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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Nature of Operations: Banc of California, Inc. (collectively, with its consolidated subsidiaries, the Company, we, us and our) is a financial holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, headquartered in Santa Ana, California and incorporated under the laws of Maryland. Banc of California, Inc. is subject to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (FRB) and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Banc of California, National Association (the Bank), operates under a national bank charter issued by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), the Bank's primary regulator. The Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) system, and maintains insurance on deposit accounts with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). The Bank offers a variety of financial services to meet the banking and financial needs of the communities it serves, with operations conducted through 31 full-service branches located throughout Southern California as of March 31, 2020. Basis of Presentation: The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to Article 10 of SEC Regulation S-X and other SEC rules and regulations for reporting on the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, certain disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) are not included herein. These interim statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed by us with the SEC. The December 31, 2019 consolidated statements of financial condition presented herein has been derived from the audited financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation, including showing the unrealized fair value adjustment for loans held for sale separate from the realized net (loss) gain on sale of loans in the statement of operations.. In the opinion of management of the Company, the accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements reflect all of the adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial condition and consolidated results of operations as of the dates and for the periods presented. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2020. Principles of Consolidation: The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 and for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 and December 31, 2019. Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Unless the context requires otherwise, all references to the Company include its then wholly-owned subsidiaries. Adopted Accounting Pronouncements: On January 1, 2020, we adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326) (ASU 2016-13), which replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology with a methodology that reflects current expected credit losses (CECL) and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to estimate expected credit losses. The measurement of expected credit losses under the CECL model is applicable to financial assets measured at amortized cost, including loan receivables, held-to-maturity debt securities and off-balance sheet credit exposures. ASU 2016-13 also requires credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses. In addition, ASU 2016-13 modifies the other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) model for available-for-sale (AFS) debt securities to require an allowance for credit impairment instead of a direct write-down, which allows for reversal of credit impairments in future periods based on improvements in credit. We adopted ASU 2016-13 using the modified retrospective method for our financial assets measured at cost, including loans receivable and off-balance sheet credit exposures. Results for reporting periods beginning January 1, 2020 are reported under ASU 2016-13 (or Accounting Standards Codification 326), while prior period results continue to be reported under the previously applicable GAAP. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020 resulted in an increase of $6.4 million to our allowance for credit losses and an after-tax net decrease in retained earnings of $4.5 million. This transition adjustment reflects the development of our models to estimate lifetime expected credit losses on our loans, unfunded commitments and other off-balance sheet credit exposure primarily using a lifetime loss methodology. The following table presents the impact of adopting ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020:
($ in thousands) |  | As Reported Under ASC 326 |  | Pre- ASC 326 Adoption |  | Impact of ASC 326 Adoption
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses - loans |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 23,015 |  |  | $ | 22,353 |  |  | $ | 662 |
Commercial real estate |  | 10,788 |  |  | 5,941 |  |  | 4,847 |
Multi-family |  | 13,214 |  |  | 11,405 |  |  | 1,809 |
SBA |  | 3,508 |  |  | 3,120 |  |  | 388 |
Construction |  | 4,009 |  |  | 3,906 |  |  | 103 |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |
Single family residential mortgage |  | 10,066 |  |  | 10,486 |  |  | (420 | )
Other consumer |  | 658 |  |  | 438 |  |  | 220 |
Total |  | 65,258 |  |  | 57,649 |  |  | 7,609 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses - unfunded loan commitments |  | $ | 2,838 |  |  | $ | 4,064 |  |  | $ | (1,226 | )
Significant Accounting Policies: The accounting and reporting policies of the Company are based upon GAAP and conform to predominant practices within the banking industry. We have not made any significant changes in our critical accounting policies from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC, except for the accounting for loans and the allowance for credit losses, the allowance for credit losses on unfunded loan commitments, troubled debt restructurings and available-for-sale debt securities as described below. Allowance for Credit Losses (ACL): The ACL is a reserve established through a provision for credit loss expense, and represents management’s best estimate of the net amount expected to be collected from loans receivable as of the date of the consolidated statements of financial condition. Confirmed losses are charged against the ACL. