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FAIR VALUE ACCOUNTING (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Fair Value Measurements, Recurring and Nonrecurring | The following tables set forth the fair value of the Company's assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (at least annually) by level within the fair value hierarchy as at December 31, 2018. As required by accounting guidance, assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Fair value accounting utilizes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below: Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities Level 2 - Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and Level 3 - Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (supported by little or no market activity). Our financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and current accrued liabilities. These instruments are carried at cost, which approximates fair value due to the short-term maturities of the instruments. Allowances for doubtful accounts are recorded against the accounts receivable balance to estimate net realizable value. The fair value of the Company's Debentures are measured at fair value based on the closing price on the TSX (a Level 1 measurement) and changes are recognized in other income (expense). The Company's investments in marketable equity securities which are exchange traded and are valued using quoted market prices in active markets and as such are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. The Company's investments are marketable debt securities which are exchange traded and are valued using quoted prices of a pricing service and such are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The Company's warrants are classified as liabilities. The warrants are subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date, with any change in fair value recognized as a component of other income (expense), in the statements of operations. The warrants issued in September 2016 are classified as Level 1 under the fair value hierarchy using quoted market prices in active markets. The warrants issued in March 2016 are classified as Level 3 under the fair value hierarchy as they are valued with Level 3 (Level 3 fair value is determined using the entity’s own assumptions about the inputs that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability) inputs and the Black-Scholes option model. As at December 31, 2018 and 2017, the fair values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term deposits, receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their carrying values because of the short-term nature of these instruments.
December 31, 2018 | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Investments at fair value | $ | 1,107 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,107 |
Marketable equity securities | 1,460 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,460 |
Marketable debt securities | — |  |  | 25,601 |  |  | — |  |  | 25,601 |
Warrant liabilities (Note 14) | (5,621 | ) |  | — |  |  | (662 | ) |  | (6,283 | )
Convertible Debentures (Note 13) | (15,880 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (15,880 | )
| $ | (18,934 | ) |  | $ | 25,601 |  |  | $ | (662 | ) |  | $ | 6,005 |
December 31, 2017 | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Investments | $ | 1,937 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,937 |
Warrant liabilities (Note 14) | (2,991 | ) |  | — |  |  | (385 | ) |  | (3,376 | )
Convertible debentures (Note 13) | (16,636 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (16,636 | )
| $ | (17,690 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (385 | ) |  | $ | (18,075 | )
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis | The following table presents the activity for those items measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs for the year ended December 31, 2018:
| Level 3 Warrant Liabilities
Fair Value at December 31, 2017 | 385 |
Fair value of warrants exercised | (120 | )
Change in fair value (1) | 397 |
Fair Value at December 31, 2018 | 662 |
(1) The gain (loss) recognized in included in Other Income (Expense) on the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of financial instruments measured at fair value, including those classified in shareholders' equity measured on a recurring or nonrecurring basis. Disclosures include, but are not limited to, fair value measurements recorded and the reasons for the measurements, level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements are categorized and transfers between levels 1 and 2. Nonrecurring fair value measurements are those that are required or permitted in the statement of financial position in particular circumstances. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19279-110258 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (bb) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19207-110258 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (b) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19207-110258 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (a) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19207-110258 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2C -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=SL7498348-110258 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19190-110258 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of assets, including [financial] instruments measured at fair value that are classified in stockholders' equity, if any, by class that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The disclosures contemplated herein include the fair value measurements at the reporting date by the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements in their entirety fall, segregating fair value measurements using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1), significant other observable inputs (Level 2), and significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (b) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19207-110258 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19190-110258 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (a) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19207-110258 + Details
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