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Allowance for Losses on Loans
3 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Receivables [Abstract]  
Allowance for Losses on Loans Allowance for Losses on Loans
The following tables summarize the activity in the allowance for loan losses. 

Three Months Ended December 31, 2019Beginning
Allowance
Charge-offsRecoveriesProvision &
Transfers
Ending
Allowance
 (In thousands)
Single-family residential$30,988  $(15) $261  $(534) $30,700  
Construction32,304  —  54  (66) 32,292  
Construction - custom1,369  —  —  30  1,399  
Land - acquisition & development9,155  (11) 1,460  (1,858) 8,746  
Land - consumer lot loans2,143  (70) 10   2,090  
Multi-family7,391  —  498  (485) 7,404  
Commercial real estate13,170  (98) 368  (405) 13,035  
Commercial & industrial31,450  (50) 144  1,996  33,540  
HELOC1,103  —  93  (92) 1,104  
Consumer2,461  (374) 309  (193) 2,203  
$131,534  $(618) $3,197  $(1,600) $132,513  

Three Months Ended December 31, 2018Beginning
Allowance
Charge-offsRecoveriesProvision &
Transfers
Ending
Allowance
 (In thousands)
Single-family residential$33,033  $(25) $230  $(1,754) $31,484  
Construction31,317  —  —  146  31,463  
Construction - custom1,842  —  —  84  1,926  
Land - acquisition & development7,978  —  1,782  (604) 9,156  
Land - consumer lot loans2,164  (72) 265  (213) 2,144  
Multi-family8,329  —  —  (445) 7,884  
Commercial real estate11,852  (339) 525  673  12,711  
Commercial & industrial28,702  (179) 33  1,723  30,279  
HELOC781  (886)  1,168  1,064  
Consumer3,259  (140) 213  (278) 3,054  
$129,257  $(1,641) $3,049  $500  $131,165  

The Company recorded a $1,000,000 release of loan loss allowance for the three months ended December 31, 2019, compared to a $500,000 release for the three months ended December 31, 2018. Reserving for new loan originations has been largely offset by recoveries of previously charged-off loans. Recoveries, net of charge-offs, totaled $2,579,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2019, compared to net recoveries of $1,408,000 during the three months ended December 31, 2018.

Non-performing assets were $39,742,000, or 0.24% of total assets, at December 31, 2019, compared to $43,826,000, or 0.27% of total assets, at September 30, 2019. Non-accrual loans were $30,089,000 at December 31, 2019, compared to $33,731,000 at September 30, 2019. Delinquencies, as a percent of total loans, were 0.30% at December 31, 2019, compared to 0.29% at September 30, 2019.
The following tables show loans collectively and individually evaluated for impairment and the related allocation of general and specific reserves.
 
December 31, 2019Loans Collectively Evaluated for ImpairmentLoans Individually Evaluated for Impairment
 Allowance AllocationRecorded Investment of LoansRatioAllowance AllocationRecorded Investment of LoansRatio
 (In thousands, except ratio data)(In thousands, except ratio data)
Single-family residential$30,700  $5,686,482  0.5 %$—  $19,993  0.0 %
Construction32,292  1,189,457  2.7  —  —  —  
Construction - custom1,399  259,944  0.5  —  —  —  
Land - acquisition & development8,731  153,856  5.7  15  86  17.4  
Land - consumer lot loans2,090  93,272  2.2  —  295  0.0  
Multi-family7,403  1,436,313  0.5   380  0.3  
Commercial real estate12,861  1,632,612  0.8  174  10,487  1.7  
Commercial & industrial33,470  1,352,116  2.5  70  641  10.9  
HELOC1,104  139,963  0.8  —  483  0.0  
Consumer2,203  115,749  1.9  —   0.0  
$132,253  $12,059,764  1.1 %$260  $32,367  0.8 %

September 30, 2019Loans Collectively Evaluated for ImpairmentLoans Individually Evaluated for Impairment
 Allowance AllocationRecorded Investment of LoansRatioAllowance AllocationRecorded Investment of LoansRatio
 (In thousands, except ratio data)(In thousands, except ratio data)
Single-family residential$30,988  $5,822,200  0.5 %$—  $17,978  0.0 %
Construction32,304  1,164,889  2.8  —  —  —  
Construction - custom1,369  255,505  0.5  —  —  —  
Land - acquisition & development9,135  160,964  5.7  20  230  8.7  
Land - consumer lot loans2,143  95,574  2.2  —  375  0.0  
Multi-family7,387  1,422,266  0.5   385  1.0  
Commercial real estate12,847  1,618,406  0.8  323  12,765  2.5  
Commercial & industrial31,358  1,266,913  2.5  92  1,805  5.1  
HELOC1,103  140,378  0.8  —  837  0.0  
Consumer2,461  129,527  1.9  —  50  0.0  
$131,095  $12,076,622  1.1 %$439  $34,425  1.3 %

As of December 31, 2019, $132,253,000 of the allowance was calculated under the Company's general allowance methodology and the remaining $260,000 was specific reserves on loans deemed to be individually impaired. As of September 30, 2019, $131,095,000 of the allowance was calculated under the Company's general allowance methodology and the remaining $439,000 was specific reserves on loans deemed to be individually impaired.

