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INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2022
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] |
INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL | INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL Intangible Assets The major components of intangible assets consist of:
|  | March 31, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
(in millions) |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization and Impairments |  | Net Carrying Amount |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization and Impairments |  | Net Carrying Amount
Finite-lived intangible assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Product brands |  | $ | 20,845 |  |  | $ | (16,452) |  |  | $ | 4,393 |  |  | $ | 20,842 |  |  | $ | (16,169) |  |  | $ | 4,673 |
Corporate brands |  | 900 |  |  | (489) |  |  | 411 |  |  | 902 |  |  | (473) |  |  | 429 |
Product rights/patents |  | 3,321 |  |  | (3,191) |  |  | 130 |  |  | 3,321 |  |  | (3,174) |  |  | 147 |
Partner relationships |  | 154 |  |  | (154) |  |  | — |  |  | 158 |  |  | (158) |  |  | — |
Technology and other |  | 199 |  |  | (199) |  |  | — |  |  | 207 |  |  | (206) |  |  | 1 |
Total finite-lived intangible assets |  | 25,419 |  |  | (20,485) |  |  | 4,934 |  |  | 25,430 |  |  | (20,180) |  |  | 5,250 |
Bausch + Lomb Trademark |  | 1,698 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,698 |  |  | 1,698 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,698 |
|  | $ | 27,117 |  |  | $ | (20,485) |  |  | $ | 6,632 |  |  | $ | 27,128 |  |  | $ | (20,180) |  |  | $ | 6,948 |
Long-lived assets with finite lives are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Impairment charges associated with these assets are included in Asset impairments in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The Company continues to monitor the recoverability of its finite-lived intangible assets and tests the intangible assets for impairment if indicators of impairment are present. Asset impairments, including loss on assets held for sale for the three months ended March 31, 2022 were $8 million and include: (i) impairments of $4 million, in aggregate, due to decreases in forecasted sales of certain product lines, and (ii) impairments of $4 million, in aggregate, related to the discontinuance of certain product lines. Asset impairments, including loss on assets held for sale for the three months ended March 31, 2021 were $148 million and include: (i) $71 million, in aggregate, due to decreases in forecasted sales of certain product lines in the Ortho Dermatologics business, (ii) an adjustment of $68 million due to the loss on assets held for sale in connection with the Amoun Sale and (iii) impairments of $9 million, in aggregate, related to the discontinuance of certain product lines. Estimated amortization expense of finite-lived intangible assets for the remainder of 2022 and each of the five succeeding years ending December 31 and thereafter is as follows:
(in millions) |  | Remainder of 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2027 |  | Thereafter |  | Total |
Amortization |  | $ | 870 |  |  | $ | 1,023 |  |  | $ | 901 |  |  | $ | 794 |  |  | $ | 664 |  |  | $ | 627 |  |  | $ | 55 |  |  | $ | 4,934 |  |
Goodwill The changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and the year ended December 31, 2021 were as follows:
(in millions) |  | Bausch + Lomb/ International |  | Bausch + Lomb |  | Salix |  | International |  | Ortho Dermatologics |  | Solta Medical |  | Diversified Products |  | Total
Balance, January 1, 2021 |  | $ | 5,704 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,159 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,267 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,914 |  |  | $ | 13,044 |
Realignment of segment goodwill |  | (5,704) |  |  | 5,395 |  |  | — |  |  | 887 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (578) |  |  | — |
Impairment |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (469) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (469) |
Foreign exchange and other |  | — |  |  | (77) |  |  | — |  |  | (62) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 21 |  |  | (118) |
Balance, December 31, 2021 |  | — |  |  | 5,318 |  |  | 3,159 |  |  | 825 |  |  | 798 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,357 |  |  | 12,457 |
Realignment of segment goodwill |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (798) |  |  | 115 |  |  | 683 |  |  | — |
Foreign exchange and other |  | — |  |  | (26) |  |  | — |  |  | (14) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10 |  |  | (30) |
Balance, March 31, 2022 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,292 |  |  | $ | 3,159 |  |  | $ | 811 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 115 |  |  | $ | 3,050 |  |  | $ | 12,427 |
Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at least annually on October 1st at the reporting unit level. A reporting unit is the same as, or one level below, an operating segment. The Company performs its annual impairment test by first assessing qualitative factors. Where the qualitative assessment suggests that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, a quantitative fair value test is performed for that reporting unit (Step 1). The fair value of a reporting unit refers to the price that would be received to sell the unit as a whole in an orderly transaction between market participants. The Company estimates the fair value of a reporting unit using a discounted cash flow model which utilizes Level 3 unobservable inputs. The discounted cash flow model relies on assumptions regarding revenue growth rates, gross profit, projected working capital needs, selling, general and administrative expenses, research and development expenses, capital expenditures, income tax rates, discount rates and terminal growth rates. To estimate fair value, the Company discounts the forecasted cash flows of each reporting unit. The discount rate the Company uses represents the estimated weighted average cost of capital, which reflects the overall level of inherent risk involved in its reporting unit operations and the rate of return a market participant would expect to earn. The quantitative fair value test is performed utilizing long-term growth rates and discount rates applied to the estimated cash flows in estimation of fair value. To estimate cash flows beyond the final year of its model, the Company estimates a terminal value by applying an in-perpetuity growth assumption and discount factor to determine the reporting unit’s terminal value. To forecast a reporting unit’s cash flows the Company takes into consideration economic conditions and trends, estimated future operating results, management’s and a market participant’s view of growth rates and product lives, and anticipates future economic conditions. Revenue growth rates inherent in these forecasts are based on input from internal and external market research that compare factors such as growth in global economies, recent industry trends and product life-cycles. Macroeconomic factors such as changes in economies, changes in the competitive landscape including the unexpected loss of exclusivity to the Company’s product portfolio, changes in government legislation, product life-cycles, industry consolidations and other changes beyond the Company’s control could have a positive or negative impact on achieving its targets. Accordingly, if market conditions deteriorate, or if the Company is unable to execute its strategies, it may be necessary to record impairment charges in the future and such change could be material. First Quarter 2021 - Realignment of Segments Commencing in the first quarter of 2021, the Company began operating in the following reportable segments: (i) Bausch + Lomb, (ii) Salix, (iii) International, (iv) Ortho Dermatologics and (v) Diversified Products. The Bausch + Lomb segment consisted of the: (i) U.S. Bausch + Lomb and (ii) International Bausch + Lomb reporting units. The Salix segment consisted of the Salix reporting unit. The International segment consisted of the International (formerly International Rx) reporting unit. The Ortho Dermatologics segment consisted of the: (i) Ortho Dermatologics and (ii) Global Solta reporting units. The Diversified Products segment consisted of the: (i) Neurology and Other, (ii) Generics and (iii) Dentistry reporting units. This realignment in segment structure resulted in a change in the Company’s former International reporting unit, which was divided between the International Bausch + Lomb reporting unit and International reporting unit. In addition, as part of the realignment of segment structure, certain products historically included in the Generics reporting unit were included in the U.S. Bausch + Lomb reporting unit. As a result of this realignment, goodwill was reassigned to each of the aforementioned reporting units using a relative fair value approach. Goodwill previously reported in the former International reporting unit was reassigned to the International Bausch + Lomb and International reporting units, and a portion of goodwill previously reported in the former Generics reporting unit was reassigned to the U.S. Bausch + Lomb reporting unit. Immediately prior to the change in reporting units, the Company performed a qualitative fair value assessment for its former: (i) International and (ii) Generics reporting units. Based on the qualitative fair value assessment performed, Management believed that it was more likely than not that the carrying values of its former: (i) International and (ii) Generics reporting units were less than their respective fair values and therefore, concluded a quantitative assessment was not required. Immediately following the change in reporting units, as a result of the change in composition of the net assets for its: (i) International Bausch + Lomb, (ii) International and (iii) Generics reporting units, the Company performed a quantitative fair value test. The quantitative fair value test utilized a range of long-term growth rates of 1.0% to 3.0% and a range of discount rates between 11.0% and 12.25%, in estimation of the fair value of the reporting units. After completing the testing, the fair value of each of these reporting units exceeded its carrying value by more than 40%, and, therefore, there was no impairment to goodwill. In addition, as the U.S. Bausch + Lomb reporting unit had a change in composition of its net assets related to certain products historically included in the Generics reporting unit now being included in the U.S. Bausch + Lomb reporting unit, the Company performed a qualitative assessment of this reporting unit. Based on the qualitative fair value assessment performed, Management believed that it was more likely than not that the carrying value of its current U.S. Bausch + Lomb reporting unit was less than its fair value and therefore, concluded a quantitative assessment was not required. 