<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001019056-20-000340.txt : 20200514
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ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001019056-20-000340
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		15
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20200511
ITEM INFORMATION:		Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers: Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20200514
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20200514

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			STEVEN MADDEN, LTD.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000913241
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	FOOTWEAR, (NO RUBBER) [3140]
		IRS NUMBER:				133588231
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	000-23702
		FILM NUMBER:		20876885

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		52-16 BARNETT AVE
		CITY:			LONG ISLAND CITY
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			11104
		BUSINESS PHONE:		7184461800

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		52-16 BARNETT AVENUE
		CITY:			LONG ISLAND CITY
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			11104

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	MADDEN STEVEN LTD
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19931008
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><b>UNITED STATES</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14pt"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt"><b>WASHINGTON, DC 20549</b></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 18pt"><b>FORM <span id="xdx_900_edei--DocumentType_c20200511__20200511_zyZJydOv6Lr3"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-05-11to2020-05-11" name="dei:DocumentType">8-K</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>CURRENT REPORT</b><br />
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the<br />
Securities Exchange Act of 1934</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Date of Report:
<span id="xdx_90D_edei--DocumentPeriodEndDate_c20200511__20200511_zwbSVpJl1I5g"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-05-11to2020-05-11" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate">May  11, 2020</ix:nonNumeric></span><br />
(Date of earliest event reported)</span></p>

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LTD.</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 10pt">(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)</span></p>

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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-size: 1pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 1pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    of Incorporation)</span></td>
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    Identification No.)</span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(Address of Principal Executive Offices) &#160;&#160;(Zip Code)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Registrant&#8217;s
telephone number, including area code: <span id="xdx_90B_edei--CityAreaCode_c20200511__20200511_zhX0uKh2vOA8"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-05-11to2020-05-11" name="dei:CityAreaCode">(718)</ix:nonNumeric></span> <span id="xdx_906_edei--LocalPhoneNumber_c20200511__20200511_zwHjWM5HkMef"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-05-11to2020-05-11" name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber">446-1800</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Securities registered pursuant to
Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Check the appropriate box below if the Form
8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:</p>

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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Written communications pursuant to Rule
    425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Indicate by check mark whether
the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter)
or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If an emerging growth company,
indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised
financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. <span style="font-family: Wingdings">o</span></p>

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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 90%; padding-left: 0; text-indent: 0"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers.</b></span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">On May 11, 2020, Steven Madden, Ltd. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) entered into a new employment agreement with Karla Frieders (the &#8220;Frieders Employment Agreement&#8221;) pursuant to which Ms. Frieders will continue to serve as Chief Merchandising Officer of the Company. The Frieders Employment Agreement is effective as of May 1, 2020. The Frieders Employment Agreement, the full text of which is filed as Exhibit 10.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference, replaces Ms. Frieders&#8217; prior employment agreement, which expired by its terms on April 30, 2020.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">The term of the Frieders Employment Agreement commenced on May 1, 2020 and will continue for a term of three years through April 30, 2023, unless sooner terminated in accordance with the terms thereof. Pursuant to the terms of the Frieders Employment Agreement, Ms. Frieders will receive an annual base salary during the term of $590,000. In addition, the Frieders Employment Agreement entitles Ms. Frieders to an annual performance-based bonus for each of the fiscal years ending December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022 in an amount to be determined by the Company in its absolute discretion, which bonus, if any, will be paid to her on or about March 15 of the year immediately following the year in which it was earned. In addition, on May 11, 2020, pursuant to the Frieders Employment Agreement, Ms. Frieders was granted 32,758 restricted shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock, with a par value of $0.0001 per share, which will vest in five equal annual installments on May 1, 2021, May 1, 2022, May 1, 2023, May 1, 2024, and May 1, 2025, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">The Company may terminate Ms. Frieders&#8217;s employment for Cause (as defined in the Frieders Employment Agreement) in which event Ms. Frieders would be entitled to receive only her accrued and unpaid salary through the date of termination. The Frieders Employment Agreement provides that in the event Ms. Frieders&#8217;s employment is terminated by the Company without Cause, Ms. Frieders would be entitled to receive payment of her annual base salary, payable at regular payroll intervals, from the date of termination of employment through the remainder of the term.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">The foregoing description of the Frieders Employment Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of such agreement filed as Exhibit 10.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K, which is incorporated herein by reference.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 90%"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Description</b></span></td></tr>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="ex10_1.htm"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Employment Agreement, dated May 11, 2020, between the Company and Karla Frieders</span></a></td></tr>
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<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">104</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL).</span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>SIGNATURES</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Dated: May 14,
2020</span></p>