The Company has an asset quality review function that analyzes its loan portfolio and reports the results of the review to its Board of Directors on a quarterly basis. The single-family residential, HELOC and consumer portfolios are evaluated based on their performance as a pool of loans, since no single loan is individually significant or judged by its risk rating, size or potential risk of loss. The construction, land, multi-family, commercial real estate and commercial and industrial loans are risk rated on a
loan by loan basis to determine the relative risk inherent in specific borrowers or loans. Based on that risk rating, the loans are assigned a grade and classified as follows:

Pass – the credit does not meet one of the definitions below.

Special mention – A special mention credit is considered to be currently protected from loss but is potentially weak. No loss of principal or interest is foreseen; however, proper supervision and management attention is required to deter further deterioration in the credit. Assets in this category constitute some undue and unwarranted credit risk but not to the point of justifying a risk rating of substandard. The credit risk may be relatively minor yet constitutes an unwarranted risk in light of the circumstances surrounding a specific asset.

Substandard – A substandard credit is an unacceptable credit. Additionally, repayment in the normal course is in jeopardy due to the existence of one or more well defined weaknesses. In these situations, loss of principal is likely if the weakness is not corrected. A substandard asset is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified will have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the collection or liquidation of the debt. Loss potential, while existing in the aggregate amount of substandard assets, does not have to exist in individual assets risk rated substandard.

Doubtful – A credit classified doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in one classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weakness makes collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. The probability of loss is high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific pending factors that may work to the advantage and strengthening of the asset, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition, or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral, and refinancing plans.

Loss – Credits classified loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as a bankable asset is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this asset even though partial recovery may be affected in the future. Losses should be taken in the period in which they are identified as uncollectible. Partial charge-off versus full charge-off may be taken if the collateral offers some identifiable protection.
The following tables provide information on loans based on risk rating categories as defined above.

December 31, 2019Internally Assigned Grade
 PassSpecial mentionSubstandardDoubtfulLossTotal Gross Loans
 (In thousands, except ratio data)
Loan type
  Single-family residential$5,676,712  $—  $25,359  $—  $—  $5,702,071  
  Construction2,174,313  —  —  —  —  2,174,313  
  Construction - custom538,234  —  —  —  —  538,234  
  Land - acquisition & development200,533  —  2,510  —  —  203,043  
  Land - consumer lot loans96,627  —  470  —  —  97,097  
  Multi-family1,432,895  —  3,820  —  —  1,436,715  
  Commercial real estate1,619,197  3,426  20,476  —  —  1,643,099  
  Commercial & industrial1,313,816  714  38,194  14  —  1,352,738  
  HELOC140,644  —  630  —  —  141,274  
  Consumer115,828  —   —  —  115,829  
Total gross loans$13,308,799  $4,140  $91,460  $14  $—  $13,404,413  
Total grade as a % of total gross loans99.29 %0.03 %0.68 %0.00 %— %


September 30, 2019Internally Assigned Grade
 PassSpecial mentionSubstandardDoubtfulLossTotal Gross Loans
 (In thousands, except ratio data)
Loan type
 Single-family residential$5,808,444  $—  $26,750  $—  $—  $5,835,194  
 Construction2,038,052  —  —  —  —  2,038,052  
 Construction - custom540,741  —  —  —  —  540,741  
 Land - acquisition & development200,283  —  3,824  —  —  204,107  
 Land - consumer lot loans98,828  —  866  —  —  99,694  
 Multi-family1,418,837  —  3,837  —  —  1,422,674  
 Commercial real estate1,602,634  2,754  25,782  —  —  1,631,170  
 Commercial & industrial1,229,891  18,125  20,679  —  —  1,268,695  
 HELOC141,271  —  907  —  —  142,178  
 Consumer129,872  —  11  —  —  129,883  
Total gross loans$13,208,853  $20,879  $82,656  $—  $—  $13,312,388  
Total grade as a % of total gross loans99.22 %0.16 %0.62 %— %— %
The following tables provide information on gross loans based on borrower payment activity.

