,098 |  |  | $ | 1,939 |
Interest-bearing checking | (452 | ) |  | 351 |  |  | (101 | ) |  | (212 | ) |  | 754 |  |  | 542 |
Money market | (760 | ) |  | 2,629 |  |  | 1,869 |  |  | 2,225 |  |  | 6,176 |  |  | 8,401 |
Certificates of deposit | 17 |  |  | 1,900 |  |  | 1,917 |  |  | 2,085 |  |  | 3,687 |  |  | 5,772 |
FHLB advances | (204 | ) |  | 2,143 |  |  | 1,939 |  |  | (1,437 | ) |  | 4,345 |  |  | 2,908 |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 420 |  |  | 32 |  |  | 452 |  |  | (517 | ) |  | 606 |  |  | 89 |
Long term debt and other interest-bearing liabilities | (87 | ) |  | (107 | ) |  | (194 | ) |  | 305 |  |  | (1,640 | ) |  | (1,335 | )
Total interest expense | (905 | ) |  | 7,346 |  |  | 6,441 |  |  | 3,290 |  |  | 15,026 |  |  | 18,316 |
Net interest income | $ | (9,384 | ) |  | $ | (1,624 | ) |  | $ | (11,008 | ) |  | $ | 9,053 |  |  | $ | (9,472 | ) |  | $ | (419 | )

Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
Net interest income was $76.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $11.0 million, or 12.7 percent, from $87.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease in net interest income from the prior period was largely due to higher average cost of interest-bearing liabilities and lower average balance of total loans and leases, partially offset by higher interest income from higher average balances of securities and other interest-earning assets, and higher average yield on securities.
Interest income on total loans and leases was $71.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $9.2 million, or 11.5 percent, from $80.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease in interest income on loans and leases was due to a $976.6 million decrease in average total loans and leases, partially offset by a 9 basis points (bps) increase in average yield. The decrease in average balance was due mainly to sales of the Company's lease financing portfolio during the three months ended December 31, 2016, seasoned SFR mortgage loan pools during the second half of 2016 and three months ended September 30, 2017, and Banc Home Loans division during the three months ended March 31, 2017. The increase in average yield was mainly due to higher interest rates on new loans and loans with variable interest rates from a rising interest rate environment, partially offset by the sale of the Company's lease financing portfolio, which earned a higher yield than other loan portfolios, and a decrease of seasoned SFR mortgage loan pools, where discounts on these pools generate additional interest income. The Company transferred all of its seasoned SFR mortgage loan pools to loans held-for-sale at the lower of cost or fair value during the three months ended June 30, 2017 and did not recognize any discount accretion on these loans. The discount accretion included in interest income on total loans and leases totaled $280 thousand and $9.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Interest income on securities was $24.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $4.4 million, or 22.1 percent, from $19.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The increase in interest income on securities was due to a $15.3 million increase in average balance and a 60 bps increase in average yield. The increase in average yield was due to higher interest rates on newly purchased investment securities and investment securities with variable interest rates from a rising interest rate environment.
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Dividends and interest income on other interest-earning assets was $2.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $275 thousand, or 14.2 percent, from $1.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The increase in dividends and interest income on other interest-earning assets was due to a $109.1 million increase in average balance, partially offset by a 19 bps decrease in average yield. The increase in average balance was mainly due to the excess cash from a decrease in total loans and leases, partially offset by decreases in deposits and other borrowings and an increase in securities. The decrease in average yield was mainly due to an increase in interest-earning deposits in financial institutions, which earn lower yields than other interest-earning assets.
Interest expense on interest-bearing deposits was $15.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $4.2 million, or 37.8 percent, from $11.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The increase in interest expense on interest-bearing deposits was due to a 32 bps increase in average cost, partially offset by a $662.8 million decrease in average balance. The decrease in average balance was mainly due to the Company's strategic reduction of brokered and other high-rate and high-volatility deposits during the three months ended September 30, 2017. The increase in average cost was mainly due mainly to a rising interest rate environment.
Interest expense on FHLB advances was $3.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $1.9 million, or 137.2 percent, from $1.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The increase was due mainly to an 87 bps increase in average cost, partially offset by a $142.3 million decrease in average balance. The increase in average cost was mainly due to a rising interest rate environment.
Interest expense on securities sold under repurchase agreements was $500 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $452 thousand, or 941.7 percent, from $48 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The Company utilized an increased amount of repurchase agreements to diversify its funding sources during the three months ended September 30, 2017.
Interest expense on long term debt and other interest-bearing liabilities was $2.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $194 thousand, or 7.5 percent, from $2.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to a maturity of amortizing debt during the three months ended June 30, 2017 and the utilization of a line of credit with an unaffiliated third party financial institution during the three months ended September 30, 2016, which was voluntarily terminated by the Company on June 30, 2017.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
Net interest income was $238.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $419 thousand, or 0.2 percent, from $238.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease in net interest income from the prior period was largely due to higher interest expense on higher average balances of interest-bearing liabilities and a lower average balance of total loans and leases, partially offset by higher interest income from higher average balances of securities and other interest-earning assets.
Interest income on total loans and leases was $216.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $4.9 million, or 2.2 percent, from $221.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease in interest income on loans and leases was due to a $74.3 million decrease in average balance and a 4 bps decrease in average yield. The decrease in average balance was due mainly to sales of the Company's lease financing portfolio during the three months ended December 31, 2016, seasoned SFR mortgage loan pools during the second half of 2016 and three months ended September 30, 2017, and Banc Home Loans division during the three months ended March 31, 2017. The increase in average yield was mainly due to higher interest rates on new loans and loans with variable interest rates from a rising interest rate environment, partially offset by the sale of the Company's lease financing portfolio, which earned a higher yield than other loan portfolios, and a decrease of seasoned SFR mortgage loan pools, where discounts on these pools generate additional interest income. The Company sold all of its remaining seasoned SFR mortgage loan pools during the three months ended September 30, 2017. The discount accretion included in interest income on total loans and leases totaled $4.5 million and $31.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Interest income on securities was $76.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $21.2 million, or 38.3 percent, from $55.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase in interest income on securities was due to a $520.7 million increase in average balance and a 43 bps increase in average yield. The increase in average balance was mainly due to purchases of securities to deploy the proceeds from the preferred stock and common stock offerings in 2016 and the deposit balance increase during the period. The increase in average yield was due to higher interest rates on newly purchased investment securities and investment securities with variable interest rates from a rising interest rate environment.
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Dividends and interest income on other interest-earning assets was $6.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $1.6 million, or 35.7 percent, from $4.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase in dividends and interest income on other interest-earning assets was due to a $215.2 million increase in average balance, partially offset by a 43 bps decrease in average yield. The increase in average balance was mainly due to the excess cash from a decrease in total loans and leases and an increase in deposits, partially offset by a decrease in other borrowings and an increase in securities. The decrease in average yield was mainly due to an increase in interest-earning deposits in financial institutions, which earn lower yields than other interest-earning assets.
Interest expense on interest-bearing deposits was $44.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $16.7 million, or 60.1 percent, from $27.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase in interest expense on interest-bearing deposits resulted from a $996.3 million increase in average balance and a 23 bps increase in average cost. The increase in average balance was mainly due to deposit growth across the Company's business units as well as an increased average balance per account. The Company also strategically added brokered certificates of deposit in order to maintain a sufficient level of deposit funding prior to the current quarter. During the three months ended September 30, 2017, the Company reduced brokered and other high-rate and high-volatility deposits. The increase in average cost was mainly due to a rising interest rate environment.
Interest expense on FHLB advances was $7.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $2.9 million, or 62.7 percent, from $4.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase was due mainly to a 59 bps increase in average cost, partially offset by a $318.5 million decrease in average balance. The increase in average cost was mainly due to a rising interest rate environment.
Interest expense on securities sold under repurchase agreements was $686 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $89 thousand, or 14.9 percent, from $597 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The Company utilized an increased amount of repurchase agreements during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
Interest expense on long term debt and other interest-bearing liabilities was $8.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $1.3 million, or 13.7 percent, from $9.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was due mainly to the redemption of the Senior Notes I during the second quarter of 2016, maturity of amortizing debt during the second quarter of 2017, partially offset by a higher utilization of line of credit with an unaffiliated third party financial institution.
Provision for Loan and Lease Losses
Provisions for loan and lease losses are charged to operations to adjust the allowance for loan and lease losses to the level required to cover estimated credit losses inherent in the loan and lease portfolio. The Company recorded provisions for loan and lease losses of $3.6 million and $2.6 million, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, and $8.6 million and $4.7 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. The increase was mainly due to enhancements to the methodology used to measure qualitative adjustments and an annual update of the loss emergence period assumptions during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
At September 30, 2017, the Company did not have any outstanding PCI loans. Previously, on a quarterly basis, the Company evaluated its PCI loan pools for potential impairment. The provision for losses on PCI loans was the result of changes in expected cash flows, both in amount and timing, based on actual loan payment experience and updated cash flow projections. Revisions to the loss forecasts cash flow projections were based on management’s review of the credit quality of the outstanding loans/loan pools and the analysis of the loan performance data since the acquisition of these loans. If there was no impairment, the Company evaluated whether an adjustment to the accretable yield was necessary.
See further discussion in "Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses."
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Noninterest Income
The following table presents the breakdown of non-interest income for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Customer service fees | $ | 1,576 |  |  | $ | 1,566 |  |  | $ | 4,868 |  |  | $ | 3,587 |
Loan servicing income (loss) | 553 |  |  | 74 |  |  | 3,441 |  |  | (4,066 | )
Income from bank owned life insurance | 583 |  |  | 595 |  |  | 1,780 |  |  | 1,738 |
Net gain on sale of securities available-for-sale | 7,625 |  |  | 487 |  |  | 12,080 |  |  | 30,100 |
Net gain on sale of loans | 5,735 |  |  | 11,063 |  |  | 10,737 |  |  | 15,405 |
Loan brokerage income | — |  |  | 1,298 |  |  | 1,061 |  |  | 2,920 |
Gain on sale of subsidiary | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,694 |
Other income | 2,293 |  |  | 6,947 |  |  | 5,008 |  |  | 12,748 |
Total noninterest income | $ | 18,365 |  |  | $ | 22,030 |  |  | $ | 38,975 |  |  | $ | 66,126 |

Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
Noninterest income was $18.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $3.7 million, or 16.6 percent, from $22.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease in noninterest income was mainly due to decreases in net gain on sale of loans, loan brokerage income and other income, partially offset by increases in net gain on sale of securities available-for-sale and loan servicing income (loss).
Customer service fees were $1.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. Due to average balances of noninterest-bearing checking accounts of $1.18 billion for both periods, customer service fees were similar for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.
Loan servicing income (loss) was $553 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $479 thousand, or 647.3 percent, from $74 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2016. On a consolidated operations basis, total income (loss) from servicing rights was $553 thousand and $2.1 million, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. The decrease was mainly due to the decreased volume of loans sold with servicing retained as a result of discontinued operations, partially offset by a decrease in losses on the fair value of mortgage servicing rights. Losses on fair value and runoff of servicing assets were $4.0 million and $4.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Servicing fees were $4.5 million and $6.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Net gain on sale of securities available-for-sale was $7.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $487 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2016. During the three months ended September 30, 2017, the Company sold $118.8 million of securities available-for-sale, as compared to $222.0 million during the three months ended September 30, 2016. The Company further repositioned its securities available-for-sale portfolio to reduce duration by selling corporate debt securities during the three months ended September 30, 2017.
Net gain on sale of loans was $5.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $5.3 million from $11.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. During the three months ended September 30, 2017, the Company sold seasoned SFR mortgage loans of $144.2 million with a gain of $4.7 million, jumbo SFR mortgage loans of $58.0 million with a loss of $157 thousand, SBA loans of $6.5 million with a gain of $627 thousand. During the three months ended September 30, 2016, the Company sold jumbo SFR mortgage loans of $279.7 million with a gain of $3.0 million, seasoned SFR mortgage loan pools of $103.4 million with a gain of $5.6 million, SBA loans of $5.8 million with a gain of $481 thousand, and other loans and leases of $78.2 million with a gain of $2.0 million.
Loan brokerage income was $0 for the three months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $1.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The Company did not have brokered loans during the three months ended September 30, 2017.
Other income was $2.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $4.7 million, or 67.0 percent, from $6.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to the gain of $2.8 million recognized on the payment in full of the note issued to the Company by The Palisades Group as a part of the sale transaction, and legal settlements of $2.1 million during the three months ended September 30, 2016.
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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
Noninterest income was $39.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $27.2 million, or 41.1 percent, from $66.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease in noninterest income was mainly due to a gain on sale of subsidiary during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and decreases in net gain on sale of securities available-for-sale, net gain on sale of loans, loan brokerage income and other income, partially offset by increases in customer services fees and loan servicing income.
Customer service fees were $4.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $1.3 million, or 35.7 percent, from $3.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase was mainly due to the increase in average deposit balances.
Loan servicing income (loss) was $3.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $7.5 million, or 184.6 percent, from $(4.1) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. On a consolidated operations basis, total income (loss) from servicing rights was $5.0 million and $(6.5) million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. The increase was mainly due to a decrease in losses on the fair value of mortgage servicing rights, partially offset by a decrease in servicing fees from the decreased volume of loans sold with servicing retained as a result of discontinued operations. Losses on fair value and runoff of servicing assets were $10.4 million and $22.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Servicing fees were $15.4 million and $16.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Net gain on sale of securities available-for-sale was $12.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $30.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company sold $925.1 million of securities available-for-sale, as compared to $3.75 billion of securities available-for-sale during the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The Company continued to reposition its securities available-for-sale portfolio during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 to navigate a volatile rate environment by reducing the overall duration of its securities portfolio by selling longer-duration and fixed-rate mortgage-backed securities and corporate debt securities.
Net gain on sale of loans was $10.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $4.7 million from $15.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company sold seasoned SFR mortgage loans of $144.2 million with a gain of $4.7 million, jumbo SFR mortgage loans of $674.7 million with a gain of $2.8 million, SBA loans of $25.0 million with a gain of $2.4 million, and other loans of $14.6 million with a gain of $413 thousand. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company sold jumbo SFR mortgage loans of $485.1 million with a gain of $5.5 million, seasoned SFR mortgage loan pools of $103.4 million with a gain of $5.6 million, SBA loans of $24.3 million with a gain of $1.9 million, and other loans and leases of $89.0 million with a gain of $2.4 million.
Loan brokerage income was $1.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $1.9 million, or 63.7 percent, from $2.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in the volume of brokered loans.
Gain on sale of a subsidiary of $3.7 million was recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The Company completed the sale of all of its membership interests in The Palisades Group on May 5, 2016.
Other income was $5.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $7.7 million, or 60.7 percent, from $12.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to the gain of $2.8 million recognized on the payment in full of the note issued to the Company by The Palisades Group as a part of the sale transaction, and various legal settlements during the nine months ended September 30, 2016, and a decrease in advisory service fees resulting from the sale of The Palisades Group.
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Noninterest Expense
The following table presents the breakdown of noninterest expense for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits | 30,216 |  |  | 37,133 |  |  | 96,007 |  |  | 103,347 |
Occupancy and equipment | 10,085 |  |  | 10,036 |  |  | 30,529 |  |  | 28,034 |
Professional fees | 7,697 |  |  | 6,482 |  |  | 34,564 |  |  | 18,811 |
Outside service fees | 881 |  |  | 1,613 |  |  | 3,883 |  |  | 5,258 |
Data processing | 1,901 |  |  | 2,112 |  |  | 6,326 |  |  | 5,954 |
Advertising | 1,051 |  |  | 1,900 |  |  | 3,893 |  |  | 4,115 |
Regulatory assessments | 2,350 |  |  | 2,125 |  |  | 5,931 |  |  | 5,740 |
Provision (reversal) for loan repurchases | (749 | ) |  | 49 |  |  | (1,477 | ) |  | (451 | )
Amortization of intangible assets | 916 |  |  | 1,179 |  |  | 3,062 |  |  | 3,823 |
Impairment on intangible assets | — |  |  | — |  |  | 336 |  |  | — |
Restructuring expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,369 |  |  | — |
All other expense | 12,975 |  |  | 5,834 |  |  | 26,672 |  |  | 18,029 |
Noninterest expense before loss on investments in alternative energy partnerships | 67,323 |  |  | 68,463 |  |  | 215,095 |  |  | 192,660 |
Loss on investments in alternative energy partnerships | 8,348 |  |  | 17,660 |  |  | 26,791 |  |  | 17,660 |
Total noninterest expense | $ | 75,671 |  |  | $ | 86,123 |  |  | $ | 241,886 |  |  | $ | 210,320 |

Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
Noninterest expense was $75.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $10.5 million, or 12.1 percent, from $86.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to overall expense reductions from the Company's effort to manage its expenses and a decrease in loss on investments in alternative energy partnerships, partially offset by an increase in all other expenses.
Salaries and employee benefits was $30.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $6.9 million, or 18.6 percent, from $37.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in number of employees, partially offset by increases in temporary staff and vacation accrual, and a decrease in direct loan origination cost.
Occupancy and equipment expenses were $10.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $49 thousand, or 0.5 percent, from $10.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The increase was due mainly to increased building maintenance costs and depreciation expenses from the new headquarters building in Santa Ana, partially offset by a decreased rental expense from the reduced number of banking offices.
Professional fees were $7.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $1.2 million, or 18.7 percent, from $6.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The increase was mainly due to increases in legal fees and audit fees.
Outside service fees were $881 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $732 thousand, or 45.4 percent, from $1.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in loan sub-servicing expenses resulting from sales of seasoned SFR mortgage loan pools, partially offset by an increase in recruiting expense.
Data processing expense was $1.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $211 thousand, or 10.0 percent, from $2.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to a decreased volume of transactions from the lower loan and deposit average balances during the three months ended September 30, 2017.
Advertising costs were $1.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $849 thousand, or 44.7 percent, from $1.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in marketing and advertising expenses as a result of the Company's effort to reduce overhead cost.
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Regulatory assessments were $2.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $225 thousand, or 10.6 percent, from $2.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The increase was mainly due to an increased assessment rate for the large institutions, as the Bank's total assets exceeded $10 billion for the four most recent consecutive quarters.
Loss on investments in alternative energy partnerships was $8.3 million and $17.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Provision (reversal) for loan repurchases was $(749) thousand and $49 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Additionally, the Company recorded an initial provision for loan repurchases of $98 thousand and $1.2 million during the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Total provision (reversal) for loan repurchases were $(651) thousand and $1.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The decrease in the initial provision was mainly due to the reversal of a specific reserve due to the expiration of the statute of limitations for reimbursement claims on loans sold to a certain buyer.
Amortization of intangible assets was $916 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $263 thousand, or 22.3 percent, from $1.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to an impairment on customer relationship intangible during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and no new additional intangible assets between the periods.
Other expenses were $13.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $7.1 million, or 122.4 percent, from $5.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The increase was mainly due to a legal settlement accrual of $4.5 million and a loss from the equity method accounting on CRA investments of $3.8 million during the three months ended September 30, 2017.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
Noninterest expense was $241.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $31.6 million, or 15.0 percent, from $210.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase was mainly due to the special committee and governmental investigations and restructuring, as well as an increase in loss on investments in alternative energy partnerships, partially offset by decreases in salaries and employee benefits, outside service fees and provision for loan repurchases.
Total salaries and employee benefits was $96.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $7.3 million, or 7.1 percent, from $103.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in number of employees, partially offset by increases in temporary staff and vacation accrual, a decrease in direct loan origination cost, and certain severance payments as well as a reversal of the excess bonus accrual. At December 31, 2016 the Company accrued a liability for estimated discretionary incentive compensation payments to certain employees. The amount paid was less than the accrued liability. Consequently, the Company reversed the excess accrual and recorded a credit to salaries and employee benefits on the consolidated statements of operations of $7.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2017. The reversal, based on new information driven by changes to certain facts and circumstances, was determined to be a change in estimate.
Occupancy and equipment expenses were $30.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $2.5 million, or 8.9 percent, from $28.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase was due mainly to increased building maintenance costs and depreciation expenses from the new headquarters building in Santa Ana, partially offset by a decreased rental expense from the reduced number of banking offices.
Professional fees were $34.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $15.8 million, or 83.7 percent, from $18.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase was mainly due to the special committee investigation, pending SEC investigation, various other litigations and increased audit fees.
Outside service fees were $3.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $1.4 million, or 26.2 percent, from $5.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in loan sub-servicing expenses resulting from sales of seasoned SFR mortgage loan pools, partially offset by an increase in recruiting expense.
Data processing expense was $6.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $372 thousand, or 6.2 percent, from $6.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase was mainly due to an increased volume of transactions from the higher loan and deposit average balances during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
Advertising costs were $3.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $222 thousand, or 5.4 percent, from $4.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in marketing and advertising expenses as a result of the Company's effort to reduce overhead cost.
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Regulatory assessments were $5.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $191 thousand, or 3.3 percent, from $5.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase was mainly due to an increased assessment rate for the large institutions, as the Bank's total assets exceeded $10 billion for the four most recent consecutive quarters.
Loss on investments in alternative energy partnerships of $26.8 million and $17.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Reversal for loan repurchases was $1.5 million and $451 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Additionally, the Company recorded an initial provision for loan repurchases of $1.6 million and $2.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Total provision for loan repurchases were $136 thousand and $2.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The decrease in the initial provision was mainly due to the reversal of a specific reserve due to the expiration of the statute of limitations for reimbursement claims on loans sold to a certain buyer.
Amortization of intangible assets was $3.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $761 thousand, or 19.9 percent, from $3.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to an impairment on customer relationship intangible during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and no new additional intangible assets between the periods.
The Company recognized restructuring expense of $5.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2017. In connection with the sale of the Banc Home Loans division and additional cost reduction initiatives, the Company restructured certain aspects of its infrastructure and back office operations by realigning back office staffing and amending certain system contracts in order to improve the Company's efficiency.
Other expenses were $26.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $8.6 million, or 47.9 percent, from $18.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase was mainly due to a legal settlement accrual of $5.1 million and a loss from the equity method accounting on CRA investments of $3.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, and increases in directors fees due to the enhanced corporate governance, loan related expense and reserve for unfunded loan commitments due to the increased loan volume, partially offset by a cost of $2.7 million for the redemption of the Senior Notes I during the nine months ended September 30, 2016.
Income Tax Expense
For the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, income tax benefit, on a consolidated operations basis, was $4.7 million and $1.2 million, respectively, and the effective tax rate was (38.8) percent and (3.5) percent, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, income tax (benefit) expense, on a consolidated operations basis, was $(20.5) million and $30.3 million, respectively, and the effective tax rate was (79.5) percent and 27.0 percent, respectively. The Company recognized income tax benefits due mainly to the recognition of year-to-date tax credits from the investments in alternative energy partnerships of $8.8 million and $33.3 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, and $19.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. The Company uses the flow-through income statement method to account for the investment tax credits earned on the solar investments. Under this method, the investment tax credits are recognized as a reduction to income tax expense and the initial book-tax difference in the basis of the investments are recognized as additional tax expense in the year they are earned.
For additional information, see Note 11 to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) included in Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Discontinued Operations
During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company completed the sale of the Banc Home Loans division, which largely represented the Company's Mortgage Banking segment. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 205-20, the Company determined that the sale of the Banc Home Loans division and certain other mortgage banking related assets and liabilities that will be sold or settled separately within one year met the criteria to be classified as a discontinued operation and its operating results and financial condition have been presented as discontinued operations in the consolidated financial statements. Certain components of the Company’s Mortgage Banking segment including MSRs on certain conventional government SFR mortgage loans that were not sold as part of the Banc Home Loans sale, and the repurchase reserves related to previously sold loans, have been classified as continuing operations in the financial statements as they will continue to be part of the Company’s ongoing operations.
The Banc Home Loans division originated conforming SFR mortgage loans and sold these loans in the secondary market. The amount of net revenue on mortgage banking activities was a function of mortgage loans originated for sale and the fair value adjustments of these loans and related derivatives. Net revenue on mortgage banking activities included mark to market pricing adjustments on loan commitments and forward sales contracts, and initial capitalized value of MSRs.
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Interest Income
Interest income of discontinued operations was $0.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $3.2 million, or 77.7 percent, from $4.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, interest income of discontinued operations was $7.0 million, a decrease of $4.0 million, or 36.6 percent, from $11.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in average balance of loans held-for-sale of discontinued operations.
Noninterest Income
Noninterest income of discontinued operations was $462 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2017, a decrease of $52.1 million, or 99.1 percent, from $52.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, noninterest income of discontinued operations was $59.4 million, a decrease of $66.7 million, or 52.9 percent, from $126.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in net revenue from discontinued operations, partially offset by a net gain on disposal of discontinued operations in 2017 periods.
Net gain on disposal of discontinued operations was $211 thousand and $13.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively.
Loan servicing income (loss) was $0 and $1.6 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $2.0 million and $(2.5) million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. As all MSRs in discontinued operations were sold during the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company' did not recognize any loan servicing income in discontinued operations subsequent to the sale of Banc Home Loans division.
Net revenue on mortgage banking activities was $13 thousand and $43.1 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $50.2 million and $127.6 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Bank originated $22.5 million and $1.53 billion, respectively, and sold $111.6 million and $1.86 billion, respectively, of conforming SFR mortgage loans in the secondary market. The net loss and negative margin were $86 thousand and 0.38 percent, respectively, and loan origination fees were $99 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2017. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the net gain and margin were $37.5 million and 2.5 percent, respectively, and loan origination fees were $5.5 million. Included in the net gain is the initial capitalized value of our MSRs, which totaled $574 thousand and $11.7 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Bank originated $1.52 billion and $3.82 billion, respectively, and sold $1.46 billion and $3.74 billion, respectively, of conforming SFR mortgage loans in the secondary market. The net gain and margin were $44.9 million and 2.95 percent, respectively, and loan origination fees were $5.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the net gain and margin were $113.5 million and 2.97 percent, respectively, and loan origination fees were $14.1 million. Included in the net gain is the initial capitalized value of our MSRs, which totaled $13.7 million and $34.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively.
Noninterest Expense
Noninterest expense of discontinued operations was $3.3 million and $60.0 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $38.1 million and $103.1 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to decreases in salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment, data processing and advertising, partially offset by increases in professional fees and a restructuring expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017.
Restructuring expense was $279 thousand and $3.8 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. In connection with the sale of Banc Home Loans division, the Company restructured certain aspects of its infrastructure and back office operations by realigning back office staffing and amending certain system contracts in order to improve the Company's efficiency.
For additional information, see Note 2 to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) included in Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
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FINANCIAL CONDITION
Investment Securities
Investment securities are classified as held-to-maturity or available-for-sale in accordance with GAAP. Investment securities that the Company has the ability and the intent to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity. All other securities are classified as available-for-sale. Investment securities classified as held-to-maturity are carried at amortized cost. Investment securities classified as available-for-sale are carried at their estimated fair values with the changes in fair values recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, as a component of stockholders’ equity. At September 30, 2017, all of the Company’s investment securities were classified as available-for-sale.
The primary goal of our investment securities portfolio is to provide a relatively stable source of interest income while satisfactorily managing risk, including credit risk, reinvestment risk, liquidity risk and interest rate risk. Certain investment securities provide a source of liquidity as collateral for FHLB advances, repurchase agreements, certain public funds deposits, and for Federal Reserve Discount Window availability.
The following table presents the amortized cost and fair value of the investment securities portfolio as of the dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| Amortized Cost |  | Fair Value |  | Unrealized Gain (Loss) |  | Amortized Cost |  | Fair Value |  | Unrealized Gain (Loss)
| (In thousands)
Securities held-to-maturity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 305,918 |  |  | $ | 307,086 |  |  | $ | 1,168 |
Collateralized loan obligations | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 338,226 |  |  | 339,626 |  |  | 1,400 |
Corporate debt securities | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 240,090 |  |  | 253,031 |  |  | 12,941 |
Total securities held-to-maturity | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 884,234 |  |  | $ | 899,743 |  |  | $ | 15,509 |
Securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SBA loan pool securities | $ | 1,056 |  |  | $ | 1,065 |  |  | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | 1,221 |  |  | $ | 1,221 |  |  | $ | — |
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise residential mortgage-backed securities | 503,193 |  |  | 489,117 |  |  | (14,076 | ) |  | 830,682 |  |  | 807,273 |  |  | (23,409 | )
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities | 844 |  |  | 859 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 121,397 |  |  | 117,177 |  |  | (4,220 | )
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities | 305,360 |  |  | 310,917 |  |  | 5,557 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Collateralized loan obligations | 1,808,126 |  |  | 1,819,191 |  |  | 11,065 |  |  | 1,395,094 |  |  | 1,406,869 |  |  | 11,775 |
Corporate debt securities | 123,718 |  |  | 134,515 |  |  | 10,797 |  |  | 48,574 |  |  | 48,948 |  |  | 374 |
Total securities available-for-sale | $ | 2,742,297 |  |  | $ | 2,755,664 |  |  | $ | 13,367 |  |  | $ | 2,396,968 |  |  | $ | 2,381,488 |  |  | $ | (15,480 | )