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    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>STEVEN MADDEN, LTD.</b></span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="LEFT" STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 3pt"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 4pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 100%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Exhibit 10.1</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><IMG SRC="stevenmadden001.jpg" ALT="(LOGO)"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">May 11, 2020</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Dear Ms. Frieders:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">This letter
will set forth below the terms and conditions of your employment with Steven Madden, Ltd. (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;):</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Term
                                         of Agreement</U>. May 1, 2020 through April 30, 2023, unless sooner terminated in accordance
                                         with Paragraph 6 of this Agreement.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Position</U>.
                                                                                                                                                                                   Chief                                          Merchandising Officer.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Salary</U>.
                                         $590,000 per annum (paid in accordance with normal Company practice) from May 1, 2020
                                         through April 30, 2023.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">4.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Discretionary
                                         Bonus</U>. You shall be eligible to receive a performance bonus for each of 2020, 2021
                                         and 2022 in an amount to be determined by the Company in its absolute discretion. Such
                                         bonuses (net of any deductions required to be withheld by any applicable laws and regulations)
                                         shall be payable on or about March 15<SUP>th</SUP> of the following year.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Restricted
                                         Stock</U>. On May 11, 2020, you shall be granted shares of restricted stock. The shares
                                         shall vest 20% on May 1, 2021, 20% on May 1, 2022, 20% on May 1, 2023, 20% on May 1,
                                         2024 and 20% on May 1, 2025. The number of restricted shares to be issued shall be determined
                                         by dividing Seven Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($750,000) by the closing price of the
                                         common stock of the Company on May 11, 2020.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Termination</U>.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Involuntary
                                         Termination</U>. The Company has the right to terminate your employment, on written notice
                                         to you, at any time without Cause (as defined below). In the event the Company terminates
                                         your employment without Cause, then the Term shall terminate immediately, and you shall
                                         be entitled to receive only Salary payments described in Paragraph 3, at the regular
                                         intervals of payment, from the date of termination through the date this Agreement would
                                         have otherwise terminated but for the involuntary termination.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Voluntary
                                         Termination by you or Termination for Cause</U>. You shall have the right to terminate
                                         your employment at any time for any reason (&ldquo;Voluntary Termination&rdquo;) and
                                         the Company shall have the right to terminate your employment at any time for Cause,
                                         on written notice to you, setting forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances
                                         resulting in the Cause upon which such termination is based. In the event of a Voluntary
                                         Termination or a termination by the Company for Cause, the Term shall terminate immediately
                                         and you shall be entitled only to any accrued and unpaid Salary described in Paragraph
                                         3 through the date of termination. For the purpose of this Agreement, Cause shall mean:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><IMG SRC="stevenmadden002.jpg" ALT="(LOGO)"></P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Page 2</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 1.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">a
                                         material breach by you of your material duties or obligations to the Company which is
                                         not remedied to the reasonable satisfaction of the Company within ten (10) days after
                                         the receipt by you of written notice of such breach from the Company;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 1.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(ii)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">you
                                         are convicted of, or enter a guilty or &ldquo;no contest&rdquo; plea with respect to
                                         a felony or a crime of moral turpitude (whether or not a felony);</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(iii)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">you
                                         have an alcohol or substance abuse problem, which in the reasonable opinion of the Company
                                         materially interferes with your ability to perform your duties;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(iv)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">any
                                         act or acts of personal dishonesty, fraud, embezzlement, misappropriation or conversion
                                         intended to result in your personal enrichment at the expense of the Company, or any
                                         of its subsidiaries or affiliates, or any other material breach or violation of fiduciary
                                         duty owed to the Company, or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(v)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">any
                                         grossly negligent act or omission or any willful and deliberate misconduct by you that
                                         results, or is likely to result, in material economic, or other harm, to the Company,
                                         or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates; or</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(vi)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">you
                                         violate or pay fines, suffer sanctions or injunctive relief relating to (whether or not
                                         you are found to have violated ) any federal or state securities laws, rules or regulations
                                         or the rules and regulations of any stock exchange on which the Company is listed or
                                         included.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Disability</U>.
                                         You shall be considered to be &ldquo;Disabled&rdquo; if, in the Company&rsquo;s reasonable
                                         opinion after receiving the written report of an independent physician selected by the
                                         Company, you are incapable, due to mental or physical disability, of performing the essential
                                         functions of your duties for a period of sixty (60) days (whether or not consecutive)
                                         during any period of one hundred twenty (120) days. In the event you shall become Disabled
                                         during the Term, the Company may terminate your employment and the Term and the Company
                                         shall have no further obligation or liabilities to you, except payment of accrued and
                                         unpaid Salary described in Paragraph 3 through the date of termination.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Death</U>.
                                         In the event of your death, your employment and the Term shall terminate immediately
                                         and the Company shall have no further obligation or liabilities to you or your estate
                                         except that your estate shall be entitled to receive payment of accrued and unpaid Salary
                                         described in Paragraph 3 through the date of termination.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Termination
                                         Payment</U>. Provided the Company makes the payments required under this Letter Agreement
                                         that are attributable to the termination of your employment, such payments shall be in
                                         full and complete satisfaction and release of any and all claims you or your beneficiaries,
                                         estate or legal representatives may have against the Company and/or its subsidiaries
                                         or affiliates hereunder.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Page 3</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