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the ACL. We perform an analysis of the adequacy of the ACL at least quarterly. Management estimates the required ACL balance using past loan loss experience, the nature and volume of the portfolio, information about specific borrower situations and estimated collateral values, economic conditions, and other factors. The ACL consists of; (i) a specific allowance established for probable losses on individually identified impaired loans, (ii) a quantitative allowance for current expected loan losses based on the portfolio and expected economic conditions over a reasonable and supportable forecast period that reverts back to long-term trends to cover the life of loan; and (iii) a qualitative allowance to capture factors and trends that are not adequately reflected in the quantitative allowance, including an evaluation of our underwriting and other credit-related processes and other credit risk factors such as concentration risk. Accrued interest is excluded from our expected credit loss estimates. Expected credit losses are estimated over the contractual term of the loans, adjusted for prepayments as appropriate. The contractual term excludes expected extensions and renewals unless those extension or renewal options are included in the underlying contract and we do not have the ability to unconditionally cancel. The contractual term also excludes expected modifications, unless management has a reasonable expectation at the reporting period that a troubled debt restructuring will be executed. A loan is deemed impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. We measure expected credit losses on all impaired loans individually under the guidance of ASC 326, Receivables, primarily through the evaluation of collateral values and estimated cash flows expected to be collected. Cash receipts on impaired loans for which the accrual of interest has been discontinued are applied first to principal and then to interest income. Loans for which the terms have been modified by granting a concession that normally would not be provided and where the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties are considered TDRs and classified as impaired. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. The impairment amount on a collateral dependent loan is generally charged-off to the ACL, and the impairment amount on a loan that is not collateral dependent is set-up as a specific reserve. TDRs are also measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s effective rate at inception or at the fair value of collateral, less costs to sell, if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. For TDRs that subsequently default, we determine the amount of reserve in accordance with the accounting policy for the ACL. At March 31, 2020, the following loan portfolio segments have been identified:
• | Commercial and industrial (general commercial and industrial, warehouse lending, and indirect/direct leveraged lending)
• | Commercial real estate
• | Multifamily
• | SBA
• | Construction
• | SFR - 1st deeds of trust (generally SFR mortgage and other)
• | Other consumer (HELOC and other)
We categorize loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their obligations such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. We analyze loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. Loans secured by multifamily and commercial real estate properties generally involve a greater degree of credit risk than SFR mortgage loans. Because payments on loans secured by multifamily and commercial real estate properties are often dependent on the successful operation or management of the properties, repayment of these loans may be subject to adverse conditions in the real estate market or the economy. Commercial and industrial loans are also considered to have a greater degree of credit risk than SFR mortgage loans due to the fact commercial and industrial loans are typically made on the basis of the borrower’s ability to make repayment from the cash flow of the borrower’s business. As a result, the availability of funds for the repayment of commercial and industrial loans may be substantially dependent on the success of the business itself (which, in turn, is often dependent in part upon general economic conditions). SBA loans are similar to commercial and industrial loans, but have additional credit enhancement provided by the U.S. Small Business Administration, for up to 85% of the loan amount for loans up to $150 thousand and 75% of the loan amount for loans of more than $150 thousand. SBA loans originated as part of the Payment Protection Program implemented by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) have additional credit enhancement provided by the U.S. Small Business Administration for up to 100% of the loan amount. As of March 31, 2020, there were no PPP loans. The availability of funds for the repayment of financing may be substantially dependent on the success of the business itself (which, in turn, is often dependent in part upon general economic conditions). Consumer loans may entail greater risk than SFR mortgage loans given that collection of these loans is dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability and, thus, are more likely to be adversely affected by job loss, divorce, illness, or personal bankruptcy. Green Loans are also considered to carry a higher degree of credit risk due to their unique cash flows. Credit risk on this asset class is also managed through the completion of regular third party automated valuation models (AVMs) of the underlying collateral and monitoring of the borrower’s usage of this account to determine if the borrower is making monthly payments from external sources or “drawdowns” on their line. In cases where the property values have declined to levels less than the original LTV ratios, or other levels deemed prudent by us, we may curtail the line and/or require monthly payments or principal reductions to bring the loan in balance. On interest only loans, we project future payment changes to determine if there will be a material increase in the required payment and then monitor the loans for possible delinquency. Individual loans are monitored for possible downgrading of risk rating. Troubled Debt Restructurings: A loan is identified as a troubled debt restructuring (TDR) when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and for economic or legal reasons related to these difficulties, we grant a concession to the borrower in the restructuring that we would not otherwise consider. We have granted a concession when, as a result of the restructuring to a troubled borrower, we do not expect to collect all amounts due, including principal and/or interest accrued at the original terms of the loan. The concessions may be granted in various forms, including a below-market change in the stated interest rate, a