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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

Note 8. Income Taxes

Prior to the Silver Lake Transaction, the Company was not a taxable entity. However, the Company’s wholly owned C-corporation subsidiaries were taxable entities. In connection with the Silver Lake Transaction, the Company became a U.S. domiciled corporation for tax purposes. The Company’s income tax expense and balance sheet accounts reflect the results of the Company and its subsidiaries.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 (Successor), the Company estimated the annual effective tax rate based on projected income for the full year and recorded a quarterly tax provision in accordance with the annual effective tax rate. For the six months ended June 30, 2021 (Successor), the Company calculated the income taxes based on the actual year-to-date effective tax rate because the Company's projected pretax book income for the year was expected to be near breakeven and the annual effective tax rate became inherently volatile. Therefore, an adjustment was required in the third quarter to record the year-to-date income tax benefit consistent with the annual effective tax rate.

The effective income tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 (Successor) was 17.3% and 75.3%, respectively. The Company’s effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2021 (Successor) was lower than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21%, primarily due to the impact of applying the annual effective tax rate in the third quarter which was reflected in the quarter to date amount, an increase of research and development tax credits, and a favorable discrete income tax adjustment from certain changes in estimate as a result of filing certain prior year tax returns. The Company’s effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 (Successor) was higher than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21%, primarily due to the increase of the foreign income tax as a result of increased foreign income in various foreign tax jurisdictions, the increase of the deferred income tax liability on intangibles as a result of the UK corporate income tax rate increase, foreign withholding tax, and increased U.S. state income tax expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 (Successor). These items were partially offset by an increase of research and development tax credits and a favorable discrete adjustment from the finalization of the 2020 income tax returns.

The Company’s effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2020 (Successor), the period February 1, 2020 through September 30, 2020 (Successor), and for the period January 1, 2020 through January 31, 2020 (Predecessor) was 45.6%, 21.4%, and 2.3%, respectively. The Company’s effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2020 (Successor) differs from the U.S. Federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to tax benefits resulting from the Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) high-tax exclusion election and research and development tax credits, partially offset by the impact of state income taxes. The lower effective income tax rate for the period January 1, 2020 through January 31, 2020 (Predecessor) compared to the period February 1, 2020 through September 30, 2020 (Successor) and the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 (Successor) was primarily due to the change of the Company’s valuation allowance on certain deferred tax assets, nondeductible transaction costs, and variations in jurisdictional earnings in the period from January 1, 2020 through January 31, 2020 (Predecessor).