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<TD STYLE="width: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">7.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Non-Solicitation/Non-Competition
                                         Agreement</U>. You recognize that the services to be performed by you hereunder are special
                                         and unique. In consideration of the compensation granted herein, you agree that for as
                                         long as you are receiving your Salary under this Agreement and, if you are terminated
                                         by the Company for Cause or if you quit or resign your position, through April 30, 2023,
                                         you shall not, directly or indirectly, anywhere in the United States, whether individually
                                         or as a principal officer, employee, partner, member, director or agent of, or consultant
                                         for, any person or entity: (i) become employed by, an owner of, or otherwise affiliated
                                         with, or furnish services to, any business that competes with the Company, (ii) solicit
                                         any business from any customers of the Company, or (iii) hire, offer to hire, entice
                                         away, or in any manner persuade or attempt to persuade any employee of the Company to
                                         discontinue his/her employment with the Company or any other party that has a business
                                         relationship with the Company to discontinue his/her/its business relationship with the
                                         Company.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Covenant
                                         Not to Disclose</U><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">. You covenant
                                         and agree that you will not, to the detriment of the Company, at any time during or after
                                         the Term, reveal, divulge or make known to any person (other than (i) to the Company,
                                         or (ii) in the regular course of business of the Company) or use for your own account
                                         any confidential or proprietary records, data, processes, ideas, methods, devices, business
                                         concepts, inventions, discoveries, know-how, trade secrets or any other confidential
                                         or proprietary information whatsoever (the &ldquo;Confidential Information&rdquo;) previously
                                         possessed or used by the Company or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates, (whether or
                                         not developed, devised or otherwise created in whole or in part by your efforts) and
                                         made known to you by reason of your employment by or affiliation with the Company. You
                                         further covenant and agree that you shall retain all such knowledge and information which
                                         you shall acquire or develop respecting such Confidential Information in trust for the
                                         sole benefit of the Company and its successors and assigns. Additionally, you agree that
                                         all right, title and interest in and to any discoveries, processes, ideas, methods and/or
                                         business concepts that you develop during the Term relating to the business of the Company
                                         are, and shall remain the property of the Company, and you hereby assign to the Company
                                         any right, title and interest you might otherwise claim therein. </FONT></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Business
                                         Materials, Covenant to Report</U><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.
                                         All written materials, records and documents made by you or coming into your possession
                                         concerning the business or affairs of the Company shall be the sole property of the Company
                                         and, upon the termination of your employment with the Company or upon the request of
                                         the Company at any time, you shall promptly deliver the same to the Company and shall
                                         retain no copies thereof. You agree to render to the Company such reports of your activities
                                         or activities of others under your direction during the Term as the Company may request.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">10.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Governing
                                         Law; Injunctive Relief</U>.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">10.1</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
                                         validity, interpretation, and performance of this Agreement shall be controlled by and
                                         construed under the laws of the State of New York, excluding choice of law rules thereof.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">10.2</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">You
                                         acknowledge and agree that, in the event you shall violate any of the restrictions of
                                         Paragraphs 7, 8 or 9 hereof, the Company will be without an adequate remedy at law and
                                         will therefore be entitled to enforce such restrictions by temporary or permanent injunctive
                                         or mandatory relief in any court of competent jurisdiction without the necessity of proving
                                         damages or posting a bond or other security, and without prejudice to any other remedies
                                         which it may have at law or in equity. Each of you and the Company acknowledges and agrees
                                         that, in addition to any other state having proper jurisdiction, any such relief may
                                         be sought in, and for such purpose each of you and the Company consents to the jurisdiction
                                         of, the courts of the State of New York.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Page 4</P>
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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">11.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Assignment</U>.