During the three months ended June 30, 2017, the Company evaluated its securities held-to-maturity and determined that certain securities no longer adhered to the Company’s strategic focus and could be sold to potentially improve the Company’s liquidity position or duration profile. Accordingly, the Company was no longer able to assert that it had the intent to hold these securities until maturity. As a result, the Company transferred all $740.9 million of its securities held-to-maturity to securities available-for-sale, which resulted in a pre-tax increase to accumulated other comprehensive income of $22.0 million as of June 30, 2017. Due to the transfer, the Company’s ability to assert that it has the intent and ability to hold to maturity debt securities will be limited for the foreseeable future.
Securities available-for-sale were $2.76 billion at September 30, 2017, an increase of $374.2 million, or 15.7 percent, from $2.38 billion at December 31, 2016. The increase was mainly due to purchases of $823.8 million and transfers from securities held-to-maturity of $740.9 million, partially offset by sales of $925.1 million, calls and pay-offs of $262.4 million and principal payments of $33.3 million. Securities available-for-sale had a net unrealized gain of $13.4 million at September 30, 2017, compared to a net unrealized loss of $15.5 million at December 31, 2016. The Company continued to reposition its securities available-for-sale portfolio during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 to navigate a volatile rate environment by reducing the overall duration by selling certain longer-duration and fixed-rate mortgage-backed securities and corporate debt securities.
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Collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) totaled $1.81 billion and $1.73 billion, respectively, in amortized cost basis at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016. CLOs are floating rate debt securities backed by pools of senior secured commercial loans to a diverse group of companies across a broad spectrum of industries. Underlying loans are generally secured by a company’s assets such as inventory, equipment, property, and/or real estate. CLOs are structured to diversify exposure to a broad sector of industries. The payments on these commercial loans support interest and principal on the CLOs across classes that range from AAA rated to equity tranches.
The Company believes that its CLO portfolio, consisting entirely of variable rate securities, supports the Company’s interest rate risk management strategy by lowering the extension risk and duration risk inherent to certain fixed rate investment securities. At September 30, 2017, the Company owned AAA and AA rated CLOs and did not own CLOs rated below AA. As all CLOs are also rated above investment grade credit ratings and were diversified across issuers, the Company believes that these CLOs enhance the Company's liquidity position. The Company also maintains pre-purchase due diligence and ongoing review processes by a dedicated credit administration team. The ongoing review process includes monitoring of performance factors including external credit ratings, collateralization levels, collateral concentration levels and other performance factors. The Company only acquires CLOs that are Volcker Rule compliant.
The Company did not record OTTI for investment securities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 or 2016. The Company monitors its securities portfolio to ensure it has adequate credit support. As of September 30, 2017, the Company believed there was no OTTI and did not have the intent to sell these securities and, for securities with fair value below amortized cost at September 30, 2017, it is not likely that it will be required to sell the securities before their anticipated recovery. The Company considers the lowest credit rating for identification of potential OTTI. As of September 30, 2017, all of the Company's investment securities in an unrealized loss position received an investment grade credit rating.
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The following table presents the composition of the repricing and yield information, at amortized cost, of the investment securities portfolio as of September 30, 2017:

| One Year or Less |  | More than One Year through Five Years |  | More than Five Years through Ten Years |  | More than Ten Years |  | Total
| Amortized Cost |  | Weighted Average Yield |  | Amortized Cost |  | Weighted Average Yield |  | Amortized Cost |  | Weighted Average Yield |  | Amortized Cost |  | Weighted Average Yield |  | Amortized Cost |  | Weighted Average Yield
| ($ in thousands)
Securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SBA loan pools securities | $ | — |  |  | — | % |  | $ | — |  |  | — | % |  | $ | — |  |  | — | % |  | $ | 1,056 |  |  | 2.71 | % |  | $ | 1,056 |  |  | 2.71 | %
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise residential mortgage-backed securities | 435 |  |  | 1.45 | % |  | 5,916 |  |  | 1.38 | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 496,842 |  |  | 2.56 | % |  | 503,193 |  |  | 2.55 | %
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities | 99 |  |  | 3.68 | % |  | 378 |  |  | 4.08 | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 367 |  |  | 5.63 | % |  | 844 |  |  | 4.71 | %
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities | 40,436 |  |  | 4.29 | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 182,983 |  |  | 3.89 | % |  | 81,941 |  |  | 3.81 | % |  | 305,360 |  |  | 3.92 | %
Collateralized loan obligations | 1,808,126 |  |  | 3.24 | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 1,808,126 |  |  | 3.24 | %
Corporate debt securities | — |  |  | — | % |  | 15,000 |  |  | 5.00 | % |  | 108,718 |  |  | 5.30 | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 123,718 |  |  | 5.27 | %
Total securities available-for-sale | $ | 1,849,096 |  |  | 3.26 | % |  | $ | 21,294 |  |  | 3.98 | % |  | $ | 291,701 |  |  | 4.42 | % |  | $ | 580,206 |  |  | 2.74 | % |  | $ | 2,742,297 |  |  | 3.28 | %

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Loans Held-for-Sale
Total loans held-for-sale on a consolidated operations basis were $109.1 million and $704.7 million, respectively, at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016. Loans held-for-sale consisted of two components; loans held-for-sale carried at fair value and loans held-for-sale carried at lower of cost or fair value.
Loans held-for-sale carried at fair value are mainly conforming SFR mortgage loans originated through the Company's mortgage banking activities. Loans held-for-sale carried at fair value on a consolidated operations basis were $102.1 million and $417.0 million, respectively, at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The $314.8 million, or 75.5 percent, decrease was mainly due to originations of $1.55 billion and repurchases of $27.3 million, partially offset by sales of $1.88 billion. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company completed the sale of its Banc Home Loans division, which reflected the Company's Mortgage Banking segment, and determined that the sale of Mortgage Banking segment met the criteria to be classified as a discontinued operation. Loans held-for-sale carried at fair value related to the Banc Home Loans division were transferred to Assets of Discontinued Operations on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Such loans totaled $59.0 million and $406.3 million, respectively, at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
Loans held-for-sale carried at the lower of cost or fair value are mainly non-conforming jumbo mortgage loans and SBA loans. Loans held-for-sale carried at the lower of cost or fair value on a consolidated operations basis were $6.9 million and $287.7 million, respectively, at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The $280.7 million, or 97.6 percent, decrease was due mainly to sales of $836.2 million, loans transferred to loans and leases receivable of $88.6 million, and paydowns and amortization of $29.4 million, partially offset by originations of $80.4 million and loans transferred from loans and leases receivable of $593.0 million.
During the three months ended June 30, 2017, the Company transferred seasoned SFR mortgage loans with an aggregate unpaid principal and aggregate carrying value of $168.3 million and $147.9 million, respectively, to loans held-for-sale in order to improve the credit quality of the loan portfolio and provide additional liquidity. The Company transferred these loans at lower of cost or fair value and recorded a fair value adjustment of $1.8 million against its ALLL. During the three months ended September 30, 2017, all of the transferred seasoned SFR mortgage loans were sold and the Company recognized a gain on sale of loans of $4.7 million.
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Loans and Leases Receivable, Net
The following table presents the composition of the Company’s loan and lease portfolio as of the dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | Amount Change |  | Percentage Change
| ($ in thousands)
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 1,602,805 |  |  | $ | 1,522,960 |  |  | $ | 79,845 |  |  | 5.2 | %
Commercial real estate | 713,120 |  |  | 729,959 |  |  | (16,839 | ) |  | (2.3 | )%
Multifamily | 1,617,890 |  |  | 1,365,262 |  |  | 252,628 |  |  | 18.5 | %
SBA | 78,604 |  |  | 73,840 |  |  | 4,764 |  |  | 6.5 | %
Construction | 176,397 |  |  | 125,100 |  |  | 51,297 |  |  | 41.0 | %
Lease financing | 91 |  |  | 379 |  |  | (288 | ) |  | (76.0 | )%
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 1,838,021 |  |  | 2,019,161 |  |  | (181,140 | ) |  | (9.0 | )%
Green Loans (HELOC)—first liens | 82,289 |  |  | 87,469 |  |  | (5,180 | ) |  | (5.9 | )%
Green Loans (HELOC)—second liens | 3,558 |  |  | 3,559 |  |  | (1 | ) |  | — | %
Other consumer | 114,122 |  |  | 107,063 |  |  | 7,059 |  |  | 6.6 | %
Total loans and leases | 6,226,897 |  |  | 6,034,752 |  |  | 192,145 |  |  | 3.2 | %
ALLL | (45,072 | ) |  | (40,444 | ) |  | (4,628 | ) |  | 11.4 | %
Loans and leases receivable, net | $ | 6,181,825 |  |  | $ | 5,994,308 |  |  | $ | 187,517 |  |  | 3.1 | %

Seasoned SFR Mortgage Loans
During the three months ended June 30, 2017, the Company transferred all of its seasoned SFR mortgage loans with an aggregate unpaid principal balance and aggregate carrying value of $168.3 million and $147.9 million, respectively, to loans held-for-sale in order to improve the credit quality of the loan portfolio and provide additional liquidity. The Company transferred these loans at lower of cost or fair value and recorded a fair value adjustment of $1.8 million against its ALLL. This transfer included PCI loans with an aggregate unpaid principal balance and aggregate carrying value of $147.5 million and $128.4 million, respectively, and recorded a fair value adjustment of $274 thousand. Subsequently, all of these loans were sold during the three months ended September 30, 2017. On the date of sale settlement, an aggregate unpaid principal balance and aggregate carrying value were $165.7 million and $144.2 million, respectively, and the Company recognized a gain on sale of $4.7 million.
The Company did not purchase any seasoned SFR mortgage loan pools during the nine months ended September 30, 2017. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company completed a seasoned SFR mortgage loan pool acquisition with unpaid principal balances and fair values of $103.8 million and $91.0 million, respectively, at their acquisition date. The Company determined that loans in this seasoned SFR mortgage loan acquisition reflect credit quality deterioration since origination and it was probable, at acquisition, that all contractually required payments would not be collected. The Company acquired these loans at a discount to both property value and note balance at acquisition.
The total unpaid principal balance and carrying value of the seasoned SFR mortgage loan pools were $177.1 million and $155.2 million, respectively, at December 31, 2016. The total unpaid principal balance and carrying value of PCI loans included in these pools were $153.9 million and $133.2 million, respectively, at December 31, 2016. At December 31, 2016, approximately 4.42 percent of unpaid principal balance of the seasoned SFR mortgage loan pools were delinquent 60 or more days, and 2.39 percent were in bankruptcy or foreclosure, respectively.
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Non-Traditional Mortgage Portfolio
The Company’s NTM portfolio is comprised of three interest only products: Green Loans, Interest Only loans and a small number of additional loans with the potential for negative amortization. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the NTM portfolio totaled $793.9 million, or 12.8 percent of the total gross loan portfolio, and $885.1 million, or 14.7 percent of the total gross loan portfolio, respectively. The total NTM portfolio decreased by $91.2 million, or 10.3 percent during the period. The decrease was primarily due to paydowns and amortization of $127.3 million and loans transferred to held-for-sale of $110.6 million, partially offset by originations of $120.4 million and loans transferred from held-for-sale of $37.4 million of Interest Only loans.
The initial credit guidelines for the NTM portfolio were established based on the borrower's FICO score, LTV ratio, property type, occupancy type, loan amount, and geography. Additionally, from an ongoing credit risk management perspective, the Company has determined that the most significant performance indicators for NTMs are LTV ratios and FICO scores. The Company reviews the NTM loan portfolio periodically, which includes refreshing FICO scores on the Green Loans and HELOCs and ordering third party AVM to confirm collateral values.
Green Loans
The Company discontinued the origination of Green Loan products in 2011. Green Loans are SFR first and second mortgage lines of credit with a linked checking account that allows all types of deposits and withdrawals to be performed. The loans are generally interest only with a 15-year balloon payment due at maturity. The Company initiated the Green Loan products in 2005 and proactively refined underwriting and credit management practices and credit guidelines in response to changing economic environments, competitive conditions and portfolio performance. The Company continues to manage credit risk, to the extent possible, throughout the borrower’s credit cycle.
Green Loans totaled $85.8 million at September 30, 2017, a decrease of $5.2 million, or 5.7 percent from $91.0 million at December 31, 2016, primarily due to reductions in principal balances and payoffs. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, none of the Company’s Green Loans were non-performing. As a result of their unique payment feature, Green Loans possess higher credit risk due to the potential of negative amortization; however, management believes the risk is mitigated through the Company’s loan terms and underwriting standards, including its policies on loan-to-value ratios and the Company’s contractual ability to curtail loans when the value of underlying collateral declines.
The Green Loans are similar to HELOCs in that they are collateralized primarily by the equity in the borrower's home. However, some Green Loans are subject to differences from HELOCs relating to certain characteristics including one-action laws. Similar to Green Loans, HELOCs allow the borrower to draw down on the credit line based on an established loan amount for a period of time, typically 10 years, requiring an interest only payment with an option to pay principal at any time. A typical HELOC provides that at the end of the term the borrower can continue to make monthly principal and interest payments based on the loan balance until the maturity date. The Green Loan is an interest only loan with a maturity of 15 years, at which time the loan comes due and payable with a balloon payment at maturity. The unique payment structure also differs from a traditional HELOC in that payments are made through the direct linkage of a personal checking account to the loan through a nightly sweep of funds into the Green Loan Account. This reduces any outstanding balance on the loan by the total amount deposited into the checking account. As a result, every time a deposit is made, effectively a payment to the Green Loan is made. HELOCs typically do not cause the loan to be paid down by a borrower’s depositing of funds into their checking account at the same bank.
Credit guidelines for Green Loans were established based on borrower FICO scores, property type, occupancy type, loan amount, and geography. Property types include single family residences and second trust deeds where the Company owned the first liens, owner occupied as well as non-owner occupied properties. The Company utilized its underwriting guidelines for first liens to underwrite the Green Loan secured by second trust deeds as if the combined loans were a single Green Loan. For all Green Loans, the loan income was underwritten using either full income documentation or alternative income documentation.
Interest Only Loans
Interest only loans are primarily SFR mortgage loans with payment features that allow interest only payment in initial periods before converting to a fully amortizing loan. Interest only loans totaled $704.4 million at September 30, 2017, a decrease of $80.0 million, or 10.2 percent, from $784.4 million at December 31, 2016. The decrease was primarily due to paydowns and amortization of $127.3 million and loans transferred to held-for-sale of $110.6 million, partially offset by originations of $120.4 million and loans transferred from held-for-sale of $37.4 million. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, $1.2 million and $467 thousand of the interest only loans were non-performing, respectively.
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Loans with the Potential for Negative Amortization
Negative amortization loans other than Green Loans totaled $3.7 million at September 30, 2017, a decrease of $6.0 million, or 61.9 percent, from $9.8 million as of December 31, 2016. The Company discontinued origination of negative amortization loans in 2007. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, none of the loans that had the potential for negative amortization were non-performing. These loans pose a potentially higher credit risk because of the lack of principal amortization and potential for negative amortization; however, management believes the risk is mitigated through the loan terms and underwriting standards, including the Company’s policies on loan-to-value ratios.
NTM Loan Credit Risk Management
The Company performs detailed reviews of collateral values on loans collateralized by residential real property including its NTM portfolio based on appraisals or estimates from third party AVMs to analyze property value trends periodically. AVMs are used to identify loans that have experienced potential collateral deterioration. Once a loan has been identified that may have experienced collateral deterioration, the Company will obtain updated drive by or full appraisals in order to confirm the valuation. This information is used to update key monitoring metrics such as LTV ratios. Additionally, FICO scores are obtained in conjunction with the collateral analysis. In addition to LTV ratios and FICO scores, the Company evaluates the portfolio on a specific loan basis through delinquency and portfolio charge-offs to determine whether any risk mitigation or portfolio management actions are warranted. The borrowers may be contacted as necessary to discuss material changes in loan performance or credit metrics.
The Company’s risk management policy and credit monitoring includes reviewing delinquency, FICO scores, and collateral values on the NTM loan portfolio. The Company also continuously monitors market conditions for our geographic lending areas. The Company has determined that the most significant performance indicators for NTM are LTV ratios and FICO scores. The loan review provides an effective method of identifying borrowers who may be experiencing financial difficulty before they fail to make a loan payment. Upon receipt of the updated FICO scores, an exception report is run to identify loans with a decrease in FICO score of 10 percent or more and a resulting FICO score of 620 or less. The loans are then further analyzed to determine if the risk rating should be downgraded, which may require an increase in the ALLL the Company needs to establish for potential losses. A report is prepared and regularly monitored.
On the interest only loans, the Company projects future payment changes to determine if there will be an increase in payment of 3.50 percent or greater and then monitors the loans for possible delinquencies. The individual loans are monitored for possible downgrading of risk rating, and trends within the portfolio are identified that could affect other interest only loans scheduled for payment changes in the near future.
As these loans are revolving lines of credit, the Company, based on the loan agreement and loan covenants of the particular loan, as well as applicable rules and regulations, could suspend the borrowing privileges or reduce the credit limit at any time the Company reasonably believes that the borrower will be unable to fulfill their repayment obligations under the agreement or certain other conditions are met. In many cases, the decrease in FICO score is the first red flag that the borrower may have difficulty in making their future payment obligations.
As a result, the Company proactively manages the portfolio by performing a detailed analysis with emphasis on the non-traditional mortgage portfolio. The Company’s Internal Asset Review Committee (IARC) conducts regular meetings to review the loans classified as special mention, substandard, or doubtful and determines whether suspension or reduction in credit limit is warranted. If the line has been suspended and the borrower would like to have their credit privileges reinstated, they would need to provide updated financials showing their ability to meet their payment obligations. From the most recent review completed during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company made no curtailment in available commitments on Green Loans.
Consumer and NTM loans may entail greater risk than do traditional SFR mortgage loans, particularly in the case of consumer loans that are secured by rapidly depreciable assets, such as automobiles and recreational vehicles. In these cases, any repossessed collateral for a consumer and NTM loan are more dependent on the borrower‘s continued financial stability and, thus, are more likely to be adversely affected by job loss, divorce, illness, or personal bankruptcy.
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Non-Performing Assets
The following table presents a summary of total non-performing assets, excluding loans held-for-sale, as of the dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | Amount Change |  | Percentage Change
| ($ in thousands)
Loans past due 90 days or more still on accrual | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | NM |
Nonaccrual loans and leases | 12,275 |  |  | 14,942 |  |  | (2,667 | ) |  | (17.8 | )%
Total non-performing loans | 12,275 |  |  | 14,942 |  |  | (2,667 | ) |  | (17.8 | )%
Other real estate owned | 3,682 |  |  | 2,502 |  |  | 1,180 |  |  | 47.2 | %
Total non-performing assets | $ | 15,957 |  |  | $ | 17,444 |  |  | $ | (1,487 | ) |  | (8.5 | )%
Performing restructured loans (1) | $ | 5,668 |  |  | $ | 4,827 |  |  | $ | 841 |  |  | 17.4 | %
Total non-performing loans and leases to total loans and leases | 0.20 | % |  | 0.25 | % |  |  |  |
Total non-performing assets to total assets | 0.16 | % |  | 0.16 | % |  |  |  |
ALLL to non-performing loans and leases | 367.19 | % |  | 270.67 | % |  |  |  |

