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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended | March 31, 2025
OR
☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-14956
Bausch Health Companies Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

British Columbia | , | Canada | 98-0448205
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

2150 St. Elzéar Blvd. West, Laval, Québec, Canada H7L 4A8
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
(514) 744-6792
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Shares, No Par Value | BHC | New York Stock Exchange | , | Toronto Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐ | Emerging growth company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Common shares, no par value — 369,550,086 shares outstanding as of April 25, 2025.

BAUSCH HEALTH COMPANIES INC.
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2025
INDEX

Part I. | Financial Information |
Item 1. | Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) |
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 | 2
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Deficit for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 | 4
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 | 5
| Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 6
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 40
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 73
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 73
Part II. | Other Information |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 74
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 74
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 76
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 76
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 76
Item 5. | Other Information | 76
Item 6. | Exhibits | 76
Signatures | 78

i

BAUSCH HEALTH COMPANIES INC.
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2025
Introductory Note
Except where the context otherwise requires, all references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025 (this “Form 10-Q”) to the “Company”, “we”, “us”, “our” or similar words or phrases are to Bausch Health Companies Inc. and its subsidiaries, taken together. In this Form 10-Q, references to “$” are to United States (“U.S.”) dollars, references to “€” are to Euros and references to “CAD” are to Canadian dollars. Unless otherwise indicated, the statistical and financial data contained in this Form 10-Q are presented as of March 31, 2025.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and may be forward-looking information within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities laws (collectively, “forward-looking statements”), as described in more detail under the heading “Forward-Looking Statements” in Item 2 of Part I of this Form 10-Q. Additional information about these factors and about the material factors or assumptions underlying such forward-looking statements may be found (i) in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed on February 19, 2025, under Item 1A. “Risk Factors”; (ii) under Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of Part II of this Form 10-Q; and (iii) in the Company’s other filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and the Canadian Securities Administrators (the “CSA”). When relying on our forward-looking statements to make decisions with respect to the Company, investors and others should carefully consider such factors and other uncertainties and potential events. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any of these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Form 10-Q or to reflect actual outcomes, except as required by law. We caution that, as it is not possible to predict or identify all relevant factors that may impact forward-looking statements, the list of important factors, as described in more detail under the heading “Forward-Looking Statements” in Item 2 of Part I of this Form 10-Q, that may affect future results is not exhaustive and should not be considered a complete statement of all potential risks and uncertainties.
ii

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
BAUSCH HEALTH COMPANIES INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in millions, except share amounts)
(Unaudited)

| March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Assets |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 1,134 |  |  | $ | 1,181 |
Restricted cash | 23 |  |  | 20 |
Trade receivables, net | 2,072 |  |  | 2,140 |
Inventories, net | 1,613 |  |  | 1,595 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 890 |  |  | 838 |
Total current assets | 5,732 |  |  | 5,774 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 1,882 |  |  | 1,780 |
Intangible assets, net | 5,297 |  |  | 5,551 |
Goodwill | 11,153 |  |  | 11,087 |
Deferred tax assets, net | 1,977 |  |  | 1,968 |
Other non-current assets | 380 |  |  | 363 |
Total assets | $ | 26,421 |  |  | $ | 26,523 |
Liabilities |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 620 |  |  | $ | 589 |
Accrued and other current liabilities | 3,354 |  |  | 3,489 |
Current portion of long-term debt | 282 |  |  | 2,674 |
Total current liabilities | 4,256 |  |  | 6,752 |
Acquisition-related contingent consideration | 282 |  |  | 310 |
Non-current portion of long-term debt | 21,228 |  |  | 18,942 |
Deferred tax liabilities, net | 134 |  |  | 128 |
Other non-current liabilities | 761 |  |  | 713 |
Total liabilities | 26,661 |  |  | 26,845 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 17) |  |  |
Deficit |  |  |
Common shares, no par value, unlimited shares authorized, 369,539,455 and 367,843,058 issued and outstanding at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively | 10,508 |  |  | 10,490 |
Additional paid-in capital | 220 |  |  | 234 |
Accumulated deficit | (9,882) |  |  | (9,824) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (2,029) |  |  | (2,179) |
Total Bausch Health Companies Inc. shareholders’ deficit | (1,183) |  |  | (1,279) |
Noncontrolling interest | 943 |  |  | 957 |
Total deficit | (240) |  |  | (322) |
Total liabilities and deficit | $ | 26,421 |  |  | $ | 26,523 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
1

BAUSCH HEALTH COMPANIES INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in millions, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  |
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Product sales | $ | 2,227 |  |  | $ | 2,129 |  |  |  |  |
Other revenues | 32 |  |  | 24 |  |  |  |  |
| 2,259 |  |  | 2,153 |  |  |  |  |
Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of goods sold (excluding amortization and impairments of intangible assets) | 683 |  |  | 628 |  |  |  |  |
Cost of other revenues | 18 |  |  | 12 |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative | 867 |  |  | 794 |  |  |  |  |
Research and development | 143 |  |  | 151 |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of intangible assets | 256 |  |  | 274 |  |  |  |  |
Asset impairments | — |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring, integration and separation costs | 1 |  |  | 12 |  |  |  |  |
Other expense, net | 15 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
| 1,983 |  |  | 1,872 |  |  |  |  |
Operating income | 276 |  |  | 281 |  |  |  |  |
Interest income | 11 |  |  | 9 |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense | (330) |  |  | (355) |  |  |  |  |
Gain on extinguishment of debt | — |  |  | 11 |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange and other | (4) |  |  | (15) |  |  |  |  |
Loss before income taxes | (47) |  |  | (69) |  |  |  |  |
Provision for income taxes | (39) |  |  | (8) |  |  |  |  |
Net loss | (86) |  |  | (77) |  |  |  |  |
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | 28 |  |  | 13 |  |  |  |  |
Net loss attributable to Bausch Health Companies Inc. | $ | (58) |  |  | $ | (64) |  |  |  |  |
Basic and diluted loss per share attributable to Bausch Health Companies Inc. | $ | (0.16) |  |  | $ | (0.17) |  |  |  |  |
Basic and diluted weighted-average common shares | 369.6 |  |  | 366.8 |  |  |  |  |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
2

BAUSCH HEALTH COMPANIES INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME( LOSS)
(in millions)
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  |
Net loss | $ | (86) |  |  | $ | (77) |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | 141 |  |  | (34) |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 141 |  |  | (34) |  |  |  |  |
Comprehensive income (loss) | 55 |  |  | (111) |  |  |  |  |
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | 37 |  |  | 11 |  |  |  |  |
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Bausch Health Companies Inc. | $ | 92 |  |  | $ | (100) |  |  |  |  |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
3

BAUSCH HEALTH COMPANIES INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
(in millions)
(Unaudited)

|  | Bausch Health Companies Inc. Shareholders’ Deficit |  |  |  |
|  | Common Shares |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Bausch Health Companies Inc. Shareholders’ Deficit |  | Non- controlling Interest |  | Total Deficit
|  | Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  |
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Balances, January 1, 2025 |  | 367.8 |  |  | $ | 10,490 |  |  | $ | 234 |  |  | $ | (9,824) |  |  | $ | (2,179) |  |  | $ | (1,279) |  |  | $ | 957 |  |  | $ | (322) |
Common shares issued under share-based compensation plans |  | 1.7 |  |  | 18 |  |  | (18) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Share-based compensation |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 43 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 43 |  |  | — |  |  | 43 |
Employee withholding taxes related to share-based awards |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (16) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (16) |  |  | — |  |  | (16) |
Vesting of B+L equity compensation |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (23) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (23) |  |  | 23 |  |  | — |
Net loss |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (58) |  |  | — |  |  | (58) |  |  | (28) |  |  | (86) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 150 |  |  | 150 |  |  | (9) |  |  | 141 |
Balances, March 31, 2025 |  | 369.5 |  |  | $ | 10,508 |  |  | $ | 220 |  |  | $ | (9,882) |  |  | $ | (2,029) |  |  | $ | (1,183) |  |  | $ | 943 |  |  | $ | (240) |
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Balances, January 1, 2024 |  | 365.2 |  |  | $ | 10,423 |  |  | $ | 214 |  |  | $ | (9,778) |  |  | $ | (1,881) |  |  | $ | (1,022) |  |  | $ | 940 |  |  | $ | (82) |
Common shares issued under share-based compensation plans |  | 1.5 |  |  | 57 |  |  | (57) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Share-based compensation |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 33 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 33 |  |  | — |  |  | 33 |
Employee withholding taxes related to share-based awards |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (14) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (14) |  |  | — |  |  | (14) |
Vesting of B+L equity compensation |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (12) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (12) |  |  | 12 |  |  | — |
Net loss |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (64) |  |  | — |  |  | (64) |  |  | (13) |  |  | (77) |
Other comprehensive (loss) income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (36) |  |  | (36) |  |  | 2 |  |  | (34) |
Balances, March 31, 2024 |  | 366.7 |  |  | $ | 10,480 |  |  | $ | 164 |  |  | $ | (9,842) |  |  | $ | (1,917) |  |  | $ | (1,115) |  |  | $ | 941 |  |  | $ | (174) |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
4

BAUSCH HEALTH COMPANIES INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in millions)
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024
Cash Flows From Operating Activities |  |  |
Net loss | $ | (86) |  |  | $ | (77) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets | 305 |  |  | 320 |
Amortization and write-off of debt premiums, discounts and issuance costs | 15 |  |  | 14 |
Asset impairments | — |  |  | 1 |
Acquisition-related contingent consideration | (11) |  |  | (2) |
Allowances for losses on trade receivable and inventories | 26 |  |  | 15 |
Deferred income taxes | (9) |  |  | (57) |
Net gain on sale of assets | — |  |  | (4) |
Adjustments to accrued legal settlements | (3) |  |  | 6 |
Payments of accrued legal settlements | (19) |  |  | (3) |
Share-based compensation | 43 |  |  | 33 |
Gain excluded from hedge effectiveness | (3) |  |  | (3) |
Gain on extinguishment of debt | — |  |  | (11) |
Payments of contingent consideration adjustments, including accretion | (2) |  |  | (2) |
Amortization of interim contract and inventory step-up resulting from acquisitions | 22 |  |  | 20 |
Foreign exchange and other | (2) |  |  | (4) |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |
Trade receivables | 110 |  |  | (63) |
Inventories | (30) |  |  | (144) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (46) |  |  | 121 |
Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities | (99) |  |  | 51 |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 211 |  |  | 211 |
Cash Flows From Investing Activities |  |  |
Acquisitions and other investments | (12) |  |  | — |
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (115) |  |  | (82) |
Acquisition of intangible assets and other assets | (9) |  |  | (1) |
Purchases of marketable securities | (4) |  |  | (3) |
Proceeds from sale of marketable securities | 4 |  |  | 6 |
Proceeds from sale of assets and businesses, net of costs to sell | — |  |  | 1 |
Interest settlements from cross-currency swaps | 6 |  |  | 6 |
Net cash used in investing activities | (130) |  |  | (73) |
Cash Flows From Financing Activities |  |  |
Issuance of long-term debt, net of discounts | 50 |  |  | 75 |
Repayments of long-term debt | (168) |  |  | (390) |
Payments of employee withholding taxes related to share-based awards | (16) |  |  | (14) |
Payments of acquisition-related contingent consideration | (7) |  |  | (7) |
Payments of financing costs | (5) |  |  | (4) |
Net cash used in financing activities | (146) |  |  | (340) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 21 |  |  | (5) |
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (44) |  |  | (207) |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | 1,201 |  |  | 962 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | 1,157 |  |  | $ | 755 |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 1,134 |  |  | $ | 733 |
Restricted cash | 23 |  |  | 22 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | 1,157 |  |  | $ | 755 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
5

BAUSCH HEALTH COMPANIES INC.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1.DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Bausch Health Companies Inc. (the “Company” or “Bausch Health”) is a global, diversified specialty pharmaceutical and medical device company that develops, manufactures and markets, primarily in the therapeutic areas of gastroenterology (“GI”), hepatology, neurology and dermatology, a broad range of branded, generic and branded generic pharmaceuticals, over-the-counter (“OTC”) products and aesthetic medical devices, and, through its approximately 88% ownership of Bausch + Lomb Corporation (“Bausch + Lomb” or “B+L”), branded, and branded generic pharmaceuticals, OTC products and medical devices (contact lenses, intraocular lenses, ophthalmic surgical equipment) in the therapeutic areas of eye health. The Company’s products are marketed directly or indirectly in approximately 90 countries.
2.SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation and Use of Estimates
The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared by the Company in U.S. dollars and in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial reporting, which do not conform in all respects to the requirements of U.S. GAAP for annual financial statements. Accordingly, these notes to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP that are contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and the Canadian Securities Administrators (the “CSA”) on February 19, 2025. The unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared using accounting policies that are consistent with the policies used in preparing the Company’s audited Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2024. The unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position and results of operations for the interim periods. The operating results for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year.
Separation of the Bausch + Lomb Eye Health Business
On August 6, 2020, the Company announced its plan to separate its eye health business, consisting of its Bausch + Lomb global Vision Care, Surgical and Pharmaceuticals businesses into an independent publicly traded entity, Bausch + Lomb, from the remainder of Bausch Health Companies Inc. (the “B+L Separation”). As part of this plan, in May 2022, a wholly owned subsidiary of Bausch Health sold common shares of Bausch + Lomb pursuant to an initial public offering of Bausch + Lomb (the “B+L IPO”). Following the B+L IPO, Bausch Health indirectly holds 310,449,643 common shares of Bausch + Lomb, which represents approximately 88% of B+L’s outstanding common shares as of March 31, 2025.
The completion of the full B+L Separation, which may be accomplished by the transfer of all or a portion of the Company’s remaining direct or indirect equity interest in Bausch + Lomb to its shareholders (the “Distribution”), the monetization of all or a portion of the Company’s ownership interest in Bausch + Lomb, or a combination thereof, is subject to the achievement of targeted debt leverage ratios and the receipt of any applicable shareholder and other necessary approvals. The Company continues to evaluate all relevant factors and considerations related to completing the B+L Separation, including the Xifaxan® Generics Litigation (see “Xifaxan® Paragraph IV Proceedings” of Note 17, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS”).
The B+L IPO established two separate companies that include: (i) a diversified pharmaceutical company comprised of the Salix, International, Diversified (neurology, dermatology, generic and dentistry pharmaceutical products), and Solta Medical aesthetic medical device businesses and (ii) a fully integrated eye health company which consists of the Bausch + Lomb Vision Care, Surgical and Pharmaceuticals businesses. These unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements do not include any adjustments to give effect to the B+L Separation.
Use of Estimates
In preparing the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions. The estimates and assumptions used by the Company affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from these estimates and the differences could be material.
On an ongoing basis, management reviews its estimates to ensure that these estimates appropriately reflect changes in the Company’s business and new information as it becomes available. If historical experience and other factors used by
6

management to make these estimates do not reasonably reflect future activity, the Company’s results of operations and financial position could be materially impacted.
Principles of Consolidation
The unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and those of its subsidiaries and any variable interest entities for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year amounts to conform to the current year presentation.
New Accounting Standards
There were no new accounting standards adopted during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards, Not Adopted as of March 31, 2025
In November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2024-03, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expense (“ASU 2024-03”), which requires public companies to disclose, in interim and annual reporting periods, additional information about specific expenses in the financial statements. The amendments in ASU 2024-03 are effective for the Company beginning with its 2027 annual report, and its interim periods beginning in 2028. Early adoption is permitted and is effective on either a prospective basis or retrospective basis. The Company is evaluating the impact of adoption on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”), which requires disclosures of disaggregated income taxes paid, prescribes standard categories for the components of the effective tax rate reconciliation and modifies certain other income tax-related disclosures. The enhanced income tax related disclosures required by ASU 2023-09 are effective for the Company beginning with its 2025 annual report. The Company is evaluating the impact of adoption on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
3.REVENUE RECOGNITION
The Company’s revenues are primarily generated from product sales, primarily in the therapeutic areas of GI, hepatology, neurology, dermatology and eye health, that consist of: (i) branded pharmaceuticals, (ii) generic and branded generic pharmaceuticals, (iii) OTC products and (iv) medical devices (contact lenses, intraocular lenses, ophthalmic surgical equipment and aesthetic medical devices). Other revenues include alliance and service revenue from the licensing and co-promotion of products and contract service revenue which is derived primarily from contract manufacturing for third parties and which is not material. See Note 18, “SEGMENT INFORMATION” for the disaggregation of revenue.
Product Sales Provisions
As is customary in the pharmaceutical industry, gross product sales are subject to a variety of deductions in arriving at reported net product sales. The transaction price for product sales is typically adjusted for variable consideration, which may be in the form of cash discounts, allowances, returns, rebates, chargebacks and distribution fees paid to customers. Provisions for variable consideration are established to reflect the Company’s best estimates of the amount of consideration to which it is entitled based on the terms of the contract. The amount of variable consideration included in the transaction price may be constrained, and is included in the net sales price only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of the cumulative revenue recognized will not occur in a future period.
Provisions for these deductions are recorded concurrently with the recognition of gross product sales revenue and include cash discounts and allowances, chargebacks, and distribution fees, which are paid to direct customers, as well as rebates and returns, which can be paid to direct and indirect customers. Returns provision balances and volume discounts to direct customers are included in Accrued and other current liabilities. All other provisions related to direct customers are included in Trade receivables, net, while provision balances related to indirect customers are included in Accrued and other current liabilities.
The Company continually monitors its variable consideration provisions and evaluates the estimates used as additional information becomes available. Adjustments will be made to these provisions periodically to reflect new facts and circumstances that may indicate that historical experience may not be indicative of current and/or future results. The Company is required to make subjective judgments based primarily on its evaluation of current market conditions and trade inventory levels related to the Company’s products. This evaluation may result in an increase or decrease in the experience rate that is applied to current and future sales, or require an adjustment related to past sales, or both. If the trend in actual
7

amounts of variable consideration varies from the Company’s prior estimates, the Company adjusts these estimates when such trend is believed to be sustainable. At that time, the Company would record the necessary adjustments which would affect net product revenue and earnings reported in the current period. The Company applies this method consistently for contracts with similar characteristics.
The following tables present the activity and ending balances of the Company’s variable consideration provisions for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
(in millions) |  | Discounts and Allowances |  | Returns |  | Rebates |  | Chargebacks |  | Distribution Fees |  | Total
Reserve balances, January 1, 2025 |  | $ | 170 |  |  | $ | 372 |  |  | $ | 1,421 |  |  | $ | 189 |  |  | $ | 85 |  |  | $ | 2,237 |
Current period provisions |  | 163 |  |  | 29 |  |  | 992 |  |  | 432 |  |  | 79 |  |  | 1,695 |
Payments and credits |  | (179) |  |  | (37) |  |  | (1,053) |  |  | (459) |  |  | (104) |  |  | (1,832) |
Reserve balances, March 31, 2025 |  | $ | 154 |  |  | $ | 364 |  |  | $ | 1,360 |  |  | $ | 162 |  |  | $ | 60 |  |  | $ | 2,100 |

Included in Rebates in the table above are cooperative advertising credits due to customers of approximately $40 million and $36 million as of March 31, 2025 and January 1, 2025, respectively, which are reflected as a reduction of Trade receivables, net in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Included as a reduction of current period provisions for Distribution Fees in the table above are price appreciation credits of approximately $2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
(in millions) |  | Discounts and Allowances |  | Returns |  | Rebates |  | Chargebacks |  | Distribution Fees |  | Total
Reserve balances, January 1, 2024 |  | $ | 191 |  |  | $ | 380 |  |  | $ | 1,108 |  |  | $ | 216 |  |  | $ | 44 |  |  | $ | 1,939 |
Current period provisions |  | 155 |  |  | 42 |  |  | 902 |  |  | 523 |  |  | 72 |  |  | 1,694 |
Payments and credits |  | (175) |  |  | (45) |  |  | (806) |  |  | (541) |  |  | (22) |  |  | (1,589) |
Reserve balances, March 31, 2024 |  | $ | 171 |  |  | $ | 377 |  |  | $ | 1,204 |  |  | $ | 198 |  |  | $ | 94 |  |  | $ | 2,044 |

Included in Rebates in the table above are cooperative advertising credits due to customers of approximately $37 million and $39 million as of March 31, 2024 and January 1, 2024, respectively, which are reflected as a reduction of Trade receivables, net in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. There were no price appreciation credits during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities
There are no contract assets for any period presented. Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue, the balance of which is not material to any period presented.
Allowance for Credit Losses
An allowance is maintained for potential credit losses. The Company estimates the current expected credit loss on its receivables based on various factors, including historical credit loss experience, customer credit worthiness, value of collateral (if any), and any relevant current and reasonably supportable future economic factors. Additionally, the Company generally estimates the expected credit loss on a pool basis when customers are deemed to have similar risk characteristics. Trade receivable balances are written off against the allowance when it is deemed probable that the trade receivable will not be collected. Trade receivables, net are stated net of certain sales provisions and the allowance for credit losses. The activity in the allowance for credit losses for trade receivables for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 is as follows.

(in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | 34 |
Provision for expected credit losses | (1) |  |  | — |
Write-offs charged against the allowance | — |  |  | — |
Recoveries of amounts previously written off | — |  |  | — |
Foreign exchange and other | — |  |  | — |
Balance, end of period | $ | 29 |  |  | $ | 34 |

8

4.LICENSING AGREEMENTS AND ACQUISITIONS
Licensing Agreements
In the normal course of business, the Company may enter into select licensing and collaborative agreements for the commercialization and/or development of unique products. These products are sometimes investigational treatments in early stage development that target unique conditions. The ultimate outcome, including whether the product will be: (i) fully developed, (ii) approved by regulatory agencies, (iii) covered by third-party payors or (iv) profitable for distribution, is highly uncertain. The commitment periods under these agreements vary and include customary termination provisions. Expenses arising from commitments, if any, to fund the development and testing of these products and their promotion are recognized as incurred. Royalties due are recognized when earned and milestone payments are accrued when each milestone has been achieved and payment is probable and can be reasonably estimated.
2025 Bausch + Lomb Acquisitions
Acquisition of Whitecap Biosciences
During January 2025, Bausch + Lomb, through an affiliate, acquired Whitecap Biosciences, LLC (“Whitecap Biosciences”) for an upfront payment of approximately $28 million and potential future milestone and royalty payments. The acquisition is expected to expand Bausch + Lomb’s clinical-stage pipeline as Whitecap Biosciences is currently developing two innovative therapies for potential use in glaucoma and geographic atrophy. Bausch + Lomb accounted for the transaction as an asset acquisition and during the three months ended March 31, 2025, Bausch + Lomb expensed the upfront payment of approximately $28 million as acquired in-process research and development costs, as included within Other expense, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
2024 Bausch + Lomb Acquisitions
Acquisition of Elios Vision
During December 2024, Bausch + Lomb, through an affiliate, acquired Elios Vision, Inc. (“Elios Vision”) for (i) a cash payment of approximately $99 million and (ii) potential future milestone obligations. Elios Vision, is the developer of the ELIOS® procedure, the first clinically validated, minimally invasive glaucoma surgery procedure using an excimer laser. This acquisition is expected to bolster Bausch + Lomb’s glaucoma treatment portfolio. The acquisition of Elios Vision has been accounted for as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting. The valuation of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as part of the acquisition of Elios Vision has not been finalized as of March 31, 2025. The areas that could be subject to change primarily relate to income tax matters. Bausch + Lomb will finalize these amounts no later than one year from the acquisition date.
Acquisition of Trukera Medical
During July 2024, Bausch + Lomb, through an affiliate, acquired TearLab Corporation, d/b/a Trukera Medical (“Trukera Medical”). Trukera Medical, a U.S.-based ophthalmic medical diagnostic company, commercializes ScoutPro®, a point-of-care portable device for precisely measuring osmolarity, the salt content of a person’s tears. This acquisition is expected to expand Bausch + Lomb’s presence in the dry eye market. The acquisition of Trukera Medical has been accounted for as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting.
See Note 3, “ACQUISITIONS AND LICENSING AGREEMENTS” to the audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC and the CSA on February 19, 2025 for additional information regarding the 2024 Bausch + Lomb acquisitions, including details regarding the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.
5.RESTRUCTURING, INTEGRATION AND SEPARATION COSTS
Restructuring and Integration Costs
The Company evaluates opportunities to improve its operating results and implement cost savings programs to streamline its operations and eliminate redundant processes and expenses. Restructuring and integration costs are expenses associated with the implementation of these cost savings programs and include expenses associated with: (i) reducing headcount, (ii) eliminating real estate costs associated with unused or under-utilized facilities and (iii) implementing contribution margin improvement and other cost reduction initiatives.
The Company incurred $1 million and $12 million of restructuring and integration costs during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
9

