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Allowance for Losses on Loans
 3 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Receivables [Abstract]  
Allowance for Losses on Loans Allowance for Losses on Loans
For a detailed discussion of loans and credit quality, including accounting policies and the CECL methodology used to estimate the allowance for credit losses, see Note A "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies."

The following tables summarize the activity in the allowance for loan losses by loan portfolio segment and class. 
Three Months Ended December 31, 2023Beginning AllowanceCharge-offsRecoveriesProvision &
Transfers(1)		Ending Allowance
 (In thousands)
Commercial loans
   Multi-family$13,155 $— $— $636 $13,791 
   Commercial real estate28,842 — 2 163 29,007 
   Commercial & industrial58,773 (62)32 2,093 60,836 
   Construction29,408 — — (545)28,863 
   Land - acquisition & development7,016 (18)50 (390)6,658 
      Total commercial loans137,194 (80)84 1,957 139,155 
Consumer loans
   Single-family residential28,029 — 120 407 28,556 
   Construction - custom2,781 — — (519)2,262 
   Land - consumer lot loans3,512 — 9 (176)3,345 
   HELOC2,859 — 1 113 2,973 
   Consumer2,832 (213)192 218 3,029 
      Total consumer loans40,013 (213)322 43 40,165 
Total ACL - loans$177,207 $(293)$406 $2,000 $179,320 
(1) Provision & transfer amounts within the table do not include provision recapture from unfunded commitments of $2,000,000.
Three Months Ended December 31, 2022Beginning AllowanceCharge-offsRecoveriesProvision &
Transfers(1)		Ending Allowance
 (In thousands)
Commercial loans
   Multi-family$12,013 $— $— $311 $12,324 
   Commercial real estate25,814 — 4 1,562 27,380 
   Commercial & industrial57,210 (82)32 6,713 63,873 
   Construction26,161 — — (28)26,133 
   Land - acquisition & development12,278 — 16 (3,722)8,572 
      Total commercial loans133,476 (82)52 4,836 138,282 
Consumer loans
   Single-family residential25,518 — 430 (473)25,475 
   Construction - custom3,410 — — 90 3,500 
   Land - consumer lot loans5,047 — — (905)4,142 
   HELOC2,482 — 1 105 2,588 
   Consumer2,875 (146)234 (153)2,810 
      Total consumer loans39,332 (146)665 (1,336)38,515 
Total loans$172,808 $(228)$717 $3,500 $176,797 
(1) Provision & transfer amounts within the table do not include provision recapture from unfunded commitments of $1,000,000


The Company recorded no provision for credit losses for the three months ended December 31, 2023, compared with a provision for credit losses of $2,500,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2022. The lack of provision in the three months ended December 31, 2023 was primarily due to a stable loan receivable balance and continued strong credit performance. The increase in the overall ACL was offset by the equal decrease in the reserve for unfunded commitments. The provision for the three months ended December 31, 2022 was primarily due to reserving for growth in loans receivable and changes in composition of the loan portfolio. Recoveries, net of charge-offs, totaled $113,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2023, compared to $489,000 during the three months ended December 31, 2022.

Non-performing assets were $55,388,000, or 0.24% of total assets, at December 31, 2023, compared to $57,924,000, or 0.26% of total assets, at September 30, 2023. Non-accrual loans were $45,258,000 at December 31, 2023, compared to $50,422,000 at September 30, 2023. Delinquencies, as a percent of total loans, were 0.33% at December 31, 2023, compared to 0.36% at September 30, 2023.

The Company has an asset quality review function that analyzes its loan portfolio and reports the results of the review to its Board of Directors on a quarterly basis. The single-family residential, HELOC and consumer portfolios are evaluated based on their performance as a pool of loans, since no single loan is individually significant or judged by its risk rating, size or potential risk of loss. The construction, land, multi-family, commercial real estate and commercial and industrial loans are risk rated on a loan by loan basis to determine the relative risk inherent in specific borrowers or loans. Based on that risk rating, the loans are assigned a grade and classified as described in Note D "Loans Receivable."