                                         This Agreement, as it relates to your employment, is a personal contract and your rights
                                         and interests hereunder may not be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">12.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Notices</U>.
                                         Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be
                                         given or made pursuant to any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed to
                                         have been duly given or made for all purposes when hand delivered or sent by certified
                                         or registered mail, return receipt requested and postage prepaid, overnight mail or courier,
                                         or facsimile, addressed, if to the Company, at the Company&rsquo;s offices, Attn: CEO,
                                         and if to you, at the address of your personal residence as maintained in the Company&rsquo;s
                                         records, or at such other address as any party shall designate by notice to the other
                                         party given in accordance with this Paragraph 12.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">13.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Entire
                                         Agreement</U>. This Agreement represents the entire understanding and agreement between
                                         the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof, supersedes all prior agreements
                                         between such parties with respect to the subject matter hereof, and cannot be amended,
                                         supplemented or modified orally, but only by an agreement in writing signed by the party
                                         against whom enforcement of any such amendment, supplement or modification is sought.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">14.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Execution
                                         in Counterparts; Signatures; Severability</U>. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts,
                                         each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all of which together shall constitute
                                         one and the same instrument. Facsimile or electronic mail signatures hereon shall constitute
                                         original signatures. If any provisions of this Agreement as applied to any part or to
                                         any circumstance shall be adjudged by a court to be invalid or unenforceable, the same
                                         shall in no way affect any other provision of this Agreement, the application of such
                                         provision in any other circumstances or the validity or enforceability of this Agreement.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">15.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Representation
                                         by Counsel; Interpretation</U>. Each party acknowledges that it has been represented
                                         by counsel or has had the opportunity to be represented by counsel in connection with
                                         this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Accordingly, any
                                         rule or law or any legal decision that would require interpretation of any claimed ambiguities
                                         in this Agreement against the party that drafted it has no application and is expressly
                                         waived by such parties. The provisions of this Agreement shall be interpreted in a reasonable
                                         manner to effect the intent of the parties hereto.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 1in; text-indent: -1in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 1in; text-indent: -1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; padding: 0 0 1pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Signature:</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding: 0 0 1pt; text-indent: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 38%; text-align: left; padding-top: 0; padding-right: 0; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">/s/
    EDWARD R. ROSENFELD</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: 0; padding: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="padding: 0; text-indent: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Edward
    R. Rosenfeld, CEO</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0; padding: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding: 0; text-indent: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 0 0 1pt; text-indent: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Counter-signature:</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding: 0 0 1pt; text-indent: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0; padding-right: 0; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">/s/
    KARLA FRIEDERS</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Karla
    Frieders</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>


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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>shoo-20200511_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL PRESENTATION FILE
<TEXT>
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<TYPE>XML
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6605607184">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 11, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">May 11,  2020<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">000-23702<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">STEVEN MADDEN,
LTD.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000913241<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">13-3588231<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">52-16 Barnett Avenue<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Long Island City<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">NY<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">11104<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(718)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">446-1800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common
    Stock, par value $0.0001 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">SHOO<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
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<tr>
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<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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