2021 Interim Goodwill Impairment Testing During the interim periods of 2021, with the exception of the Ortho Dermatologics reporting unit, no events occurred, or circumstances changed that would indicate that the fair value of any other reporting unit might be below its carrying value and therefore, no impairments were recorded. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, management identified launches of certain Ortho Dermatologics products which were not going to achieve their trajectories as forecasted once the social restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic began to ease in the U.S. and offices of health care professionals could reopen. In addition, insurance coverage pressures within the U.S. continued to persist limiting patient access to topical acne and psoriasis products. In light of these developments, during the first quarter of 2021, the Company began taking steps to: (i) redirect its R&D spend to eliminate projects it had identified as high cost and high risk, (ii) redirect a portion of its marketing and product development outside the U.S. to geographies where there is better patient access and (iii) reduce its cost structure to be more competitive. As a result, during the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company revised its long-term forecasts for the Ortho Dermatologics reporting unit. Management believed that these events were indicators that there was less headroom as of March 31, 2021 as compared to the headroom calculated on the date goodwill was last tested for impairment (October 1, 2020). Therefore, a quantitative fair value test for the Ortho Dermatologics reporting unit was performed. The quantitative fair value test utilized the Company’s most recent cash flow projections as revised in the first quarter of 2021 to reflect the business changes previously discussed, including a range of potential outcomes, along with a long-term growth rate of 1.0% and a range of discount rates between 9.0% and 10.0%. Based on the quantitative fair value test, the carrying value of the Ortho Dermatologics reporting unit exceeded its fair value at March 31, 2021, and the Company recognized a goodwill impairment of $469 million. Second Quarter 2021 - Realignment of Bausch + Lomb Reporting Units Commencing in the second quarter of 2021, the Company changed the way it reviews the financial information of its Bausch + Lomb segment. Beginning in the second quarter of 2021, management no longer reviews the financial information of its Bausch + Lomb segment on a geographic basis, but instead reviews this financial information on a business line basis. This change created a change in the reporting units of the Bausch + Lomb segment. After the change, under its business line view, the Bausch + Lomb segment consisted of the global: (i) Vision Care / Consumer Products, (ii) Ophthalmic Pharmaceuticals and (iii) Surgical reporting units. Prior to the second quarter of 2021, under the geographic view, the Bausch + Lomb segment consisted of the former: (i) U.S. Bausch + Lomb and (ii) International Bausch + Lomb reporting units. As a result of the realignment, goodwill was reassigned to each of the aforementioned reporting units using a relative fair value approach. The change in Bausch + Lomb reporting units did not impact the reported revenues and segment profits of the Bausch + Lomb segment for any prior periods. Immediately prior to the change in its Bausch + Lomb reporting units, the Company performed a qualitative fair value assessment for its former reporting units. Based on the qualitative fair value assessment, management believed that it was more likely than not that the carrying values of its former: (i) U.S. Bausch + Lomb and (ii) International Bausch + Lomb reporting units were less than their respective fair values and, therefore, concluded a quantitative assessment was not required. As a result of the change in composition of net assets, the Company performed a quantitative fair value test of its new: (i) Vision Care / Consumer Products, (ii) Ophthalmic Pharmaceuticals and (iii) Surgical reporting units immediately following the change in the Bausch + Lomb segment. The quantitative fair value test utilized long-term growth rates of 2.0% and 3.0% and a range of discount rates between 7.0% and 10.0%, in estimation of the fair value of the reporting units. After completing the testing, the fair value of each of these reporting units exceeded its carrying value by more than 45%, and, therefore, there was no impairment to goodwill. 