(1) Excluded from non-performing loans
Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when they become 90 days past due, unless management believes the loan is well secured and in the process of collection. Past due loans may or may not be adequately collateralized, but collection efforts are continuously pursued. Loans may be restructured by management when a borrower experiences changes to their financial condition, causing an inability to meet the original repayment terms, and where we believe the borrower will eventually overcome those circumstances and repay the loan in full.
Additional income of approximately $201 thousand and $371 thousand would have been recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively, had these loans been paid in accordance with their original terms throughout the periods indicated.
Troubled Debt Restructurings
TDRs of loans are defined by ASC 310-40, “Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors” and ASC 470-60, “Troubled Debt Restructurings by Debtors” and evaluated for impairment in accordance with ASC 310-10-35. The concessions may be granted in various forms, including reduction in the stated interest rate, reduction in the amount of principal amortization, forgiveness of a portion of a loan balance or accrued interest, or extension of the maturity date. In order to determine whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, an evaluation is performed of the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification. This evaluation is performed under the Company’s internal underwriting policy.
TDR loans consist of the following as of the dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| NTM Loans |  | Traditional Loans |  | Total |  | NTM Loans |  | Traditional Loans |  | Total
| (In thousands)
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 477 |  |  | 2,666 |  |  | 3,143 |  |  | 853 |  |  | 1,440 |  |  | 2,293 |
Green Loans (HELOC) - first liens | 2,231 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,231 |  |  | 2,240 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,240 |
Green Loans (HELOC) - second liens | 294 |  |  | — |  |  | 294 |  |  | 294 |  |  | — |  |  | 294 |
Total | $ | 3,002 |  |  | $ | 2,666 |  |  | $ | 5,668 |  |  | $ | 3,387 |  |  | $ | 1,440 |  |  | $ | 4,827 |

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Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
The Company maintains an ALLL to absorb probable incurred losses inherent in the loan and lease portfolio at the balance sheet date. The ALLL is based on ongoing assessment of the estimated probable losses presently inherent in the loan portfolio. In evaluating the level of the ALLL, management considers the types of loans and leases and the amount of loans and leases in the portfolio, peer group information, historical loss experience, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral, and prevailing economic conditions. This methodology takes into account many factors, including the Company’s own historical and peer loss trends, loan and lease-level credit quality ratings, loan and lease specific attributes along with a review of various credit metrics and trends. The process involves subjective as well as complex judgments. In addition, the Company uses adjustments for numerous factors including those found in the federal banking agencies' joint Interagency Policy Statement on ALLL, which include current economic conditions, loan and lease seasoning, underwriting experience, and collateral value changes among others. The Company evaluates all impaired loans and leases individually using guidance from ASC 310 primarily through the evaluation of cash flows or collateral values. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company, as part of its continuous evaluation of the ALLL methodology and assumptions, determined it appropriate to change from a rolling 28-quarter look-back period to a cumulative look-back period with a pegged (fixed) starting point (the quarter ended March 31, 2008). The Company believes that an extended period of observed credit loss stability warranted the review of a longer historical period that captured a full credit cycle. Accordingly, as of June 30, 2017 and September 30, 2017, the Company's look-back-period was extended to 37-quarters and 38-quarters, respectively. During the second and third quarter of 2017, the Company further enhanced the methodology of measuring qualitative adjustments and loan segmentation, and performed an annual update of loss emergence period assumptions. These updates were designed to be systematic, transparent, and repeatable. The annual update of the loss emergence period resulted an increase of $1.9 million in the ALLL at September 30, 2017. The updates on qualitative adjustments and loan segmentation did not have a material impact.
The Company had acquired PCI loans through business acquisitions and purchases of seasoned SFR mortgage loan pools. The Company recognized a provision for loan and lease losses when there is further credit deterioration in these loans resulting in a decrease in the cash flows expected to be collected. On a quarterly basis, the Company re-forecasted its expected cash flows for the PCI loans. The ALLL for PCI loans reflects a decrease in expected cash flows compared to those previously estimated. At September 30, 2017, the Company did not have any outstanding PCI loans.The impairment reserve for PCI loans was $104 thousand at December 31, 2016.
Provision for loan and lease losses was $3.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $969 thousand, or 37.4 percent, from $2.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. Provision for loan and lease losses was $8.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $4.0 million, or 84.7 percent, from $4.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase was mainly due to the enhancements to the methodology used to measure qualitative adjustments and an increase in the loss emergence period made during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
The following table provides a summary of the allocation of the ALLL by loan and lease category as well as loans and leases receivable for each category as of the dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| ALLL |  | Loans and Leases Receivable |  | ALLL |  | Loans and Leases Receivable
| (In thousands)
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 12,500 |  |  | $ | 1,602,805 |  |  | $ | 7,584 |  |  | $ | 1,522,960 |
Commercial real estate | 5,328 |  |  | 713,120 |  |  | 5,467 |  |  | 729,959 |
Multifamily | 11,274 |  |  | 1,617,890 |  |  | 11,376 |  |  | 1,365,262 |
SBA | 1,297 |  |  | 78,604 |  |  | 939 |  |  | 73,840 |
Construction | 3,212 |  |  | 176,397 |  |  | 2,015 |  |  | 125,100 |
Lease financing | 2 |  |  | 91 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 379 |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage | 10,367 |  |  | 1,920,310 |  |  | 12,075 |  |  | 2,106,630 |
Other consumer | 1,092 |  |  | 117,680 |  |  | 982 |  |  | 110,622 |
Total | $ | 45,072 |  |  | $ | 6,226,897 |  |  | $ | 40,444 |  |  | $ | 6,034,752 |

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The following table provides information regarding activity in the ALLL during the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| ($ in thousands)
ALLL at beginning of period | $ | 42,385 |  |  | $ | 37,483 |  |  | $ | 40,444 |  |  | $ | 35,533 |
Charge-offs: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | (571 | ) |  | — |  |  | (953 | ) |  | (137 | )
Commercial real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | (113 | ) |  | — |
Multifamily | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
SBA | (58 | ) |  | — |  |  | (351 | ) |  | — |
Construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | (29 | ) |  | — |
Lease financing | — |  |  | (393 | ) |  | — |  |  | (974 | )
Single family residential mortgage | (78 | ) |  | — |  |  | (2,490 | ) |  | (149 | )
Other consumer | (252 | ) |  | — |  |  | (278 | ) |  | (7 | )
Total charge-offs | (959 | ) |  | (393 | ) |  | (4,214 | ) |  | (1,267 | )
Recoveries: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | — |  |  | 224 |  |  | — |  |  | 224 |
Commercial real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 371 |
Multifamily | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
SBA | 83 |  |  | 67 |  |  | 157 |  |  | 343 |
Construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Lease financing | — |  |  | 98 |  |  | 29 |  |  | 183 |
Single family residential mortgage | — |  |  | 157 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 157 |
Other consumer | 2 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 7 |
Total recoveries | 85 |  |  | 551 |  |  | 195 |  |  | 1,285 |
Provision for loan and lease losses | 3,561 |  |  | 2,592 |  |  | 8,647 |  |  | 4,682 |
ALLL at end of period | $ | 45,072 |  |  | $ | 40,233 |  |  | $ | 45,072 |  |  | $ | 40,233 |
Average total loans and leases held-for-investment | $ | 5,938,112 |  |  | $ | 6,333,848 |  |  | $ | 6,028,076 |  |  | $ | 5,765,375 |
Total loans and leases held-for-investment at end of period | $ | 6,226,897 |  |  | $ | 6,568,791 |  |  | $ | 6,226,897 |  |  | $ | 6,568,791 |
Ratios: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Annualized net charge-offs (recoveries) to average total loans and leases held-for-investment | 0.06 | % |  | (0.01 | )% |  | 0.09 | % |  | (0.01 | )%
ALLL to total loans and leases held-for-investment | 0.72 | % |  | 0.61 | % |  | 0.72 | % |  | 0.61 | %

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The following table presents the ALLL allocation among loan and lease origination types as of the dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | Amount Change |  | Percentage Change
| ($ in thousands)
Loan breakdown by ALLL evaluation type: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Originated loans and leases |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 15,485 |  |  | $ | 10,168 |  |  | $ | 5,317 |  |  | 52.3 | %
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 5,472,533 |  |  | 4,933,381 |  |  | 539,152 |  |  | 10.9 | %
Acquired loans not impaired at acquisition |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | 430 |  |  | 2,429 |  |  | (1,999 | ) |  | (82.3 | )%
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 738,449 |  |  | 924,993 |  |  | (186,544 | ) |  | (20.2 | )%
Seasoned SFR mortgage loan pools - non-impaired |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | — |  |  | 755 |  |  | (755 | ) |  | (100.0 | )%
Collectively evaluated for impairment | — |  |  | 21,200 |  |  | (21,200 | ) |  | (100.0 | )%
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality | — |  |  | 141,826 |  |  | (141,826 | ) |  | (100.0 | )%
Total loans | $ | 6,226,897 |  |  | $ | 6,034,752 |  |  | $ | 192,145 |  |  | 3.2 | %
ALLL breakdown: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Originated loans and leases |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 407 |  |  | $ | 137 |  |  | $ | 270 |  |  | 197.1 | %
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 43,316 |  |  | 38,394 |  |  | 4,922 |  |  | 12.8 | %
Acquired loans not impaired at acquisition |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | 8 |  |  | NM |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 1,341 |  |  | 1,703 |  |  | (362 | ) |  | (21.3 | )%
Seasoned SFR mortgage loan pools - non-impaired |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | — |  |  | 106 |  |  | (106 | ) |  | (100.0 | )%
Collectively evaluated for impairment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | NM |
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality | — |  |  | 104 |  |  | (104 | ) |  | (100.0 | )%
Total ALLL | $ | 45,072 |  |  | $ | 40,444 |  |  | $ | 4,628 |  |  | 11.4 | %
Discount on purchased/acquired Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Acquired loans through business acquisitions not impaired at acquisition | $ | 15,983 |  |  | $ | 17,820 |  |  | $ | (1,837 | ) |  | (10.3 | )%
Seasoned SFR mortgage loan pools - non-impaired | — |  |  | 1,280 |  |  | (1,280 | ) |  | (100.0 | )%
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality | — |  |  | 22,454 |  |  | (22,454 | ) |  | (100.0 | )%
Total discount | $ | 15,983 |  |  | $ | 41,554 |  |  | $ | (25,571 | ) |  | (61.5 | )%
Ratios: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
To originated loans and leases: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | 2.63 | % |  | 1.35 | % |  | 1.28 | % |  |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 0.79 | % |  | 0.78 | % |  | 0.01 | % |  |
Total ALLL | 0.80 | % |  | 0.78 | % |  | 0.02 | % |  |
To originated loans and leases and acquired loans not impaired at acquisition |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | 2.61 | % |  | 1.09 | % |  | 1.52 | % |  |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 0.72 | % |  | 0.68 | % |  | 0.04 | % |  |
Total ALLL | 0.72 | % |  | 0.69 | % |  | 0.03 | % |  |
To total loans and leases: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | 2.61 | % |  | 1.82 | % |  | 0.79 | % |  |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 0.72 | % |  | 0.68 | % |  | 0.04 | % |  |
Total ALLL | 0.72 | % |  | 0.67 | % |  | 0.05 | % |  |