Separation Costs and Separation-related Costs
The Company has incurred, and will incur costs associated with activities relating to the B+L Separation. These B+L Separation activities include separating the Bausch + Lomb business from the remainder of the Company. Separation costs are incremental costs directly related to the B+L Separation and include, but are not limited to legal, audit and advisory fees. Separation costs included in Restructuring, integration and separation costs for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are not material.
The Company has incurred, and expects to continue to incur, incremental costs with respect to the B+L Separation. These separation-related costs include, but are not limited to rebranding costs, advisory fees and costs associated with facility relocation and/or modification. Included in Selling, general and administrative expenses for each of the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are separation-related costs of $5 million.
The extent and timing of future charges of these costs to complete the B+L Separation cannot be reasonably estimated at this time and could be material.
6.FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Fair value measurements are estimated based on valuation techniques and inputs categorized as follows:
•Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
•Level 2 — Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and
•Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are financial instruments whose values are determined using discounted cash flow methodologies, pricing models, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant judgment or estimation.
If the inputs used to measure the financial assets and liabilities fall within more than one level described above, the categorization is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following fair value hierarchy table presents the components and classification of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

|  | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
(in millions) |  | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents |  | $ | 431 |  |  | $ | 421 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 567 |  |  | $ | 557 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | — |
Restricted cash |  | $ | 23 |  |  | $ | 23 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Foreign currency exchange contracts |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | — |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Acquisition-related contingent consideration |  | $ | 339 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 339 |  |  | $ | 359 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 359 |
Cross-currency swaps |  | $ | 73 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 73 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 34 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 34 |  |  | $ | — |
Foreign currency exchange contracts |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | — |

Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments, primarily money market funds, with maturities of three months or less when purchased, and are reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at carrying value, which approximates fair value due to their short-term nature. Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as presented in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2025 includes $215 million of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash held by legal entities of Bausch + Lomb. Cash held by Bausch + Lomb legal entities and any future cash from the operating, investing and financing activities of Bausch + Lomb is expected to be retained by Bausch + Lomb entities and is generally not available to support the operations, investing and financing activities of other legal entities, including Bausch Health unless paid as a dividend which would be determined by the Board of Directors of Bausch + Lomb and paid pro rata to Bausch + Lomb’s shareholders.
There were no transfers into or out of Level 3 assets or liabilities during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
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Cross-currency Swaps
In 2022, Bausch + Lomb entered into cross-currency swaps, with aggregate notional amounts of $1,000 million, to mitigate fluctuation in the value of a portion of its euro-denominated net investment from fluctuation in exchange rates. The euro-denominated net investment being hedged is Bausch + Lomb’s investment in certain Bausch + Lomb euro-denominated subsidiaries. Bausch + Lomb’s cross-currency swaps qualify for and have been designated as a hedge of the foreign currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation and are remeasured at each reporting date to reflect changes in their fair values.
The assets and liabilities associated with Bausch + Lomb’s cross-currency swaps as included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

(in millions) | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Other non-current liabilities | $ | (76) |  |  | $ | (40) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | 6 |
Net fair value | $ | (73) |  |  | $ | (34) |

The following table presents the effect of hedging instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (loss) and the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  |  |
(in millions) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  |  |
(Loss) gain recognized in Other comprehensive loss |  | $ | (36) |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  |  |  |  |
Gain excluded from assessment of hedge effectiveness |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  |  |  |  |
Location of gain of excluded component |  | Interest Expense |  |  |

No portion of the cross-currency swaps were ineffective for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. During each of the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company received $6 million in interest settlements, which are reported as investing activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts
The Company’s foreign currency exchange contracts are remeasured at each reporting date to reflect changes in their fair values determined using forward rates, which are observable market inputs, multiplied by the notional amount. The Company’s foreign currency exchange contracts are economically hedging the foreign exchange exposure on certain of the Company’s intercompany balances. As of March 31, 2025, the Company’s outstanding foreign currency exchange contracts had an aggregate notional amount of $618 million.
The assets and liabilities associated with the Company’s foreign exchange contracts as included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

(in millions) | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Accrued and other current liabilities | $ | (2) |  |  | $ | (5) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 10 |
Net fair value | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5 |

The following table presents the effect of the Company’s foreign exchange contracts on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:
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|  |  | Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions) |  |  |  |  | 2025 |  | 2024
(Loss) gain related to changes in fair value |  |  |  |  | $ | (5) |  |  | $ | 4 |
(Loss) gain related to settlements |  |  |  |  | $ | (2) |  |  | $ | 1 |

Acquisition-related Contingent Consideration Obligations
The fair value measurement of contingent consideration obligations arising from business combinations is determined via a probability-weighted discounted cash flow analysis, using unobservable (Level 3) inputs. These inputs may include: (i) the estimated amount and timing of projected cash flows, (ii) the probability of the achievement of the factor(s) on which the contingency is based and (iii) the risk-adjusted discount rate used to present value the probability-weighted cash flows. Significant increases or decreases in any of those inputs in isolation could result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement. At March 31, 2025, the fair value measurements of acquisition-related contingent consideration were determined using risk-adjusted discount rates ranging from 6% to 28%, and a weighted average risk-adjusted discount rate of 8%. The weighted average risk-adjusted discount rate was calculated by weighting each contract’s relative fair value at March 31, 2025.
The following table presents a reconciliation of contingent consideration obligations measured on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:

|  | March 31,
(in millions) |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Balance, beginning of period |  |  |  | $ | 359 |  |  |  |  | $ | 292 |
Adjustments to Acquisition-related contingent consideration: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accretion for the time value of money |  | $ | 8 |  |  |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  |
Fair value adjustments due to changes in estimates of future payments |  | (19) |  |  |  |  | (7) |  |  |
Acquisition-related contingent consideration |  |  |  | (11) |  |  |  |  | (2) |
Payments/Settlements |  |  |  | (9) |  |  |  |  | (9) |
Balance, end of period |  |  |  | 339 |  |  |  |  | 281 |
Current portion included in Accrued and other current liabilities |  |  |  | 57 |  |  |  |  | 56 |
Non-current portion included in Other non-current liabilities |  |  |  | $ | 282 |  |  |  |  | $ | 225 |

Fair Value of Long-term Debt
The fair value of long-term debt as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was $18,844 million and $18,243 million, respectively, and was estimated using the quoted market prices for the same or similar debt issuances (Level 2).
7.INVENTORIES
Inventories, net consist of:

(in millions) |  | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Raw materials |  | $ | 538 |  |  | $ | 540 |
Work in process |  | 110 |  |  | 108 |
Finished goods |  | 965 |  |  | 947 |
|  | $ | 1,613 |  |  | $ | 1,595 |

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8.INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL
Intangible Assets
The major components of intangible assets consist of:

|  | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
(in millions) |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization and Impairments |  | Net Carrying Amount |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization and Impairments |  | Net Carrying Amount
Finite-lived intangible assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Product brands |  | $ | 22,483 |  |  | $ | (19,293) |  |  | $ | 3,190 |  |  | $ | 22,446 |  |  | $ | (19,026) |  |  | $ | 3,420 |
Corporate brands |  | 993 |  |  | (724) |  |  | 269 |  |  | 988 |  |  | (701) |  |  | 287 |
Product rights/patents |  | 3,258 |  |  | (3,232) |  |  | 26 |  |  | 3,255 |  |  | (3,224) |  |  | 31 |
Partner relationships, technology and other |  | 379 |  |  | (365) |  |  | 14 |  |  | 370 |  |  | (355) |  |  | 15 |
Total finite-lived intangible assets |  | 27,113 |  |  | (23,614) |  |  | 3,499 |  |  | 27,059 |  |  | (23,306) |  |  | 3,753 |
Acquired in-process research and development |  | 100 |  |  | — |  |  | 100 |  |  | 100 |  |  | — |  |  | 100 |
B&L Trademark |  | 1,698 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,698 |  |  | 1,698 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,698 |
|  | $ | 28,911 |  |  | $ | (23,614) |  |  | $ | 5,297 |  |  | $ | 28,857 |  |  | $ | (23,306) |  |  | $ | 5,551 |

Long-lived assets with finite lives are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Impairment charges associated with these assets are included in Asset impairments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company continues to monitor the recoverability of its finite-lived intangible assets and tests the intangible assets for impairment if indicators of impairment are present. The Company estimates the fair values of long-lived assets with finite lives using an undiscounted cash flow model which utilizes Level 3 unobservable inputs. The undiscounted cash flow model relies on assumptions regarding revenue growth rates, gross profit, selling, general and administrative expenses and research and development expenses.
Xifaxan® intangible assets included in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets had a carrying value of $1,481 million and an estimated remaining useful life of 33 months as of March 31, 2025. The Company has filed lawsuits against third-party generic manufacturers that have sent the Company Notices of Paragraph IV Certification for Xifaxan®. See “Xifaxan® Paragraph IV Proceedings” of Note 17, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS”).
The Xifaxan® intangible assets were last assessed for potential impairment during the third quarter of 2022. This assessment resulted in no impairment of the carrying value of the Xifaxan® finite-lived intangible assets as of September 30, 2022. As part of that assessment, the Company also determined that no change to the remaining useful lives of its Xifaxan® finite-lived intangible assets was required. During the period September 30, 2022 through March 31, 2025 there were no material adverse changes to the facts and circumstances of the Xifaxan® Generics Litigation or to actual or expected business performance for Xifaxan®. Based on these factors, no impairment to the carrying value of the Xifaxan® finite-lived intangible assets was identified as of March 31, 2025.
It is possible that the Xifaxan® Generics Litigation and other potential future developments: (i) may adversely impact the estimated future cash flows associated with these products, which could result in an impairment of the value of these intangible assets in one or more future periods and (ii) may result in shortened useful lives of the Xifaxan® intangible assets, which would increase amortization expense in future periods. Any such impairment or shortening of the useful lives of Xifaxan® could be material to the results of operations of the Company in the period or periods in which they were to occur.
Estimated amortization expense of finite-lived intangible assets for the remainder of 2025 and each of the five succeeding years ending December 31 and thereafter is as follows:

(in millions) |  | Remainder of 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2027 |  | 2028 |  | 2029 |  | 2030 |  | Thereafter |  | Total |
Amortization |  | $ | 732 |  |  | $ | 875 |  |  | $ | 837 |  |  | $ | 239 |  |  | $ | 223 |  |  | $ | 218 |  |  | $ | 375 |  |  | $ | 3,499 |  |

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Goodwill
The changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and the year ended December 31, 2024 were as follows:

(in millions) |  | Salix |  | International |  |  |  | Solta Medical |  | Diversified |  | Bausch + Lomb |  | Total
Balance, January 1, 2024 |  | $ | 3,159 |  |  | $ | 862 |  |  |  |  | $ | 115 |  |  | $ | 1,733 |  |  | $ | 5,314 |  |  | $ | 11,183 |
Additions |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 29 |  |  | 29 |
Foreign exchange and other |  | — |  |  | (70) |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 26 |  |  | (81) |  |  | (125) |
Balance, December 31, 2024 |  | 3,159 |  |  | 792 |  |  |  |  | 115 |  |  | 1,759 |  |  | 5,262 |  |  | 11,087 |
Foreign exchange and other |  | — |  |  | 37 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (15) |  |  | 44 |  |  | 66 |
Balance, March 31, 2025 |  | $ | 3,159 |  |  | $ | 829 |  |  |  |  | $ | 115 |  |  | $ | 1,744 |  |  | $ | 5,306 |  |  | $ | 11,153 |

Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at least annually on October 1st at the reporting unit level. A reporting unit is the same as, or one level below, an operating segment. The Company performs its annual impairment test by first assessing qualitative factors. Where the qualitative assessment suggests that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, a quantitative fair value test is performed for that reporting unit (Step 1).
Interim Assessments
No events occurred or circumstances changed during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 that would indicate that the fair value of any reporting unit might be below its carrying value. However, if market conditions deteriorate, or if the Company is unable to execute its strategies, it may be necessary to record impairment charges in the future and any such charges could be material.
Accumulated goodwill impairment charges through March 31, 2025 were $5,497 million.
9.ACCRUED AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accrued and other current liabilities consist of:

(in millions) |  | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Product rebates |  | $ | 1,320 |  |  | $ | 1,385 |
Product returns |  | 364 |  |  | 372 |
Legal matters and related fees |  | 310 |  |  | 332 |
Employee compensation and benefit costs |  | 280 |  |  | 348 |
Interest |  | 235 |  |  | 217 |
Income taxes payable |  | 76 |  |  | 63 |
Other |  | 769 |  |  | 772 |
|  | $ | 3,354 |  |  | $ | 3,489 |

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10.FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS
Principal amounts of debt obligations and principal amounts of debt obligations net of premiums, discounts and issuance costs consist of the following:

|  |  |  | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
(in millions) |  | Maturity |  | Principal Amount |  | Net of Premiums, Discounts and Issuance Costs |  | Principal Amount |  | Net of Premiums, Discounts and Issuance Costs
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2022 Amended Credit Agreement |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2027 Revolving Credit Facility |  | February 2027 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
February 2027 Term Loan B Facility |  | February 2027 |  | 2,156 |  |  | 2,138 |  |  | 2,187 |  |  | 2,166 |
AR Credit Facility |  | January 2028 |  | 300 |  |  | 300 |  |  | 300 |  |  | 300 |
B+L Credit Facilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
B+L Revolving Credit Facility |  | May 2027 |  | 160 |  |  | 160 |  |  | 110 |  |  | 110 |
B+L May 2027 Term Loan B Facility |  | May 2027 |  | 2,431 |  |  | 2,408 |  |  | 2,437 |  |  | 2,412 |
B+L May 2027 Incremental Term Loan B Facility |  | May 2027 |  | 398 |  |  | 394 |  |  | 400 |  |  | 396 |
B+L September 2028 Term Loan B Facility |  | September 2028 |  | 492 |  |  | 485 |  |  | 494 |  |  | 486 |
Senior Secured Notes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
5.50% Secured Notes |  | November 2025 |  | 1,680 |  |  | 1,678 |  |  | 1,680 |  |  | 1,678 |
6.125% Secured Notes |  | February 2027 |  | 1,000 |  |  | 993 |  |  | 1,000 |  |  | 993 |
5.75% Secured Notes |  | August 2027 |  | 500 |  |  | 498 |  |  | 500 |  |  | 498 |
4.875% Secured Notes |  | June 2028 |  | 1,600 |  |  | 1,590 |  |  | 1,600 |  |  | 1,589 |
11.00% First Lien Secured Notes |  | September 2028 |  | 1,774 |  |  | 2,394 |  |  | 1,774 |  |  | 2,481 |
14.00% Second Lien Secured Notes |  | October 2030 |  | 352 |  |  | 622 |  |  | 352 |  |  | 622 |
B+L Senior Secured Notes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
B+L 8.375% Secured Notes |  | October 2028 |  | 1,400 |  |  | 1,384 |  |  | 1,400 |  |  | 1,382 |
9.00% Intermediate Holdco Secured Notes |  | January 2028 |  | 999 |  |  | 1,240 |  |  | 999 |  |  | 1,279 |
Senior Unsecured Notes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
9.00% |  | December 2025 |  | 535 |  |  | 534 |  |  | 535 |  |  | 533 |
9.25% |  | April 2026 |  | 602 |  |  | 601 |  |  | 602 |  |  | 601 |
8.50% |  | January 2027 |  | 643 |  |  | 643 |  |  | 643 |  |  | 643 |
7.00% |  | January 2028 |  | 171 |  |  | 171 |  |  | 171 |  |  | 171 |
5.00% |  | January 2028 |  | 433 |  |  | 431 |  |  | 433 |  |  | 431 |
6.25% |  | February 2029 |  | 821 |  |  | 816 |  |  | 821 |  |  | 816 |
5.00% |  | February 2029 |  | 452 |  |  | 449 |  |  | 452 |  |  | 449 |
7.25% |  | May 2029 |  | 336 |  |  | 335 |  |  | 336 |  |  | 335 |
5.25% |  | January 2030 |  | 779 |  |  | 774 |  |  | 779 |  |  | 774 |
5.25% |  | February 2031 |  | 463 |  |  | 460 |  |  | 463 |  |  | 459 |
Other |  | Various |  | 12 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 12 |
Total long-term debt and other |  |  |  | $ | 20,489 |  |  | 21,510 |  |  | $ | 20,480 |  |  | 21,616 |
Less: Current portion of long-term debt |  |  |  | 282 |  |  |  |  | 2,674 |
Non-current portion of long-term debt and other |  |  |  | $ | 21,228 |  |  |  |  | $ | 18,942 |

Covenant Compliance
The Existing Senior Secured Credit Facilities (as defined below), the AR Credit Facility (as defined below), the B+L Credit Facilities (as defined below), the indentures that govern the Existing Senior Secured Notes (as defined below), the indenture that governs the B+L Secured Notes (as defined below), the indenture that governs the 9.00% Intermediate Holdco Senior Secured Notes (as defined below) and the indentures that govern the Existing Senior Unsecured Notes (as listed above, and, together with the Existing Senior Secured Notes, the “Existing Senior Notes”) contain (or contained) customary affirmative and negative covenants and specified events of default. These affirmative and negative covenants include (or included),
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among other things, and subject to certain qualifications and exceptions, covenants that restrict the Company’s ability and the ability of certain of its subsidiaries to: incur or guarantee additional indebtedness; create or permit liens on assets; pay dividends on capital stock or redeem, repurchase or retire capital stock or indebtedness; make certain investments and other restricted payments; engage in mergers, acquisitions, consolidations and amalgamations; transfer and sell certain assets; and engage in transactions with affiliates. The 2027 Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below) also contained a financial covenant. In connection with the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions (as defined and described below), the 2027 Revolving Credit Facility was terminated, and the Company is no longer subject to compliance with the financial covenant thereunder as of the date of issuance of these financial statements.
As of March 31, 2025, the Company was in compliance with its covenants related to its debt obligations.
April 2025 Refinancing Transactions
On April 8, 2025, the Company closed a series of transactions (the “April 2025 Refinancing Transactions”) whereby 1261229 B.C. Ltd., a company incorporated under the laws of British Columbia, Canada and an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Issuer”): (i) entered into a credit agreement which provides for new senior secured credit facilities (the “2025 Credit Agreement”) consisting of a five-year senior secured revolving credit facility in an amount of $500 million due April 8, 2030 (the “2030 Revolving Credit Facility”) and a $3,000 million 5.5-year senior secured term loan B facility due October 8, 2030 (the “2030 Term Loan B Facility” and together with the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility, the “2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities”) and (ii) issued $4,400 million aggregate principal amount of 10.00% senior secured notes due April 15, 2032 (the “2032 Senior Secured Notes”). The Issuer owns 185,468,421 common shares of Bausch + Lomb, and as of April 8, 2025, is a non-guarantor restricted subsidiary under the indentures that govern the Company’s Existing Senior Notes. The Company and certain of its subsidiaries are guarantors under the 2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities and the 2032 Senior Secured Notes. Bausch + Lomb and its subsidiaries are unrestricted subsidiaries under the 2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities, the 2032 Senior Secured Notes and the Existing Senior Secured Notes.
The proceeds from the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions were used: (i) to repay in full and terminate the February 2027 Term Loan B Facility (as defined below), (ii) to redeem certain Existing Senior Notes and the secured notes issued by 1375209 B.C. Ltd. (the “9.00% Intermediate Holdco Senior Secured Notes”) listed in the table below (collectively, the “Redeemed Notes”), (iii) to pay related fees, premiums and expenses and (iv) for general corporate purposes.
The aggregate principal amounts of the February 2027 Term Loan B Facility repaid in full and terminated and the Redeemed Notes redeemed, in connection with the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions are set forth below:

(in millions) |  |  |  |
February 2027 Term Loan B Facility |  | $ | 2,156 |  |  |
5.50% Senior Secured Notes due 2025 |  | 1,680 |  |  |
6.125% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 |  | 1,000 |  |  |
5.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 |  | 500 |  |  |
9.00% Intermediate Holdco Secured Notes due 2028 |  | 999 |  |  |
9.00% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2025 |  | 535 |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 6,870 |  |  |