reduction in the loan balance or accrued interest, an extension of the maturity date, or a note split with principal forgiveness. Loans for which the borrower has been discharged under Chapter 7 bankruptcy are considered collateral dependent TDRs, impaired at the date of discharge, and charged down to the fair value of collateral less cost to sell. A restructuring executed at an interest rate that is at market interest rates based on the current credit characteristics of the borrower is not a TDR. Our policy is to place consumer loan TDRs, except those that were performing prior to TDR status, on non-accrual status for a minimum period of 6 months. Commercial TDRs are evaluated on a case-by-case basis for determination whether or not to place them on non-accrual status. Loans qualify for return to accrual status once they have demonstrated performance under the restructured terms of the loan for a minimum of 6 months. Initially, all TDRs are reported as impaired. Generally, TDRs are classified as impaired loans and reported as TDRs for the remaining life of the loan. Impaired and TDR classification may be removed if the borrower demonstrates compliance with the modified terms for a minimum of 6 months and through one fiscal year-end and the restructuring agreement specifies a market rate of interest equal to that which would be provided to a borrower with similar credit at the time of restructuring. In the limited circumstance that a loan is removed from TDR classification, it is our policy to continue to base our measure of loan impairment on the contractual terms specified by the loan agreement. Troubled Debt Restructuring (TDR) Relief: Under U.S. GAAP, banks are required to assess modifications to a loan’s terms for potential classification as a TDR. A loan to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty is classified as a TDR when a lender grants a concession that it would otherwise not consider, such as a payment deferral or interest concession. In order to encourage banks to work with impacted borrowers, the CARES Act and U.S. banking agencies have provided relief from TDR accounting. The main benefits of TDR relief include a capital benefit in the form of reduced risk-weighted assets, as TDRs are more heavily risk-weighted for capital purposes; aging of the loans is frozen, i.e., they will continue to be reported in the same delinquency bucket they were in at the time of modification; and the loans are generally not reported as non-accrual during the modification period. Reserve for Unfunded Loan Commitments: The reserve for unfunded loan commitments provides for estimated credit losses for the unused portion of lending commitments expected to be funded, except for unconditionally cancellable commitments for which no reserve is required under ASC 326. The reserve for unfunded loan commitments includes factors that are consistent with ACL methodology for loans using the expected loss factors and a draw down factor applied to the underlying borrower risk and facility grades. Changes in the reserve for unfunded loan commitments are reported as a component of provision for credit losses in the consolidated statements of operations and the reserve for unfunded loan commitments is included in other liabilities in the consolidated statements of financial condition. Available-for-Sale Debt Securities: Available-for-sale debt securities are analyzed for credit losses under ASC 326, which requires the Company to determine whether impairment exists as of the reporting date and whether that impairment is due to credit losses. An allowance for credit losses is established for losses on available-for-sale debt securities due to credit losses and are reported as a component of provision for credit losses. Accrued interest is excluded from our expected credit loss estimates. Available-for-sale debt securities are typically classified as nonaccrual when the contractual payment of principal or interest has become 90 days past due or management has serious doubts about the further collectability of principal or interest. When available-for-sale debt securities are placed on nonaccrual status, unpaid interest credited to income is reversed. Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and disclosures provided, and actual results could differ. The ACL, reserve for loss on repurchased loans, reserve for unfunded loan commitments, realization of deferred tax assets, the valuation of goodwill and other intangible assets, mortgage banking and other derivatives, Hypothetical Liquidation at Book Value (HLBV) of investments in alternative energy partnerships, and the fair value measurement of financial instruments are particularly subject to change and such change could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. Recent Accounting Guidance, Not Yet Effective: In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (ASU 2019-12). The amendments in this Update simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions for investments, intraperiod allocations, and interim calculations, and add guidance to reduce the complexity of applying Topic 740. This ASU will be effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after beginning after December 15, 2020. We will adopt this guidance on January 1, 2021. We do not expect that the adoption of these amendments will have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements. In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), which provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the benefits of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. The amendments in ASU 2020-04 are elective and apply to all entities, subject to meeting certain criteria, that have contract, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. ASU 2020-04 provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contract modifications and hedging relationships, subject to meeting certain criteria. When elected, the optional expedients for contract modifications must be applied consistently for all eligible contracts or eligible transactions within the relevant topic or industry subtopic within the codification that contains the guidance that otherwise would be required to be applied. The amendments in ASU 2020-04 are effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. We are in the process of evaluating the potential impact the discontinuation of LIBOR will have on our contracts and expect to elect the optional expedients and exceptions set forth in the amendments.

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