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Servicing Rights
Total mortgage and SBA servicing rights were $40.4 million and $77.6 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The fair value of the MSRs amounted to $38.7 million and $76.1 million and the amortized cost of the SBA servicing rights was $1.7 million and $1.5 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The Company retains servicing rights from certain of its sales of SFR mortgage loans and SBA loans.
The aggregate principal balance of the loans underlying our total MSRs and SBA servicing rights was $4.22 billion and $92.2 million, respectively, at September 30, 2017 and $7.58 billion and $74.0 million, respectively, at December 31, 2016. The recorded amount of the MSR and SBA servicing rights as a percentage of the unpaid principal balance of the loans we are servicing was 0.92 percent and 1.88 percent, respectively, at September 30, 2017 as compared to 1.00 percent and 2.02 percent, respectively, at December 31, 2016.
During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company entered into a flow-agreement establishing general terms for the purchase and sale to a third party MSR investor in connection with residential mortgage loan sales to GSEs. The flow-agreement allowed the Company to sell its MSRs to a third party MSR investor contemporaneous with the Company’s sales of its servicing retained residential mortgages to the GSEs. Accordingly, entering into the flow-agreement reduced the impact of volatility associated with the Company's MSRs by allowing the Company to sell its MSRs immediately, thus reducing the Company's exposure to market and other conditions. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company suspended sales of MSRs under the flow-agreement. The Company does not expect to resume sales under the flow-agreement as it has discontinued its Mortgage Banking segment operations.
The Company sold $37.8 million of MSRs as a part of discontinued operations during the three months ended March 31, 2017.
For additional information, see Note 6 to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) included in Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
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Alternative Energy Partnerships
The Company invests in certain alternative energy partnerships (limited liability companies) formed to provide sustainable energy projects that are designed to generate a return primarily through the realization of federal tax credits (energy tax credits) and other tax benefits. The investment helps promote the development of renewable energy sources and help lower the cost of housing for residents by lowering homeowners’ monthly utility costs.
As the Company’s respective investments in these entities are more than minor, the Company has significant influence, but not control, over the investee’s activities that most significantly impact its economic performance. As a result, the Company is required to apply the equity method of accounting, which generally prescribes applying the percentage ownership interest to the investee’s GAAP net income in order to determine the investor’s earnings or losses in a given period. However, because the liquidation rights, tax credit allocations and other benefits to investors can change upon the occurrence of specified events, application of the equity method based on the underlying ownership percentages would not accurately represent the Company’s investment. As a result, the Company applies the HLBV method of the equity method of accounting.
The HLBV method is a balance sheet approach where a calculation is prepared at each balance sheet date to estimate the amount that the Company would receive if the equity investment entity were to liquidate all of its assets (as valued in accordance with GAAP) and distribute that cash to the investors based on the contractually defined liquidation priorities. The difference between the calculated liquidation distribution amounts at the beginning and the end of the reporting period, after adjusting for capital contributions and distributions, is the Company’s share of the earnings or losses from the equity investment for the period.
The following table presents the activity related to the Company’s investment in alternative energy partnerships for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 37,605 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 25,639 |  |  | $ | — |
New funding | 14,986 |  |  | 41,572 |  |  | 45,926 |  |  | 41,572 |
Cash distribution from investments | (426 | ) |  | — |  |  | (957 | ) |  | — |
Loss on investments using HLBV method | (8,348 | ) |  | (17,660 | ) |  | (26,791 | ) |  | (17,660 | )
Balance at end of period | $ | 43,817 |  |  | $ | 23,912 |  |  | $ | 43,817 |  |  | $ | 23,912 |
Unfunded equity commitments | $ | 96,733 |  |  | $ | 58,428 |  |  | $ | 96,733 |  |  | $ | 58,428 |

The Company’s investments in alternative energy partnerships are primarily returned through the realization of energy tax credits and other tax benefits rather than through distributions or through the sale of the investment. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company recognized energy tax credits of $8.8 million and $33.3 million, respectively, offset by $1.5 million and $5.8 million, respectively, of deferred tax expenses in connection with new equipment being placed into service as well as income tax benefits of $3.0 million and $10.4 million, respectively, (based on a current effective tax rate of 34.44 percent and 38.96 percent, respectively, which excludes the foregoing energy tax credits and related deferred tax expense) related to the recognition of its loss through its HLBV application. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company recognized energy tax credits of $19.4 million, offset by $3.4 million of deferred tax expenses in connection with new equipment being placed into service as well as income tax benefits of $7.2 million (based on a current effective tax rate of 40.79 percent, which excludes the foregoing energy tax credits and related deferred tax expense) related to the recognition of its loss through its HLBV application.
The HLBV loss for the period is largely driven by accelerated tax depreciation on equipment and the recognition of energy tax credits which reduces the amount distributable by the investee in a hypothetical liquidation under the contractual liquidation provisions.
For additional information, see Note 17 to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) included in Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
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Deposits
The following table shows the composition of deposits by type as of the dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | Amount Change |  | Percentage Change
| ($ in thousands)
Noninterest-bearing deposits | $ | 1,075,782 |  |  | $ | 1,282,629 |  |  | $ | (206,847 | ) |  | (16.1 | )%
Interest-bearing demand deposits | 2,011,943 |  |  | 2,048,839 |  |  | (36,896 | ) |  | (1.8 | )%
Money market accounts | 1,728,937 |  |  | 2,731,314 |  |  | (1,002,377 | ) |  | (36.7 | )%
Savings accounts | 945,699 |  |  | 1,118,175 |  |  | (172,476 | ) |  | (15.4 | )%
Certificates of deposit of $250,000 or less | 1,140,554 |  |  | 1,550,235 |  |  | (409,681 | ) |  | (26.4 | )%
Certificates of deposit of more than $250,000 | 500,678 |  |  | 410,958 |  |  | 89,720 |  |  | 21.8 | %
Total deposits | $ | 7,403,593 |  |  | $ | 9,142,150 |  |  | $ | (1,738,557 | ) |  | (19.0 | )%

Total deposits were $7.40 billion at September 30, 2017, a decrease of $1.74 billion, or 19.0 percent, from $9.14 billion at December 31, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to the Company's strategic reduction of brokered and other high-rate and high-volatility deposits during the three months ended September 30, 2017. Brokere d deposits were $1.25 billion at September 30, 2017, a decrease of $994.2 million, or 44.2 percent, from $2.25 billion at December 31, 2016.
Borrowings
The Company utilizes FHLB advances and securities sold under repurchase agreements to leverage its capital base, to provide funds for its lending activities, as a source of liquidity, and to enhance its interest rate risk management. The Company also maintains additional borrowing availabilities from FRB discount window and unsecured federal funds lines of credit.
FHLB advances totaled $1.47 billion and $490.0 million, respectively, and securities sold under repurchase agreements totaled $36.5 million and $0, respectively, at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016. On June 30, 2017, the Company voluntarily terminated a line of credit of $75.0 million that it maintained at the holding company level with an unaffiliated financial institution. The line had a maturity date of July 17, 2017. The Company had $50 million of borrowings outstanding under the line, which were repaid in connection with the termination of the line.
For additional information, see Note 9 to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) included in Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Long Term Debt
The following table presents the Company's long term debts as of the dates indicated:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| Par Value |  | Unamortized Debt Issuance Cost and Discount |  | Par Value |  | Unamortized Debt Issuance Cost and Discount
| ($ in thousands)
Senior Notes II, 5.25% per annum | $ | 175,000 |  |  | $ | 2,135 |  |  | $ | 175,000 |  |  | $ | 2,281 |
Amortizing Notes, 7.50% per annum | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,684 |  |  | 25 |
Total | $ | 175,000 |  |  | $ | 2,135 |  |  | $ | 177,684 |  |  | $ | 2,306 |

On April 15, 2016, the Company completed the redemption of all of its outstanding Senior Notes I, which had an aggregate outstanding principal amount of $84.8 million, at a redemption price of 100 percent of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date.
On May 15, 2017, the Company made the final installment payment on the Amortizing Notes.
For additional information, see Note 10 to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) included Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
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Reserve for Unfunded Loan Commitments
The Company maintains a reserve for unfunded loan commitments at a level that is considered adequate to cover the estimated and known inherent risks. The probability of usage of the unfunded loan commitments and credit risk factors are determined based on outstanding loans that share similar credit risk exposure. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the reserve for unfunded loan commitments was $4.6 million and $2.4 million, respectively. The increase was mainly due to an increase in unfunded loan commitments.
The following table presents a summary of activity in the reserve for unfunded loan commitments for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 4,014 |  |  | $ | 1,851 |  |  | $ | 2,385 |  |  | $ | 2,067 |
Provision for unfunded loan commitments | 628 |  |  | 401 |  |  | 2,257 |  |  | 185 |
Balance at end of period | $ | 4,642 |  |  | $ | 2,252 |  |  | $ | 4,642 |  |  | $ | 2,252 |

Reserve for Loss on Repurchased Loans
Reserve for loss on repurchased loans was $6.2 million and 8.0 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. This reserve relates to the Company's mortgage banking activities. When the Company sells residential mortgage loans into the secondary mortgage market, the Company makes customary representations and warranties to the purchasers about various characteristics of each loan, such as the manner of origination, the nature and extent of underwriting standards applied and the types of documentation being provided. Typically, these representations and warranties are in place for the life of the loan. If a defect in the origination process is identified, the Company may be required to either repurchase the loan or indemnify the purchaser for losses it sustains on the loan. If there are no such defects, generally the Company has no liability to the purchaser for losses it may incur on such loan. In addition, the Company has the option to buy out severely delinquent loans at par from Ginnie Mae pools for which the Company is the servicer and issuer of the pool. The Company maintains a reserve for losses on repurchased loans to account for the expected losses related to loans the Company might be required to repurchase (or the indemnity payments the Company may have to make to purchasers). The reserve takes into account both the estimate of expected losses on loans sold during the current accounting period, as well as adjustments to the previous estimates of expected losses on loans sold. In each case, these estimates are based on the most recent data available, including data from third parties, regarding demand for loan repurchases, actual loan repurchases, and actual credit losses on repurchased loans, among other factors.
Provisions added to the reserve for loss on repurchased loans are initially recorded against net revenue on mortgage banking activities at the time of sale, and any subsequent increase or decrease in the provision is then recorded under non-interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as an increase or decrease to provision for loan repurchases.
The following table presents a summary of activity in the reserve for losses on repurchased loans for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
| (In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 8,028 |  |  | $ | 10,438 |  |  | $ | 7,974 |  |  | $ | 9,700 |
Initial provision for loan repurchases | 98 |  |  | 1,192 |  |  | 1,613 |  |  | 2,922 |
Subsequent change in the provision | (749 | ) |  | 49 |  |  | (1,477 | ) |  | (451 | )
Utilization of reserve for loan repurchases | (1,204 | ) |  | (310 | ) |  | (1,937 | ) |  | (802 | )
Balance at end of period | $ | 6,173 |  |  | $ | 11,369 |  |  | $ | 6,173 |  |  | $ | 11,369 |

The Company believes that all known or probable and estimable demands were adequately reserved at September 30, 2017.
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Liquidity Management
The Company is required to maintain sufficient liquidity to ensure a safe and sound operation. Liquidity may increase or decrease depending upon availability of funds and comparative yields on investments in relation to the return on loans. Historically, the Company has maintained liquid assets above levels believed to be adequate to meet the requirements of normal operations, including potential deposit outflows, and dividend payments. Cash flow projections are regularly reviewed and updated to ensure that adequate liquidity is maintained.
Banc of California, N.A.
The Bank's liquidity, represented by cash and cash equivalents and securities available-for-sale, is a product of its operating, investing, and financing activities. The Bank's primary sources of funds are deposits, payments and maturities of outstanding loans and investment securities; and other short-term investments and funds provided from operations. While scheduled payments from the amortization of loans and investment securities, and maturing investment securities and short-term investments are relatively predictable sources of funds, deposit flows and loan prepayments are greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions, and competition. In addition, the Bank invests excess funds in short-term interest-earning assets, which provide liquidity to meet lending requirements. The Bank also generates cash through borrowings. The Bank mainly utilizes FHLB advances and securities sold under repurchase agreements to leverage its capital base, to provide funds for its lending activities, as a source of liquidity, and to enhance its interest rate risk management. The Bank also has the ability to obtain brokered deposits and collect deposits through the wholesale and treasury operations. Liquidity management is both a daily and long-term function of business management. Any excess liquidity is typically invested in federal funds or investment securities. On a longer-term basis, the Bank maintains a strategy of investing in various lending products. The Bank uses its sources of funds primarily to meet its ongoing loan and other commitments, and to pay maturing certificates of deposit and savings withdrawals.
Banc of California, Inc.
The primary sources of funds for Banc of California, Inc., on a stand-alone holding company basis, are dividends and intercompany tax payments from the Bank, outside borrowing, and its ability to raise capital and issue debt securities. Dividends from the Bank are largely dependent upon the Bank's earnings and are subject to restrictions under certain regulations that limit its ability to transfer funds to the holding company. OCC regulations impose various restrictions on the ability of a bank to make capital distributions, which include dividends, stock redemptions or repurchases, and certain other items. Generally, a well-capitalized bank may make capital distributions during any calendar year equal to up to 100 percent of net income for the year-to-date plus retained net income for the two preceding years without prior OCC approval. On this basis, at September 30, 2017, the Bank had $263.4 million available to pay dividends to the holding company. At September 30, 2017, Banc of California, Inc. had $46.9 million in cash, all of which was on deposit at the Bank.
On a consolidated basis, the Company maintained $611.8 million of cash and cash equivalents, which was 6.0 percent of total assets. The Company's cash and cash equivalents increased by $172.3 million, or 39.2 percent, from $439.5 million, or 4.0 percent of total assets, at December 31, 2016. The increase was mainly due to sales of loans and securities, and increases in overall borrowings, partially offset by a decrease in deposits. The Company strategically decreased its securities available-for-sale portfolio to navigate a volatile rate environment by reducing the overall duration by selling longer-duration and fixed-rate mortgage-backed securities and corporate debt securities. The decrease in loan balances was largely driven by the sale of Banc Home Loans division during the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The Company also reduced the reliance on brokered and other high-rate and high-volatility deposits by replacing with more predictable advances from FHLB with the anticipation of increasing core deposits to fund new loan origination. All of these strategic actions were taken in order to expand core lending activities across the organization, while reducing risk on the Company's balance sheet.
At September 30, 2017, the Bank had available unused secured borrowing capacities of $918.2 million from FHLB and $124.7 million from Federal Reserve Discount Window, as well as $210.0 million from unused unsecured federal funds lines of credit at the Bank. The Bank also maintained repurchase agreements and $36.5 million of outstanding securities sold under agreements to repurchase at September 30, 2017. Availabilities and terms on repurchase agreements are subject to the counterparties' discretion and pledging additional investment securities. The Company also maintained unpledged securities available-for-sale of $2.04 billion at September 30, 2017.
On June 30, 2017, the Company voluntarily terminated a line of credit of $75.0 million that was maintained at the holding company level with an unaffiliated financial institution. The line originally had a maturity date of July 17, 2017. The Company had $50.0 million of borrowings outstanding under the line, which were repaid in connection with the termination of the line.
The Company believes that its liquidity sources are stable and are adequate to meet its day-to-day cash flow requirements. As of September 30, 2017, the Company believes that there are no events, uncertainties, material commitments, or capital expenditures that were reasonably likely to have a material effect on its liquidity position.
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Commitments and Contractual Obligations
The following table presents the Company’s commitments and contractual obligations as of September 30, 2017:

| Commitments and Contractual Obligations
| Total Amount Committed |  | Less Than One Year |  | More Than One Year Through Three Years |  | More Than Three Year Through Five Years |  | Over Five Years
| (In thousands)
Commitments to extend credit | $ | 267,229 |  |  | $ | 56,780 |  |  | $ | 131,982 |  |  | $ | 50,625 |  |  | $ | 27,842 |
Unused lines of credit | 1,314,269 |  |  | 903,062 |  |  | 126,672 |  |  | 128,009 |  |  | 156,526 |
Standby letters of credit | 9,266 |  |  | 7,094 |  |  | 46 |  |  | 2,106 |  |  | 20 |
Total commitments | $ | 1,590,764 |  |  | $ | 966,936 |  |  | $ | 258,700 |  |  | $ | 180,740 |  |  | $ | 184,388 |
FHLB advances | $ | 1,470,000 |  |  | $ | 1,345,000 |  |  | $ | 25,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 100,000 |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 36,520 |  |  | 36,520 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Long-term debt | 248,501 |  |  | 9,188 |  |  | 18,375 |  |  | 18,375 |  |  | 202,563 |
Operating and capital lease obligations | 31,120 |  |  | 7,676 |  |  | 11,464 |  |  | 6,486 |  |  | 5,494 |
Certificate of deposits | 1,641,232 |  |  | 1,525,773 |  |  | 108,299 |  |  | 6,660 |  |  | 500 |
Total contractual obligations | $ | 3,427,373 |  |  | $ | 2,924,157 |  |  | $ | 163,138 |  |  | $ | 31,521 |  |  | $ | 308,557 |

During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Bank entered into certain definitive agreements which grant the Bank the exclusive naming rights to the soccer stadium of LAFC as well as the right to be the official bank of LAFC. In exchange for the Bank’s rights as set forth in the agreements, the Bank agreed to pay LAFC $100.0 million over a period of 15 years, beginning in 2017 and ending in 2032. As of September 30, 2017, the Company paid $10.0 million of the commitment.
The Company had unfunded commitments of $16.2 million, $10.9 million, and $97.2 million for Affordable House Fund Investment, SBIC, and Other Investments including investments in alternative energy partnerships at September 30, 2017, respectively.
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Capital
In order to maintain an adequate level of capital, the Company continuously assesses projected sources and uses of capital to support projected asset growth, operating needs and credit risk. The Company considers, among other things, earnings generated from operations and access to capital from financial markets through issuing additional preferred and common stock to meet the Company's capital requirements for the foreseeable future. In addition, the Company performs capital stress tests on an annual basis to assess the impact of adverse changes in the economy on the Company's capital base.
Regulatory Capital
The Company and the Bank are subject to the regulatory capital adequacy guidelines that are established by the Federal banking regulators. In July 2013, the Federal banking regulators approved a final rule to implement the revised capital adequacy standards of the Basel III and to address relevant provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act. The final rule strengthens the definition of regulatory capital, increases risk-based capital requirements, makes selected changes to the calculation of risk-weighted assets, and adjusts the prompt corrective action thresholds. The Company and the Bank became subject to the new rule on January 1, 2015 and certain provisions of the new rule will be phased in through 2019. For additional information on BASEL III capital rules, see Note 16 to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) included in Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The following table presents the regulatory capital ratios for the Company and the Bank as of dates indicated:

| Banc of California, Inc. |  | Banc of California, NA |  | Minimum Regulatory Requirements |  | Well Capitalized Requirements (Bank)
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total risk-based capital ratio | 14.48 | % |  | 16.39 | % |  | 8.00 | % |  | 10.00 | %
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio | 13.77 | % |  | 15.68 | % |  | 6.00 | % |  | 8.00 | %
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio | 9.91 | % |  | 15.68 | % |  | 4.50 | % |  | 6.50 | %
Tier 1 leverage ratio | 9.55 | % |  | 10.88 | % |  | 4.00 | % |  | 5.00 | %
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total risk-based capital ratio | 13.70 | % |  | 14.73 | % |  | 8.00 | % |  | 10.00 | %
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio | 13.22 | % |  | 14.12 | % |  | 6.00 | % |  | 8.00 | %
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio | 9.44 | % |  | 14.12 | % |  | 4.50 | % |  | 6.50 | %
Tier 1 leverage ratio | 8.17 | % |  | 8.71 | % |  | 4.00 | % |  | 5.00 | %

In addition, the Dodd-Frank Act requires publicly-traded bank holding companies with assets of $10 billion or more to perform capital stress testing and establish a risk committee responsible for enterprise-wide risk management practices, comprised of independent directors, including one risk management expert. These provisions become applicable if the average of the total consolidated assets of the bank holding company, as reported in its quarterly Consolidated Financial Statements for Bank Holding Companies, for the four most recent consecutive quarters exceed $10 billion. The Dodd-Frank Act Stress Tests (DFAST) stress tests are designed to determine whether the capital planning of the Company, assessment of its capital adequacy and risk management practices adequately protect it and its affiliates in the event of an economic downturn. The Company must establish adequate internal controls, documentation, policies and procedures to ensure the annual stress test adequately meets these objectives. The board of directors of the Company will be required to review the Company’s policies and procedures at least annually. The Company will be required to report the results of its annual stress tests to the Federal Reserve, and it will be required to consider the results of the Company’s stress tests as part of its capital planning and risk management practices. If a bank holding company fails DFAST when it is a mandatorily compliant, then such failure could result in, for example, restrictions on the Company’s growth, its ability to both pay dividends and repurchase shares.
As the Company exceeded the $10 billion threshold for four consecutive quarters during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company will be subject to the DFAST regime commencing on January 1, 2018.
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ITEM 3 — QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Our Risk When Interest Rates Change. The rates of interest we earn on assets and pay on liabilities generally are established contractually for a period of time. Market interest rates change over time. Accordingly, our results of operations, like those of other financial institutions, are impacted by changes in interest rates and the interest rate sensitivity of our assets and liabilities. The risk associated with changes in interest rates and our ability to adapt to these changes is known as interest rate risk and is our most significant market risk.
How We Measure Our Risk of Interest Rate Changes. As part of our attempt to manage our exposure to changes in interest rates and comply with applicable regulations, we monitor our interest rate risk. In monitoring interest rate risk we continually analyze and manage assets and liabilities based on their payment streams and interest rates, the timing of their maturities and/or prepayments, and their sensitivity to actual or potential changes in market interest rates.
In order to manage the potential for adverse effects of material and prolonged increases in interest rates on our results of operations, we adopted asset and liability management policies to better align the maturities and repricing terms of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. These policies are implemented by the asset and liability management committee. The asset and liability management committee is chaired by the treasurer and is comprised of members of our senior management. Asset and liability management policies establish guidelines for the volume and mix of assets and funding sources taking into account relative costs and spreads, interest rate sensitivity and liquidity needs, while the asset liability management committee monitors adherence to these guidelines. The objectives are to manage assets and funding sources to produce results that are consistent with liquidity, capital adequacy, growth, risk, and profitability goals. The asset and liability management committee meets periodically to review, among other things, economic conditions and interest rate outlook, current and projected liquidity needs and capital position, anticipated changes in the volume and mix of assets and liabilities and interest rate risk exposure limits versus current projections pursuant to our net present value of equity analysis. At each meeting, the asset and liability management committee recommends appropriate strategy changes based on this review. The treasurer or his/her designee is responsible for reviewing and reporting on the effects of the policy implementations and strategies to the board of directors on a regular basis.
In order to manage our assets and liabilities and achieve the desired liquidity, credit quality, interest rate risk, profitability and capital targets, we evaluate various strategies including:

• | Originating and purchasing adjustable-rate mortgage loans,

• | Originating shorter-term consumer loans,

• | Managing the duration of investment securities,

• | Managing our deposits to establish stable deposit relationships,

• | Using FHLB advances and/or certain derivatives such as swaps to align maturities and repricing terms, and

• | Managing the percentage of fixed-rate loans in our portfolio.

At times, depending on the level of general interest rates, the relationship between long- and short-term interest rates, market conditions and competitive factors, the asset and liability management committee may determine to change the Company’s interest rate risk position within the asset liability tolerance set by the Bank’s policies.
As part of its procedures, the asset and liability management committee regularly reviews interest rate risk by forecasting the impact of alternative interest rate environments on net interest income and market value of portfolio equity, which is defined as the net present value of an institution’s existing assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet instruments, and evaluating such impacts against the maximum potential changes in net interest income and market value of portfolio equity that are authorized by the Board of Directors of the Company.
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Interest Rate Sensitivity of Economic Value of Equity and Net Interest Income
The following table presents the projected change in the Bank’s economic value of equity and net interest income at September 30, 2017 that would occur upon an immediate change in interest rates based on independent analysis, but without giving effect to any steps that management might take to counteract that change.

| September 30, 2017
Change in Interest Rates in Basis Points (bp) (1) | Economic Value of Equity |  | Net Interest Income
Amount |  | Amount Change |  | Percentage Change |  | Amount |  | Amount Change |  | Percentage Change
| ($ in thousands)
+200 bp | $ | 1,224,091 |  |  | $ | (94,800 | ) |  | (7.2 | )% |  | $ | 295,376 |  |  | $ | (5,433 | ) |  | (1.8 | )%
+100 bp | 1,285,907 |  |  | (32,984 | ) |  | (2.5 | )% |  | 298,537 |  |  | (2,272 | ) |  | (0.8 | )%
0 bp | 1,318,891 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 300,809 |  |  |  |  |
-100 bp | 1,320,172 |  |  | 1,281 |  |  | 0.1 | % |  | 298,558 |  |  | (2,251 | ) |  | (0.7 | )%

(1) | Assumes an instantaneous uniform change in interest rates at all maturities

As with any method of measuring interest rate risk, certain shortcomings are inherent in the method of analysis presented in the foregoing table. For example, although certain assets and liabilities may have similar maturities or periods to repricing, they may react in different degrees to changes in market interest rates. Also, the interest rates on certain types of assets and liabilities may fluctuate in advance of changes in market interest rates, while interest rates on other types may lag behind changes in market rates. Additionally, certain assets, such as adjustable rate mortgage loans, have features which restrict changes in interest rates on a short-term basis and over the life of the asset. Further, if interest rates change, expected rates of prepayments on loans and early withdrawals from certificates of deposit could deviate significantly from those assumed in calculating the table.
At September 30, 2017, the Company did not maintain any securities for trading purposes or engage in trading activities. The Company does use derivative instruments to hedge its mortgage banking risks. In addition, interest rate risk is the most significant market risk affecting the Company. Other types of market risk, such as foreign currency exchange risk and commodity price risk, do not arise in the normal course of the Company’s business activities and operations.
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ITEM 4 - CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We carried out an evaluation, with the participation of our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act). Disclosure controls and procedures include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the issuer’s management, including its Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Following this evaluation, due to the identification of a material weakness in the design and operating effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, as previously reported in Part II, Item 9A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, which is still in the process of being remediated, our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of September 30, 2017. The material weakness was due to an inadequate tone at the top regarding the importance of internal control over financial reporting. This resulted in a failure to appropriately prioritize the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, which has not been sufficient to address new and evolving sources of potential misstatement largely driven by the increased complexity and growth in the size and scale of our business.
Notwithstanding the identified material weakness as of September 30, 2017, related to the Company’s control environment, the Company believes the consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly present in all material respects our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows at and for the periods presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have initiated various governance enhancements during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 as further described below. In addition, during the three months ended March 31, 2017, as disclosed in our financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the Company completed the sale of its Banc Home Loans division, which largely represented the Company's Mortgage Banking segment. In connection with the sale, the Company restructured certain aspects of its infrastructure and back office operations to improve efficiency. These combined initiatives were determined to have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting for the quarter ended September 30, 2017. We will continue to monitor internal control over financial reporting throughout the process.
Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls
The Company does not expect that its disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and fraud. A control procedure, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control procedure are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control procedures, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. The design of any control procedure also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control procedure, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
The Company's Plan to Remediate the Material Weakness
As reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, management identified a material weakness in the design and operating effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as it relates to our control environment due to an inadequate tone at the top regarding the importance of internal control over financial reporting. Specifically, the Company’s tone at the top did not appropriately prioritize the Company’s internal control over financial reporting which has not been sufficient to address new and evolving sources of potential misstatement largely driven by the increased complexity and growth in the size and scale of the business.
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The Company is in the process of remediating the inadequate tone at the top regarding the importance of internal control over financial reporting, and, in connection with the remediation, the Company has initiated or will initiate the following steps:

• | We appointed Robert D. Sznewajs, the then-(now former) Chair of our Joint Audit Committee of the Boards of Directors of the Company and the Bank (the Board), to the position of Chair of the Board - thereby separating the role of Chair of the Board and Chief Executive Officer. This appointment followed the resignation of Steven A. Sugarman from the Board and his position of President and Chief Executive Officer.

• | We appointed Douglas H. Bowers as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and the Bank, and as a director of the Bank, effective May 8, 2017. We also appointed Mr. Bowers as a director of the Company; Mr. Bowers' term as a director of the Company commenced on June 9, 2017 at the conclusion of the Company's 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. The terms of Mr. Bowers’ employment agreement with the Company require him to resign as a director of the Company and the Bank in the event of the termination of his employment. Mr. Bowers' appointment as President and Chief Executive Officer replaced the interim CEO and interim President appointments within the “Office of the CEO/President.”

• | We appointed John A. Bogler as Chief Financial Officer of the Company and the Bank effective September 5, 2017.

• | We eliminated the lead independent director and Board vice chair roles and appointed new independent Board members, Richard Lashley and W. Kirk Wycoff, to fill the vacancies created by the resignation of Mr. Sugarman and the retirement of Chad T. Brownstein as the former Vice Chair of the Board. We appointed Mr. Lashley as Chair of our Joint Audit Committee of the Board immediately following the conclusion of the Company’s 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, thereby allowing our Board Chair Robert Sznewajs more time to focus on the critical role of independent Board Chair.