The debt retired includes $2,394 million, inclusive of premiums and discounts, originally scheduled to come due within one year of March 31, 2025. As the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions were completed prior to the issuance of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the criteria under Accounting Standards Codification 470-10 has been met, these amounts have been classified as Non-current portion of long-term debt as of March 31, 2025.
Bridge Facility
On February 11, 2025, the Issuer entered into a commitment whereby a third-party lender agreed to provide a senior secured bridge loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $700 million, subject to customary conditions and limitations, including based on the value of the collateral (the “Bridge Facility”). In connection with the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions, on April 8, 2025 the Issuer terminated this Bridge Facility.
Credit Facilities
2022 Senior Secured Credit Facilities
On June 1, 2018, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries as guarantors entered into a Restatement Agreement to amend its then existing credit agreement pursuant to the Fourth Amended & Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement, as further
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amended by the First Incremental Amendment to the Fourth Amended & Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated as of November 27, 2018.
On May 10, 2022, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries as guarantors entered into a Second Amendment to the Fourth Amended & Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement (the “2022 Amended Credit Agreement”). The 2022 Amended Credit Agreement provided for a revolving credit facility of $975 million (the “2027 Revolving Credit Facility”) and term loan facilities of original principal amounts of $2,500 million (the “February 2027 Term Loan B Facility” and together with the 2027 Revolving Credit Facility, the “Existing Senior Secured Credit Facilities”).
As of March 31, 2025, the Company had no outstanding borrowings and had $24 million of issued and outstanding letters of credit on the 2027 Revolving Credit Facility.
The February 2027 Term Loan B Facility was repaid, and the Existing Senior Secured Credit Facilities were terminated, in connection with the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions as described above.
2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities
Loans under the 2025 Credit Agreement are: (i) secured, subject to customary limitations, by a first priority lien on substantially all of the assets of the Issuer, including a pledge of 185,468,421 common shares of Bausch + Lomb owned by the Issuer (representing 52.5% of the outstanding common shares of Bausch + Lomb as of April 8, 2025) (the “Bausch + Lomb Share Collateral”) and (ii) jointly and severally guaranteed by (x) the Company and subsidiaries of the Company that guaranteed the Existing Senior Secured Credit Facilities (the “BHC Existing Credit Agreement Guarantors”), with such guarantees secured by the assets of such guarantors, subject to customary limitations, by a first-priority lien that ranks pari passu with the liens securing the Company’s Existing Senior Secured Notes (as defined below) and the 2032 Senior Secured Notes and (y) certain subsidiaries of the Company that did not guarantee the Company’s Existing Senior Secured Credit Facilities, including 1530065 B.C. Ltd. (“153NumberCo”) and each subsidiary of 153NumberCo other than Bausch + Lomb and its subsidiaries (the “NumberCo Loan Guarantors” and, together with the BHC Existing Credit Agreement Guarantors, the “Loan Guarantors”), with such guarantees secured by the assets of the NumberCo Loan Guarantors, including the assets of the BHC Existing Loan Guarantors, subject to customary limitations, by a first-priority lien that ranks pari passu with the liens securing the 2032 Senior Secured Notes.
Borrowings under the 2030 Term Loan B Facility bear interest, with respect to U.S. dollar borrowings, based on the Company’s election of either (1) an alternate base rate equal to the highest of: (i) the prime rate then in effect, (ii) the greater of the federal funds effective rate and the overnight bank funding rate (each subject to a 0% floor), plus 0.500% and (iii) the Term SOFR Rate (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement) for a one-month interest period, plus 1.000%, subject to a 1.000% floor, plus the Applicable Rate (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement) or (2) the Term SOFR Rate for the applicable interest period, subject to a 0% floor, plus the Applicable Rate. The Applicable Rate in connection with a borrowing under the 2030 Term Loan B Facility is 5.25% per annum for alternate base rate borrowings and 6.25% per annum for Term SOFR Rate borrowings.
The 2030 Revolving Credit Facility will mature on the earlier of April 8, 2030 and the date that is 91 calendar days prior to the scheduled maturity of indebtedness for borrowed money of the Company or the Issuer in an aggregate principal amount in excess of $1,000 million. Borrowings under the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility can be made in U.S. dollars, Canadian dollars or Euros.
Borrowings under the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility bear interest, with respect to U.S. dollar borrowings, based on the Company’s election of either (1) an alternate base rate equal to the Applicable Rate plus the highest of: (i) the prime rate then in effect, (ii) the greater of the federal funds effective rate and the overnight bank funding rate (each subject to a 0% floor), plus 0.500% and (iii) the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement) for a one-month interest period (subject to a 0% floor) plus 1.000%, plus the Applicable Rate or (2) the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate for the applicable interest period (subject to a 0% floor), plus the Applicable Rate.
Borrowings under the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility bear interest, with respect to Canadian Dollar borrowings, based on the Company’s election of either (1) the Canadian Overnight Repo Rate Average (“Term CORRA”) plus 0.29547% for a one month interest period or 0.32138% for a three-month interest period (subject to a 0% floor), plus the Applicable Rate or (2) a rate equal to the highest of: (i) the Canadian prime rate then in effect and (ii) the annual rate of interest equal to the sum of the (x) Term CORRA rate plus 0.29547% for a one month interest period and (y) 1.00% (each subject to a 1.00% floor), plus the Applicable Rate.
Borrowings under the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility bear interest, with respect to Euro borrowings, based on the adjusted EURIBOR Screen Rate, (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement), subject to a 0% floor, for any applicable interest period plus the Applicable Rate.
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The Applicable Rate in connection with alternate base rate borrowings, Canadian prime rate loans and swingline loans is 3.25% and in connection with Adjusted Term SOFR Rate loans, Adjusted EURIBOR Rate loans and Adjusted Term CORRA Rate loans is 4.25%; provided that, in connection with any borrowing, the Applicable Rate is subject to two 0.250% step-downs subject to compliance with a Blended First Lien Leverage Ratio (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement) of equal to or less than 2.6:1.00 and equal to or less than 2.1:1.00, respectively. In addition, the Company is required to pay commitment fees of 0.50% per annum in respect of the unutilized commitments (but in the case of swingline loans, whether utilized or unutilized) under the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility, payable quarterly in arrears, subject to two 0.125% step-downs subject to compliance with a Blended First Lien Leverage Ratio of equal to or less than 2.6:1.00 and equal to or less than 2.1:1.00, respectively. The Company is also required to pay letter of credit fees on the maximum amount available to be drawn under all outstanding letters of credit in an amount equal to the Applicable Rate in connection with Adjusted Term SOFR Rate loans, Adjusted EURIBOR Rate loans and Adjusted Term CORRA Rate loans under the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility on a per annum basis, payable quarterly in arrears, as well as customary fronting fees (not to exceed 0.125% per annum) for the issuance of letters of credit and agency fees.
The Issuer is permitted to voluntarily prepay outstanding loans under the 2030 Term Loan B Facility, in whole or in part, without premium or penalty subject to customary “breakage” costs. The 2030 Term Loan B Facility includes a 100% net cash proceeds sweep, on a pro rata basis with obligations under the 2032 Senior Secured Notes, in connection with (i) the receipt of net cash proceeds from the sale of Bausch + Lomb Share Collateral, (ii) the receipt of any dividends, distributions or other amounts on account of such Bausch + Lomb Share Collateral, (iii) incurrence of indebtedness that is not otherwise permitted, (iv) certain asset sales or other dispositions of any property of the Company or its restricted subsidiaries and certain casualty or condemnation events (subject to reinvestment rights and with any prepayments to be shared ratably with the 11.00% First Lien Notes due September 2028, the 2028 Senior Secured Notes and the 2032 Senior Secured Notes) and (v) cash of the Issuer from payments under certain intercompany obligations after funding principal and interest payments (including for the subsequent six months) under the 2025 Credit Agreement and the 2032 Senior Secured Notes.
The 2030 Term Loan B Facility will mature October 8, 2030. The amortization rate for the 2030 Term Loan B Facility is 1.00% per annum, or $30 million, payable in quarterly installments beginning on September 30, 2025. The Issuer may direct that prepayments be applied to such amortization payments in order of maturity. The mandatory quarterly amortization payments for the 2030 Term Loan B Facility will be $158 million through October 2030.
The 2025 Credit Agreement provides for an accordion feature that allows the Issuer, on one or more occasions prior to December 31, 2025, to increase the size of the 2030 Term Loan B Facility, add one or more incremental term loan facilities or incur incremental equivalent debt in an aggregate amount not to exceed $1,600 million less the amount of any Drop Down Debt (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement) originally incurred (whether or not such Drop Down Debt remains outstanding at the time of such incurrence of incremental term loan facilities or incremental equivalent debt), secured by the collateral on a pari passu basis with the 2030 Term Loan B Facility and the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility. The incurrence of such incremental term loan facilities or incremental equivalent debt is subject to customary conditions, including that a specified amount of Bausch + Lomb shares are added to the Bausch + Lomb Share Collateral based on the amount of such incremental term loan facilities or incremental equivalent debt incurred. In addition, the Issuer and the guarantors shall be able to incur junior lien or unsecured indebtedness in an amount such that after giving effect to the incurrence of any such debt, the Company would be in compliance, on a pro forma basis after giving effect to such incurrence of such indebtedness, with either a (i) Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio that is no less than 2.00 to 1.00 or (ii) Total Leverage Ratio that is no greater than 6.50 to 1.00, in each case, subject to customary terms and conditions, and with such ratios as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement.
The 2030 Revolving Credit Facility, which is part of the 2025 Credit Agreement, also contains financial maintenance covenants, that require the Company to maintain (1) a Blended First Lien Leverage Ratio (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement) of not greater than (i) 4.25:1.00, prior to the Covenant Step Up Date (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement) and (ii) 5.75:1.00 on and after such date and (2) minimum liquidity of not less than $400 million on or after the Covenant Step Up Date.
Accounts Receivable Credit Facility
On June 30, 2023, certain subsidiaries of the Company entered into a Credit and Security Agreement (as amended, the “AR Facility Agreement”) with certain third-party lenders, providing for a non-recourse financing facility collateralized by certain accounts receivable originated by a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “AR Credit Facility”). The AR Facility Agreement provides for an up to $600 million facility, subject to certain borrowing base tests. Under the AR Credit Facility, a special purpose entity (the “Borrower”), as the borrower, purchases accounts receivable originated by a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, which collateralize borrowings under the AR Credit Facility. The Borrower is a bankruptcy
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remote entity that is unrestricted under the Company’s debt covenants, and which is consolidated by the Company. Borrowings under the AR Credit Facility are for general corporate purposes.
Borrowings under the AR Credit Facility are in U.S. dollars and bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the sum of the one month term SOFR plus 6.65%. The Company is required to pay commitment fees of 0.75% multiplied by the lesser of: (i) the unfunded portion of the lenders’ commitments or (ii) 50% of the total lenders’ commitments. The AR Facility Agreement contains customary events of default, representations and warranties and affirmative and negative covenants primarily applicable to the borrower thereunder, including, among other things, restrictions on indebtedness, liens, investments, mergers, dispositions, dividends and other distributions, and engaging in any business other than as set forth in the AR Facility Agreement. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Amortization Event (as defined in the AR Facility Agreement), including the occurrence of an Event of Default (under and as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement), and subsequent demand by the administrative agent (acting at the direction of the lenders), the outstanding advances and all other obligations under the AR Facility Agreement will be due and payable. The AR Credit Facility matures on January 28, 2028.
As of March 31, 2025, there were $300 million of outstanding borrowings under the AR Credit Facility at an all-in interest rate of 10.97%.
Bausch + Lomb Senior Secured Credit Facilities
On May 10, 2022, Bausch + Lomb entered into a credit agreement which provided for a term loan of $2,500 million (the “B+L May 2027 Term Loan B Facility”) and a five-year revolving credit facility of $500 million (the “B+L Revolving Credit Facility”). As of March 31, 2025, the B+L Revolving Credit Facility had $160 million of outstanding borrowings, $36 million of issued and outstanding letters of credit and $304 million of remaining availability, and a stated rate of interest for borrowings ranging from 7.16% to 7.17% per annum. As of March 31, 2025, the B+L May 2027 Term Loan B Facility had a stated rate of interest of 7.67% per annum, and remaining mandatory quarterly amortization payments of $50 million through March 2027, with the remaining term loan balance due in May 2027.
On September 29, 2023, Bausch + Lomb entered into an incremental term loan facility secured on a pari passu basis with its existing B+L May 2027 Term Loan B Facility and consisted of borrowings of $500 million in new term B loans (the “B+L September 2028 Term Loan B Facility”). As of March 31, 2025, the B+L September 2028 Term Loan B Facility had a stated rate of interest of 8.32% per annum, and remaining mandatory quarterly amortization payments of $16 million through June 2028, with the remaining term loan balance due in September 2028.
On November 1, 2024, Bausch + Lomb entered into an additional incremental term loan facility secured on a pari passu basis with its existing B+L May 2027 Term Loan B Facility and B+L September 2028 Term Loan B Facility and consisted of borrowing $400 million of new term loans (the “B+L May 2027 Incremental Term Loan B Facility”). As of March 31, 2025, the B+L May 2027 Incremental Term Loan B Facility had a stated rate of interest of 7.67% per annum and remaining mandatory quarterly amortization payments of $18 million through December 2026, with an additional amortization payment of $8 million due in March 2027 and the remaining term loan balance due in May 2027.
The B+L May 2027 Term Loan B Facility, the B+L May 2027 Incremental Term Loan B Facility, the B+L September 2028 Term Loan B Facility and the B+L Revolving Credit Facility (together the “B+L Credit Facilities”) are secured by substantially all of the assets of Bausch + Lomb and its material, wholly-owned Canadian, U.S., Dutch and Irish subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions.
The B+L Revolving Credit Facility is a source of funding for Bausch + Lomb and its subsidiaries only. Absent the payment of a dividend, which would be determined by the Board of Directors of Bausch + Lomb and paid pro rata to Bausch + Lomb’s shareholders, proceeds from the B+L Revolving Credit Facility are not available to fund the operations, investing and financing activities of any other subsidiaries of Bausch Health.
Senior Secured Notes
2032 Senior Secured Notes
The 2032 Senior Secured Notes are: (i) secured, subject to customary limitations, by a first priority lien on substantially all of the assets of the Issuer, including the Bausch + Lomb Share Collateral and (ii) jointly and severally guaranteed by (x) the Company and subsidiaries of the Company that guarantee the Existing Senior Notes (the “BHC Existing Note Guarantors”), with such guarantees secured by the assets of such guarantors, subject to customary limitations, by a first-priority lien that ranks pari passu with the liens securing the Company’s Existing Senior Secured Notes and the 2025 Credit Agreement and (y) certain subsidiaries of the Company that do not guarantee the Company’s Existing Senior Notes (the “NumberCo Note Guarantors” and, together with the BHC Existing Note Guarantors, the “Note Guarantors”), with such guarantees secured by the assets of the NumberCo Note Guarantors (including the Bausch + Lomb Share Collateral) and the assets of the BHC
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Existing Note Guarantors, subject to customary limitations, by a first-priority lien that ranks pari passu with the liens securing the 2025 Credit Agreement.
The 2032 Senior Secured Notes are redeemable at the option of the Issuer, in whole or in part, at any time on or after April 15, 2028, at the redemption prices set forth in the indenture that governs the 2032 Senior Secured Notes. Prior to April 15, 2028, the Issuer may redeem all or a portion of the 2032 Senior Secured Notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the date of redemption, plus a “make-whole” premium.
The 2032 Senior Secured Notes are subject to mandatory redemption upon (i) the receipt of net cash proceeds from the sale of Bausch + Lomb Share Collateral, (ii) the receipt of any dividends, distributions or other amounts on account of such Bausch + Lomb Share Collateral in excess of $50 million or (iii) the receipt of funds from any repayment of principal on certain intercompany obligations.
Upon the occurrence of a change of control (as defined in the indenture that governs the 2032 Senior Secured Notes), holders of 2032 Senior Secured Notes may require the Issuer to repurchase such holder’s 2032 Senior Secured Notes, in whole or in part, at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the purchase date applicable to the 2032 Senior Secured Notes.
Existing Senior Secured Notes
Senior secured notes issued prior to 2025 (the “Existing Senior Secured Notes”) are guaranteed by all of the Company’s subsidiaries that are BHC Existing Note Guarantors (together, the “BHC Existing Guarantors”). The Issuer and its direct parent, 153NumberCo are non-guarantor restricted subsidiaries with respect to the Company’s Existing Senior Secured Notes.
The Existing Senior Secured Notes and the applicable guarantees rank equally in right of repayment with all of the Company’s and the BHC Existing Guarantors’ respective existing and future unsubordinated indebtedness and senior to the Company’s and the BHC Existing Guarantors’ respective future subordinated indebtedness. The Existing Senior Secured Notes and the applicable guarantees related thereto are effectively pari passu with the Company’s and the BHC Existing Guarantors’ respective existing and future indebtedness secured by a first priority lien on the collateral securing the Existing Senior Secured Notes and effectively senior to the Company’s and the BHC Existing Guarantors’ respective existing and future indebtedness that is unsecured, including the existing senior unsecured notes (the “Senior Unsecured Notes”), or that is secured by junior liens, in each case to the extent of the value of the collateral that secures the Existing Senior Secured Notes. In addition, the Existing Senior Secured Notes are structurally subordinated to: (i) all liabilities of any of the Company’s subsidiaries that do not guarantee the Existing Senior Secured Notes (including 153NumberCo and its subsidiaries, including the Issuer) and (ii) any of the Company’s debt that is secured by assets that are not collateral (including the common shares of Bausch + Lomb owned by the Issuer).
Upon the occurrence of a change in control (as defined in the indentures that govern the Existing Senior Secured Notes), holders of the Existing Senior Secured Notes may require the Company to repurchase such holder’s Existing Senior Secured Notes, in whole or in part, at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the purchase date applicable to the Existing Senior Secured Notes.
B+L 8.375% Senior Secured Notes due 2028
On September 29, 2023, Bausch +Lomb issued $1,400 million aggregate principal amount of 8.375% Senior Secured Notes due October 2028 (the “B+L Secured Notes”) which are guaranteed by each of Bausch + Lomb’s subsidiaries that is a guarantor under the B+L Amended Credit Agreement (the “B+L Note Guarantors”). The B+L Secured Notes and the guarantees related thereto are senior obligations and are secured, subject to permitted liens and certain other exceptions, by the same first priority liens that secure Bausch + Lomb’s obligations under the B+L Amended Credit Agreement under the terms of the indentures that govern the B+L Secured Notes.
The B+L Secured Notes and the guarantees related thereto rank equally in right of repayment with all of Bausch + Lomb’s and B+L Note Guarantors’ respective existing and future unsubordinated indebtedness and senior to Bausch + Lomb’s and B+L Note Guarantors’ respective future subordinated indebtedness. The B+L Senior Secured Notes and the guarantees related thereto are effectively pari passu with Bausch + Lomb’s and the B+L Note Guarantors’ respective existing and future indebtedness secured by a first priority lien on the collateral securing the B+L Secured Notes and effectively senior to Bausch + Lomb’s and the B+L Note Guarantors’ respective existing and future indebtedness that is unsecured, or that is secured by junior liens, in each case to the extent of the value of the collateral. In addition, the B+L Secured Notes are structurally subordinated to: (i) all liabilities of any of Bausch + Lomb’s subsidiaries that do not guarantee the B+L Secured Notes and (ii) any of Bausch + Lomb’s debt that is secured by assets that are not collateral.
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Upon the occurrence of a change in control (as defined in the indentures that govern the B+L Secured Notes), unless Bausch + Lomb has exercised its right to redeem all of the notes of a series, holders of the B+L Secured Notes may require Bausch + Lomb to repurchase such holders’ notes, in whole or in part, at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest, but not including, the date of purchase.
The B+L Secured Notes are redeemable at the option of Bausch + Lomb, in whole or in part, at any time on or after October 1, 2025, at the redemption prices set forth in the indenture. Prior to October 1, 2025, Bausch + Lomb may redeem the B+L Secured Notes in whole or in part at a redemption price equal to the principal amount of the Notes redeemed plus a make-whole premium. Prior to October 1, 2025, Bausch + Lomb may, on any one or more occasions redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the B+L Secured Notes at a redemption price of 108.375% of the principal amount thereof, redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the date of redemption with the proceeds of one or more equity offerings.
Senior Unsecured Notes
The Senior Unsecured Notes issued by the Company are the Company’s senior unsecured obligations and are jointly and severally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by each of its subsidiaries that is a guarantor under the Existing Senior Secured Notes. The Senior Unsecured Notes issued by Bausch Health Americas, Inc. (“BHA”) are senior unsecured obligations of BHA and are jointly and severally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by the Company and each of its subsidiaries (other than BHA) that is a guarantor under the Existing Senior Secured Notes. Future subsidiaries of the Company and BHA, if any, may be required to guarantee the Senior Unsecured Notes. The Issuer and 153NumberCo are non-guarantor restricted subsidiaries with respect to the Senior Unsecured Notes.
Upon the occurrence of a change in control (as defined in the indentures that govern the Senior Unsecured Notes), holders of the Senior Unsecured Notes may require the Company or BHA, as applicable, to repurchase such holder’s Senior Unsecured Notes, in whole or in part, at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the purchase date applicable to the Senior Unsecured Notes.
2022 Exchange
On September 30, 2022, the Company closed a series of transactions whereby it exchanged (the “2022 Exchange”) validly tendered senior unsecured notes with an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $5,594 million for $3,125 million (the “2022 Secured Notes”) in aggregate principal balance of newly issued secured notes, a reduction of outstanding principal of $2,469 million.
The Company performed an assessment of the 2022 Exchange and determined that it met the criteria to be accounted for as a troubled debt restructuring under Accounting Standards Codification 470-60. As a result of the application of this accounting, the difference between the principal amount of the 2022 Secured Notes and their carrying value was recorded as a premium and is included in long-term debt on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet.
As of March 31, 2025, the remaining premium on the 2022 Secured Notes was $890 million, which is being reduced as contractual interest payments are made on the 2022 Secured Notes. During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company made contractual interest payments of $143 million and $45 million, respectively, related to the 2022 Secured Notes, of which $127 million and $39 million, respectively, was recorded as a reduction of the premium.
On April 8, 2025 in connection with the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions, the Company repaid in full and terminated the 9.00% Intermediate Holdco Senior Secured Notes.
Weighted Average Stated Rate of Interest
The weighted average stated rate of interest for the Company’s outstanding debt obligations as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was 7.71% and 7.72%, respectively. Due to the accounting treatment for the 2022 Secured Notes, interest expense in the Company’s financial statements will not be representative of the weighted average stated rate of interest.
Gain on Extinguishment of Debt
The Company may, from time to time, purchase outstanding debt for cash in open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, future liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors.
In January 2024 and May 2024, the Company repurchased and retired a portion of the 9.00% Senior Unsecured Notes due December 2025 and the 9.25% Senior Unsecured Notes due April 2026 with an aggregate par value of approximately $555 million, for an aggregate cost of approximately $530 million. In connection with these repurchases, the Company
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recognized a net gain of approximately $23 million on extinguishment of debt which represents the difference between the amounts paid to settle the extinguished debt and its carrying value.
Maturities
As a result of the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions, the maturities of the Company’s principal balances of debt obligations as of April 8, 2025 were as follows:

(in millions) |  | Remainder of 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2027 |  | 2028 |  | 2029 |  | 2030 |  | 2031 and 2032 |  | Total |
Total debt obligations |  | $ | 45 |  |  | $ | 672 |  |  | $ | 3,675 |  |  | $ | 6,199 |  |  | $ | 1,640 |  |  | $ | 3,995 |  |  | $ | 4,863 |  |  | $ | 21,089 |  |

The Company regularly evaluates market conditions, its liquidity profile and available financing alternatives, and may consider executing opportunistic financing transactions, including but not limited to, refinancing or restructuring consolidated indebtedness, issuing new debt instruments, divesting of assets or businesses and issuing equity or equity-linked securities (including secondary offerings or other monetization of a portion of its holdings of common shares of Bausch + Lomb), as deemed appropriate, to manage its debt maturities and improve its capital structure and liquidity.
See Note 10, “FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS” to the audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC and the CSA on February 19, 2025, for further details.
11.SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
Bausch Health’s Long-Term Incentive Plan
In May 2014, shareholders approved Bausch Health’s 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2014 Plan”) which has been amended from time to time to, among other things, increase the number of common shares authorized for issuance under the 2014 Plan. Effective May 14, 2024, Bausch Health further amended and restated the 2014 Plan, as subsequently amended and restated (the “Amended and Restated 2014 Plan”). Such amendment and restatement increased the number of common shares authorized for issuance under the Amended and Restated 2014 Plan by an additional 20,000,000 common shares.
Approximately 24,603,000 common shares were available for future grants as of March 31, 2025. The Company uses reserved and unissued common shares to satisfy its obligations under its share-based compensation plans.
Bausch Health has a long-term incentive program with the objective of aligning the share-based awards granted to senior management with the Company’s focus on generating operating cash flow while maintaining focus on improving total shareholder return (“TSR”) over the long-term. The share-based awards granted under this long-term incentive program may consist of time-based stock options, time-based restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and performance-based RSUs. Performance-based RSUs are comprised of awards that vest upon the attainment of certain targets that are based on the Company’s adjusted operating cash flow (“Adjusted Operating Cash Flow”) with a TSR modifier.
Bausch + Lomb Long-Term Incentive Plan
Prior to May 5, 2022, Bausch + Lomb participated in Bausch Health’s long-term incentive program. Effective May 5, 2022, Bausch + Lomb established the Bausch + Lomb Corporation 2022 Omnibus Incentive Plan (as subsequently amended and restated, the “B+L Plan”) and a total of 28,000,000 common shares of Bausch + Lomb were originally authorized for issuance under the B+L Plan. The B+L Plan was amended and restated effective April 24, 2023, and further amended and restated on May 29, 2024, to increase the number of shares authorized for issuance thereunder, resulting in an aggregate 52,000,000 common shares of Bausch + Lomb authorized for issuance under the B+L Plan.
The B+L Plan provides for the grant of various types of awards including RSUs, restricted stock, stock appreciation rights, stock options, performance-based awards and cash awards. Under the B+L Plan, the exercise price of awards, if any, is set on
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the grant date and may not be less than the fair market value per share on that date. Generally, stock options have a term of ten years and a three-year vesting period, subject to limited exceptions.
Share-based awards granted to senior management align with Bausch + Lomb’s focus on enhancing its revenue growth while maintaining focus on total shareholder return over the long-term. The share-based awards granted under this long-term incentive program consist of time-based stock options, time-based RSUs and performance-based RSUs (“PSUs”). The PSUs are comprised of awards that vest upon: (i) achievement of certain share price appreciation conditions, including absolute and relative TSR (the “TSR PSUs”), (ii) attainment of certain performance targets that are based on Bausch + Lomb’s Organic Revenue Growth (the “Organic Revenue Growth PSUs”) and (iii) outperformance of performance goals, based on the level of achievement of: (a) a revenue metric (measured for fiscal year 2026) and (b) relative TSR metric (if applicable) (“OPG PSU”). If Bausch + Lomb’s performance is below a specified performance level, no common shares will be paid. Each vested PSU represents the right of a holder to receive a number of Bausch + Lomb’s common shares up to a specified maximum.
Approximately 13,300,000 Bausch + Lomb common shares were available for future grants as of March 31, 2025. Bausch + Lomb uses reserved and unissued common shares to satisfy its obligations under its share-based compensation plans.
The following table summarizes the components and classification of the Company’s share-based compensation expenses related to stock options and RSUs for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(in millions) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  |
Stock options |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  |  |  |
RSUs |  | 39 |  |  | 30 |  |  |  |  |
|  | $ | 43 |  |  | $ | 33 |  |  |  |  |
Research and development expenses |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative expenses |  | 40 |  |  | 30 |  |  |  |  |
|  | $ | 43 |  |  | $ | 33 |  |  |  |  |

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Share-based awards granted for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 consist of:

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024
Bausch Health Share-Based Awards |  |  |
Time-based RSUs |  |  |
Granted | 5,379,000 |  |  | 4,246,000 |
Weighted-average grant date fair value | $ | 7.70 |  |  | $ | 9.39 |
Adjusted Operating Cash Flow performance-based RSUs |  |  |
Granted | 2,096,000 |  |  | 1,232,000 |
Weighted-average grant date fair value | $ | 7.36 |  |  | $ | 9.89 |
Bausch + Lomb Share-Based Awards |  |  |
Stock options |  |  |
Granted | 1,374,000 |  |  | 1,317,000 |
Weighted-average exercise price | $ | 15.86 |  |  | $ | 16.85 |
Weighted-average grant date fair value | $ | 4.66 |  |  | $ | 4.92 |
RSUs |  |  |
Granted | 3,033,000 |  |  | 2,967,000 |
Weighted-average grant date fair value | $ | 15.95 |  |  | $ | 16.84 |
TSR PSUs |  |  |
Granted | 388,000 |  |  | 826,000 |
Weighted-average grant date fair value | $ | 15.86 |  |  | $ | 21.21 |
Organic Revenue Growth PSUs |  |  |
Granted | 753,000 |  |  | 379,000 |
Weighted-average grant date fair value | $ | 15.98 |  |  | $ | 16.08 |
OPG PSU |  |  |
Granted | — |  |  | 1,758,000 |
Weighted-average grant date fair value | $ | — |  |  | $ | 17.04 |

As of March 31, 2025, the remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to all outstanding non-vested stock options, time-based RSUs and performance-based RSUs under the Company’s 2014 Plan and the B+L Plan amounted to $276 million, which will be amortized over a weighted-average period of 1.87 years.
As of March 31, 2025, the remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to all outstanding non-vested stock options, time-based RSUs and PSUs under the B+L Plan amounted to $181 million, which will be amortized over a weighted-average period of 1.86 years.
12.ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
Accumulated other comprehensive loss consists of:

(in millions) |  | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Foreign currency translation adjustment |  | $ | (2,012) |  |  | $ | (2,162) |
Pension adjustment, net of tax |  | (17) |  |  | (17) |
|  | $ | (2,029) |  |  | $ | (2,179) |

Income taxes are not provided for foreign currency translation adjustments arising on the translation of the Company’s operations having a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar, except to the extent of translation adjustments related to the Company’s retained earnings for foreign jurisdictions in which the Company is not considered to be permanently reinvested.
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13.RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Included in Research and development are costs related to product development and quality assurance programs. Quality assurance are the costs incurred to meet evolving customer and regulatory standards. Research and development costs consist of:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(in millions) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  |
Product related research and development |  | $ | 139 |  |  | $ | 146 |  |  |  |  |
Quality assurance |  | 4 |  |  | 5 |  |  |  |  |
|  | $ | 143 |  |  | $ | 151 |  |  |  |  |