The following tables provide the amortized cost of loans receivable based on risk rating categories as previously defined.
December 31, 2023Internally Assigned Grade
 PassSpecial mentionSubstandardDoubtfulLossTotal
 (In thousands, except ratio data)
Loan type
Commercial loans
  Multi-family$2,913,692 $90,668 $18,097 $— $— $3,022,457 
  Commercial real estate3,221,093 784 110,416 — — 3,332,293 
  Commercial & industrial2,224,862 2,850 137,270 — — 2,364,982 
  Construction1,675,149 — 20,357 — — 1,695,506 
  Land - acquisition & development148,573 — 138 — — 148,711 
    Total commercial loans10,183,369 94,302 286,278 — — 10,563,949 
Consumer loans
  Single-family residential6,477,005 — 18,444 — — 6,495,449 
  Construction - custom263,550 — 88 — — 263,638 
  Land - consumer lot loans118,860 — 57 — — 118,917 
  HELOC246,541 — 604 — — 247,145 
  Consumer74,708 — 136 — — 74,844 
    Total consumer loans7,180,664 — 19,329 — — 7,199,993 
Total$17,364,033 $94,302 $305,607 $— $— $17,763,942 
Total grade as a % of total loans97.75 %0.53 %1.72 %— %— %
September 30, 2023Internally Assigned Grade
 PassSpecial mentionSubstandardDoubtfulLossTotal Gross Loans
 (In thousands, except ratio data)
Loan type
Commercial loans
  Multi-family$2,772,538 $90,428 $23,628 $— $— $2,886,594 
  Commercial real estate3,207,596 4,847 97,658 — — 3,310,101 
  Commercial & industrial2,164,876 6,647 143,795 — — 2,315,318 
  Construction1,818,266 — 20,670 — — 1,838,936 
  Land - acquisition & development156,390 — 271 — — 156,661 
    Total commercial loans10,119,666 101,922 286,022 — — 10,507,610 
Consumer loans
  Single-family residential6,370,936 — 18,054 — — 6,388,990 
  Construction - custom324,363 — 88 — — 324,451 
  Land - consumer lot loans124,588 — 254 — — 124,842 
  HELOC237,018 — 736 — — 237,754 
  Consumer70,098 — 12 — — 70,110 
    Total consumer loans7,127,003 — 19,144 — — 7,146,147 
Total loans$17,246,669 $101,922 $305,166 $— $— $17,653,757 
Total grade as a % of total gross loans97.69 %0.58 %1.73 %— %— %

The following tables provide information on the amortized cost of loans receivable based on borrower payment activity.

December 31, 2023Performing LoansNon-Performing Loans
 Amount% of Total
Loans		Amount% of Total
Loans
 (In thousands, except ratio data)
Commercial loans
   Multi-family$3,022,325 100.0 %$132 — %
   Commercial real estate3,308,010 99.3 24,283 0.7 
   Commercial & industrial2,360,545 99.8 4,437 0.2 
   Construction1,695,506 100.0 — 0.0 
   Land - acquisition & development148,711 100.0 — — 
      Total commercial loans10,535,097 99.7 28,852 0.3 
Consumer loans
   Single-family residential6,480,053 99.8 15,396 0.2 
   Construction - custom263,550 100.0 88 — 
   Land - consumer lot loans118,860 100.0 57 0.0 
   HELOC246,542 99.8 603 0.2 
   Consumer74,582 99.6 262 0.4 
      Total consumer loans7,183,587 99.8 16,406 0.2 
Total loans$17,718,684 99.7 %$45,258 0.3 %
September 30, 2023Performing LoansNon-Performing Loans
 Amount% of Total
Loans		Amount% of Total
Loans
 (In thousands, except ratio data)
Commercial loans
   Multi-family$2,881,467 99.8 %$5,127 0.2 %
   Commercial real estate3,286,666 99.3 23,435 0.7 
   Commercial & industrial2,309,236 99.7 6,082 0.3 
   Construction1,838,936 100.0 — — 
   Land - acquisition & development156,661 100.0 — — 
      Total commercial loans10,472,966 99.7 34,644 0.3 
Consumer loans
   Single-family residential6,374,072 99.8 14,918 0.2 
   Construction - custom324,363 100.0 88 — 
   Land - consumer lot loans124,833 100.0 9 — 
   HELOC237,018 99.7 736 0.3 
   Consumer70,083 100.0 27 0.0 
      Total consumer loans7,130,369 99.8 15,778 0.2 
Total loans$17,603,335 99.7 %$50,422 0.3 %