• | We also appointed two additional independent directors, Mary A. Curran and Bonnie G. Hill, whose terms commenced on June 9, 2017 at the conclusion of the Company's 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Ms. Curran and Dr. Hill add diversity to the Board and broaden the Board’s expertise in risk management and corporate governance.

• | We improved our Disclosure Controls and Procedures by implementing a new Disclosure Controls and Procedure Policy which expands internal approval requirements for public statements, and we revised the Company’s Disclosure Committee charter. In addition, we enhanced resources related to the Company’s Sarbanes-Oxley program by terminating the Director of Financial Controls and engaging a new Sarbanes-Oxley outsourcing vendor. Our Chief Financial Officer and Interim Chief Accounting Officer will oversee the program going forward, which will be subject to monitoring activities performed by the Company’s Internal Audit division.

• | We enhanced the efficiency and transparency of our Board committees by eliminating the Executive and Strategic Committees of the Board, and separating the Compensation and Nominating/Governance Committees into two committees, with one committee focused on compensation-related matters and the other on nominating and corporate governance-related matters.

• | We approved new policies to tighten controls on Outside Business Activities and to add rigor to the review of Related Party Transactions.

• | We revised our Public Communications Policy to enhance the level of diligence and review in connection with our public disclosures and external communications.

• | We enhanced our Recoupment policy to enable the Board to recover or cancel cash incentive compensation and equity awards from executive officers.

• | We amended the Company’s bylaws to facilitate the submission by stockholders of director nominations and other proposals for future annual meetings, and to conform the majority voting standard for electing directors more closely to the advisory motion approved by stockholders at the 2016 Annual Meeting.

On June 12, 2017, following approval by the Company's stockholders at our 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on June 9, 2017, we amended the Company's charter to:

• | declassify the Company’s Board of Directors and provide for the annual election of all directors, to be phased-in over a three-year period,

• | allow for removal of directors with or without cause by majority vote of the stockholders,

• | authorize amendment of the Company’s bylaws by majority vote of the stockholders, provided that a two-thirds vote (which is a reduced supermajority requirement) is required to amend the bylaw provision regarding the calling of special meetings of stockholders, and

• | remove all supermajority stockholder voting requirements to amend certain provisions of the Company’s charter.

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• | We have further enhanced our risk assessment and monitoring activities by implementing new training activities, improving our certification and sub-certification quarterly processes, and plan to further enhance our risk assessment and monitoring activities by hiring additional capable resources and enhancing our Risk and Fraud Risk assessment processes to ensure appropriate resources and controls are in place to mitigate risks commensurate with the risk assessment.

• | We plan to continue to strengthen our governance and controls by further developing consistent, standardized and repeatable desktop procedures for all significant financial controls and processes.

The Company believes the foregoing remedial actions continue to strengthen the Company's internal control over financial reporting and will remediate the material weaknesses identified. However, as of September 30, 2017, these remediation measures were still ongoing and had not been in operation long enough to measure their operating effectiveness in order to conclude that the identified material weakness was fully remediated. The Company will continue to monitor the effectiveness of these remediation activities and expects to make further changes to improve its internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1 - LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time we are involved as plaintiff or defendant in various legal actions arising in the normal course of business. On January 23, 2017, the first of three putative class action lawsuits, Garcia v. Banc of California, et al., Case No. 8:17-cv-00118, was filed against Banc of California, James J. McKinney, Ronald J. Nicolas, Jr., and Steven A. Sugarman in the United States District Court for the Central District of California. Thereafter, two related putative class action lawsuits were filed in the United States District Court for the Central District of California: (1) Malak v. Banc of California, et al., Case No. 8:17-cv-00138 (January 26, 2017), asserting claims against Banc of California, James J. McKinney, and Steven A. Sugarman, and (2) Cardona v. Banc of California, et al., Case No. 2:17-cv-00621 (January 26, 2017), asserting claims against Banc of California, James J. McKinney, Ronald J. Nicolas, Jr., and Steven A. Sugarman. Those actions were consolidated, a lead plaintiff was appointed, and the lead plaintiff filed a Consolidated Amended Complaint against Banc of California, Steve Sugarman and James McKinney on May 31, 2017 alleging that the defendants violated sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. In general, the Consolidated Amended Complaint alleges that the purported concealment of the defendants’ alleged relationship with Jason Galanis caused various statements made by the defendants to be false and misleading. The defendants moved to dismiss the Consolidated Amended Complaint. The plaintiff thereafter dismissed Mr. McKinney, leaving the Company and Mr. Sugarman as the remaining defendants. On September 18, 2017, the district court granted in part and denied in part the defendants’ motions to dismiss. Specifically, the court denied the defendants’ motions as to the Company’s April 15, 2016 Proxy Statement which listed Mr. Sugarman’s positions with COR Securities Holdings Inc., COR Clearing LLC, and COR Capital LLC while omitting their alleged connections with Jason Galanis. The lawsuits purport to be brought on behalf of stockholders who purchased stock in the Company between varying dates, inclusive of August 7, 2015 through January 23, 2017. The lawsuits seek class certification, an award of unspecified compensatory and punitive damages, an award of reasonable costs and expenses, including attorneys’ fees, and other further relief as the Court may deem just and proper. The defendants have filed a motion seeking authority to seek immediate appellate review of the order denying the defendants’ motions to dismiss. The Company believes that the consolidated action is without merit and intends to vigorously contest it.
On September 26, 2017, a shareholder derivative action captioned Gordon v. Sznewajs, Case No. 17-CV-1678, was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California against four of the Company’s directors (Robert D. Sznewajs, Halle J. Benett, Jonah Schnel and Jeffrey Karish) alleging that they breached their fiduciary duties to the Company. In that action, the Company is a nominal defendant. The complaint seeks monetary and equitable relief on behalf of the Company. The Company believes that the shareholder was required to, but failed to, make a demand on the Company to bring such claims, and that the failure of the shareholder to make a demand requires dismissal of the action.
On September 5, 2017, Jeffrey Seabold, a former officer of the Company and the Bank, filed a complaint in the Los Angeles Superior Court (Case No. BC 624694) against the Company, the Bank and multiple unnamed defendants asserting claims for breach of contract, wrongful termination, retaliation and unfair business practices. Mr. Seabold alleges that he was constructively terminated as a Company and Bank employee and seeks in excess of $5 million in damages. The lawsuit is at a very early stage. Based on a review of the allegations, we believe that they are without merit and intend to vigorously contest them.
On August 15, 2017, COR Securities Holdings, Inc., and COR Clearing LLC filed an action in the United States District Court for the Central District of California, captioned COR Securities Holdings, Inc., et al. v. Banc of California, N.A., et al., Case No. 8:17-cv-01403 DOC JCGx), against the Bank and Hugh F. Boyle, the Company’s and the Bank’s Chief Risk Officer. The lawsuit asserts claims under various state and federal statutes related to computer fraud and abuse, as well as a claim of common law fraud. The plaintiffs allege that the Bank inappropriately gained access to their confidential and privileged documents on a cloud storage site. On October 2, 2017, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss, which is set for hearing on November 13, 2017. The Bank believes that the action is without merit and intends to vigorously contest it.
On August 11, 2017, Carlos P. Salas, the Bank’s former Chief of Staff, filed an action in the Los Angeles Superior Court, captioned Carlos P. Salas v. Banc of California, Inc., et al., Case No. BC672208, against the Company and the Bank asserting claims for breach of contract, breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing, breach of an implied in fact contract, promissory estoppel, promissory fraud, declaratory relief, fraud/intentional misrepresentation, unfair business practices, wrongful termination, violation of the right to privacy and violation of California’s Investigative Consumer Reporting Agencies Act. In general, Mr. Salas alleges that he was constructively terminated as a Bank employee and suffered damages in excess of $4 million. He seeks both compensatory and punitive damages. On September 18, 2017, the Company and the Bank filed a motion to compel arbitration, as required by Mr. Salas’ written agreement with the Bank, which is set for hearing on January 17, 2018. The Company and the Bank believe that the action is without merit and intend to vigorously contest it.
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ITEM 1A - RISK FACTORS
Except as set forth below, there have been no material changes to the risk factors that appeared under “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 and under “Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2017.
Severe weather, natural disasters, acts of war or terrorism and other external events could significantly impact our business.
Severe weather or natural disasters such as the recent hurricanes and wildfires, acts of war or terrorism and other adverse external events could have a significant impact on our ability to conduct business. Such events could affect the stability of our deposit base, impair the ability of our borrowers to repay their outstanding loans, cause significant property damage or otherwise impair the value of collateral securing our loans, and result in loss of revenue and/or cause us to incur additional expenses. Although we have established disaster recovery plans and procedures, and we monitor the effects of any such events on our loans, properties and investments, the occurrence of any such event could have a material adverse effect on us or our earnings or our financial condition.
We are subject to certain risks in connection with our use of technology.
Our security measures may not be sufficient to mitigate the risk of a cyber attack or cyber theft.
Communications and information systems are essential to the conduct of our business, as we use such systems to manage our customer relationships, our general ledger and virtually all other aspects of our business. Our operations rely on the secure processing, storage, and transmission of confidential and other information in our computer systems and networks. Although we take protective measures and endeavor to modify them as circumstances warrant, the security of our computer systems, software, and networks may be vulnerable to breaches, unauthorized access, misuse, computer viruses, or other malicious code and cyber attacks that could have a security impact. If one or more of these events occur, this could jeopardize our or our customers' confidential and other information processed and stored in, and transmitted through, our computer systems and networks, or otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in our operations or the operations of our customers or counterparties. We may be required to expend significant additional resources to modify our protective measures or to investigate and remediate vulnerabilities or other exposures, and we may be subject to litigation and financial losses that are either not insured against or not fully covered through any insurance maintained by us. We could also suffer significant reputational damage.
Security breaches in our internet banking activities could further expose us to possible liability and damage our reputation. Any compromise of our security also could deter customers from using our internet banking services that involve the transmission of confidential information. We rely on standard internet security systems to provide the security and authentication necessary to effect secure transmission of data. These precautions may not protect our systems from compromises or breaches of our security measures, which could result in significant legal liability and significant damage to our reputation and our business.
Our security measures may not protect us from systems failures or interruptions.
While we have established policies and procedures to prevent or limit the impact of systems failures and interruptions, there can be no assurance that such events will not occur or that they will be adequately addressed if they do. In addition, we outsource certain aspects of our data processing and other operational functions to certain third-party providers. If our third-party providers encounter difficulties, or if we have difficulty in communicating with them, our ability to adequately process and account for transactions could be affected, and our business operations could be adversely impacted. Threats to information security also exist in the processing of customer information through various other vendors and their personnel.
We may be required to expend significant additional resources to continue to modify or enhance our information security infrastructure or to investigate and remediate any information security vulnerabilities in response to continuing information systems security threats.
The occurrence of any systems failure or interruption could damage our reputation and result in a loss of customers and business, could subject us to additional regulatory scrutiny, or could expose us to legal liability. Any of these occurrences could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
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We rely on communications, information, operating and financial control systems technology from third-party service providers, and we may suffer an interruption in those systems.
We rely heavily on third-party service providers for much of our communications, information, operating and financial control systems technology, including our online banking services and data processing systems. We also rely on third party vendors, who may experience unauthorized access to and disclosure of client or customer information or the destruction or theft of such information. Any failure or interruption, or breaches in security, of these systems could result in failures or interruptions in our customer relationship management, general ledger, deposit, servicing and/or loan origination systems and, therefore, could harm our business, operating results and financial condition. Additionally, interruptions in service and security breaches could lead existing customers to terminate their banking relationships with us and could make it more difficult for us to attract new banking customers.
A pending governmental investigation, as well as any related litigation or other litigation, may result in adverse findings, reputational damage, the imposition of sanctions and other negative consequences which could adversely affect our financial condition and future operating results.
Beginning on October 18, 2016, various anonymous blog posts raised questions about related party transactions, concerns over director independence and other issues, including suggestions that the Company was controlled by an individual who pled guilty to securities fraud in matters unrelated to us. In response to these allegations, the Board formed a Special Committee consisting solely of independent directors to investigate the allegations. The Special Committee conducted its investigation with the assistance of independent legal counsel and did not find evidence that the individual named in the blog posts had any direct or indirect control or undue influence over the Company. Furthermore, the inquiry did not find any violations of law or evidence establishing that any loan, related party transaction, or any other circumstance impaired the independence of any director. However, the Special Committee did find that certain public statements made by the Company in October 2016 regarding its earlier inquiry into these matters were not fully accurate. On January 12, 2017, the Company received a formal order of investigation issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission directed primarily at certain of the issues that the Special Committee reviewed. The Company has been fully cooperating with the SEC in this investigation.
The SEC investigation could lead to the institution of civil or administrative proceedings against the Company as well as against individuals currently or previously associated with the Company. Any such proceedings or threatened proceedings might result in the imposition of monetary fines or other sanctions against the named parties. Resulting sanctions could include remedial measures that might prove costly or disruptive to our business. Additionally, as discussed under Item 1 in Part II of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the first of several putative class lawsuits against the Company was filed on January 23, 2017 and other lawsuits against the Company have been filed by former officers.
The pendency of the SEC investigation and any resulting litigation or sanctions, as well as the pending lawsuits (or any other lawsuits) could harm our reputation, leading to a loss of existing and potential customers, and our ability to attract and retain deposits and greater difficulty in securing financing or other developments which could adversely affect our liquidity, financial condition and future operating results. In addition, management time and resources will be diverted to address the investigation and any related litigation, as well as the pending lawsuits, and we may incur significant legal and other expenses in our defense of the investigation and any related litigation as well as the pending lawsuits.
Notwithstanding the hiring of our new Chief Executive Officer and our new Chief Financial Officer following the resignations of our former President and Chief Executive Officer and our Interim Chief Financial Officer, the management transition we are undergoing could prove disruptive to our operations, with adverse consequences for our business and operating results.
On May 8, 2017, Douglas H. Bowers became the new President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and the Bank, and on September 5, 2017, John A. Bogler became the new Chief Financial Officer of the Company and the Bank. This transition at the senior management level may result in disruptions to our business and uncertainty among our customers, employees and investors concerning our future direction and performance. Any such uncertainty may complicate our ability to enter into financing or strategic business transactions and it may also be more difficult for us to recruit and retain other managerial employees until the transition is completed. Such disruptions and uncertainty could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.
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ITEM 2 - UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

| Purchase of Equity Securities by the Issuer |  |
| Total Number of Shares |  | Average Price Paid Per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans |  | Total Number of Shares That May Yet be Purchased Under the Plan
From July 1, 2017 to July 31, 2017 | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
From August 1, 2017 to August 31, 2017 | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
From September 1, 2017 to September 30, 2017 | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  |