14.OTHER EXPENSE, NET
Other expense, net consists of:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(in millions) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  |
Acquired in-process research and development costs |  | $ | 28 |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  |
Acquisition-related transaction costs |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Litigation and other matters, net of insurance recoveries and restitutions |  | (3) |  |  | 6 |  |  |  |  |
Acquisition-related contingent consideration |  | (11) |  |  | (2) |  |  |  |  |
Gain on sale of assets, net |  | — |  |  | (4) |  |  |  |  |
|  | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  |

Acquired in-process research and development costs for the three months ended March 31, 2025 are related to Bausch + Lomb’s acquisition of Whitecap Biosciences.
Acquisition-related contingent consideration for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 reflects adjustments for changes in estimates in the timing and amounts of expected future royalty and milestone payments and accretion for the time value of money.
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, Litigation and other matters primarily relates to restitution received in connection with a certain legal matter. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, Litigation and other matters primarily related to adjustments to provisions for certain legal matters.
15.INCOME TAXES
For interim financial statement purposes, U.S. GAAP income tax expense/benefit related to ordinary income is determined by applying an estimated annual effective income tax rate against a company’s ordinary income. Income tax expense/benefit related to items not characterized as ordinary income is recognized as a discrete item when incurred. The estimation of the Company’s income tax provision requires the use of management forecasts and other estimates, application of statutory income tax rates and an evaluation of valuation allowances. The Company’s estimated annual effective income tax rate may be revised, if necessary, in each interim period.
Provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $39 million and included: (i) $30 million of income tax provision for the Company’s ordinary loss for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and (ii) $9 million of net income tax provision for discrete items, which includes $6 million of net income tax provision associated with the filing of certain tax returns.
Provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $8 million and included: (i) $28 million of income tax provision for the Company’s ordinary loss for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and (ii) $20 million of net income tax benefit for discrete items, which includes $22 million of net income tax benefit related to uncertain tax positions.
The Company records a valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets to reduce the net carrying value to an amount that it believes is more likely than not to be realized. When the Company establishes or reduces the valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets, the provision for income taxes will increase or decrease, respectively, in the period such determination is made. The valuation allowance against deferred tax assets was approximately $2,344 million and $2,284 million as of
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March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The Company will continue to assess the need for valuation allowances on an ongoing basis.
As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had $937 million and $924 million, respectively, of unrecognized tax benefits, which included $75 million and $68 million of interest and penalties, respectively. Of the total unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2025, $417 million would reduce the Company’s effective tax rate, if recognized.
The Company has included the estimated impact of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s Inclusive Framework (Pillar 2), as currently adopted, in its tax provision beginning in 2024. While the estimated impact is not material, it is possible that the further implementation of the Inclusive Framework could have a material effect on the liability for corporate taxes or the consolidated tax rate in the future.
The Company continues to be under examination by the Canada Revenue Agency. In the first quarter of 2024, the Company finalized a settlement related to prior year withholding tax returns which was paid in the second quarter of 2024.
The Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) completed its examinations of the Company’s U.S. consolidated federal income tax returns for the years 2013 and 2014. There were no material adjustments to the Company’s taxable income as a result of these examinations. However, the 2014 tax year remains open to the extent of a 2017 capital loss carried back to that year (the “2017 Capital Loss”). The Company’s annual tax filings for 2015 and 2016 and short period tax return for the period ended September 8, 2017, which was filed as a result of the Company’s internal restructuring efforts during 2017 is currently under IRS examination. As part of its examination, the Company received a notice of proposed adjustment from the IRS that would disallow the 2017 Capital Loss resulting from its internal restructuring. The Company has contested this proposed tax deficiency through the IRS administrative appeals process, and if necessary, intends to continue to contest any proposed tax deficiency through appropriate litigation. Accordingly, no income tax provision had been recorded as of March 31, 2025. If the Company were ultimately unsuccessful in defending its position, and all or a substantial portion of the 2017 capital loss deduction were disallowed, the Company estimates, in a worst-case scenario, that it could be liable for additional income taxes (excluding penalties and interest) of up to $2,100 million, which could have an adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.
In January 2023, as part of an alternative dispute resolution process with the IRS, the Company reached a tentative settlement on the 2017 Capital Loss. In February 2025, the Company received notice from the IRS that the required approvals for the tentative settlement had been received, and that the administrative process of concluding the settlement and related audits had commenced. The Company expects any impact to the Company’s tax provision will be recorded in the period in which the administrative process concludes. While such settlement may be material to the Company’s results of operations in the quarter in which it is recorded, it will not be material to its results of operations for the year, and will not impact the Company’s cash flows.
The Company’s U.S. affiliates remain under examination for various state tax audits in the U.S. for years 2015 through 2024.
The Company’s subsidiaries in Germany are under audit for tax years 2014 through 2019. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company received a preliminary assessment from the German taxing authority for the 2014 through 2016 period that would disallow certain transfer pricing adjustments. The Company contested this alleged tax deficiency through the appropriate appeals process, and reached a preliminary settlement with the German taxing authority during the year ended December 31, 2024. The preliminary settlement resulted in the accrual of an immaterial tax cost and will close out the 2014 to 2016 audit period once the preliminary settlement is finalized.
In November 2022, the Company’s affiliate in the Netherlands received an assessment from the Luxembourg Tax Authorities as successor in interest to its affiliate in Luxembourg for tax years 2018 – 2019 for €271.7 million. The Company is vigorously defending its position and no reserves have been recorded.
In January 2025, the Company’s affiliate in Switzerland received a decision by the Tax Chamber of the Administrative Court of the Canton of Zug denying the affiliate’s objection to certain transfer pricing adjustments proposed by the Swiss Tax Authorities for its 2018 tax year. The Company is preparing to pursue the resolution of this dispute through the mutual agreement procedure and is expecting the impact of the decision to be immaterial.
Certain affiliates of the Company in regions outside of Canada, the U.S., Germany, Luxembourg and Australia are currently under examination by relevant taxing authorities, and all necessary accruals have been recorded, including uncertain tax benefits. At this time, the Company does not expect that proposed adjustments, if any, would be material to the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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16.LOSS PER SHARE
Loss per share attributable to Bausch Health Companies Inc. is calculated as follows:

| Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(in millions, except per share amounts) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  |
Net loss attributable to Bausch Health Companies Inc. | $ | (58) |  |  | $ | (64) |  |  |  |  |
Basic and diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding | 369.6 |  |  | 366.8 |  |  |  |  |
Basic and diluted loss per share attributable to Bausch Health Companies Inc. | $ | (0.16) |  |  | $ | (0.17) |  |  |  |  |

