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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Schedule of income (loss) before income taxes | For financial reporting purposes, income (loss) before income taxes includes the following components:
| Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
United States | $ | (309,183 | ) |  | $ | (440,696 | ) |  | $ | (174,913 | )
Foreign | (39,906 | ) |  | (8,425 | ) |  | (28,868 | )
Total | $ | (349,089 | ) |  | $ | (449,121 | ) |  | $ | (203,781 | )
Schedule of income tax expense (benefit) | Following were the components of income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016:
(in thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Current |  |  |  |  |
Federal | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
State | 6 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 7 |
Foreign | (100 | ) |  | 2,276 |  |  | — |
Deferred |  |  |  |  |
Federal | — |  |  | (150,015 | ) |  | (1,101 | )
State | — |  |  | (17,389 | ) |  | (2,645 | )
Foreign | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | (94 | ) |  | $ | (165,119 | ) |  | $ | (3,739 | )
Schedule of reconciliation of the statutory tax rates and the effective tax rates | A reconciliation of the statutory tax rates and the effective tax rates for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 are as follows:
| Years Ended December 31,
| 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Statutory rate | (21 | )% |  | (34 | )% |  | (34 | )%
State taxes, net of federal benefit | (4 | ) |  | (5 | ) |  | (5 | )
Nondeductible IPR&D | 6 |  |  | (1 | ) |  | 3 |
Contingent consideration | 1 |  |  | (18 | ) |  | — |
Tax credits | (10 | ) |  | (2 | ) |  | (3 | )
Foreign income tax rate differential | 2 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 2 |
Impact of 2017 Act | — |  |  | 27 |  |  | — |
Other | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | (1 | )
Valuation allowance | 26 |  |  | (14 | ) |  | 36 |
Net | — | % |  | (37 | )% |  | (2 | )%
Schedule of significant components of the deferred tax assets and liabilities | The significant components of the deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:
| For Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017
Deferred tax assets |  |  |
Intellectual property | $ | 48,339 |  |  | $ | 44,573 |
Amortization/depreciation | 3,732 |  |  | 3,082 |
Research tax credit | 96,509 |  |  | 43,382 |
Net operating loss carry forwards | 248,398 |  |  | 221,912 |
Deferred revenue | 4,401 |  |  | 6,158 |
Non-cash stock issue | 16,850 |  |  | 10,751 |
Interest carry forward limitation | 1,032 |  |  | — |
Others | 10,852 |  |  | 7,328 |
Gross deferred tax assets | 430,113 |  |  | 337,186 |
Deferred tax liabilities |  |  |
Business acquisition | (6,465 | ) |  | (6,465 | )
Royalty payable | (48,339 | ) |  | (44,573 | )
Convertible notes | (16,666 | ) |  | (18,991 | )
Advanced R&D payments | (2,103 | ) |  | (3,069 | )
Total net deferred tax assets | 356,540 |  |  | 264,088 |
Less: valuation allowance | (363,005 | ) |  | (270,553 | )
Net deferred tax liability | $ | (6,465 | ) |  | $ | (6,465 | )

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32639-109319 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32537-109319 + Details
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