December 31, 2019Performing LoansNon-Performing Loans
 Amount% of Total
Gross  Loans
Amount% of Total
Gross  Loans
 (In thousands, except ratio data)
Single-family residential$5,679,057  99.6 %$23,014  0.4 %
Construction2,174,313  100.0  —  —  
Construction - custom538,234  100.0  —  —  
Land - acquisition & development202,957  100.0  86  0.0  
Land - consumer lot loans96,763  99.7  334  0.3  
Multi-family1,436,715  100.0  —  —  
Commercial real estate1,637,542  99.7  5,557  0.3  
Commercial & industrial1,352,271  100.0  467  0.0  
HELOC140,644  99.6  630  0.4  
Consumer115,828  100.0   0.0  
$13,374,324  99.8 %$30,089  0.2 %

September 30, 2019Performing LoansNon-Performing Loans
 Amount% of Total
Gross  Loans
Amount% of Total
Gross  Loans
 (In thousands, except ratio data)
Single-family residential$5,809,923  99.6 %$25,271  0.4 %
Construction2,038,052  100.0  —  —  
Construction - custom540,741  100.0  —  —  
Land - acquisition & development203,938  99.9  169  0.1  
Land - consumer lot loans99,448  99.8  246  0.2  
Multi-family1,422,674  100.0  —  —  
Commercial real estate1,625,335  99.6  5,835  0.4  
Commercial & industrial1,267,403  99.9  1,292  0.1  
HELOC141,271  99.4  907  0.6  
Consumer129,872  100.0  11  0.0  
$13,278,657  99.7 %$33,731  0.3 %
The following tables provide information on impaired loan balances and the related allowances by loan types. 

December 31, 2019Recorded
Investment
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
Related
Allowance
Average Recorded Investment
(Year-To-Date)
 (In thousands)
Impaired loans with no related allowance recorded:
Single-family residential$16,505  $17,474  $—  $17,242  
Land - acquisition & development—  —  —  39  
Land - consumer lot loans269  845  —  307  
Commercial real estate7,249  11,585  —  7,358  
Commercial & industrial437  4,508  —  776  
HELOC369  369  —  603  
Consumer 84  —  26  
24,831  34,865  —  26,351  
Impaired loans with an allowance recorded:
Single-family residential102,164  104,506  1,110  107,103  
Land - acquisition & development86  150  15  89  
Land - consumer lot loans3,556  3,650  —  3,556  
Multi-family380  380   383  
Commercial real estate3,238  3,462  174  3,703  
Commercial & industrial411  519  70  419  
HELOC942  957  —  946  
Consumer58  58  —  59  
110,835  113,682  1,370  (1) 116,258  
Total impaired loans:
Single-family residential118,669  121,980  1,110  124,345  
Land - acquisition & development86  150  15  128  
Land - consumer lot loans3,825  4,495  —  3,863  
Multi-family380  380   383  
Commercial real estate10,487  15,047  174  11,061  
Commercial & industrial848  5,027  70  1,195  
HELOC1,311  1,326  —  1,549  
Consumer60  142  —  85  
$135,666  $148,547  $1,370  (1) $142,609  

(1)Includes $260,000 of specific reserves and $1,110,000 included in the general reserves.
September 30, 2019Recorded
Investment
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
Related
Allowance
Average Recorded Investment
(Year-To-Date)
 (In thousands)
Impaired loans with no related allowance recorded:
Single-family residential$17,979  $19,252  $—  $16,685  
Construction—  —  —  1,172  
Construction - custom—  —  —  251  
Land - acquisition & development78  143  —  290  
Land - consumer lot loans344  848  —  287  
Multi-family—  —  —  286  
Commercial real estate7,467  11,881  —  8,890  
Commercial & industrial1,114  5,312  —  7,168  
HELOC837  931  —  597  
Consumer50  119  —  23  
27,869  38,486  —  35,649  
Impaired loans with an allowance recorded:
Single-family residential112,042  114,609  2,208  125,976  
Land - acquisition & development91  152  —  99  
Land - consumer lot loans3,556  3,695  20  4,324  
Multi-family385  385   418  
Commercial real estate4,168  5,298  323  5,160  
Commercial & industrial426  691  92  2,535  
HELOC949  963  —  961  
Consumer60  282  —  65  
121,677  126,075  2,647  (1) 139,538  
Total impaired loans:
Single-family residential130,021  133,861  2,208  142,661  
Construction—  —  —  1,172  
Construction - custom—  —  —  251  
Land - acquisition & development169  295  —  389  
Land - consumer lot loans3,900  4,543  20  4,611  
Multi-family385  385   704  
Commercial real estate11,635  17,179  323  14,050  
Commercial & industrial1,540  6,003  92  9,703  
HELOC1,786  1,894  —  1,558  
Consumer110  401  —  88  
$149,546  $164,561  $2,647  (1) $175,187  

(1)Includes $439,000 of specific reserves and $2,208,000 included in the general reserves.