During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, all potential common shares issuable for stock options and RSUs were excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share, as the effect of including them would have been anti-dilutive. The dilutive effect of potential common shares issuable for stock options and RSUs on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding would have been approximately 4,193,000 and 3,448,000 common shares for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, time-based RSUs, performance-based RSUs and stock options to purchase approximately 14,300,000 and 16,190,000 common shares, respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method.
During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, an additional 2,083,000 and 1,231,000 performance-based RSUs were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share as the required performance conditions had not been met.
17.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time, the Company becomes involved in various legal and administrative proceedings, which include product liability, intellectual property, commercial, tax, antitrust, governmental and regulatory investigations, related private litigation and ordinary course employment-related issues. From time to time, the Company also initiates actions or files counterclaims. The Company could be subject to counterclaims or other suits in response to actions it may initiate. The Company believes that the prosecution of these actions and counterclaims is important to preserve and protect the Company, its reputation and its assets. Certain of these proceedings and actions are described in Note 20, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS,” to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC and the CSA on February 19, 2025.
On a quarterly basis, the Company evaluates developments in legal proceedings, potential settlements and other matters that could increase or decrease the amount of the liability accrued. As of March 31, 2025, the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets includes accrued current loss contingencies of $310 million related to matters which are both probable and reasonably estimable. For all other matters, unless otherwise indicated, the Company cannot reasonably predict the outcome of these legal proceedings, nor can it estimate the amount of loss, or range of loss, if any, that may result from these proceedings. An adverse outcome in certain of these proceedings could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations, and could cause the market value of its common shares and/or debt securities to decline.
Securities Class Actions and Related Matters
U.S. Securities Litigation - Opt-Out Litigation
In October 2015, four putative securities class actions were filed in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey against the Company and certain current or former officers and directors. The allegations related to, among other things, allegedly false and misleading statements and/or failures to disclose information about the Company’s business and prospects, including relating to drug pricing, the Company’s use of specialty pharmacies, and the Company’s relationship with Philidor Rx Services LLC. On May 31, 2016, the Court entered an order consolidating the four actions under the caption In re Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. Securities Litigation, Case No. 3:15-cv-07658.
On December 16, 2019, the Company announced that it had agreed to settle, subject to final court approval, the consolidated securities class action (the “Securities Class Action Settlement”). As part of the settlement, the Company and the other settling defendants admitted no liability as to the claims against them and denied all allegations of wrongdoing. On January 31, 2021, the District Court issued an order granting final approval of this settlement. After various appeals, and with passage of time, this settlement has become final pursuant to the stipulation of settlement. The matter is now concluded with respect to the Company and all claims have been resolved and discharged as to the Company and its current/former officers and directors.
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In addition to the consolidated putative class action, thirty-seven groups of individual investors in the Company’s stock and debt securities have chosen to opt out of the consolidated putative class action and filed securities actions in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey against the Company and certain current or former officers and directors. These actions are described and defined in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed on February 19, 2025.
These individual shareholder actions assert claims under Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Certain of these individual actions assert additional claims, including claims under Section 18 of the Exchange Act, Sections 11, 12(a)(2) and 15 of the Securities Act. These claims are based on alleged purchases of Company stock, options, and/or debt at various times between January 3, 2013 and August 10, 2016. The allegations in the complaints are similar to those made by plaintiffs in the putative class action. Discovery in the opt-out actions has concluded. Motions for summary judgment were filed on August 1, 2022. On May 22, 2023, the Special Master overseeing the opt-out litigation issued reports and recommendations denying Plaintiffs’ motions in their entirety, denying all motions filed by the Company and granting in part certain other defendants’ motions for summary judgment on subparts of their defenses. On January 2, 2024, the District Court issued decisions affirming in part and overruling in part the Special Master’s recommendations and granting partial summary judgment in favor of defendants on additional subparts of their defenses. No defendants were fully dismissed from the opt-out actions as a result of the District Court’s decisions. The total number of remaining opt-out actions pending in the District of New Jersey is fifteen actions. Twenty-two of the thirty-seven opt-out actions have been dismissed.
On January 7, 2019, the Court entered a stipulation of voluntary dismissal in the Senzar opt-out action. On June 19, 2020, the Court entered stipulations of voluntary dismissal in the Catalyst, Mississippi, Connecticut and Delaware actions. On July 13, 2020, the Court entered a stipulation of voluntary dismissal in the NYCERS action. On December 30, 2020, the Court entered a stipulation of voluntary dismissal in the BlueMountain action. On February 18, 2021, and March 10, 2021, the Court entered stipulations of voluntary dismissal in the T. Rowe, BloombergSen, Principal Funds, Pentwater, Lord Abbett, Equity Trustees and UC Regents actions. On April 30, 2021, the Court entered a stipulation of voluntary dismissal in the Florida SBA action. On July 20, 2021, the Court entered a stipulation of voluntary dismissal in the Janus action. On December 13, 2024, the Court entered a stipulation of voluntary dismissal in the GMO Trust action. On February 14, 2025, the Court entered stipulations of voluntary dismissal in the Boeing, 2012 Dynasty, Northwestern and Maverick actions. In addition, in January 2025, the Company reached a confidential settlement in principle, and, thereafter, in April 2025, executed a final confidential settlement agreement of the Blackrock action and the Blackrock Canadian Claims, as defined in the Canadian Securities Litigation – Opt-Out Litigation description, below. On April 22, 2025, the Court entered a stipulation of voluntary dismissal in the Blackrock action.
On April 10, 2025, the Court issued an order setting the following cases for a consolidated trial to begin on September 23, 2025: MSD Torchlight Partners, L.P. v. Valeant Pharmaceuticals Int’l, Inc., No. 16-7324 (“MSD”); Forsta AP-Fonden v. Valeant Pharmaceuticals Int’l, Inc., No. 17-12088 (“Forsta”); Ahuja v. Valeant Pharmaceuticals Int’l, Inc., No. 18-846 (“Ahuja”); Brahman Partners II, L.P. v. Valeant Pharmaceuticals Int’l, Inc., No. 18-893 (“Brahman”); USAA Mutual Funds Trust v. Valeant Pharmaceuticals Int’l, Inc., No. 20-7462 (“USAA”); Templeton v. Valeant Pharmaceuticals Int'l, Inc., No. 20-54 78 (“Templeton”).
The Company disputes the claims against it in the remaining individual opt-out actions and intends to defend itself vigorously.
U.S. Securities Litigation – Kelk Complaint
On July 26, 2023, a purported class action complaint captioned Kelk v. Bausch Health Companies Inc., et al. (No. 23-cv-03996), was filed in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey against the Company and certain of its current or former officers. The action alleges claims under Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. Plaintiffs allege that defendants made various misrepresentations and omissions regarding the Company’s proposed spin-off of Bausch + Lomb, and allege that those purported misrepresentations and omissions concealed that the spin-off was executed as part of a strategy to subvert the pending opt-out lawsuits and leave plaintiffs in those actions without viable means to a potential recovery. An amended complaint was filed on January 19, 2024. The amended complaint also alleges that defendants made various misrepresentations and omissions regarding the strength of the Company’s patents protecting its product, Xifaxan®, from generic competitors. Defendants moved to dismiss the amended complaint on March 20, 2024. On February 12, 2025, the District Court granted Defendants’ motion to dismiss the amended complaint in full without prejudice. On March 14, 2025, Plaintiffs filed a second amended complaint. Defendants moved to dismiss the second amended complaint on April 28, 2025.
The Company disputes the claims against it and intends to defend itself vigorously.
Derivative Lawsuit – Powers Complaint
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On October 2, 2023, a derivative lawsuit captioned Powers v. Papa, et al. (Index No. 159699/2023) was filed in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York by an alleged stockholder of the Company. The action purports to assert derivative claims on behalf of the Company against the Company’s Board of Directors and certain of its current or former officers and directors. The action asserts claims for, inter alia, breach of fiduciary duty and waste of corporate assets and alleges that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties of loyalty and good faith by causing the Company to issue false and/or misleading statements regarding the Company’s proposed spin-off of Bausch + Lomb. On January 23, 2024, the Court entered a stipulation and order staying this action.
Canadian Securities Litigation – Opt-Out Litigation
In 2015, several putative class actions were filed against the Company and certain current or former officers and directors in Canada in the provinces of British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec.
The actions generally alleged violations of Canadian provincial securities legislation on behalf of putative classes of persons who purchased or otherwise acquired securities of the Company for periods commencing as early as January 1, 2013 and ending as late as November 16, 2015. The alleged violations related to the same matters described in the U.S. Securities Litigation description above.
Each of these putative class actions, other than the action captioned Catucci v. Valeant, et al. (Court File No. 540-17-011743159, then Court File No. 500-06-000783-163) and filed in the Quebec Superior Court, was discontinued.
The Catucci action was settled in 2020, and the proceeding has been discontinued against the Company, its current and former directors and officers, its underwriters and its insurers. As part of the settlement, the Company and the other defendants admitted no liability as to the claims against it and denied all allegations of wrongdoing.
In addition to the class proceedings described above, on April 12, 2018, the Company was served with an application for leave filed in the Quebec Superior Court of Justice to pursue an action under the Quebec Securities Act against the Company and certain current or former officers and directors. This proceeding is captioned BlackRock Asset Management Canada Limited et al. v. Valeant, et al. (Court File No. 500-11-054155-185). The allegations in the proceeding are similar to those made by plaintiffs in the Catucci class action. On June 18, 2018, the same BlackRock entities filed an originating application (Court File No. 500-17-103749-183) against the same defendants asserting claims under the Quebec Civil Code in respect of the same alleged misrepresentations (collectively, the “Blackrock Canadian Claims”). In January 2025, the Company reached a confidential settlement in principle and, thereafter, in April 2025, executed a final confidential settlement agreement of the Blackrock Canadian Claims and the U.S. Blackrock action as described above in the U.S. Securities Litigation - Opt-Out Litigation.
The Company is aware that certain other members of the Catucci class exercised their opt-out rights prior to the June 19, 2018 deadline. On February 15, 2019, one of the entities which exercised its opt-out rights, the California State Teachers’ Retirement System (“CalSTRS”), served the Company with an application in the Quebec Superior Court of Justice for leave to pursue an action under the Quebec Securities Act against the Company, certain current or former officers and directors of the Company and its auditor. That proceeding is captioned California State Teachers’ Retirement System v. Bausch Health Companies Inc. et al. (Court File No. 500-11-055722-181). The allegations in the proceeding are similar to those made by the plaintiffs in the Catucci class action and in the BlackRock opt-out proceedings. On that same date, CalSTRS also served the Company with proceedings (Court File No. 500-17-106044-186) against the same defendants asserting claims under the Quebec Civil Code in respect of the same alleged misrepresentations.
On February 3, 2020, the Quebec Superior Court granted the applications of CalSTRS and BlackRock for leave to pursue their respective actions asserting claims under the Quebec Securities Act. On June 16, 2020, the Quebec Court of Appeal granted the defendants leave to appeal that decision. By judgment dated October 29, 2021, the appeals were dismissed.
On October 8 and 9, 2020, respectively, CalSTRS amended its proceedings to, among other things, include a new alleged misrepresentation concerning the accounting treatment of “price appreciation credits” in respect of Glumetza® during the period covered by the claims. On June 9, 2021, the Quebec Superior Court granted the Company’s application to strike the new allegations from CalSTRS Quebec Securities Act claim, but permitted the amendments to its claim under the Quebec Civil Code. On December 8, 2021, CalSTRS delivered its amended pleadings.
On March 17, 2021, four additional opt-outs from the Catucci class issued a Statement of Claim in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice. That proceeding is captioned The Bank of Korea et al. v. Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. et al. (Court File No. 21-006589666-0000). In addition, these plaintiffs also served and filed a motion for leave to pursue claims under the Ontario Securities Act. The allegations in this proceeding are similar to those made by the plaintiffs in the Catucci class action and the plaintiffs in the opt-out actions described above.
The Company disputes the claims against it and intends to defend itself vigorously.
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Canadian Securities Litigation – Ren Statement of Claim
On December 23, 2024, a putative class action Statement of Claim captioned Ren v. Bausch Health Companies, Inc., Joseph Papa (“Papa”) and Thomas Appio (“Appio”) (CV-24-00098326-CP) was filed in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice against the Company, Papa and Appio. The claim generally alleges violations of Ontario securities legislation and common law on behalf of putative classes of persons who purchased or otherwise acquired securities of the Company between April 2, 2020 and May 2, 2024. The alleged violations relate to the Company’s disclosures regarding the US and Canadian Securities Opt-Out Litigation described above.
On January 17, 2025, the Company was served with a Notice of Motion seeking leave to pursue the proposed action under the relevant provisions of the Ontario Securities Act.
The Company disputes the claims against it and intends to defend itself vigorously.
Other Securities and RICO Related Matters
Hound Partners Lawsuit
In October 2018, Hound Partners Offshore Fund, LP, Hound Partners Long Master, LP and Hound Partners Concentrated Master, LP, filed a lawsuit against the Company in the Superior Court of New Jersey Law Division/Mercer County (Hound Partners Offshore Fund, LP et al. v. Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., et al. (No. MER-L-002185-18)) that asserts claims for common law fraud, negligent misrepresentation, and violations of the New Jersey Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act. The allegations in the complaint are similar to those made in the Hound Partners opt-out case in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey. The Company disputes the claims and intends to vigorously defend this matter.
Antitrust
Generic Pricing Antitrust Litigation
The Company and its subsidiaries, Oceanside Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Oceanside”), Bausch Health US, LLC (formerly Valeant Pharmaceuticals North America LLC) (“Bausch Health US”) and Bausch Health Americas, Inc. (formerly Valeant Pharmaceuticals International) (“Bausch Health Americas”), as well as Bausch + Lomb Corporation (for the purposes of this paragraph, collectively, the “Company”), are defendants in multidistrict antitrust litigation (“MDL”) entitled In re: Generic Pharmaceuticals Pricing Antitrust Litigation, pending in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania (MDL 2724, 16- MD-2724). The lawsuits seek damages under federal and state antitrust laws, state consumer protection and unjust enrichment laws and allege that the Company’s subsidiaries entered into a conspiracy to fix, stabilize, and raise prices, rig bids and engage in market and customer allocation for generic pharmaceuticals. The lawsuits, which are brought as putative class actions by direct purchasers, end payers, and indirect resellers, and as direct actions by direct purchasers, end payers, insurers, hospitals, pharmacies, and various Counties, Cities, and Towns, are consolidated into the MDL. There are also additional, separate complaints which are consolidated in the same MDL that do not name the Company or any of its subsidiaries as a defendant. State of Connecticut, et al. v. Sandoz, Inc., et al., (D. CT, C.A. No. 3:20-00802), in which Bausch Health US and Bausch Health Americas are defendants, has been remanded to and is pending in the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut. There are cases pending in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County against the Company and other defendants related to the multidistrict litigation. The Company disputes the claims against it and continues to defend itself vigorously.
Additionally, Bausch Health Companies Inc. and certain U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries (for the purposes of this paragraph, collectively the “Company”) have been named as defendants in a proposed class proceeding entitled Kathryn Eaton v. Teva Canada Limited, et al. in the Federal Court in Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Court File No. T-607-20). The plaintiff seeks to certify a proposed class action on behalf of persons in Canada who purchased generic drugs in the private sector, alleging that the Company and other defendants violated the Competition Act by conspiring to allocate the market, fix prices, and maintain the supply of generic drugs, and seeking damages under federal law. The proposed class action contains similar allegations to the In re: Generic Pharmaceuticals Pricing Antitrust Litigation pending in the United States Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. The Company disputes the claims against it and intends to defend itself vigorously.
These lawsuits cover products of both Bausch + Lomb and the Company’s businesses. It is anticipated that Bausch + Lomb and the Company will split the fees and expenses associated with defending these claims, as well as any potential damages or other liabilities awarded in or otherwise arising from these claims, in the manner set forth in the master separation agreement dated as of March 30, 2022, governing the separation between Bausch Health and Bausch + Lomb.
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Intellectual Property
Patent Litigation/Paragraph IV Matters
From time to time, the Company (and/or certain of its affiliates) is also party to certain intellectual property litigation proceedings in the United States and Canada, including as arising from claims filed against the Company or by the Company (or that the Company anticipates filing within the required time periods) related to certain products sold by or on behalf of the Company, which may be in connection with Notices of Paragraph IV Certification (in the United States) and Notices of Allegation (in Canada) received from third-party generic manufacturers, where such products include Xifaxan® 200 mg and 550 mg, Cabtreo®, Lotemax® SM, Lumify®, Trulance® and Vyzulta® in the United States and Zaxine® in Canada.
Xifaxan® Paragraph IV Proceedings
The Company has filed lawsuits against Norwich Pharmaceuticals Inc. (“Norwich”), Amneal Pharmaceuticals of New York LLC, Zydus Pharmaceuticals (USA) Inc. (“Zydus”), Cipla USA, Inc. (“Cipla”), Carnegie Pharmaceuticals LLC (“Carnegie”), Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. (“Mylan”) and SABA Ilac Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S. (“SABA”) concerning the Company’s Xifaxan® (rifaximin) 550 mg tablets. The foregoing lawsuits and related litigation are referred to collectively as the “Xifaxan® Generics Litigation”.
The Norwich I Xifaxan® Litigation
On February 17, 2020, the Company and Alfasigma S.p.A. (“Alfasigma”) received a Notice of Paragraph IV Certification from Norwich, in which Norwich asserted that the U.S. patents listed in the Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”)’s Orange Book for the Company’s Xifaxan® tablets, 550 mg, are invalid, unenforceable and/or will not be infringed by the commercial manufacture, use or sale of Norwich’s generic rifaximin tablets, 550 mg, for which Norwich filed an ANDA (the “Norwich First ANDA”). The Company, through its subsidiaries Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Bausch Health Ireland Limited, holds the New Drug Application for Xifaxan® and owns or exclusively licenses (from Alfasigma) these patents. On March 26, 2020, certain of the Company’s subsidiaries and Alfasigma filed suit against Norwich in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware (Case No. 20-cv-00430) pursuant to the Hatch-Waxman Act, alleging infringement by Norwich of one or more claims of the Xifaxan® patents, thereby triggering a 30-month stay of the approval of the Norwich First ANDA for rifaximin tablets, 550 mg. Trial in this matter was held in March 2022. The court issued a final judgment on August 10, 2022 (the “Norwich Legal Decision”), finding that the U.S. Patents protecting the use of Xifaxan® (rifaximin) 550 mg tablets for the reduction in risk of HE recurrence valid and infringed and the U.S. patents protecting the composition, and use of Xifaxan® for treating IBS-D invalid. The Norwich Legal Decision prevents FDA approval of the Norwich First ANDA until October 2029. The Company appealed the Norwich Legal Decision to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit on August 16, 2022. Following the Company’s appeal, Norwich claimed to have removed the HE indication from the Norwich First ANDA and then filed a motion in the District Court requesting modification of the Norwich Legal Decision to permit the FDA to approve the Norwich First ANDA before October 2029. The Company opposed the motion. On May 17, 2023, the District Court denied Norwich’s motion and confirmed that the FDA remained enjoined from granting final approval to the Norwich First ANDA until October 2029. Norwich filed its appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit on May 19, 2023. The Company’s and Norwich’s appeals were consolidated (the “Norwich Appeal”). The Federal Circuit heard oral arguments on January 8, 2024 in the Norwich Appeal. On April 11, 2024, the Federal Circuit issued an opinion affirming the Norwich Legal Decision and the District Court’s denial of Norwich’s motion requesting modification of the Norwich Legal Decision (the “Norwich Appeal Decision”). In May 2024, both the Company and Norwich petitioned for panel and en banc rehearing of the Norwich Appeal Decision. The Federal Circuit denied the Company’s and Norwich’s rehearing petitions on June 13, 2024 and issued its mandate to the District Court on June 20, 2024. Under the Norwich Appeal Decision, the FDA remains enjoined from approving the Norwich First ANDA until October 2029. On September 11, 2024, the Company and Norwich filed petitions for writ of certiorari with the United States Supreme Court appealing certain aspects of the Norwich Appeal Decision. The Supreme Court denied Norwich’s and the Company’s petitions for writ of certiorari on November 18, 2024 and December 16, 2024, respectively.
In a letter to Norwich on June 2, 2023, the FDA granted tentative approval to the Norwich First ANDA, but confirmed that it is enjoined from granting final approval until October 2029. On June 5, 2023, Norwich brought a lawsuit against the FDA in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia (the “DC District Court”), alleging that the FDA acted improperly by only granting tentative approval to the Norwich First ANDA rather than final approval (the “First Norwich DC Lawsuit”). In June 2023, the Company intervened in the First Norwich DC Lawsuit. A hearing was held on October 6, 2023. On November 1, 2023, the DC District Court granted the Company’s and FDA’s motions for summary judgment, thereby ending the lawsuit. In December 2023, Norwich appealed the DC District Court’s November 1st decision to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (the “DC Circuit”). Although the DC Circuit held the appeal in abeyance on February 2, 2024, the DC circuit returned the case to the court’s active docket on December 17, 2024.
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The Norwich II Xifaxan® Litigation
The Company received a Notice of Paragraph IV Certification from Norwich, dated May 10, 2024, in which Norwich asserted that certain U.S. Patents listed in the FDA’s Orange Book for the Company’s Xifaxan® tablets, 550 mg, are invalid, unenforceable and/or will not be infringed by the manufacture, use, or sale of Norwich’s generic rifaximin tablets, 550 mg, for which Norwich filed an amended ANDA (the “Norwich Second ANDA”). On June 20, 2024, the Company filed suit against Norwich in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey pursuant to the Hatch-Waxman Act, alleging infringement by Norwich of one or more claims of U.S. Patent Nos. 11,564,912 (the “’912 Patent”) and 11,779,571 (the “’571 Patent”).
In a letter to Norwich on January 10, 2025, FDA granted tentative approval to the Norwich Second ANDA. In the January 10 letter, FDA confirmed that the first ANDA applicant for rifaximin 550 mg tablets is eligible for 180-day exclusivity. The 180-day exclusivity precludes FDA from granting final approval to the Norwich Second ANDA. On January 13, 2025, Norwich brought a lawsuit against the FDA in the DC District Court, alleging that the FDA acted improperly by only granting tentative approval to the Norwich Second ANDA rather than final approval (the “Second Norwich DC Lawsuit”). In the Second Norwich DC Lawsuit, Norwich asserts (1) that the Norwich Second ANDA is not subject to a 30-month stay of approval and (2) that the first ANDA applicant for rifaximin 550 mg tablets forfeited their 180-day exclusivity. Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. (“Teva”) and Salix intervened in the Second Norwich DC Lawsuit as defendants. On April 17, 2025, the DC District Court granted summary judgment in favor of the FDA, Teva, and the Company. The DC District Court confirmed that the FDA’s decision to only tentatively approve the Norwich Second ANDA was not arbitrary, capricious, or contrary to law because Teva had not forfeited its 180-day exclusivity. On April 18, 2025, Norwich appealed the judgment to the DC Circuit.
The Amneal Xifaxan® Litigation
On February 28, 2024, the Company received a Notice of Paragraph IV Certification from Amneal Pharmaceuticals of New York, LLC, U.S. Agent for Amneal EU, Limited (collectively “Amneal”), in which Amneal asserted that certain U.S. Patents listed in the FDA’s Orange Book for the Company’s Xifaxan® tablets, 550 mg, are invalid, unenforceable and/or will not be infringed by the manufacture, use, sale, offer for sale, and/or importation of Amneal’s generic rifaximin tablets, 550 mg, for which Amneal filed an ANDA. On April 5, 2024, the Company and Alfasigma filed suit against Amneal in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey pursuant to the Hatch-Waxman Act, alleging infringement by Amneal of one or more claims of the Xifaxan® patents, thereby triggering a 30-month stay of the approval of Amneal’s ANDA for rifaximin tablets, 550 mg. Although enjoined from granting final approval, FDA granted tentative approval to Amneal’s ANDA on January 16, 2025.
The Zydus Xifaxan® Litigation
The Company received a Notice of Paragraph IV Certification from Zydus, dated August 15, 2024, in which Zydus asserted that certain U.S. Patents listed in the FDA’s Orange Book for the Company’s Xifaxan® tablets, 550 mg, are invalid, unenforceable and/or will not be infringed by the manufacture, use, sale, offer for sale, and/or importation of Zydus’s generic rifaximin tablets, 550 mg, for which Zydus filed an ANDA. On September 27, 2024, the Company and Alfasigma filed suit against Zydus in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey pursuant to the Hatch-Waxman Act, alleging infringement by Zydus of one or more claims of the Xifaxan® patents, thereby triggering a 30-month stay of the approval of Zydus’s ANDA for rifaximin tablets, 550 mg.
The Cipla Xifaxan® Litigation
The Company received a Notice of Paragraph IV Certification from Cipla USA, Inc., U.S. Agent for Cipla Limited (collectively “Cipla”), dated September 18, 2024, in which Cipla asserted that certain U.S. Patents listed in the FDA’s Orange Book for the Company’s Xifaxan® tablets, 550 mg, are invalid, unenforceable and/or will not be infringed by the manufacture, use, sale, offer for sale, and/or importation of Cipla’s generic rifaximin tablets, 550 mg, for which Cipla filed an ANDA. On November 1, 2024, the Company filed suit against Cipla pursuant to the Hatch-Waxman Act, alleging infringement by Cipla of one or more claims of the Xifaxan® patents, thereby triggering a 30-month stay of the approval of Cipla’s ANDA for rifaximin tablets, 550 mg.
The Carnegie Xifaxan® Litigation
The Company received a Notice of Paragraph IV Certification from Carnegie, dated October 1, 2024, in which Carnegie asserted that certain U.S. Patents listed in the FDA’s Orange Book for the Company’s Xifaxan® tablets, 550 mg, are invalid, unenforceable and/or will not be infringed by the manufacture, use, sale, offer for sale, and/or importation of Carnegie’s generic rifaximin tablets, 550 mg, for which Carnegie filed an ANDA. On November 7, 2024, the Company filed suit against Carnegie pursuant to the Hatch-Waxman Act, alleging infringement by Carnegie of one or more claims of the Xifaxan® patents, thereby triggering a 30-month stay of the approval of Carnegie’s ANDA for rifaximin tablets, 550 mg.
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The Mylan Xifaxan® Litigation
The Company received a Notice of Paragraph IV Certification from Mylan, dated February 11, 2025, in which Mylan asserted that certain U.S. Patents listed in the FDA’s Orange Book for the Company’s Xifaxan® tablets, 550 mg, are invalid, unenforceable and/or will not be infringed by the manufacture, use, sale, offer for sale, and/or importation of Mylan’s generic rifaximin tablets, 550 mg, for which Mylan filed an ANDA. On March 26, 2025, the Company filed suit against Mylan pursuant to the Hatch-Waxman Act, alleging infringement by Mylan of one or more claims of the Xifaxan® patents, thereby triggering a 30-month stay of the approval of Mylan’s ANDA for rifaximin tablets, 550 mg.
The SABA Xifaxan® Litigation
The Company received a Notice of Paragraph IV Certification from SABA, dated February 20, 2025, in which SABA asserted that certain U.S. Patents listed in the FDA’s Orange Book for the Company’s Xifaxan® tablets, 550 mg, are invalid, unenforceable and/or will not be infringed by the manufacture, use, sale, offer for sale, and/or importation of SABA’s generic rifaximin tablets, 550 mg, for which SABA filed an ANDA. On April 4, 2025, the Company filed suit against SABA pursuant to the Hatch-Waxman Act, alleging infringement by SABA of one or more claims of the Xifaxan® patents, thereby triggering a 30-month stay of the approval of SABA’s ANDA for rifaximin tablets, 550 mg.
The Company remains confident in the strength of the Xifaxan® patents and intends to vigorously defend its intellectual property.
Trulance® Paragraph IV Proceedings
In April 2021, the Company commenced litigation against MSN Laboratories Private Ltd. (“MSN”) and Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc., (“Mylan”) alleging patent infringement by MSN’s and Mylan’s filing of their ANDA for generic Trulance® (plecanatide) 3 mg tablets. These suits had been filed following receipt of a Notice of Paragraph IV Certification from each of MSN and Mylan, in which they had each asserted that the U.S. patents listed in the FDA’s Orange Book for the Company’s Trulance® tablets, 3 mg, were invalid, unenforceable and/or would not be infringed by the commercial manufacture, use or sale of their respective generic plecanatide tablets, 3 mg.
The Company remains confident in the strength of the Trulance® patents and intends to vigorously pursue these matters and defend its intellectual property.
The Cabtreo® Paragraph IV Proceedings
The Company received a Notice of Paragraph IV Certification from Taro Pharmaceuticals Inc. (“Taro”), dated February 5, 2025, in which Taro asserted that U.S. Patents listed in the FDA’s Orange Book for the Company’s Cabtreo® (clindamycin phosphate, adapalene, benzoyl peroxide) gel, 1.2%/0.15%/3.1%, are invalid, unenforceable and/or will not be infringed by the manufacture, use, sale, offer for sale, and/or importation of Taro’s generic clindamycin phosphate/adapalene/benzoyl peroxide gel, 1.2%/0.15%/3.1%, for which Taro filed an ANDA. On March 20, 2025, the Company filed suit against Taro pursuant to the Hatch-Waxman Act, alleging infringement by Taro of one or more claims of the Cabtreo® patents, thereby triggering a 30-month stay of the approval of Taro’s ANDA for clindamycin phosphate/adapalene/benzoyl peroxide gel, 1.2%/0.15%/3.1%.
The Company remains confident in the strength of the Cabtreo® patents and intends to vigorously defend its intellectual property.
Xifaxan® Litigation with Curia IP Holdings, LLC
Curia IP Holdings, LLC (“Curia”) filed a lawsuit against the Company on October 25, 2021, alleging that Xifaxan® 200 mg and 550 mg tablets infringe certain patents owned by Curia (U.S. Patent Nos. 9,186,355, 10,556,915, 10,745,415 and 10,961,257 (the “Curia Patents”)). Each of the Curia Patents was filed years after the Company’s launches of Xifaxan® 200 mg and 550 mg tablets. On August 17, 2022, the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey dismissed the complaint, without prejudice. Curia then filed an amended complaint on September 16, 2022, realleging infringement of its patents. On August 31, 2023, Curia filed a second lawsuit against the Company alleging that Xifaxan® 200 mg and 550 mg tablets infringe U.S. Patent No. 11,739,099 (the “’099 Patent”). The ‘099 Patent is related to the Curia Patents and was also filed years after the Company’s launches of Xifaxan® 200 mg and 550 mg tablets. The first and second lawsuits filed by Curia are now consolidated (the “Curia Lawsuits”). On February 14, 2024, the court issued an order administratively terminating the case pending completion of mediation on or before April 14, 2024. Mediation was held on April 11, 2024, but no agreement was reached. On April 22, 2024, the court reopened the case. On May 1, 2024, the Court entered a stipulation and order of non-infringement for U.S. Patent Nos. 10,556,915, 10,745,415 and 10,961,257. On September 20, 2024, the Court entered a stipulation and order of non-infringement for the ‘099 Patent. The Company disputes Curia’s infringement claims against Xifaxan® 200 mg and 550 mg tablets and will continue to defend this matter.
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Zaxine® Notice of Allegation in Canada
The Company received a Notice of Allegation in Canada, dated January 14, 2025, from Sandoz Canada Inc. (“Sandoz Canada”) concerning Zaxine® (rifaximin) 550 mg tablets, under the Patented Medicines (Notice of Compliance) (“PM(NOC)”) Regulations. On March 5, 2025, the Company filed a Statement of Claim against Sandoz Canada asserting infringement of one or more claims of Canadian Patent No. 2,739,436.
PreserVision® AREDS Patent Litigation
PreserVision® AREDS and PreserVision® AREDS 2 are OTC eye vitamin formulas for those with moderate to advanced age-related macular degeneration. The PreserVision® U.S. formulation patent expired in March 2021, but a patent covering methods of using the formulation remains in force into 2026. Bausch & Lomb Incorporated (“B&L Inc.”) has filed patent infringement proceedings against 20 named defendants in 17 proceedings claiming infringement of these patents and, in certain circumstances, related unfair competition and false advertising causes of action. All of these proceedings are now closed, with fifteen settling and two resulting in default. The last ongoing matter, (Bausch & Lomb Inc. & PF Consumer Healthcare 1 LLC v. SBH Holdings LLC, C.A. No. 20-cv-01463-GBW-CJB (D. Del.)) was finally dismissed with prejudice on April 10, 2025.
Lumify® Paragraph IV Proceedings - DRL, Somerset & Gland
On August 16, 2021, B&L Inc. received a Notice of Paragraph IV Certification from Slayback Pharma LLC (“Slayback”), in which Slayback asserted that certain U.S. patents, each of which is listed in the FDA’s Orange Book for Lumify® (brimonidine tartrate solution) drops (the “Lumify Patents”), are either invalid, unenforceable and/or will not be infringed by the commercial manufacture, use or sale of Slayback’s generic drops, for which an ANDA has been filed by Slayback. B&L Inc., through its affiliate Bausch + Lomb Ireland Limited, exclusively licenses the Lumify Patents from Eye Therapies, LLC (“Eye Therapies”). On September 10, 2021, B&L Inc., Bausch + Lomb Ireland Limited and Eye Therapies filed suit against Slayback pursuant to the Hatch-Waxman Act, alleging infringement by Slayback of one or more claims of the Lumify Patents, thereby triggering a 30-month stay of the approval of the Slayback ANDA. Since then, U.S. Patent No. 9,259,425 has been dismissed from the case.
On May 15, 2023, the United States Patent & Trademark Office’s Patent Trial and Appeal Board (“PTAB”) issued a Final Written Decision, finding all claims of U.S. Patent No. 8,293,742 unpatentable. This decision has been appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit and the appeal is ongoing. Oral argument is expected before the Federal Circuit on May 7, 2025. Furthermore, two additional patents (U.S. Patent Nos. 11,596,600 and 11,833,245) have issued and been listed in the Orange Book as related to Lumify®. Lawsuits alleging infringement of these patents were filed against Slayback and its licensee, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories S.A. and Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories, Inc. (collectively, “DRL”). On December 15, 2023, B&L Inc., Bausch + Lomb Ireland Limited, and Eye Therapies filed a Motion for a Preliminary Injunction requesting the court to enjoin any infringing activities by DRL and a hearing was held in January 2024. On May 10, 2024, the Court denied Plaintiffs’ Motion, finding that Plaintiffs had not proven that they would be “irreparably harmed” absent a preliminary injunction.
Additionally, on December 18, 2023, B&L Inc., Bausch + Lomb Ireland Limited, and Eye Therapies amended its complaint to add claims for copyright infringement, as well as claims under the Lanham Act, including trademark and trade dress infringement. DRL subsequently petitioned for inter partes review (“IPR”) of the U.S. Patent Nos. 11,596,600 and 11,833,245; the PTAB instituted both petitions. The IPRs are ongoing and argument is expected before the PTAB on May 13, 2025.
The lawsuit against DRL in the District of New Jersey is currently stayed. Bausch + Lomb remains confident in the strength of the Lumify® related patents and intends to vigorously defend its intellectual property.
On March 28, 2025, B&L Inc. received a Notice of Paragraph IV Certification from Somerset Therapeutics, LLC (“Somerset”), in which Somerset asserted that U.S. Patent Nos. 8,293,742, 9,259,425, 11,596,600 and 11,833,245, are either invalid, unenforceable and/or will not be infringed by the commercial manufacture, use or sale of Somerset’s generic drops, for which an ANDA has been filed by Somerset. On April 28, 2025, B&L Inc., Bausch + Lomb Ireland Limited and Eye Therapies filed suit against Somerset and certain affiliates pursuant to the Hatch-Waxman Act, alleging infringement by Somerset of one or more claims of the Lumify Patents, thereby triggering a 30-month stay of the approval of the Somerset ANDA.
On April 25, 2025, B&L Inc. and Bausch + Lomb Ireland Limited received a Notice of Paragraph IV Certification from Gland Pharma Limited (“Gland”), in which Gland asserted that U.S. Patent Nos. 8,293,742, 9,259,425, 11,596,600 and 11,833,245, each of which is listed in the FDA’s Orange Book for Lumify® (brimonidine tartrate solution) drops, are either invalid, unenforceable and/or will not be infringed by the commercial manufacture, use or sale of Gland’s generic drops, for which an ANDA has been filed by Gland. On April 28, 2025, B&L Inc., Bausch + Lomb Ireland Limited and Eye Therapies
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filed suit against Gland pursuant to the Hatch-Waxman Act, alleging infringement by Gland of one or more claims of such Lumify patents, thereby triggering a 30-month stay of the approval of the Gland ANDA.
In addition to the intellectual property matters described above, in connection with Vyzulta® and Lotemax® SM products, Bausch + Lomb has commenced ongoing infringement proceedings against potential generic competitors in the U.S. In connection with Vyzulta®, one matter has been resolved and dismissed, and another matter is ongoing in the District of New Jersey and is in the fact-discovery stage. In connection with Lotemax® SM, one matter resulted in a four-day bench trial starting January 13, 2025, and the parties await a decision; another matter was recently filed in the District of New Jersey, and the answer (or other response) is due on May 15, 2025.
Inter Partes Review Proceedings at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
In addition, patents covering the Company’s branded pharmaceutical products may be challenged in proceedings other than court proceedings, including IPR at the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office. The proceedings operate under different standards from district court proceedings, and are often completed within 18 months of institution. IPR challenges have been brought against patents covering the Company’s branded pharmaceutical products.
Mylan and MSN have filed IPR petitions for certain U.S. patents listed in the FDA’s Orange Book for Trulance® (plecanatide). On March 21, 2022, Mylan filed a petition for IPR of U.S. Patent No. 7,041,786 (the “’786 Patent”), which was then instituted on September 14, 2022. On October 12, 2022, MSN also filed a petition for IPR of the ’786 Patent and the PTAB then issued a decision on December 14, 2022, instituting MSN’s IPR and joining it with Mylan’s IPR. On September 8, 2023, the PTAB issued a decision finding that Mylan and MSN had not shown that the ’786 Patent is unpatentable. On September 28, 2023, Mylan appealed the PTAB’s September 8th decision to the Federal Circuit. The Federal Circuit held oral arguments on April 7, 2025.
The Company remains confident in the strength of these patents and intends to vigorously defend its intellectual property.
Product Liability
Shower to Shower® Products Liability Litigation
Since 2016, the Company and its affiliates, including Bausch + Lomb, have been named in a number of product liability lawsuits involving the Shower to Shower® body powder product acquired in September 2012 from Johnson & Johnson; due to dismissals, twenty-five (25) of such product liability suits currently remain pending. In three (3) cases pending in the Atlantic County, New Jersey Multi-County Litigation, agreed stipulations of dismissal have been entered by the Court, thus dismissing the Company from those cases. One (1) case was also recently dismissed with prejudice in its entirety for failure of plaintiff to comply with court orders requiring plaintiff fact sheets. Potential liability (including its attorneys’ fees and costs) arising out of these remaining suits is subject to full indemnification obligations of Johnson & Johnson owed to the Company and its affiliates, including Bausch + Lomb, and legal fees and costs will be paid by Johnson & Johnson. Twenty-four (24) of these lawsuits filed by individual plaintiffs allege that the use of Shower to Shower® caused the plaintiffs to develop ovarian cancer, mesothelioma or breast cancer. The allegations in these cases include failure to warn, design defect, manufacturing defect, negligence, gross negligence, breach of express and implied warranties, civil conspiracy concert in action, negligent misrepresentation, wrongful death, loss of consortium and/or punitive damages. The damages sought include compensatory damages, including medical expenses, lost wages or earning capacity, loss of consortium and/or compensation for pain and suffering, mental anguish anxiety and discomfort, physical impairment and loss of enjoyment of life. Plaintiffs also seek pre- and post-judgment interest, exemplary and punitive damages, and attorneys’ fees. Additionally, two proposed class actions were filed in Canada against the Company and various Johnson & Johnson entities (one in the Supreme Court of British Columbia and one in the Superior Court of Quebec), on behalf of persons who have purchased or used Johnson & Johnson’s Baby Powder or Shower to Shower®. The class actions allege the use of the product increases certain health risks (British Columbia) or negligence in failing to properly test, failing to warn of health risks, and failing to remove the products from the market in a timely manner (Quebec). The plaintiffs in these actions are seeking awards of general, special, compensatory and punitive damages. On November 17, 2020, the British Columbia court issued a judgment declining to certify a class as to the Company or Shower to Shower®, and at this time no appeal of that judgment has been filed. On December 16, 2021, the plaintiff in the British Columbia class action filed a Second Amended Notice of Civil Claim and Application for Certification, removing the Company as a defendant; as a result, the British Columbia class action is concluded as to the Company.
In October 2021, Johnson & Johnson, through one or more subsidiaries, purported to complete a Texas divisional merger with respect to any talc liabilities at Johnson & Johnson Consumer, Inc. (“JJCI”). LTL Management, LLC (“LTL”), the resulting entity of the divisional merger, assumed JJCI’s talc liabilities and thereafter filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Western District of North Carolina, which in November 2021 was transferred to the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of New Jersey (the “New Jersey Bankruptcy Court”). The first bankruptcy case was dismissed on April 4, 2023, after a decision by the Third Circuit Court of Appeals, and LTL re-filed
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a new Chapter 11 case on the same day. Several motions to dismiss were again filed, and on August 11, 2023, the second Chapter 11 case was dismissed. LTL and certain supporting creditors and tort claimants appealed, and on July 25, 2024, the Third Circuit affirmed the dismissal order, and LTL’s second bankruptcy case was closed. During the pendency of LTL’s bankruptcy cases, the New Jersey Bankruptcy Court extended a preliminary injunction that had stayed substantially all cases subject to the indemnification agreement related to Johnson & Johnson’s talc liability, which injunction was terminated in connection with the bankruptcy case dismissal.
In December 2023, LTL changed its name to LLT Management LLC (“LLT”). In June and July 2024, LLT solicited votes for a new “pre-packaged” Chapter 11 plan, and after the reported successful solicitation of votes to commence the planned bankruptcy, LLT and certain affiliates underwent another corporate restructuring that resulted in two entities, Red River Talc LLC (“Red River”) and Pecos River Talc LLC (“Pecos River”), assuming the talc liabilities of LLT. On September 20, 2024, Red River filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Texas (the “Texas Bankruptcy Court”), seeking to resolve all ovarian cancer related talc claims. On October 21, 2024, the Texas Bankruptcy Court agreed to enter a temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction staying all ovarian cancer-related talc claims at least through December 2024, which it has since extended through March 15, 2025. On December 9, 2024, Red River filed a Second Amended Chapter 11 plan incorporating the settlement with the Talc Claimants’ Committee. A hearing on confirmation of the plan and any objections thereto began on February 18, 2025. Johnson & Johnson has reported that the entity Pecos River will be responsible for resolving all non-ovarian cancer-related talc claims outside of bankruptcy. After the conclusion of the confirmation hearing, on March 31, 2025, the Texas Bankruptcy Court issued a memorandum decision denying confirmation of the plan, ordering the dismissal of Red River’s bankruptcy case and vacating the preliminary injunction. The debtor’s time to appeal has expired. Certain claimants filed motions to reconsider the dismissal of the bankruptcy case. On April 17, 2025, the Texas Bankruptcy Court denied the motions to reconsider. The time to appeal that order will terminate 14 days from entry of the order denying the motion to reconsider.
Red River, Pecos River and Johnson & Johnson continue to have indemnification obligations running to the Company and its affiliates, including Bausch + Lomb, for Shower to Shower® related product liability litigation. It is our expectation that Johnson & Johnson, in accordance with the applicable indemnification agreement, will continue to vigorously defend the Company and Bausch + Lomb, in each of the remaining actions, and that the Company and Bausch + Lomb will not incur any material impairments with respect to indemnification claims as a result of the divisional merger or the bankruptcy.
General Civil Actions
U.S. Securities Litigation - New Jersey Declaratory Judgment Lawsuit
On March 24, 2022, the Company and Bausch + Lomb were named in a declaratory judgment action in the Superior Court of New Jersey, Somerset County, Chancery Division, brought by certain individual investors in the Company’s common shares and debt securities who are also maintaining individual securities fraud claims against the Company and certain current or former officers and directors as part of the U.S. Securities Litigation. This action seeks a declaratory judgment that alleged transfers of certain Company assets to Bausch + Lomb would constitute a voidable transfer under the New Jersey Voidable Transactions Act and that Bausch + Lomb would be liable for damages, if any, awarded against the Company in the individual opt-out actions. The declaratory judgment action also alleges that the potential future separation of Bausch + Lomb from the Company by distribution of Bausch + Lomb stock to the Company’s shareholders would leave the Company with inadequate financial resources to satisfy these plaintiffs’ alleged securities fraud damages in the underlying individual opt-out actions. None of the plaintiffs in this declaratory judgment action have obtained a judgment against the Company in the underlying individual opt-out actions and the Company disputes the claims against it in those underlying actions. The underlying individual opt-out actions assert claims under Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act, and certain actions assert claims under Section 18 of the Exchange Act. The allegations in those underlying individual opt out actions are made against the Company and several of its former officers and directors only and relate to, among other things, allegedly false and misleading statements made during the 2013-2016 time period by the Company and/or failures to disclose information about the Company’s business and prospects including relating to drug pricing and the use of specialty pharmacies. On March 31, 2022, the Company and Bausch + Lomb removed the declaratory judgment action to the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey. On April 29, 2022, Plaintiffs filed a motion to remand. On November 29, 2022, the District Court granted Plaintiffs’ remand motion and the case was remanded to the New Jersey Superior Court Chancery Division. On December 8, 2022, Plaintiffs filed a proposed Order to Show Cause and motion for a preliminary injunction, and sought interim relief including expedited discovery. On December 13, 2022, the Court denied Plaintiffs’ proposed Order to Show Cause and stayed discovery pending the resolution of the Company and Bausch + Lomb’s forthcoming motions to dismiss, while instructing the Company to provide certain notice to Plaintiffs of the intended completion of a potential future distribution referenced above under certain circumstances. On December 22, 2022, Plaintiffs filed an amended complaint which, among other things, added claims seeking injunctive relief. On January 11, 2023, the Company and Bausch + Lomb moved to dismiss the amended complaint. Briefing was complete on February 24, 2023, and the motion to dismiss was heard
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on March 3, 2023. On April 3, 2023, the Court issued a decision granting in part and denying in part the motion to dismiss. Discovery is ongoing.
Both the Company and Bausch + Lomb dispute the claims in this declaratory judgment action and intend to vigorously defend this matter.
New Mexico Attorney General Consumer Protection Action
The Company and Bausch Health US were named in an action brought by State of New Mexico ex rel. Hector H. Balderas, Attorney General of New Mexico, in the County of Santa Fe New Mexico First Judicial District Court (New Mexico ex rel. Balderas v. Johnson & Johnson, et al., Civil Action No. D-101-CV-2020-00013, filed on January 2, 2020), alleging consumer protection claims against Johnson & Johnson and Johnson & Johnson Consumer, Inc., the Company and Bausch Health US related to Shower to Shower® and its alleged causal link to mesothelioma and other cancers. In April 2020, Bausch Health US filed a motion to dismiss, which in September 2020, the Court granted in part as to the New Mexico Medicaid Fraud Act and New Mexico Fraud Against Taxpayers Act claims and denied as to all other claims. The State of New Mexico brings claims against all defendants under the New Mexico Unfair Practices Act and other common law and equitable causes of action, alleging defendants engaged in wrongful marketing, sale and promotion of talcum powder products. The lawsuit seeks to recover the cost of the talcum powder products as well as the cost of treating asbestos-related cancers allegedly caused by those products. Bausch Health US filed its answer on November 16, 2020. On December 30, 2020 Johnson & Johnson filed a Motion for Partial Judgment on the Pleadings and on January 4, 2021, Bausch Health US filed a joinder to that motion, which was denied on March 8, 2021. Trial was scheduled to begin on May 30, 2023, until the case was stayed by an interlocutory appeal to the New Mexico Supreme Court by Johnson & Johnson. That stay was lifted on October 21, 2024 when the New Mexico Supreme Court ruled in favor of Johnson & Johnson and reversed the trial court, remanding the case back for further proceedings.
On July 14, 2022, LTL filed an adversary proceeding in the Bankruptcy Court (Case No. 21-30589, Adv. Pro. No. 22-01231) against the State of New Mexico ex rel. Hector H. Balderas, Attorney General, and obtained an injunction from the Bankruptcy Court barring the New Mexico Attorney General from continuing to prosecute the action while the bankruptcy case was pending. Because the Bankruptcy Court has ultimately dismissed both LTL’s first and second bankruptcy cases, and a stay was not revived during the newest bankruptcy case of Red River Talc LLC (successor to LTL), filed on September 20, 2024, this suit has returned to its status quo prior to LTL’s filing.
The State has negotiated a settlement of the lawsuit with Johnson & Johnson, in which the Company and its affiliates, including Bausch + Lomb, are released parties. The entire action will be dismissed once the settlement has been completed following payment. Pending completion of the settlement, the Company and Bausch Health US dispute the claims against them, and this lawsuit will be defended vigorously.
Rifaximin Breach of Contract Litigation
On September 8, 2022, Lupin Ltd. (“Lupin”) filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York against Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and the Company, asserting breach of contract claims relating to a 2009 manufacturing and supply agreement between Lupin and Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. concerning rifaximin. On November 18, 2022, Lupin filed an Amended Complaint, which added Bausch Health US as a defendant. On March 28, 2023, the Company was dismissed without prejudice. On October 10, 2023, Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. asserted counterclaims against Lupin for breach of contract. No trial date has been set. Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Bausch Health US dispute Lupin’s claims. In March 2025, the parties reached a confidential settlement in principle, which remains subject to further documentation.
Doctors Allergy Formula Lawsuit
In April 2018, Doctors Allergy Formula, LLC (“Doctors Allergy”), filed a lawsuit against Bausch Health Americas in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York, asserting breach of contract and related claims under a 2015 Asset Purchase Agreement, which purports to include milestone payments that Doctors Allergy alleges should have been paid by Bausch Health Americas. Doctors Allergy claims its damages are not less than $23 million. Bausch Health Americas has asserted counterclaims against Doctors Allergy. Bausch Health Americas filed a motion seeking an order granting Bausch Health Americas’ motion for summary judgment on its counterclaims against Doctors Allergy and dismissing Doctors Allergy’s claims against Bausch Health Americas. The motion was fully briefed as of May 2021. The Court held a hearing on the motion on January 25, 2022. On May 12, 2023, the Court issued a Decision and Order denying the motion. On June 14, 2023, Bausch Health Americas filed a Notice of Appeal as to the Decision and Order. On March 13, 2024, Bausch Health Americas filed its appellate brief with the Appellate Division of the New York Supreme Court, First Department, appealing the trial court’s denial of Bausch Health Americas’ motion for summary judgment. Doctors Allergy filed its answering brief on July 26, 2024, and Bausch Health Americas filed its reply brief on September 13, 2024. The Appellate Division heard oral argument on November 7, 2024. On December 5, 2024, the Appellate Division denied Bausch Health Americas’ appeal as to Doctors Allergy’s second cause of action (breach of contract) and Bausch Health Americas’ counterclaims, but it granted the
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appeal as to Doctors Allergy’s third cause of action (breach of the implied duty of good faith and fair dealing) and dismissed that claim. On December 13, 2024, the Appellate Division remitted this action back to the trial court. Trial has been set, with jury selection beginning on April 20, 2026, and trial scheduled for April 24 to May 8, 2026. Bausch Health Americas disputes the claims against it and this lawsuit will be defended vigorously.
Apriso® Qui Tam Litigation
In 2018, a qui tam complaint, captioned United States ex rel. Silbersher v. Valeant Pharmaceuticals Int’l, Inc., et al. (No. 4:18-cv-01496), was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California against the Company, certain of its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”), and a third party, claiming that their alleged misrepresentations before the U.S. Patent Office ultimately resulted in false claims for payment being made to federal and state healthcare payors for Apriso®. The complaint asserts claims seeking, inter alia, damages, civil penalties and attorneys’ fees under the federal False Claims Act and the false claims acts of several states.
In May 2020, the District Court granted defendants’ motion to dismiss, holding that Plaintiff-relator’s qui tam action was precluded by the False Claims Act’s public disclosure bar. Plaintiff-relator appealed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. In August 2023, the Court of Appeals reversed the District Court’s order and remanded to the District Court for further proceedings. In September 2023, the Company filed a petition for rehearing or rehearing en banc with the Court of Appeals. On January 5, 2024, the Court of Appeals panel denied the petition and issued an amended opinion, still reversing the District Court’s order and remanding the case to the District Court for further proceedings. On April 4, 2024, the Company filed a petition for a writ of certiorari to the Supreme Court, which was denied on October 7, 2024. Mandate issued and the case returned to the District Court. On November 27, 2024, Plaintiff-relator filed an amended complaint. The Company filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint on February 5, 2025. The motion to dismiss remains pending. The Company disputes the claims against it and intends to defend itself vigorously.
18. SEGMENT INFORMATION
Reportable Segments
The following is a brief description of the Company’s reportable segments:
•The Salix segment consists of sales in the U.S. of GI products. Sales of the Xifaxan® product line currently represent approximately 85% of the Salix segment revenues.
•The International segment consists of sales, with the exception of sales of Bausch + Lomb products and Solta Medical aesthetic medical devices, outside the U.S. and Puerto Rico of branded pharmaceutical products, branded generic pharmaceutical products and OTC products.
•The Solta Medical segment consists of global sales of Solta Medical aesthetic medical devices.
•The Diversified segment consists of sales in the U.S. of: (i) pharmaceutical products in the areas of neurology and certain other therapeutic classes, (ii) dermatology products, (iii) generic pharmaceutical products and (iv) dentistry products.
•The Bausch + Lomb segment consists of global sales of Bausch + Lomb Vision Care, Surgical and Pharmaceuticals products.
Resources are allocated and performance is assessed by the Company’s CEO, whom the Company has determined to be the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (the “CODM”). The Company’s CODM evaluates the performance of its segments and allocates resources to them based on segment profit. Segment profit is based on operating income after the elimination of intercompany transactions. Certain costs, such as Amortization of intangible assets, Asset impairments, Restructuring, integration, separation costs, and Other expense, net, are not included in the measure of segment profit, as management excludes these items in assessing segment financial performance.
The CODM uses segment profit in the annual budgeting and forecasting process. The CODM considers budget-to-actual variances on a monthly basis for segment profit when making decisions about allocating capital and personnel to the segments. The CODM uses segment profit in determining the compensation of certain employees. In assessing segment performance and managing operations, the CODM does not review segment assets.
Corporate includes the finance, treasury, certain research and development programs, tax and legal operations of the Company’s businesses and certain expenses, gains and losses related to the overall management of the Company, which are not allocated to the other business segments. Furthermore, a portion of share-based compensation is considered a corporate cost since the amount of such expense depends on company-wide performance rather than the operating performance of any single segment.
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Segment Revenues and Profits
Segment revenues, profits and reconciliation of segment profit to consolidated Loss before income taxes were as follows:

| For the three months ended March 31,
| Salix |  | International |  | Solta Medical |  | Diversified |  | Bausch + Lomb |  | Total
(in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total revenues | $ | 542 |  | $ | 499 |  | $ | 262 |  | $ | 265 |  | $ | 113 |  | $ | 88 |  | $ | 205 |  | $ | 202 |  | $ | 1,137 |  | $ | 1,099 |  | $ | 2,259 |  | $ | 2,153
Less: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of goods sold (excluding amortization and impairments of intangible assets) | 43 |  | 41 |  | 102 |  | 109 |  | 27 |  | 19 |  | 30 |  | 36 |  | 481 |  | 423 |  |  |  |
Costs of other revenues | — |  | — |  | 17 |  | 11 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1 |  | 1 |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative | 111 |  | 102 |  | 52 |  | 53 |  | 28 |  | 25 |  | 45 |  | 48 |  | 447 |  | 405 |  |  |  |
Research and development | 17 |  | 27 |  | 6 |  | 5 |  | 5 |  | 4 |  | 3 |  | 4 |  | 28 |  | 28 |  |  |  |
Segment profit | $ | 371 |  | $ | 329 |  | $ | 85 |  | $ | 87 |  | $ | 53 |  | $ | 40 |  | $ | 127 |  | $ | 114 |  | $ | 180 |  | $ | 242 |  | $ | 816 |  | $ | 812
Corporate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (268) |  |  | (244) |
Amortization of intangible assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (256) |  |  | (274) |
Asset impairments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (1) |
Restructuring, integration and separation costs |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (1) |  |  | (12) |
Other expense, net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (15) |  |  | — |
Operating income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 276 |  |  | 281 |
Interest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 11 |  |  | 9 |
Interest expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (330) |  |  | (355) |
Gain on extinguishment of debt |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |
Foreign exchange and other |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (4) |  |  | (15) |
Loss before income taxes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (47) |  |  | $ | (69) |

During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, ten products represented 50% and 48% of total revenues, respectively.
19.SUBSEQUENT EVENT
Shareholder Rights Plan
On April 14, 2025, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted a shareholder rights plan (the “SRP”). The SRP is intended to ensure, to the extent possible, that all shareholders of the Company are treated fairly in connection with an offer to acquire common shares of the Company which, if acquired and beneficially owned (as defined in the SRP) by an Acquiring Person (as defined in the SRP), would result in such person owning 20% or more of the outstanding common shares of the Company. Pursuant to the SRP, one right (each, a “Right”) will attach to each common share outstanding on April 14, 2025, and to each common share issued after such time and prior to the earlier of the Separation Time (as defined in the SRP) and Expiration (as defined in the SRP). Each Right entitles its holder, from and after the Separation Time, to purchase common shares of the Company, pursuant to the conditions set forth in the SRP, at a discount to the then market price of the Company’s common shares. The SRP is subject to ratification by the shareholders of the Company. If the SRP is not ratified by the shareholders within six months of its adoption, the SRP, together with the outstanding Rights, will terminate and cease to be effective.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
INTRODUCTION
Unless the context otherwise indicates, as used in this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “the Company,” “Bausch Health,” and similar terms refer to Bausch Health Companies Inc. and its subsidiaries, taken together. This “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” should be read in conjunction with the unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes (the “Financial Statements”) included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025 (this “Form 10-Q”). The matters discussed in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” contain certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of The Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and that may be forward-looking information within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities laws (collectively “Forward-Looking Statements”). See “Forward-Looking Statements” at the end of this Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Our accompanying unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as of March 31, 2025 and for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for interim financial statements, and should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2024, which were included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 19, 2025. In our opinion, the unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal and recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for the periods indicated. Additional company information is available on SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca and on the SEC website at www.sec.gov. All currency amounts are expressed in U.S. dollars, unless otherwise noted. Certain defined terms used herein have the meaning ascribed to them in the Financial Statements.
OVERVIEW
We are a global, diversified specialty pharmaceutical and medical device company that develops, manufactures and markets, primarily in the therapeutic areas of gastroenterology (“GI”), hepatology, neurology and dermatology, a broad range of branded, generic and branded generic pharmaceuticals, over-the-counter (“OTC”) products and aesthetic medical devices, and, through our approximately 88% ownership of Bausch + Lomb Corporation (“Bausch + Lomb” or “B+L”), branded, and branded generic pharmaceuticals, OTC products and medical devices (contact lenses, intraocular lenses, ophthalmic surgical equipment) in the therapeutic areas of eye health. Our products are marketed directly or indirectly in approximately 90 countries.
Our portfolio of products falls into five reportable segments: (i) Salix, (ii) International, (iii) Solta Medical, (iv) Diversified and (v) Bausch + Lomb. The following is a brief description of the Company’s segments:
•The Salix segment consists of sales in the U.S. of GI products. Sales of the Xifaxan® product line currently represent approximately 85% of the Salix segment revenues.
•The International segment consists of sales, with the exception of sales of Bausch + Lomb products and Solta Medical aesthetic medical devices, outside the U.S. and Puerto Rico of branded pharmaceutical products, branded generic pharmaceutical products and OTC products.
•The Solta Medical segment consists of global sales of Solta Medical aesthetic medical devices.
•The Diversified segment consists of sales in the U.S. of: (i) pharmaceutical products in the areas of neurology and certain other therapeutic classes, (ii) dermatology products, (iii) generic pharmaceutical products and (iv) dentistry products.
•The Bausch + Lomb segment consists of global sales of Bausch + Lomb Vision Care, Surgical and Pharmaceuticals products.
For additional discussion of our reportable segments, see Note 18, “SEGMENT INFORMATION” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Separation of the Bausch + Lomb Eye Health Business
On August 6, 2020, we announced our plan to separate our eye health business consisting of our Bausch + Lomb global Vision Care, Surgical and Pharmaceuticals businesses into an independent publicly traded entity, Bausch + Lomb, from the remainder of Bausch Health Companies Inc. (the “B+L Separation”). As part of this plan, in May 2022, a wholly owned
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subsidiary of Bausch Health sold common shares of B+L pursuant to an initial public offering of Bausch + Lomb (the “B+L IPO”). Following the B+L IPO, Bausch Health indirectly holds 310,449,643 common shares of Bausch + Lomb, which represents approximately 88% of B+L’s outstanding common shares as of April 23, 2025.
We continue to believe that the B+L Separation, which may include the transfer of all or a portion of our remaining direct or indirect equity interest in Bausch + Lomb to our shareholders, the monetization of all or a portion of our ownership interest in Bausch + Lomb, or a combination thereof, makes strategic sense. The completion of the B+L Separation is subject to the achievement of targeted debt leverage ratios and the receipt of any applicable shareholder and other necessary approvals. We continue to evaluate all relevant factors and considerations related to the B+L Separation, including the Xifaxan® Generics Litigation (see “Xifaxan® Paragraph IV Proceedings” of Note 17, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements).
The B+L Separation, if consummated, will result in two separate, independent companies:
•Bausch Health excluding Bausch + Lomb - a diversified pharmaceutical company with leading positions in gastroenterology, hepatology, dermatology, neurology and international pharmaceuticals, and aesthetic medical devices. The remaining pharmaceutical entity will comprise a diversified portfolio of our brands across the Salix, International, dentistry, neurology, medical dermatology and generics, and aesthetic medical devices businesses; and
•Bausch + Lomb - a fully integrated eye health company built on the iconic Bausch + Lomb brand and its long history of innovation.
As independent entities, management believes that each company will be better positioned to individually focus on its core businesses to drive additional growth, more effectively allocate capital and better manage its respective capital needs. Although management believes the B+L Separation will unlock value, there can be no assurance that it will be successful in doing so.
See Item 1A. “Risk Factors — Risk Relating to the B+L Separation” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC and the Canadian Securities Administrators (the “CSA”) on February 19, 2025, for additional risks relating to the B+L Separation.
For additional details on the B+L Separation, see “Separation of the Bausch + Lomb Eye Health Business” in Note 2, “SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Focus on Value and Core Businesses
We continue to execute on actions intended to bring out value in our Company, which includes focus on our capital structure. In line with this focus on our core businesses, we have: (i) made measurable progress in effectively managing our capital structure, including taking actions to reduce the principal balances or extend maturities of our long-term debt, (ii) directed capital allocation to drive growth within our core businesses, (iii) increased our efforts to improve patient access and (iv) continued to invest in sustainable growth drivers to position us for long-term growth.
We believe that these measures, along with our continued commitment to improving people’s lives through our health products, help position us to unlock potential value across our portfolio of assets, including by separating our eye health and pharmaceutical businesses. Although management believes the B+L Separation will unlock additional value, there can be no assurance that it will be successful in doing so.
Effectively Managing Our Capital Structure
At the time of our announcement of the B+L Separation, we emphasized that it is important that the post-separation entities be appropriately capitalized, with appropriate leverage and with access to additional capital, if and when needed, to provide each entity with the ability to independently allocate capital to areas that will strengthen their own competitive positions in their respective lines of business and position each entity for sustainable growth. Therefore, we see the appropriate capitalization and leverage of these businesses post-separation as a key to maximizing value across our portfolio of assets and, as such, it is a primary objective of our plan of separation.
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April 2025 Refinancing Transactions
On April 8, 2025, we closed a series of transactions (the “April 2025 Refinancing Transactions”) whereby a subsidiary of the Company, 1261229 B.C. Ltd. (the “Issuer”): (i) entered into an agreement which provides for new senior secured credit facilities (the “2025 Credit Agreement”) consisting of a five-year senior secured revolving credit facility in an amount of $500 million due April 8, 2030 (the “2030 Revolving Credit Facility”) and a $3,000 million 5.5-year senior secured term loan B facility due October 8, 2030 (the “2030 Term Loan B Facility” and together with the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility, the “2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities”) and (ii) issued $4,400 million aggregate principal amount of 10.00% senior secured notes due April 15, 2032 (the “2032 Senior Secured Notes”). The Issuer is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, incorporated under the laws of British Columbia, Canada, which owns 185,468,421 common shares of Bausch + Lomb, and as of April 8, 2025, is a non-guarantor restricted subsidiary under the indentures that govern the Company’s Existing Senior Notes.
The proceeds from the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions were used: (i) to repay in full and terminate the Company’s term loan facility (the “February 2027 Term Loan B Facility”), (ii) to redeem certain senior secured notes, certain unsecured notes and the 9.00% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 (the “9.00% Intermediate Holdco Senior Secured Notes”), (iii) to pay related fees, premiums and expenses and (iv) for general corporate purposes.
In connection with the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions, on April 8, 2025 the Issuer terminated its commitment with a third-party lender to provide a senior secured bridge loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $700 million.
The April 2025 Refinancing Transactions reduced our short term cash requirements for debt service by extending approximately $6,870 million in aggregate debt maturities from the years 2025 through 2028 to the years 2030 through 2032. After giving effect to the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions, our aggregate debt maturities and mandatory amortization debt payments are $45 million and $672 million for the remainder of 2025 and the full year 2026, respectively, which we anticipate satisfying with cash on hand and cash flows from operations. This provides us more flexibility to operate and allows us to more effectively allocate capital to initiatives that will strengthen our products and brands.
As a result of the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions, the maturities of the Company’s principal balances of debt obligations as of April 8, 2025 were as follows:

(in millions) |  | Remainder of 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2027 |  | 2028 |  | 2029 |  | 2030 |  | 2031 and 2032 |  | Total |
Total debt obligations |  | $ | 45 |  |  | $ | 672 |  |  | $ | 3,675 |  |  | $ | 6,199 |  |  | $ | 1,640 |  |  | $ | 3,995 |  |  | $ | 4,863 |  |  | $ | 21,089 |  |

