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Revenue Recognition (Tables) | 6 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2020
Revenue From Contract With Customer [Abstract] |
Summary of Disaggregation of Revenue by Major Source | The following tables disaggregate our revenue by major source for the quarters and years to date ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 (dollars in thousands):
|  | For the Quarter Ended June 30, 2020 |  |  | For the Quarter Ended June 30, 2019 |
|  | CTU |  |  | AIU (3) |  |  | Corporate and Other(4) |  |  | Total |  |  | CTU |  |  | AIU |  |  | Corporate and Other(4) |  |  | Total |
Tuition |  | $ | 94,204 |  |  | $ | 73,004 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 167,208 |  |  | $ | 90,903 |  |  | $ | 57,341 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 148,244 |
Technology fees |  |  | 5,162 |  |  |  | 2,633 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 7,795 |  |  |  | 4,590 |  |  |  | 2,391 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 6,981 |
Other miscellaneous fees(1) |  |  | 323 |  |  |  | 173 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 496 |  |  |  | 463 |  |  |  | 91 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 554 |
Total tuition and fees |  |  | 99,689 |  |  |  | 75,810 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 175,499 |  |  |  | 95,956 |  |  |  | 59,823 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 155,779 |
Other revenue(2) |  |  | 504 |  |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | 536 |  |  |  | 599 |  |  |  | 50 |  |  |  | 13 |  |  |  | 662 |
Total revenue |  | $ | 100,193 |  |  | $ | 75,835 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | 176,035 |  |  | $ | 96,555 |  |  | $ | 59,873 |  |  | $ | 13 |  |  | $ | 156,441 |
|  | For the Year to Date Ended June 30, 2020 |  |  | For the Year to Date Ended June 30, 2019 |
|  | CTU |  |  | AIU (3) |  |  | Corporate and Other(4) |  |  | Total |  |  | CTU |  |  | AIU |  |  | Corporate and Other(4) |  |  | Total |
Tuition |  | $ | 191,755 |  |  | $ | 137,549 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 329,304 |  |  | $ | 183,521 |  |  | $ | 115,571 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 299,092 |
Technology fees |  |  | 10,282 |  |  |  | 5,290 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 15,572 |  |  |  | 8,039 |  |  |  | 4,769 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 12,808 |
Other miscellaneous fees(1) |  |  | 695 |  |  |  | 322 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,017 |  |  |  | 887 |  |  |  | 220 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,107 |
Total tuition and fees |  |  | 202,732 |  |  |  | 143,161 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 345,893 |  |  |  | 192,447 |  |  |  | 120,560 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 313,007 |
Other revenue(2) |  |  | 1,049 |  |  |  | 70 |  |  |  | 17 |  |  |  | 1,136 |  |  |  | 1,165 |  |  |  | 92 |  |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | 1,287 |
Total revenue |  | $ | 203,781 |  |  | $ | 143,231 |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | 347,029 |  |  | $ | 193,612 |  |  | $ | 120,652 |  |  | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | 314,294 |
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| (1) | Other miscellaneous fees include student activity fees and graduation fees.
| (2) | Other revenue primarily includes contract training revenue and bookstore sales.
(3) AIU includes revenue related to the Trident acquisition commencing on the March 2, 2020 date of acquisition.
| (4) | Revenue recorded within Corporate and Other relates to certain bookstore sales and closed campuses which are now reported within this category.
Summary of Contract Assets Offset with Deferred Revenue Balances | The amount of contract assets which are being offset with deferred revenue balances as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were as follows (dollars in thousands):
|  | As of |
|  | June 30, 2020 |  |  | December 31, 2019 |
Gross deferred revenue |  | $ | 67,817 |  |  | $ | 63,204 |
Gross contract assets |  |  | (29,279 | ) |  |  | (38,557 | )
Deferred revenue, net |  | $ | 38,538 |  |  | $ | 24,647 |
Changes in Deferred Revenue Balances | Changes in our deferred revenue balances for the quarters and years to date ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 were as follows (dollars in thousands):
|  | For the Quarter Ended June 30, 2020 |  |  | For the Quarter Ended June 30, 2019 |
|  | CTU |  |  | AIU |  |  | Total |  |  | CTU |  |  | AIU |  |  | Total |
Gross deferred revenue, April 1 |  | $ | 27,986 |  |  | $ | 28,934 |  |  | $ | 56,920 |  |  | $ | 25,901 |  |  | $ | 10,180 |  |  | $ | 36,081 |
Revenue earned from prior balances |  |  | (25,238 | ) |  |  | (22,929 | ) |  |  | (48,167 | ) |  |  | (23,679 | ) |  |  | (8,860 | ) |  |  | (32,539 | )
Billings during period(1) |  |  | 99,464 |  |  |  | 86,343 |  |  |  | 185,807 |  |  |  | 95,424 |  |  |  | 69,368 |  |  |  | 164,792 |
Revenue earned for new billings during the period |  |  | (74,451 | ) |  |  | (52,881 | ) |  |  | (127,332 | ) |  |  | (72,277 | ) |  |  | (50,963 | ) |  |  | (123,240 | )
Other adjustments |  |  | 331 |  |  |  | 258 |  |  |  | 589 |  |  |  | 456 |  |  |  | 251 |  |  |  | 707 |
Gross deferred revenue, June 30 |  | $ | 28,092 |  |  | $ | 39,725 |  |  | $ | 67,817 |  |  | $ | 25,825 |  |  | $ | 19,976 |  |  | $ | 45,801 |
|  | For the Year to Date Ended June 30, 2020 |  |  | For the Year to Date Ended June 30, 2019 |
|  | CTU |  |  | AIU |  |  | Total |  |  | CTU |  |  | AIU |  |  | Total |
Gross deferred revenue, January 1 |  | $ | 27,845 |  |  | $ | 35,359 |  |  | $ | 63,204 |  |  | $ | 24,250 |  |  | $ | 27,444 |  |  | $ | 51,694 |
Business acquisition, beginning balance |  |  | - |  |  |  | 13,395 |  |  |  | 13,395 |  |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Revenue earned from prior balances |  |  | (24,367 | ) |  |  | (39,533 | ) |  |  | (63,900 | ) |  |  | (22,335 | ) |  |  | (21,785 | ) |  |  | (44,120 | )
Billings during period(1) |  |  | 202,508 |  |  |  | 132,991 |  |  |  | 335,499 |  |  |  | 192,940 |  |  |  | 112,401 |  |  |  | 305,341 |
Revenue earned for new billings during the period |  |  | (178,365 | ) |  |  | (103,628 | ) |  |  | (281,993 | ) |  |  | (170,112 | ) |  |  | (98,775 | ) |  |  | (268,887 | )
Other adjustments |  |  | 471 |  |  |  | 1,141 |  |  |  | 1,612 |  |  |  | 1,082 |  |  |  | 691 |  |  |  | 1,773 |
Gross deferred revenue, June 30 |  | $ | 28,092 |  |  | $ | 39,725 |  |  | $ | 67,817 |  |  | $ | 25,825 |  |  | $ | 19,976 |  |  | $ | 45,801 |
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| 1) | Billings during period includes adjustments for prior billings.

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