2021 Annual Goodwill Impairment Test The Company conducted its annual goodwill impairment test as of October 1, 2021 by first assessing qualitative factors. Based on its qualitative assessment as of October 1, 2021, management believed that, with the exception of the Ortho Dermatologics reporting unit, it was more likely than not that the carrying amounts of its reporting units were less than their respective fair values and therefore concluded that a quantitative fair value test for those reporting units was not required. As part of its qualitative assessment of the Ortho Dermatologics reporting unit as of October 1, 2021, the Company considered, among other matters, the limited headroom as a result of the impairment to the goodwill of the Ortho Dermatologics reporting unit when last tested (March 31, 2021) and macroeconomic factors such as higher than expected inflation for many commodities, volatility in many of the equity markets and pressures on market interest rates. The Company believed that these facts and circumstances may suggest that it was more likely than not that the fair value of the Ortho Dermatologics reporting unit was less than its carrying amount, and therefore a quantitative fair value test was performed for the reporting unit. The Company performed a quantitative fair value test for the Ortho Dermatologics reporting unit as of October 1, 2021, utilizing a long-term growth rate of 1.0% and a discount rate of 9.0%, in estimation of the fair value of this reporting unit. Based on the quantitative fair value test, the fair value of the Ortho Dermatologics reporting unit was approximately 10% greater than its carrying value and as a result there was no impairment to the goodwill of the reporting unit. First Quarter 2022 - Realignment of Segments Commencing in the first quarter of 2022, the Company began operating in the following reportable segments: (i) Bausch + Lomb, (ii) Salix, (iii) International, (iv) Solta Medical and (v) Diversified Products. The Bausch + Lomb segment consists of the: (i) Vision Care / Consumer Products, (ii) Ophthalmic Pharmaceuticals and (iii) Surgical reporting units. The Salix segment consists of the Salix reporting unit. The International segment consists of the International reporting unit. The Solta Medical segment consists of the Global Solta reporting unit. The Diversified Products segment consists of the: (i) Neurology and Other, (ii) Generics, (iii) Ortho Dermatologics and (iv) Dentistry reporting units. As such, the new segment structure does not impact the Company’s reporting units but realigns the two reporting units of the former Ortho Dermatologics segment whereby the Ortho Dermatologics reporting unit is now part of the current Diversified Products segment and the Solta reporting unit is now its own operating and reportable segment, and therefore management concluded that a quantitative fair value test was not required. See Note 19, “SEGMENT INFORMATION” for additional information. March 31, 2022 Interim Assessment of Goodwill The Company continues to monitor market conditions which could impact the previous valuation of Ortho Dermatologics reporting unit. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, macroeconomic factors have impacted interest rates and the U.S. inflation rate is higher than previously expected. Given the limited headroom calculated on October 1, 2021, the Company believed that these facts and circumstances suggest the fair value of the Ortho Dermatologics reporting unit could be less than its carrying amount, and therefore a quantitative fair value test was performed for the reporting unit. The quantitative fair value test utilized the Company’s most recent cash flow projections as revised in the first quarter of 2022 and utilized a long-term growth rate of 1% and a discount rate of 9%. The discount rate contemplates changes in the current macroeconomic conditions noting certain inputs such as the risk free rate increased over the three months ended March 31, 2022, and was offset by decreases in other reporting unit specific risks during the same period. Based on the quantitative fair value test, the fair value of the Ortho Dermatologics reporting unit was less than 2% greater than its carrying value and as a result there was no impairment to the goodwill of the reporting unit. If market conditions deteriorate requiring management to revise its assumptions such as its long-term growth or discount rates, or if the Company is unable to execute its strategies, it may be necessary to record impairment charges in the future and those charges could be material. No other events occurred or circumstances changed during the period October 1, 2021 (the last time goodwill was tested for all other reporting units) through March 31, 2022 that would indicate that the fair value of any reporting unit, other than the Ortho Dermatologics reporting unit, might be below its carrying value. Accumulated goodwill impairment charges through March 31, 2022 were $4,180 million.

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