2024 Repurchases and Retirement of Senior Unsecured Notes
During January 2024 and May 2024, through a series of transactions we repurchased and retired outstanding senior unsecured notes with an aggregate par value of $555 million for approximately $530 million using cash on hand.
Continue to Manage our Capital Structure
We continue to monitor our capital structure and to evaluate other opportunities to simplify our business and improve our capital structure, giving us the ability to better focus on our core businesses. The Company regularly evaluates market conditions, its liquidity profile and various financing alternatives for opportunities to enhance its capital structure. If the Company determines that conditions are favorable, the Company may refinance or repurchase existing debt or issue additional debt, equity or equity-linked securities.
See Note 10, “FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and “— Liquidity and Capital Resources — Liquidity and Debt — Long-term Debt” below for additional discussion of these matters. Cash requirements for future debt repayments including interest can be found in “— Liquidity and Capital Resources — Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations.”
Direct Capital Allocation to Drive Growth Within Our Core Businesses
Our capital allocation is also driven by our long-term growth strategies. We allocate resources to promote our core businesses globally through: (i) strategic acquisitions, (ii) research and development (“R&D”) investment, (iii) strategic licensing agreements and (iv) strategic investments in our infrastructure. We believe that the outcome of this process allows us to better drive value in our product portfolio and generate operational efficiencies.
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R&D Investment
We search for new product opportunities through internal development and strategic licensing agreements, that, if successful, will allow us to leverage our commercial footprint, particularly our sales force, and supplement our existing product portfolio and address specific unmet needs in the market.
Our internal R&D organization focuses on the development of products through clinical trials. As of December 31, 2024, approximately 1,500 dedicated R&D and quality assurance employees in 24 R&D facilities were involved in our R&D efforts internally.
As of March 31, 2025, we had approximately 75 projects in our global pipeline. Certain core internal R&D projects that have received a significant portion of our R&D investment in current and prior periods are listed below.
Gastrointestinal
•Rifaximin - Two global Phase 3 studies for the use of a soluble solid dispersion (“SSD”) formulation of rifaximin for the delay of first occurrence of overt hepatic encephalopathy (“OHE”) in patients with early decompensation in liver cirrhosis are ongoing. We successfully initiated and are currently conducting two global Phase 3 trials with top line results for each expected by early 2026.
•Amiselimod (S1P modulator) - A Phase 2 study to evaluate Amiselimod (S1P modulator) for the treatment of mild to moderate ulcerative colitis was completed in 2024. In 2024, we met with the Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) for an end of Phase 2 meeting. We also met with the EU’s European Medicines Agency and Japan’s Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency. All regulatory feedback is currently under review.
Solta Medical
•Clear + Brilliant® Touch - Next generation Clear + Brilliant® laser is designed to deliver a customized and more comprehensive treatment protocol by providing patients of all ages and skin types the benefits of two wavelengths. Approval has been received in the United States, Australia, New Zealand, Philippines, Thailand, Taiwan, Malaysia and Singapore.
•Fraxel® - Next Generation Fraxel® is a fractionated laser device for skin resurfacing. We received FDA clearance in August 2024 and launched in the U.S. in April 2025 at the American Society for Laser Medicine & Surgery.
Dermatology
•CABTREO® Topical Gel - The first and only FDA-approved fixed-dose, triple-combination topical treatment for acne. CABTREO® Topical Gel was launched in the U.S. in the first quarter of 2024, in Canada in October 2024 and completed submission for approval to European Medicines Agency of the European Union.
Bausch + Lomb
•SiHy Daily - A silicone hydrogel daily disposable contact lens designed to provide outstanding comfort and clear vision throughout the day. To date, SiHy Daily has been launched in over 50 countries, under the brand names INFUSE®, BAUSCH + LOMB ULTRA® ONE DAY and AQUALOX® ONE DAY and Bausch + Lomb is continuing with their global rollout. In addition, Bausch + Lomb launched its first silicone hydrogel daily disposable multifocal contact lens in May 2023 and launched a toric lens in the U.S in June 2024.
•Lumify® (brimonidine tartrate ophthalmic solution, 0.025%) - An OTC eye drop developed as an ocular redness reliever. To date, Bausch + Lomb has launched and acquired the right to launch Lumify® in various countries. A new line extension formulation, Lumify® Preservative Free, for which the New Drug Application was approved by the FDA in April 2024, began launching in the first quarter of 2025.
•Blink TM NutriTears® - During June 2024, Bausch + Lomb expanded its OTC dry eye portfolio with the launch of Blink TM NutriTears®, a clinically proven OTC supplement that targets the key root causes of dry eyes, promotes healthy tear production and provides noticeable relief of eye dryness symptoms.
•MIEBO® (perfluorohexyloctane ophthalmic solution) (formerly known as NOV03) – In December 2019, Bausch + Lomb acquired an exclusive license from Novaliq GmbH for the commercialization and development in the U.S. and Canada of MIEBO® for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of dry eye disease (“DED”). MIEBO® launched in the U.S. in September 2023 and was approved in Canada in September 2024. MIEBO® is the first and only FDA-approved treatment for DED that directly targets tear evaporation and the addition of MIEBO® will help build upon the strong portfolio of integrated eye health products.
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•Bausch + Lomb is expanding its portfolio of premium intraocular lenses (“IOL”) built on the enVista® platform with: enVista Aspire® monofocal and toric IOLs with Intermediate Optimized optics launched in the U.S. in October 2023, in Europe in January 2025 and the Canada launch is in process, enVista Envy TM launched in Canada in June 2024 and the U.S. and Europe launches are in-process. enVista Beyond TM (extended depth of focus) is anticipated to launch in the U.S. in 2026.
Strategic Licensing Agreements
To supplement our internal R&D initiatives and to build-out and refresh our product portfolio, we also search for opportunities to augment our pipeline through arrangements that allow us to gain access to unique products and investigational treatments, by strategically aligning ourselves with other innovative product solutions.
In the normal course of business, the Company may enter into select licensing and collaborative agreements for the commercialization and/or development of unique products primarily in the U.S. and Canada. These products are sometimes investigational treatments in early stage development that target unique conditions. The ultimate outcome, including whether the product will be: (i) fully developed, (ii) approved by the FDA or other regulators, (iii) covered by third-party payors or (iv) profitable for distribution, is highly uncertain. Under certain agreements, the Company may be required to make payments contingent upon the achievement of specific developmental, regulatory, or commercial milestones.
Strategic Acquisitions
We remain very selective when considering any acquisition and pursue only those opportunities that we believe align well with our current organization and strategic plan. In being selective, we seek to enter into only those acquisitions that provide us with significant synergies with our existing business, thereby minimizing risks to our core businesses and providing long-term growth opportunities.
In January 2025, Bausch + Lomb acquired Whitecap Biosciences LLC (“Whitecap Biosciences”). Whitecap Biosciences is currently developing two innovative therapies for potential use in glaucoma and geographic atrophy. This acquisition is expected to expand Bausch + Lomb’s clinical-stage pipeline.
In December 2024, Bausch + Lomb acquired Elios Vision, Inc., the developer of the ELIOS® procedure, the first clinically validated, minimally invasive glaucoma surgery procedure using an excimer laser. This acquisition is expected to bolster Bausch + Lomb’s glaucoma treatment portfolio.
In July 2024, Bausch + Lomb acquired TearLab Corporation, d/b/a Trukera Medical (“Trukera Medical”), a U.S.-based privately held ophthalmic medical diagnostic company. Trukera Medical commercializes ScoutPro®, a point-of-care portable device for precisely measuring osmolarity, the salt content of a person’s tears. This acquisition is expected to expand Bausch + Lomb’s presence in the DED market.
See Note 4, “LICENSING AGREEMENTS AND ACQUISITIONS” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Divest Assets to Simplify Our Business
In order to better focus on our core businesses, we continue to evaluate opportunities to simplify our operations and improve our capital structure, including divesting non-core assets in order to narrow the Company’s activities to our core businesses where we believe we have an existing and sustainable competitive edge and the ability to generate operational efficiencies. We will also consider dispositions or divestitures in core areas that we believe represent attractive opportunities for the Company.
Improve Patient Access
Improving patient access to our products, as well as making them more affordable, is a key element of our business strategy.
Patient Access and Pricing Team - We formed the Patient Access and Pricing Team which is committed to maintaining patients’ ability to access our branded prescription pharmaceutical products. All future pricing actions will be subject to review by the Patient Access and Pricing Team. Future pricing changes and programs could affect the average realized pricing for our products and may have a significant impact on our revenues and profits.
Bausch Health Patient Assistance Program - We are committed to supporting patients through our Patient Assistance Program which offers free medication for patients who meet income and other eligibility criteria. If approved, patients receive their Bausch Health prescription product(s) at no cost to them. Eligible patients must reapply yearly to remain in the program and must meet all current requirements.
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Cash-pay Prescription Program - The cash-pay or Point of Sale program was adopted to address the affordability and availability of certain branded dermatology products when insurers and pharmacy benefit managers are no longer offering those branded prescription pharmaceutical products under their designated pharmacy benefit offerings. This program is currently limited to a select group of our brands and offered through different fulfillment platforms which allows for patients to choose telemedicine, direct delivery to their home or to use a pharmacy of their choice. This program is designed to connect patients with dermatologists and provide patients both a predictable customer experience and a predictable cost for their dermatology health care needs.
Walgreens Fulfillment Arrangements - Under our brand fulfillment arrangement with Walgreen Co. (“Walgreens”), we make certain dermatology products available to eligible patients through patient access and co-pay assistance programs at Walgreens U.S. retail pharmacy locations, as well as participating independent retail pharmacies.
Invest in Sustainable Growth Drivers to Position us for Long-Term Growth
We are constantly challenged by the changing dynamics of our industry to innovate and bring new products to market. We have divested certain businesses where we saw limited growth opportunities, so that we can be more aggressive in redirecting our R&D spend and other corporate investments to innovate within our core businesses where we believe we can be most profitable and where we aim to be an industry leader.
We believe that we have a well-established product portfolio that is diversified within our core businesses and provides a sustainable revenue stream to fund our operations. However, our future success is also dependent upon our ability to continually refresh our pipeline, to provide a rotation of product launches that meet new and changing demands and replace other products that have lost momentum. We believe we have a robust pipeline that not only provides for the next generation of our existing products but is also poised to bring new products to market.
Salix - We believe in our GI product portfolio and we have implemented initiatives, including increasing our marketing investment in Xifaxan®, to further capitalize on the value of the infrastructure we have built around these products to extend our market share. We have continued our investment in Xifaxan® direct-to-consumer (“DTC”) advertising and new sales force capabilities. Additionally, our rifaximin SSD formulation is under development for the delay of first occurrence of OHE and other complications in patients with early decompensation in liver cirrhosis. The drug candidate is administered orally, and is a next-generation rifaximin formulation that acts by targeting the beta-subunit of bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. We have invested in developing our Amiselimod (S1P modulator) for the treatment of moderate to severe ulcerative colitis. We have met with the FDA for an end of Phase 2 meeting, as well as with the EU’s European Medicines Agency and Japan’s Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency for Amiselimod (S1P modulator) for the treatment of moderate to severe ulcerative colitis. All regulatory feedback is currently under review.
International - Our International product portfolio includes certain recently launched products such as Ryaltris® for moderate to severe seasonal allergic rhinitis and CABTREO® Topical Gel, a triple-combination topical treatment for acne that launched in Canada in October 2024. We continue to invest in the training and expansion of our sales and marketing teams.
Solta Medical - More than 75% of our Solta Medical business revenue has historically come from consumables, which we believe results in a durable business model. We continue to invest in expanding our presence in key markets, including broadening the reach of our DTC campaigns in the U.S., the expansion of Thermage® FLX which was approved by China’s National Medical Products Administration as a medical device in January 2024 and which was granted medical device license clearance by Health Canada in April 2025, and the strengthening of our sales force in the U.S. and Europe. We received FDA approval of Next Generation Fraxel® in 2024 and launched in the U.S. in April 2025 at the American Society for Laser Medicine & Surgery.
Diversified - We continue to seek ways to bring out value in our promoted and nonpromoted products within our Diversified portfolio. We increased our investments in marketing and advertising to expand our consumer awareness campaign for Jublia®. Adding to our established acne product portfolio, we launched CABTREO® Topical Gel in the U.S. in the first quarter of 2024.
Business Trends
In addition to the actions previously outlined, the events described below have affected and may affect our business trends. The matters discussed in this section contain forward-looking statements. Please see “Forward-Looking Statements” at the end of Item 2. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for additional information.
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Voluntary Recall of enVista Intraocular Lenses
In March 2025, Bausch + Lomb announced a voluntary recall of certain enVista IOL products. The recall was in response to an increased number of reports of toxic anterior segment syndrome, and included all lots of the enVista Aspire, enVista Aspire Toric, enVista Envy and enVista Envy Toric, as well as enVista monofocal and enVista monofocal Toric IOL models in the U.S. On April 24, 2025, Bausch + Lomb announced that it, with the assistance of experts and advisors, had completed its investigation into the matter and determined that the issue stemmed from raw material used in certain lots that was delivered by a different vendor.
In response to the investigation, Bausch + Lomb has implemented enhanced inspection protocols for IOLs, as well as more explicit standards for how the monomers that make up its lenses are prepared by vendors. With these new processes in place, Bausch + Lomb has returned to full production of all enVista IOLs. In the following weeks Bausch + Lomb is expected to return to full market supply in the U.S. The timing for market reentry in other countries will be determined on a case-by-case basis in collaboration with health authorities.
Macroeconomic Matters
The Company is monitoring ongoing policy changes being made by the Trump administration and the responses to these policy changes by foreign governments, including those related to existing trade agreements, the imposition of new tariffs and non-tariff barriers, and amendments to existing tariffs, and the counter-duties, counter-tariffs and/or other counter-measures implemented in response by other countries. Some of these policies have targeted countries in which we do business and sectors in which we do business, including pharmaceuticals. Given the international scope of our operations, any sanctions, export controls, tariffs, trade wars and other governmental actions, could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations. Similarly, adverse economic conditions impacting our customers in these countries or uncertainty about global economic conditions could cause purchases of our products to decline, which would adversely affect our revenues and operating results.
See Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC and the CSA on February 19, 2025, for additional information on the risks associated with tariffs.
Russia-Ukraine War
In February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine. As military activity and sanctions against Russia and specific areas of Ukraine have continued, the war has continued to affect economic and global financial markets and placed further pressure on ongoing economic challenges, including issues such as inflation and global supply-chain disruption.
The U.S., Canada, the EU and other jurisdictions have imposed sanctions and export controls against Russia in response to the ongoing war. These impacts may include but are not limited to: (i) interruptions or stoppage of production, (ii) damage or loss of inventories, (iii) supply-chain and product distribution disruptions in Eastern Europe, (iv) volatility in commodity prices and currencies, (v) disruption in banking systems and capital markets, (vi) reductions in sales and earnings of business in affected areas, (vii) increased costs and (viii) cyberattacks.
To date, the challenges associated with the Russia-Ukraine war and ongoing sanctions have not had a material impact on our operations; although, as noted above, we continue to review EU sanctions and are still assessing their impact on our operations.
Our revenues attributable to Russia, Ukraine and Belarus for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were approximately 2% of our total revenues in each period. In addition, we do not have any research or manufacturing facilities in Russia, Ukraine or Belarus. While we have been monitoring this conflict, and will continue to do so as this conflict continues to evolve, we are unable to predict the impact of this conflict on our business.
Middle East Regional Conflict
The conflict between Israel and Hamas began during October 2023 and has since expanded to include other countries and militant groups in the region. Our revenues attributable to the impacted regions for each of the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were inconsequential. While we have been monitoring this conflict, and will continue to do so as this conflict continues to evolve, we are unable to predict the impact of this conflict on our business.
For a further discussion of these and other risks relating to our international business, see Item 1A. “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the International Scope of our Business” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC and the CSA on February 19, 2025.
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Global Minimum Corporate Tax
On October 8, 2021, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (“OECD”) published a statement that outlined the key components of a two-pillar plan to address the tax challenges arising from the digitalisation of the economy. The statement was agreed by the OECD/G20 inclusive framework on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (the “Inclusive Framework”) which now includes 145 member jurisdictions. The timetable for implementation of the two-pillar plan was initially proposed for 2023, then extended to 2024 and, with respect to certain components of the plan, 2025. Under the pillar one proposals, a portion of the residual profits of multinational enterprise (“MNE”) groups with global turnover above €20 billion and a profit margin above 10% will be allocated to market jurisdictions where such allocated profits would be taxed. Under pillar two proposals, a global minimum corporate tax rate of 15% will apply to undertaxed profits of MNE groups with consolidated revenue of at least €750 million. On June 17, 2024 and January 15, 2025, the OECD published further administrative guidance to clarify the operation of the model rules. Many jurisdictions in which the Company operates have adopted the global minimum tax provision of the OECD pillar two effective for tax years beginning in January 2024. On January 20, 2025, U.S. President Trump signed an executive order stating that the Global Tax Deal, including the OECD two-pillar plan, has no force and effect in the US. It further provides for the U.S. Treasury Secretary to develop options for responding to foreign countries’ tax rules that are extraterritorial in nature or that could disproportionately impact US companies, with findings and recommendations to be delivered to the President.
We have included the estimated impact of the Inclusive Framework, as currently adopted, in our tax provision beginning in 2024. While the estimated impact is not material, it is possible that the further implementation of the Inclusive Framework could have a material effect on our liability for corporate taxes or our consolidated tax rate in the future.
Health Care Reform
The U.S. federal and state governments continue to propose and pass legislation designed to regulate the health care industry. Many of these changes focused on health care cost containment, which resulted in pricing pressures relating to the sales and reimbursements of health care products.
In August 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act (“IRA”) was signed into law, which among other matters made significant changes to how drugs are covered and paid for under the Medicare program, including imposing financial penalties if drug prices are increased at a rate faster than inflation, redesigning Medicare Part D benefits to shift a greater portion of the costs to manufacturers and allowing the U.S. government to set prices for certain drugs in Medicare. The IRA also provides for (i) the U.S. government to set or “negotiate” prices for select high-cost Medicare Part D (beginning in 2026) and Medicare Part B drugs (beginning in 2028) that are more than nine years (for small-molecule drugs) or 13 years (for biological products) from their initial FDA approval, (ii) manufacturers to pay a rebate for Medicare Part B and Part D drugs when prices increase faster than inflation beginning in 2022 for Medicare Part D and 2023 for Medicare Part B drugs and (iii) Medicare Part D redesign which replaces the current Part D Coverage Gap Discount Program and establishes a $2,000 cap for out-of-pocket limits costs for Medicare beneficiaries beginning in 2025, with manufacturers being responsible for 10% of costs up to the $2,000 cap and 20% after that cap is reached. In January 2025, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services selected Xifaxan® as one of the medicines for its drug price negotiation program as part of the IRA with an initial price applicability in 2027. It is possible that other of our products could be selected in future years. These negotiations could, among other things, accelerate revenue erosion prior to the expiration of intellectual property protections. The effect of reducing prices and reimbursement for certain of our products could significantly impact our business and consolidated results of operations.
In addition, a number of U.S. states have implemented IRA-like price controls on pharmaceutical manufacturers. All state Medicaid programs have implemented voluntary supplemental drug rebate programs that may provide states with additional manufacturer rebates in exchange for preferred status on a state’s formulary or for patient populations that are not included in the traditional Medicaid drug benefit coverage. In addition, certain U.S. states have passed legislation intended to impact pricing or requiring manufacturers to report price increases to states, including certain states also allowing for drug affordability (i.e. price control) review boards. It is expected that state legislatures will continue to focus on drug pricing in 2025 and beyond and that similar bills will be passed in more states. These proposals create new authorities for state regulatory bodies to limit reimbursement for certain drugs and such efforts may expand to additional states.
Generic Competition and Loss of Exclusivity
Certain of our products face the expiration of their patent or regulatory exclusivity in 2026 or in later years, following which we anticipate generic competition of these products. In addition, in certain cases, as a result of negotiated settlements of some of our patent infringement proceedings against generic competitors, we have granted licenses to such generic companies, which will permit them to enter the market with their generic products prior to the expiration of our applicable patent or regulatory exclusivity. Finally, for certain of our products that lost patent or regulatory exclusivity in prior years, we anticipate that generic competitors may launch in 2026 or in later years. Following loss of exclusivity (“LOE”) of and/or generic competition for a product, we would anticipate that product sales for such product would decrease significantly
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shortly following the LOE or entry of a generic competitor. Where we have the rights, we may elect to launch an authorized generic (“AG”) of such product (either ourselves or through a third-party) prior to, upon or following generic entry, which may mitigate the anticipated decrease in product sales; however, even with launch of an authorized generic, the decline in product sales of such product would still be expected to be significant, and the effect on our future revenues could be material.
2026 through 2029 LOE Branded Products - Based on current patent expiration dates, settlement agreements and/or competitive information, we have identified branded products that we believe could begin facing potential LOE and/or generic competition in the U.S. and Canada during the years 2026 through 2029. These products and year of expected LOE include, but are not limited to, Aplenzin® (2026), Bryhali® (2026), Relistor® Subcutaneous (2028) and Xifaxan® (2028) in the U.S. and Jublia® (2028) in Canada. These dates may change based on, among other things, challenges to our patents, settlement of existing or future patent litigation and at-risk generic launches. We believe the entry into the market of generic competition generally would have an adverse impact on the volume and/or pricing of the affected products, however we are unable to predict the magnitude or timing of this impact.
In addition, for a number of our products (including Cabtreo®, Xifaxan® 550 mg, Trulance® and Lumify® in the U.S), we have commenced (or anticipate commencing) and have (or may have) ongoing infringement proceedings against potential generic competitors in the U.S. If we are not successful in these proceedings, we may face increased generic competition for these products.
See Note 17, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, as well as Note 20, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC and the CSA on February 19, 2025, for further details regarding certain infringement proceedings.
The risks of generic competition are a fact of the health care industry and are not specific to our operations or product portfolio. These risks are not avoidable, but we believe they are manageable. To manage these risks, our leadership team continually evaluates the impact that generic competition may have on future profitability and operations. In addition to aggressively defending the Company’s patents and other intellectual property, our leadership team makes operational and investment decisions regarding these products and businesses at risk, not the least of which are decisions regarding our pipeline. Our leadership team actively manages the Company’s pipeline in order to identify innovative and realizable projects aligned with our core businesses that are expected to provide incremental and sustainable revenues and growth into the future. We believe that our current pipeline is strong enough to meet these objectives and provide future sources of revenues, in our core businesses, sufficient enough to sustain our growth and corporate health as other products in our established portfolio face generic competition and lose momentum.
We believe that we have a well-established product portfolio that is diversified within our core businesses. We also believe that we have a robust pipeline that not only provides for the next generation of our existing products, but also brings new solutions into the market.
See Item 1A “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC and the CSA on February 19, 2025, for additional information on our competition risks.
Regulatory Matters
In the normal course of business, our products, devices and facilities are the subject of ongoing oversight and review by regulatory and governmental agencies, including general, for cause and pre-approval inspections by the relevant competent authorities where we have business operations. Through the date of this filing, all of our global operations and facilities have the relevant operational good manufacturing practices certificates and all Company products and all operating sites are in good compliance standing with all relevant notified bodies and global health authorities.
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FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE HIGHLIGHTS
The following table provides selected unaudited financial information for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:

| Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(in millions, except per share data) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | Change |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues | $ | 2,259 |  |  | $ | 2,153 |  |  | $ | 106 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating income | $ | 276 |  |  | $ | 281 |  |  | $ | (5) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loss before income taxes | $ | (47) |  |  | $ | (69) |  |  | $ | 22 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss attributable to Bausch Health Companies Inc. | $ | (58) |  |  | $ | (64) |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic and diluted loss per share attributable to Bausch Health Companies Inc. | $ | (0.16) |  |  | $ | (0.17) |  |  | $ | 0.01 |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Financial Performance
Summary of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were $2,259 million and $2,153 million, respectively, an increase of $106 million, or 5%. The increase is primarily attributable to growth in Salix, Bausch + Lomb and Solta Medical segments driven by: (i) higher volumes, (ii) improved net pricing, (iii) the impact of divestitures and discontinuations which negatively impacted our revenues in 2024 and (iv) incremental sales attributable to acquisitions, partially offset by the unfavorable impact of foreign currencies.
Operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $276 million and $281 million, respectively, and included non-cash charges for Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets of $305 million and $320 million and Share-based compensation of $43 million and $33 million, respectively. The decrease in our operating results of $5 million reflects, among other factors:
•an increase in contribution (Product sales revenue less Cost of goods sold, excluding amortization and impairments of intangible assets) of $43 million primarily due to the increase in revenues as previously discussed, partially offset by the inventory reserve charge related to Bausch + Lomb’s voluntary recall of certain enVista IOL products;
•an increase in selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) of $73 million primarily attributable to higher selling, advertising and promotion expenses primarily attributable to MIEBO®;
•a decrease in amortization of intangible assets of $18 million, primarily attributable to fully amortized intangible assets no longer being amortized in 2025; and
•an increase in Other expense, net of $15 million, primarily attributable to Acquired in-process research and development costs related to certain Bausch + Lomb acquisitions, partially offset by reductions in estimated Acquisition-related contingent consideration.
Loss before income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $47 million and $69 million, respectively, a favorable change of $22 million. The change is primarily attributable to a decrease in Interest expense of $25 million and a favorable change in Foreign exchange and other of $11 million, partially offset by the decrease in our operating results of $5 million as previously discussed and a Gain on extinguishment of debt of $11 million in 2024.
Net loss attributable to Bausch Health for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $58 million and $64 million, respectively, an increase in our results of $6 million, and is primarily attributable to a favorable change in Loss before income taxes of $22 million as previously discussed, partially offset by an unfavorable change in income taxes of $31 million.
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Our unaudited operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

| Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | Change |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Product sales | $ | 2,227 |  |  | $ | 2,129 |  |  | $ | 98 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other revenues | 32 |  |  | 24 |  |  | 8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2,259 |  |  | 2,153 |  |  | 106 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of goods sold (excluding amortization and impairments of intangible assets) | 683 |  |  | 628 |  |  | 55 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of other revenues | 18 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative | 867 |  |  | 794 |  |  | 73 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Research and development | 143 |  |  | 151 |  |  | (8) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of intangible assets | 256 |  |  | 274 |  |  | (18) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Asset impairments | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring, integration and separation costs | 1 |  |  | 12 |  |  | (11) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other expense, net | 15 |  |  | — |  |  | 15 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1,983 |  |  | 1,872 |  |  | 111 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating income | 276 |  |  | 281 |  |  | (5) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest income | 11 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense | (330) |  |  | (355) |  |  | 25 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gain on extinguishment of debt | — |  |  | 11 |  |  | (11) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange and other | (4) |  |  | (15) |  |  | 11 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loss before income taxes | (47) |  |  | (69) |  |  | 22 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Provision for income taxes | (39) |  |  | (8) |  |  | (31) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss | (86) |  |  | (77) |  |  | (9) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | 28 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 15 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss attributable to Bausch Health Companies Inc. | $ | (58) |  |  | $ | (64) |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Revenues
The Company’s revenues are primarily generated from product sales, primarily in the therapeutic areas of GI, hepatology, neurology, dermatology and eye health, that consist of: (i) branded pharmaceuticals, (ii) generic and branded generic pharmaceuticals, (iii) OTC products and (iv) medical devices (contact lenses, intraocular lenses, ophthalmic surgical equipment and aesthetic medical devices). Other revenues include alliance and service revenue from the licensing and co-promotion of products and contract service revenue which is derived primarily from contract manufacturing for third parties and which is not material.
Our revenues were $2,259 million and $2,153 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, an increase of $106 million, or 5%. The increase was primarily due to: (i) an increase in volumes of $103 million, primarily attributable to our Bausch + Lomb, Solta Medical, Salix and International segments, (ii) an increase in net realized pricing of $26 million, attributable to our Salix, Diversified and International segments, (iii) the impact of divestitures and discontinuations of $8 million, which negatively impacted our revenues in 2024 and (iv) incremental sales attributable to acquisitions of $6 million, partially offset by the unfavorable impact of foreign currencies of $37 million.
The changes in our segment revenues and segment profits for the three months ended March 31, 2025 are discussed in further detail below under “ — Reportable Segment Revenues and Profits.”
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Cash Discounts and Allowances, Chargebacks and Distribution Fees
As is customary in the pharmaceutical industry, gross product sales are subject to a variety of deductions in arriving at net product sales. Provisions for these deductions are recognized concurrently with the recognition of gross product sales. These provisions include cash discounts and allowances, chargebacks, and distribution fees, which are paid or credited to direct customers, as well as rebates and returns, which can be paid or credited to direct and indirect customers. As more fully discussed in Note 3, “REVENUE RECOGNITION” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company continually monitors the provisions for these deductions and evaluates the estimates used as additional information becomes available. Price appreciation credits are generated when we increase a product’s wholesaler acquisition cost (“WAC”) under our contracts with certain wholesalers. Under such contracts, we are entitled to credits from such wholesalers for the impact of that WAC increase on inventory on hand at the wholesalers. In wholesaler contracts, such credits are offset against the total distribution service fees we pay on all of our products to each such wholesaler. In addition, some payor contracts require discounting if a price increase or series of price increases in a contract period exceeds a negotiated threshold. Returns provision balances and volume discounts to direct customers are included in Accrued and other current liabilities. All other provisions related to direct customers are included in Trade receivables, net, while provision balances related to indirect customers are included in Accrued and other current liabilities.
We actively manage these offerings, focusing on the incremental costs of our patient assistance programs, the level of discounting to non-retail accounts and identifying opportunities to minimize product returns. We also concentrate on managing our relationships with our payors and wholesalers, reviewing the ranges of our offerings and being disciplined as to the amount and type of incentives we negotiate. Provisions recorded to reduce gross product sales to net product sales and revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2025 |  | 2024
(in millions) |  | Amount |  | Pct. |  | Amount |  | Pct.
Gross product sales |  | $ | 3,922 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 3,823 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Provisions to reduce gross product sales to net product sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discounts and allowances |  | 163 |  |  | 4.2 | % |  | 155 |  |  | 4.1 | %
Returns |  | 29 |  |  | 0.7 | % |  | 42 |  |  | 1.1 | %
Rebates |  | 992 |  |  | 25.3 | % |  | 902 |  |  | 23.6 | %
Chargebacks |  | 432 |  |  | 11.0 | % |  | 523 |  |  | 13.7 | %
Distribution fees |  | 79 |  |  | 2.0 | % |  | 72 |  |  | 1.9 | %
Total provisions |  | 1,695 |  |  | 43.2 | % |  | 1,694 |  |  | 44.4 | %
Net product sales |  | 2,227 |  |  | 56.8 | % |  | 2,129 |  |  | 55.6 | %
Other revenues |  | 32 |  |  |  |  | 24 |  |  |
Revenues |  | $ | 2,259 |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,153 |  |  |

