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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2022
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value of Assets Measured on Recurring Basis
The following tables present the balance and level in the fair value hierarchy of assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
 March 31, 2022
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
 (In thousands)
Financial Assets
Available-for-sale securities:
U.S. government and agency securities$— $49,809 $— $49,809 
Asset-backed securities— 889,426 — 889,426 
Municipal bonds— 38,468 — 38,468 
Corporate debt securities— 333,999 — 333,999 
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates— 597,903 — 597,903 
Total available-for-sale securities— 1,909,605 — 1,909,605 
Client swap program hedges— 27,353 — 27,353 
Mortgage loan fair value hedges— 19,281 — 19,281 
Borrowings cash flow hedges— 105,211 — 105,211 
Total financial assets$— $2,061,450 $— $2,061,450 
Financial Liabilities
Client swap program hedges$— $27,353 $— $27,353 
Commercial loan fair value hedges— 38 — 38 
Total financial liabilities$— $27,391 $— $27,391 
 September 30, 2021
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
 (In thousands)
Financial Assets
Available-for-sale securities:
U.S. government and agency securities$— $61,779 $— $61,779 
Asset-backed securities— 1,078,681 1,078,681 
Municipal bonds— 39,984 — 39,984 
Corporate debt securities— 350,988 — 350,988 
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates— 606,827 — 606,827 
Total available-for-sale securities— 2,138,259 — 2,138,259 
Client swap program hedges— 10,983 — 10,983 
Borrowings cash flow hedges— 42,442 — 42,442 
Total financial assets$— $2,191,684 $— $2,191,684 
Financial Liabilities
Client swap program hedges$— $10,983 $— $10,983 
Commercial loan fair value hedges— 2,177 — 2,177 
Mortgage loan fair value hedges1,641 1,641 
Total financial liabilities$— $14,801 $— $14,801 
Fair Value of Assets Measured on Nonrecurring Basis
The following tables present the aggregated balance of assets that were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, and the total gains (losses) resulting from those fair value adjustments during the respective periods. The estimated fair value measurements are shown gross of estimated selling costs.
 
 March 31, 2022Three Months Ended March 31, 2022Six Months Ended March 31, 2022
 Level 1Level  2Level  3TotalTotal Gains (Losses)
 (In thousands)(In thousands)
Loans (1)$— $— $3,816 $3,816 $(896)$(985)
Real estate owned (2)— — 1,571 1,571 32 (472)
Balance at end of period$— $— $5,387 $5,387 $(864)$(1,457)

(1)The gains (losses) represent re-measurements of collateral-dependent loans.
(2)The gains (losses) represent aggregate write-downs and charge-offs on real estate owned.
March 31, 2021Three Months Ended March 31, 2021Six Months Ended March 31, 2021
Level 1Level  2Level  3TotalTotal Gains (Losses)
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Loans (1)$— $— $— $— $(25)$(69)
Real estate owned (2)— — 722 722 148 101 
Balance at end of period$— $— $722 $722 $123 $32 