During the three months ended September 30, 2017, the Company did not purchase any equity securities. On October 18, 2016, the Company announced that its Board of Directors approved a share buyback program under Rule 10b-18 authorizing the Company to buy back, from time to time during the 12 months ending on October 18, 2017, an aggregate amount representing up to 10 percent of the Company's currently outstanding common shares.
The Company has a practice of buying back stock for tax purposes pertaining to employee benefit plans, and does not count these purchases toward the allotment of the shares. The Company did not purchase any shares during the three months ended September 30, 2017 related to tax liability sales for employee stock benefit plans.
ITEM 3 - DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None
ITEM 4 MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable
ITEM 5 - OTHER INFORMATION
On August 3, 2016, the Company and Evercore Trust Company, N.A., as trustee (which was succeeded as trustee by Newport Trust Company in October of 2017), established the Stock Employee Compensation Trust (SECT) to fund employee compensation and benefit obligations of the Company using the Company’s common stock sold by the Company to the SECT on August 3, 2016. On November 3, 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the Company’s management to begin taking steps to terminate the SECT.
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ITEM 6 - EXHIBITS

2.1 | Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 3, 2011, by and among Banc of California, Inc., (f/k/a First PacTrust Bancorp, Inc.) (sometimes referred to below as the Registrant or the Company), Gateway Bancorp, Inc. (Gateway), each of the stockholders of Gateway and the D & E Tarbell Trust, u/d/t dated February 19, 2002 (in its capacity as the Sellers’ Representative) | (a)
2.1A | Amendment No. 1, dated as of November 28, 2011, to Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 3, 2011, by and among The Registrant, Gateway Bancorp, the Sellers named therein and the D & E Tarbell Trust, u/d/t dated February 19, 2002 (in its capacity as the Sellers’ Representative) | (a)(1)
2.2B | Amendment No. 2, dated as of February 24, 2012, to Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 3, 2011, by and among the Registrant, Gateway Bancorp, the Sellers named therein and the D & E Tarbell Trust, u/d/t dated February 19, 2002 (in its capacity as the Sellers’ Representative) | (a)(2)
2.2C | Amendment No. 3, dated as of June 30, 2012, to Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 3, 2011, by and among the Registrant, Gateway Bancorp, the Sellers named therein and the D & E Tarbell Trust, u/d/t dated February 19, 2002 (in its capacity as the Sellers’ Representative) | (a)(3)
2.2D | Amendment No. 4, dated as of July 31, 2012, to Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 3, 2011, by and among the Registrant, Gateway Bancorp, the Sellers named therein and the D & E Tarbell Trust, u/d/t dated February 19, 2002 (in its capacity as the Sellers’ Representative) | (a)(4)
2.3 | Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of August 30, 2011, by and between the Registrant and Beach Business Bank, as amended by Amendment No. 1thereto dated as of October 31, 2011 | (b)
2.4 | Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of August 21, 2012, by and among the Registrant, Beach Business Bank and The Private Bank of California | (c)
2.5 | Amendment No. 1, dated as of May 5, 2013, to Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of August 21, 2012, by and among the Registrant, Beach Business Bank and The Private Bank of California | (s)
2.6 | Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of October 25, 2013, by and among the Registrant, Banc of California, National Association, CS Financial, Inc., the Sellers named therein and the Sellers’ Representative named therein | (t)
2.7 | Purchase and Assumption Agreement, dated as of April 22, 2014, by and between Banco Popular North America and Banc of California, National Association | (v)
2.8 | Asset Purchase Agreement, dated February 28, 2017, by and between Banc of California, N. A. and Caliber Home Loans, Inc. | (tt)
2.9 | Bulk Servicing Rights Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated February 28, 2017, by and between Banc of California, N. A. and Caliber Home Loans, Inc. | (tt)
3.1 | Articles of Restatement of the charter of the Registrant | (d)
3.2 | Fifth Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant | (d)
4.1 | Warrant to purchase up to 1,395,000 shares of the Registrant common stock originally issued on November 1, 2010 | (e)
4.2 | Senior Debt Securities Indenture, dated as of April 23, 2012, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee | (i)
4.3 | Supplemental Indenture, dated as of April 23, 2012, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, relating to the Registrant’s 7.50% Senior Notes due April 15, 2020 and form of 7.50% Senior Notes due April 15, 2020 | (i)
4.4 | Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of April 6, 2015, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, relating to the Registrant’s 5.25% Senior Notes due April 15, 2025 and form of 5.25% Senior Notes due April 15, 2025 | (ff)
4.5 | Deposit Agreement, dated as of June 12, 2013, among the Registrant, Registrar and Transfer Company, as Depositary and the holders from time to time of the depositary receipts described therein | (l)
4.6 | Deposit Agreement, dated as of April 8, 2015, among the Registrant, Computershare Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., collectively as Depositary, and the holders from time to time of the depositary receipts described therein | (gg)
4.7 | Purchase Contract Agreement, dated May 21, 2014, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association | (y)
4.8 | Indenture, dated May 21, 2014, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association | (y)
4.9 | First Supplemental Indenture, dated May 21, 2014, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association relating to the Registrant's 8% Tangible Equity Units due May 15, 2017 | (y)

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4.10 | Deposit Agreement, dated as of February 8, 2016, among the Registrant, Computershare Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., collectively as Depositary, and the holders from time to time of the depositary receipts described therein. | (kk)
10.1 | Employment Agreement, dated as of August 21, 2012, by and between the Registrant and Steven A. Sugarman | (f)
10.1A | Stock Appreciation Right Grant Agreement between the Registrant and Steven A. Sugarman dated August 21, 2012 | (f)
10.1B | Amendment dated December 13, 2013 to Stock Appreciation Right Grant Agreement between the Registrant and Steven Sugarman dated August 21, 2012 | (z)
10.1C | Letter Agreement, dated as of May 23, 2014, by and between the Registrant and Steven A. Sugarman, relating to Stock Appreciation Rights issued with respect to Tangible Equity Units | (aa)
10.1D | Letter Agreement, dated as of March 2, 2016, by and between the Registrant and Steven A. Sugarman | (mm)
10.1E | Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of March 24, 2016, by and among the Registrant, Banc of California, National Association, and Steven A. Sugarman | (nn)
10.1F | Letter Agreement, dated as of March 24, 2016, by and between the Registrant and Steven A. Sugarman | (nn)
10.1G | Employment Separation Agreement and Release, dated as of January 23, 2017, by and among the Registrant, Banc of California, N.A. and Steven A. Sugarman | (pp)
10.2 | Reserved |
10.3 | Employment Agreement, dated as of August 22, 2012, by and among the Registrant and John C. Grosvenor | (f)
10.3A | First Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated January 1, 2016, by and between the Registrant and John C. Grosvenor | (ll)
10.4 | Reserved |
10.5 | Employment Agreement, dated as of September 17, 2013, by and among the Registrant and Hugh F. Boyle | (w)
10.5A | First Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as of January 1, 2016 by and between Registrant and Hugh F. Boyle | (ll)
10.6 | Registrant’s 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan | (g)
10.7A | Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement under 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan | (j)
10.7B | Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan | (j)
10.7C | Form of Restricted Stock Agreement Under 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan | (j)
10.8 | Registrant’s 2003 Stock Option and Incentive Plan | (h)
10.9 | Registrant’s 2003 Recognition and Retention Plan | (h)
10.10 | Reserved |
10.11 | Management Services Agreement, dated as of December 27, 2012, by and between CS Financial, Inc. and Pacific Trust Bank | (k)
10.12 | Employment Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2013, by and among Pacific Trust Bank and Jeffrey T. Seabold | (u)
10.12A | Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, effective as of April 1, 2015, by and among Banc of California, National Association, and Jeffrey T. Seabold | (ee)
10.12B | First Amendment to Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated effective as of January 1, 2016, by between Banc of California, National Association and Jeffrey T. Seabold | (ll)
10.13 | Registrant’s 2013 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan | (m)
10.13A | Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement under 2013 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan | (n)
10.13B | Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under 2013 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan | (n)
10.13C | Form of Restricted Stock Agreement under 2013 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan | (n)
10.13D | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under 2013 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan | (x)
10.13E | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Employee Equity Ownership Program under 2013 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan | (x)

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10.13F | Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Non-Employee Directors under 2013 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan | (aa)
10.13G | Form of Restricted Stock Agreement for Non-Employee Directors under 2013 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan | (aa)
10.13H | Form of Performance Unit Agreement under 2013 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan | (ee)
10.13I | Form of Performance-Based Incentive Stock Option Agreement under the 2013 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan | (ee)
10.13J | Form of Performance-Based Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the 2013 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan | (ee)
10.13K | Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Agreement under the 2013 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan. | (ee)
10.14 | Agreement to Assume Liabilities and to Acquire Assets of Branch Banking Offices, dated as of May 31, 2013, between Pacific Trust Bank and AmericanWest Bank | (o)
10.15 | Common Stock Share Exchange Agreement, dated as of May 29, 2013, by and between the Registrant and TCW Shared Opportunity Fund V, L.P. | (p)
10.15A | Assignment and Assumption Agreement, dated as of December 10, 2014, by and among Crescent Special Situations Fund (Investor Group), L.P., Crescent Special Situations Fund (Legacy V), L.P., TCW Shared Opportunity Fund V, L.P. and the Registrant. | (dd)
10.16 | Purchase and Sale Agreement and Escrow Instructions, dated as of July 24, 2013, by and between the Registrant and Memorial Health Services | (q)
10.17 | Assumption Agreement, dated as of July 1, 2013, by and between the Registrant and The Private Bank of California | (r)
10.18 | Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 22, 2014, by and between the Registrant and OCM BOCA Investor, LLC | (v)
10.18A | Acknowledgment and Amendment to Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 28, 2014 by and between the Registrant and OCM BOCA Investor, LLC. | (bb)
10.19 | Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 30, 2014, by and among the Registrant, Patriot Financial Partners, L.P. and Patriot Financial Partners Parallel L.P., Patriot Financial Partners II, L.P., and Patriot Financial Partners Parallel II, L.P. | (bb)
10.20 | Purchase and Sale Agreement and Escrow Instructions, dated as of May 19, 2015, by and between Banc of California, N.A. and VF Outdoor, Inc. | (hh)
10.21 | Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement and Escrow Instructions, dated as of May 19, 2015, by and between Banc of California, N.A. and VF Outdoor, Inc. | (ii)
10.22 | Employment Agreement, dated as of July 29, 2015, by and among the Registrant and James J. McKinney | (jj)
10.22A | Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of March 24, 2016, by and between the Registrant and James J. McKinney | (nn)
10.23 | Agreement of Purchase and Sale, dated as of October 2, 2015, by and between Banc of California, National Association and The Realty Associates Fund IX, L.P. | (cc)
10.24 | Employment Agreement, dated as of January 6, 2014, by and among Banc of California, National Association and J. Francisco A. Turner | (ll)
10.24A | Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of March 24, 2016, by and between Banc of California, National Association, and J. Francisco A. Turner | (nn)
10.24B | Employment Separation Agreement and Release, dated as of June 12, 2017, by and among the Registrant, Banc of California, N.A. and J. Francisco A. Turner | (vv)
10.25 | Form Director and Executive Officer Indemnification Agreement | (ll)
10.26 | Employment Agreement, dated as of March 24, 2016, by and between the Registrant and Brian Kuelbs | (nn)
10.27 | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Non-Employee Directors under 2013 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan | (ww)
10.28 | Trust Agreement, dated as of August 3, 2016, by and between the Registrant and Evercore Trust Company, N.A., as trustee. | (oo)
10.29 | Common Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 3, 2016, by and between the Registrant and Banc of California Capital and Liquidity Enhancement Employee Compensation Trust. | (oo)

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10.30 | Separation Agreement and Release, dated as of February 7, 2017, by and between the Registrant and Chad T. Brownstein | (rr)
10.31 | Cooperation Agreement, dated as of February 8, 2017, by and between the Registrant and PL Capital Advisors, LLC | (qq)
10.32 | Cooperation Agreement, dated as of March 13, 2017, by and between the Registrant and Legion Partners Asset Management, LLC, Legion Partners, L.P. I, Legion Partners, L.P. II, Legion Partners Special Opportunities, L.P. I, Legion Partners Special Opportunities, L.P. V, Legion Partners, LLC, Legion Partners Holdings, LLC, Bradley S. Vizi, Christopher S. Kiper and Raymond White. | (ss)
10.33 | Employment Agreement, dated as of April 24, 2017, by and between the Registrant and Douglas H. Bowers | (uu)
10.34 | Employment Agreement, dated as of August 30 2017, by and between the Registrant and John A. Bogler | 10.34
11.0 | Statement regarding computation of per share earnings | (xx)
31.1 | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification (Principal Executive Officer) | 31.1
31.2 | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification (Principal Financial Officer) | 31.2
32.0 | Rule 13a-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. 1350 Certification | 32.0
101.0 | The following financial statements and footnotes from the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations; (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity; (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. | 101.0

(a) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 9, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference.

(a)(1) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 1, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference.

(a)(2) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 28, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference.

(a)(3) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 2, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference.

(a)(4) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 2, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference.

(b) | Filed as Appendix A to the proxy statement/prospectus included in the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on November 1, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference.

(c) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference.

(d) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 30, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.

(e) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed on November 16, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.

(f) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference.

(g) | Filed as an appendix to the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement filed on April 25, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference.

(h) | Filed as an appendix to the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement filed on March 21, 2003 and incorporated herein by reference.

(i) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 23, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference.

(j) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference.

(k) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 3, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.

(l) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 12, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.

(m) | Filed as an appendix to the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement filed on June 11, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.

(n) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on July 31, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.

(o) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 3, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.

(p) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 4, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.

(q) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 30, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.

(r) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 3, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.

(s) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 6, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.

(t) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 31, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.

(u) | Field as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.

(v) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 25, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.

(w) | Field as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.

(x) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.

(y) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 21, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.

(z) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.

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(aa) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.

(bb) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 30, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.

(cc) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 2, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.

(dd) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.

(ee) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.

(ff) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 6, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.

(gg) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 8, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.

(hh) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 28, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.

(ii) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 16, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.

(jj) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.

(kk) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 8, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.

(ll) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.

(mm) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 8, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.

(nn) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 25, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.

(oo) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.

(pp) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 25, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.

(qq) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 8, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.

(rr) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.

(ss) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 14, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.

(tt) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 5, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.

(uu) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 27, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.

(vv) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 14, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.

(ww) | Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.

(xx) | Refer to Note 18 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1 of Part I of this report.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  |  | BANC OF CALIFORNIA, INC.
Date: | November 8, 2017 |  | /s/ Douglas H. Bowers
|  |  | Douglas H. Bowers
|  |  | President/Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: | November 8, 2017 |  | /s/ John A. Bogler
|  |  | John A. Bogler
|  |  | Executive Vice President/Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)
Date: | November 8, 2017 |  | /s/ Lawrence Gee
|  |  | Lawrence Gee
|  |  | Senior Vice President/Interim Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer)

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