(1)The gains (losses) represent re-measurements of collateral-dependent loans.
(2)The gains (losses) represent aggregate write-downs and charge-offs on real estate owned.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments by Balance Sheet Grouping Although management is not aware of any factors that would materially affect the estimated fair value amounts presented below, such amounts have not been comprehensively revalued for purposes of these financial statements since the dates shown, and therefore, estimates of fair value subsequent to those dates may differ significantly from the amounts presented below.
 March 31, 2022September 30, 2021
 Level in Fair Value HierarchyCarrying
Amount
Estimated
Fair Value
Carrying
Amount
Estimated
Fair Value
 ($ in thousands)
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents1$1,947,504 $1,947,504 $2,090,809 $2,090,809 
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. government and agency securities249,809 49,809 61,779 61,779 
Asset-backed securities2889,426 889,426 1,078,681 1,078,681 
Municipal bonds238,468 38,468 39,984 39,984 
Corporate debt securities2333,999 333,999 350,988 350,988 
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates2597,903 597,903 606,827 606,827 
Total available-for-sale securities1,909,605 1,909,605 2,138,259 2,138,259 
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates2301,221 294,354 366,025 379,547 
Total held-to-maturity securities301,221 294,354 366,025 379,547 
Loans receivable315,094,926 15,189,282 13,833,570 14,279,725 
FHLB and FRB stock278,873 78,873 102,863 102,863 
        Other assets - client swap program hedges227,353 27,353 10,983 10,983 
        Other assets - mortgage loan fair value hedges219,281 19,281 — — 
        Other assets - borrowings cash flow hedges2105,211 105,211 42,442 42,442 
Financial liabilities
Time deposits23,251,042 3,199,750 3,434,087 3,382,206 
FHLB advances21,720,000 1,601,795 1,720,000 1,692,412 
        Other liabilities - client swap program hedges227,353 27,353 10,983 10,983 
Other liabilities - commercial loan fair value hedges238 38 2,177 2,177 
Other liabilities - mortgage loan fair value hedges2— — 1,641 1,641 
Reconciliation of Amortized Cost to Fair Value of Available-for-Sale and Held-to-Maturity Securities The following tables provide details about the amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities.
 March 31, 2022
 Amortized
Cost
Gross UnrealizedFair
Value
Yield
 GainsLosses
 ($ in thousands)
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. government and agency securities due
1 to 5 years$50,441 $27 $(659)$49,809 1.07 %
Asset-backed securities
1 to 5 years18,908 — (602)18,306 1.08 
5 to 10 years62,883 121 (202)62,802 0.79 
Over 10 years807,611 2,144 (1,437)808,318 1.28 
Corporate debt securities due
1 to 5 years226,170 2,301 — 228,471 1.79 
5 to 10 years115,010 — (9,482)105,528 3.87 
Municipal bonds due
Within 1 year1,509 — 1,512 — 
5 to 10 years5,766 — (156)5,610 0.16 
Over 10 years29,890 1,456 — 31,346 5.85 
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates603,800 4,936 (10,833)597,903 2.60 
1,921,988 10,988 (23,371)1,909,605 1.95 
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates301,221 170 (7,037)294,354 3.16 
301,221 170 (7,037)294,354 3.16 
$2,223,209 $11,158 $(30,408)$2,203,959 2.11 %
 September 30, 2021
 Amortized
Cost
Gross UnrealizedFair
Value
Yield
 GainsLosses
 ($ in thousands)
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. government and agency securities due
1 to 5 years$47,339 $240 $— $47,579 0.44 %
5 to 10 years14,064 136 — 14,200 2.05 
Asset-backed securities
1 to 5 years19,730 — (434)19,296 0.52 
5 to 10 years71,207 412 (97)71,522 0.57 
Over 10 years973,892 14,069 (98)987,863 0.94 
Corporate debt securities due
Within 1 year225,928 7,860 — 233,788 1.57 
1 to 5 years86,802 1,345 — 88,147 4.64 
5 to 10 years28,804 249 — 29,053 1.95 
Municipal bonds due
Within 1 year1,493 17 — 1,510 — 
5 to 10 years5,781 294 — 6,075 0.22 
Over 10 years29,909 2,490 — 32,399 5.85 
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates585,121 23,717 (2,011)606,827 2.60 
2,090,070 50,829 (2,640)2,138,259 1.69 
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates366,025 13,522 — 379,547 3.17 
366,025 13,522 — 379,547 3.17 
$2,456,095 $64,351 $(2,640)$2,517,806 1.89 %
Schedule of Unrealized Losses and Fair Value of Securities The following tables show the gross unrealized losses and fair value of securities as of March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021, by length of time that individual securities in each category have been in a continuous loss position. There were 131 and 31 securities with an unrealized loss as of March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021, respectively. The decline in fair value since purchase is attributable to changes in interest rates. Because the Company does not intend to sell these securities and does not
consider it more likely than not that it will be required to sell these securities before the recovery of amortized cost basis, which may be upon maturity, the Company does not consider these investments to have any credit impairment.
 
March 31, 2022Less than 12 months12 months or moreTotal
 Unrealized
Gross Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Gross Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Gross Losses
Fair
Value
 (In thousands)
Available-for-sale securities
Corporate debt securities$— $— $(9,482)$105,528 $(9,482)$105,528 
Municipal bonds(156)5,610 — — (156)5,610 
U.S. government and agency securities(659)34,697 — — (659)34,697 
Asset-backed securities(1,269)277,125 (972)67,792 (2,241)344,917 
Mortgage-backed securities(5,583)234,166 (5,250)63,445 (10,833)297,611 
(7,667)551,598 (15,704)236,765 (23,371)788,363 
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities(7,037)291,911 — — (7,037)291,911 
$(14,704)$843,509 $(15,704)$236,765 $(30,408)$1,080,274 

September 30, 2021Less than 12 months12 months or moreTotal
 Unrealized
Gross Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Gross Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Gross Losses
Fair
Value
 (In thousands)
Available-for-sale securities
Asset-backed securities$(15)$4,639 $(614)$70,058 $(629)$74,697 
Mortgage-backed securities(1,569)47,758 (442)32,266 (2,011)80,024 
(1,584)52,397 (1,056)102,324 (2,640)154,721 
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities— — — — — — 
$(1,584)$52,397 $(1,056)$102,324 $(2,640)$154,721