Cash discounts and allowances, returns, rebates, chargebacks and distribution fees as a percentage of gross product sales were 43.2% and 44.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, a decrease of 1.2 percentage points due primarily to the following factors:
•rebates as a percentage of gross product sales were higher primarily due to higher rebates for: (i) Bausch + Lomb’s XIIDRA® and MIEBO® and (ii) CABTREO®, partially offset by lower rebates for: (i) Glumetza® SLX and Zegerid® that were discontinued in 2024 and (ii) certain other products such as Arazlo®, Wellbutrin® and Onexton®, and
•chargebacks as a percentage of gross product sales were lower primarily due to lower gross product sales of Glumetza® SLX, partially offset by increased gross product sales for Xifaxan®.
Expenses
Cost of Goods Sold (excluding amortization and impairments of intangible assets)
Cost of goods sold primarily includes: manufacturing and packaging; the cost of products we purchase from third parties; royalty payments we make to third parties; depreciation of manufacturing facilities and equipment; and lower of cost or net realizable value adjustments to inventories. Cost of goods sold typically vary between periods as a result of product
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mix, volume, royalties, changes in foreign currency and inflation. Cost of goods sold excludes the amortization and impairments of intangible assets.
Cost of goods sold was $683 million and $628 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, an increase of $55 million, or 9%. The increase was primarily driven by: (i) higher volumes as previously discussed and (ii) an inventory reserve charge of $15 million related to Bausch + Lomb’s voluntary recall of certain enVista IOL products as previously discussed.
Cost of goods sold as a percentage of product sales revenue were 30.7% and 29.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, an increase of 1.2 percentage points.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
SG&A expenses primarily include: employee compensation associated with sales and marketing, finance, legal, information technology, human resources and other administrative functions; certain outside legal fees and consultancy costs; product promotion expenses; overhead and occupancy costs; depreciation of corporate facilities and equipment; and other general and administrative costs. The Company has incurred and expects to continue to incur, incremental costs with respect to the B+L Separation. These separation-related costs include, but are not limited to rebranding costs and costs associated with facility relocation and/or modification.
SG&A expenses were $867 million and $794 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, an increase of $73 million, or 9%. The increase was primarily attributable to: (i) selling, advertising and promotion expenses primarily attributable to MIEBO® and (ii) general and administrative expenses, primarily driven by higher compensation costs and higher Bausch + Lomb business transformation costs, partially offset by the favorable impact of foreign currencies.
Research and Development Expenses
Included in Research and development are costs related to our product development and quality assurance programs. Expenses related to product development include: employee compensation costs; overhead and occupancy costs; depreciation of research and development facilities and equipment; clinical trial costs; clinical manufacturing and scale-up costs; and other third-party development costs. Quality assurance are the costs incurred to meet evolving customer and regulatory standards and include: employee compensation costs; overhead and occupancy costs; amortization of software; and other third-party costs.
R&D expenses were $143 million and $151 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, a decrease of $8 million, or 5%. The decrease is primarily attributable to lower spend on certain projects in the Salix segment, partially offset by an increase in spend on certain projects in the Bausch + Lomb segment.
R&D expenses as a percentage of Product sales were approximately 6% and 7% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Amortization of Intangible Assets
Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, generally 2 to 20 years. Management continually assesses the useful lives related to the Company’s long-lived assets to reflect the most current assumptions.
Amortization of intangible assets was $256 million and $274 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, a decrease of $18 million, or 7%, primarily attributable to fully amortized intangible assets no longer being amortized in 2025.
See Note 8, “INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further details related to our intangible assets.
Asset impairments
Long-lived assets with finite lives are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Impairment charges associated with these assets are included in Asset impairments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company continues to monitor the recoverability of its finite-lived intangible assets and tests the intangible assets for impairment if indicators of impairment are present. The Company estimates the fair values of long-lived assets with finite lives using an undiscounted cash flow model which utilizes Level 3 unobservable inputs. The undiscounted cash flow model relies on assumptions regarding revenue growth rates, gross profit, selling, general and administrative expenses and research and development expenses.
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Asset impairments for each of the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were not material.
See Note 8, “INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further details related to our intangible assets.
Restructuring, integration and separation costs
Restructuring and Integration Costs
The Company evaluates opportunities to improve its operating results and implement cost savings programs to streamline its operations and eliminate redundant processes and expenses. Restructuring and integration costs are expenses associated with the implementation of these cost savings programs and include expenses associated with: (i) reducing headcount, (ii) eliminating real estate costs associated with unused or under-utilized facilities and (iii) implementing contribution margin improvement and other cost reduction initiatives.
Restructuring, integration and separation costs were $1 million and $12 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, a decrease of $11 million.
See Note 5, “RESTRUCTURING, INTEGRATION AND SEPARATION COSTS” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further details regarding these actions.
Other Expense, Net
Other expense, net for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 consists of the following:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions) |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Acquired in-process research and development costs |  | $ | 28 |  |  | $ | — |
Acquisition-related transaction costs |  | 1 |  |  | — |
Litigation and other matters, net of insurance recoveries and restitutions |  | (3) |  |  | 6 |
Acquisition-related contingent consideration |  | (11) |  |  | (2) |
Gain on sale of assets, net |  | — |  |  | (4) |
|  | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | — |

Acquired in-process research and development costs for the three months ended March 31, 2025 are related to Bausch + Lomb’s acquisition of Whitecap Biosciences.
Acquisition-related contingent consideration for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 reflects adjustments for changes in estimates in the timing and amounts of expected future royalty and milestone payments and accretion for the time value of money.
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, Litigation and other matters primarily relates to restitution received in connection with a certain legal matter. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, Litigation and other matters primarily related to adjustments to provisions for certain legal matters.
Non-Operating Income and Expense
Interest Expense
Interest expense primarily consists of interest payments due, amortization and write-off of debt discounts, premiums and debt issuance costs under our credit facilities and notes, and the amortization of amounts excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness over the term of the Company’s cross-currency swaps.
Interest expense was $330 million and $355 million, and included non-cash amortization and write-offs of debt premiums, discounts and deferred issuance costs of $15 million and $14 million, for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 decreased $25 million, or 7%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to the repurchase of a portion of the December 2025 Unsecured Notes and the April 2026 Unsecured Notes and lower outstanding balances of our AR Credit Facility.
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The weighted average stated rate of interest as of March 31, 2025 and 2024 was 7.71% and 8.02%, respectively. As discussed in the section titled “— Liquidity and Capital Resources — Liquidity and Debt — Long-term Debt — Accounting for Exchange”, due to the accounting treatment for the 2022 Secured Notes (as defined below), interest expense in the Company’s financial statements will not be representative of the weighted average stated rate of interest.
See Note 10, “FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the section titled “— Liquidity and Capital Resources — Liquidity and Debt — Long-term Debt” for further details.
Gain on Extinguishment of Debt
Gain on extinguishment of debt represents the differences between the amounts paid to settle extinguished debts and the carrying value of the related extinguished debt. There was no gain on extinguishment of debt for the three months ended March 31, 2025. Gain on extinguishment of debt for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $11 million and was attributable to open market repurchases.
Foreign Exchange and Other
Foreign exchange and other was a loss of $4 million and $15 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, a favorable change of $11 million, primarily due to: (i) transaction gains/losses on intercompany balances and third-party liabilities and (ii) the gain/loss due to foreign currency exchange contracts.
Income Taxes
Provision for income taxes was $39 million and $8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, an unfavorable change of $31 million.
Our effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2025 differs from the statutory Canadian income tax rate primarily due to: (i) the recording of valuation allowances on entities for which no tax benefit of losses is expected, (ii) the tax provision generated from our annualized mix of earnings by jurisdiction and (iii) the discrete treatment of certain tax matters associated with the filing of certain tax returns.
Our effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 differs from the statutory Canadian income tax rate primarily due to: (i) the tax provision generated from our annualized mix of earnings by jurisdiction, (ii) the recording of valuation allowances on entities for which no tax benefit of losses is expected and (iii) the discrete treatment of certain tax matters, primarily related to changes in uncertain tax positions.
See Note 15, “INCOME TAXES” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.
Reportable Segment Revenues and Profits
The following is a brief description of the Company’s segments:
•The Salix segment consists of sales in the U.S. of GI products. Sales of the Xifaxan® product line currently represent approximately 85% of the Salix segment revenues.
•The International segment consists of sales, with the exception of sales of Bausch + Lomb products and Solta Medical aesthetic medical devices, outside the U.S. and Puerto Rico of branded pharmaceutical products, branded generic pharmaceutical products and OTC products.
•The Solta Medical segment consists of global sales of Solta Medical aesthetic medical devices.
•The Diversified segment consists of sales in the U.S. of: (i) pharmaceutical products in the areas of neurology and certain other therapeutic classes, (ii) dermatology products, (iii) generic pharmaceutical products and (iv) dentistry products.
•The Bausch + Lomb segment consists of global sales of Bausch + Lomb Vision Care, Surgical and Pharmaceuticals products.
Segment profit is based on operating income after the elimination of intercompany transactions. Certain costs, such as Amortization of intangible assets, Asset impairments, Restructuring, integration, separation costs, and Other expense, net, are not included in the measure of segment profit, as management excludes these items in assessing segment financial performance. See Note 18, “SEGMENT INFORMATION” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a reconciliation of segment profit to Loss before income taxes.
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The following table presents segment revenues, segment revenues as a percentage of total revenues, and the period-over-period changes in segment revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. The following table also presents segment profits, segment profits as a percentage of segment revenues and the period-over-period changes in segment profits for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | Change
(in millions) |  | Amount |  | Pct. |  | Amount |  | Pct. |  | Amount |  | Pct.
Segment Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salix |  | $ | 542 |  |  | 24 | % |  | $ | 499 |  |  | 23 | % |  | $ | 43 |  |  | 9 | %
International |  | 262 |  |  | 12 | % |  | 265 |  |  | 12 | % |  | (3) |  |  | (1) | %
Solta Medical |  | 113 |  |  | 5 | % |  | 88 |  |  | 4 | % |  | 25 |  |  | 28 | %
Diversified |  | 205 |  |  | 9 | % |  | 202 |  |  | 9 | % |  | 3 |  |  | 1 | %
Bausch + Lomb |  | 1,137 |  |  | 50 | % |  | 1,099 |  |  | 52 | % |  | 38 |  |  | 3 | %
Total revenues |  | $ | 2,259 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 2,153 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 106 |  |  | 5 | %
Segment Profits / Segment Profit Margins |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salix |  | $ | 371 |  |  | 68 | % |  | $ | 329 |  |  | 66 | % |  | $ | 42 |  |  | 13 | %
International |  | 85 |  |  | 32 | % |  | 87 |  |  | 33 | % |  | (2) |  |  | (2) | %
Solta Medical |  | 53 |  |  | 47 | % |  | 40 |  |  | 45 | % |  | 13 |  |  | 33 | %
Diversified |  | 127 |  |  | 62 | % |  | 114 |  |  | 56 | % |  | 13 |  |  | 11 | %
Bausch + Lomb |  | 180 |  |  | 16 | % |  | 242 |  |  | 22 | % |  | (62) |  |  | (26) | %
Total segment profits |  | $ | 816 |  |  | 36 | % |  | $ | 812 |  |  | 38 | % |  | $ | 4 |  |  | — | %

Organic Revenues and Organic Growth Rates (non-GAAP)
Organic revenue and organic revenue change are non-GAAP measures. Non-GAAP measures are not standardized measures under the financial reporting framework used to prepare the Company’s financial statements and might not be comparable to similar financial measures disclosed by other issuers.
Organic revenue (non-GAAP) and change in organic revenue (non-GAAP), are defined as GAAP Revenue and change in GAAP revenue (the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures), adjusted for changes in foreign currency exchange rates (if applicable) and excluding the impact of recent acquisitions, divestitures and discontinuations, as defined below. Organic revenue (non-GAAP) is impacted by changes in product volumes and price. The price component is made up of two key drivers: (i) changes in product gross selling price and (ii) changes in sales deductions. The Company uses organic revenue (non-GAAP) and change in organic revenue (non-GAAP) to assess performance of its reportable segments, and the Company in total. The Company believes that providing these measures is useful to investors as they provide a supplemental period-to-period comparison.
The adjustments to GAAP Revenue and changes in GAAP revenue to determine organic revenue (non-GAAP) and changes in organic revenue (non-GAAP) are as follows:
Foreign currency exchange rates: Although changes in foreign currency exchange rates are part of our business, they are not within management’s control. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates, however, can mask positive or negative trends in the business. The impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates is determined as the difference in the current period reported revenues at their current period currency exchange rates and the current period reported revenues revalued using the monthly average currency exchange rates during the comparable prior period.
Acquisitions, divestitures and discontinuations: In order to present period-over-period organic revenue (non-GAAP) growth/change on a comparable basis, revenues associated with acquisitions, divestitures and discontinuations are adjusted to include only revenues from those businesses and assets owned during both periods. Accordingly, organic revenue and organic growth/change exclude from the current period, revenues attributable to each acquisition for twelve months subsequent to the day of acquisition, as there are no revenues from those businesses and assets included in the comparable prior period. Organic revenue and change in organic revenue exclude from the prior period, all revenues attributable to each divestiture and discontinuance during the twelve months prior to the day of divestiture or discontinuance, as there are no revenues from those businesses and assets included in the comparable current period.
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The following table presents a reconciliation of GAAP revenues to organic revenues (non-GAAP) and the period-over-period changes in organic revenue (non-GAAP) for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 by segment.

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 |  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 |  | Change in Organic Revenue (Non-GAAP)
|  | Revenue as Reported |  | Changes in Exchange Rates |  | Acquisitions |  | Organic Revenue (Non-GAAP) |  | Revenue as Reported |  | Divestitures and Discontinuations |  | Organic Revenue (Non-GAAP) |
(in millions) |  |  | Amount |  | Pct.
Salix |  | $ | 542 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 542 |  |  | $ | 499 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 509 |  |  | $ | 33 |  |  | 6 | %
International |  | 262 |  |  | 14 |  |  | — |  |  | 276 |  |  | 265 |  |  | (3) |  |  | 262 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 5 | %
Solta Medical |  | 113 |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | 117 |  |  | 88 |  |  | — |  |  | 88 |  |  | 29 |  |  | 33 | %
Diversified |  | 205 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 205 |  |  | 202 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 204 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — | %
Bausch + Lomb |  | 1,137 |  |  | 19 |  |  | (6) |  |  | 1,150 |  |  | 1,099 |  |  | (1) |  |  | 1,098 |  |  | 52 |  |  | 5 | %
Total |  | $ | 2,259 |  |  | $ | 37 |  |  | $ | (6) |  |  | $ | 2,290 |  |  | $ | 2,153 |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 2,161 |  |  | $ | 129 |  |  | 6 | %

Salix Segment:
Salix Segment Revenue
The Salix segment includes our Xifaxan® product line. Revenues from our Xifaxan® product line currently accounts for approximately 85% of the Salix segment revenues. No other single product group represents 10% or more of the Salix segment product sales. Salix segment revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $542 million and $499 million, respectively, an increase of $43 million, or 9%. The increase was primarily attributable to: (i) an increase in net realized pricing of $20 million, primarily attributable to Xifaxan®, (ii) an increase in volumes of $13 million and (iii) the $10 million impact from the discontinuation of certain non-promoted products which negatively impacted our revenues in 2024.
Salix Segment Profit
The Salix segment profit for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $371 million and $329 million, respectively, an increase of $42 million, or 13%. The increase was primarily driven by: (i) higher contribution attributable to the increase in revenues as previously discussed and (ii) lower R&D expenses, partially offset by an increase in general and administrative expenses.
International Segment:
International Segment Revenue
The International segment has a diversified product line with no single product group representing 10% or more of its product sales. The International segment revenue was $262 million and $265 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, a decrease of $3 million, or 1%. The decrease was primarily attributable to: (i) the unfavorable impact of foreign currencies of $14 million and (ii) the impact of divestitures and discontinuations of $3 million, partially offset by: (i) an increase in net realized pricing of $10 million and (ii) an increase in volumes of $4 million.
International Segment Profit
The International segment profit for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $85 million and $87 million, respectively, a decrease of $2 million, or 2%. and was primarily driven by a decrease in revenues.
Solta Medical Segment:
Solta Medical Segment Revenue
The Solta Medical segment includes the Thermage® product line, which accounted for over 80% of the Solta Medical segment revenues. The Solta Medical segment revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $113 million and $88 million, respectively, an increase of $25 million, or 28%. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in volumes of $34 million, partially offset by: (i) a decrease in net realized pricing of $5 million and (ii) the unfavorable impact of foreign currencies of $4 million.
Solta Medical Segment Profit
The Solta Medical segment profit for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $53 million and $40 million, respectively, an increase of $13 million, or 33%. The increase was primarily driven by higher contribution attributable to the increase in revenues as previously discussed, partially offset by higher selling, advertising and promotion expenses.
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Diversified Segment:
Diversified Segment Revenue
The Diversified segment revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $205 million and $202 million, respectively, an increase of $3 million, or 1%. The increase was primarily driven by the increase in net realized pricing of $12 million, primarily in our Neurology business, partially offset by a decrease in volumes of $11 million, primarily in our Neurology business.
Diversified Segment Profit
The Diversified segment profit for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $127 million and $114 million, respectively, an increase of $13 million, or 11%. The increase was primarily driven by: (i) higher contribution attributable to the increase in revenues as previously discussed and (ii) lower SG&A expenses.
Bausch + Lomb Segment:
Bausch + Lomb Segment Revenue
The Bausch + Lomb segment revenue was $1,137 million and $1,099 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, an increase of $38 million, or 3%. The increase was primarily driven by: (i) an increase in volumes of $63 million across all Bausch + Lomb businesses and (ii) incremental sales attributable to acquisitions of $6 million, primarily within the Surgical business, partially offset by: (i) the unfavorable impact of foreign currencies of $19 million, (ii) a decrease in net realized pricing of $11 million, primarily driven by the Pharmaceuticals business and (iii) the impact of divestitures and discontinuations of $1 million, related to the discontinuation of certain products within the Vision Care business.
Bausch + Lomb Segment Profit
The Bausch + Lomb segment profit for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $180 million and $242 million, respectively, a decrease of $62 million, or 26%. The decrease was primarily attributable to: (i) an increase in selling expenses and advertising and promotion expenses, primarily related to MIEBO®, and (ii) charges associated with the voluntary recall of certain enVista IOL products of $15 million as previously discussed, partially offset by the increase in revenues as previously discussed.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Cash Flows

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | Change
Net loss |  | $ | (86) |  |  | $ | (77) |  |  | $ | (9) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities |  | 362 |  |  | 323 |  |  | 39 |
Cash provided by operating activities before changes in operating assets and liabilities |  | 276 |  |  | 246 |  |  | 30 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities |  | (65) |  |  | (35) |  |  | (30) |
Net cash provided by operating activities |  | 211 |  |  | 211 |  |  | — |
Net cash used in investing activities |  | (130) |  |  | (73) |  |  | (57) |
Net cash used in financing activities |  | (146) |  |  | (340) |  |  | 194 |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |  | 21 |  |  | (5) |  |  | 26 |
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |  | (44) |  |  | (207) |  |  | 163 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period |  | 1,201 |  |  | 962 |  |  | 239 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period |  | $ | 1,157 |  |  | $ | 755 |  |  | $ | 402 |

Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities was $211 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
Cash provided by operating activities before changes in operating assets and liabilities was $276 million and $246 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, an increase of $30 million and is primarily attributable to improved operating performance as previously discussed, partially offset by: (i) payment of $28 million of
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acquired in-process research and development costs in 2025 related to Bausch + Lomb’s acquisition of Whitecap Biosciences as previously discussed, and (ii) higher Payments of accrued legal settlements.
Changes in operating assets and liabilities resulted in net decreases in cash of $65 million and $35 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, an unfavorable change of $30 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, Changes in operating assets and liabilities were unfavorably impacted by: (i) the timing of certain payments in the ordinary course of business of $145 million and (ii) an increase in inventories of $30 million, partially offset by the favorable timing in the collection of trade receivables of $110 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, changes in operating assets and liabilities were unfavorably impacted by: (i) an increase in inventories of $144 million and (ii) timing of collection of trade receivables of $63 million, partially offset by the unfavorable impact of the timing of certain payments in the ordinary course of business of $172 million.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $130 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and was primarily driven by Purchases of property, plant and equipment and B+L acquisitions and other investments.
Net cash used in investing activities was $73 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and was primarily driven by purchases of property, plant and equipment.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities was $146 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and was primarily driven by the repayment of long-term debt of $168 million which includes: (i) $127 million of contractual interest payments on the 2022 Secured Notes allocated to the reduction of the recorded premiums and (ii) $41 million of amortization payments related to our term loan facilities, partially offset by $50 million of additional borrowings under the B+L Revolving Credit Facility.
Net cash used in financing activities was $340 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and was primarily driven by the repayment of long-term debt of $390 million which includes: (i) the repurchase and retirement of certain outstanding senior unsecured notes in the open market with aggregate par value of $250 million for approximately $238 million, (ii) $50 million of repayments under the B+L Revolving Credit Facility, (iii) $39 million of contractual interest payments on the 2022 Secured Notes allocated to the reduction of the recorded premiums, as discussed above, (iv) $38 million of amortization payments on our term loan facilities and (v) repayments of $25 million under our AR Credit Facility, partially offset by $75 million of additional borrowings under the B+L Revolving Credit Facility.
See Note 10, “FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the financing activities described above, including the definitions of certain defined terms used above.
Liquidity and Debt
Future Sources of Liquidity
Our primary sources of liquidity are our cash and cash equivalents, cash collected from customers, funds as available from our revolving credit facilities and AR Credit Facility, issuances of long-term debt and issuances of equity and equity-linked securities. We believe these sources will be sufficient to meet our current liquidity needs for the next twelve months.
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as presented in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2025 includes $215 million of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash held by legal entities of Bausch + Lomb. Cash held by Bausch + Lomb legal entities and any future cash from the operating, investing and financing activities of Bausch + Lomb is expected to be retained by Bausch + Lomb entities and is generally not available to support the operations, investing and financing activities of other legal entities, including Bausch Health unless paid as a dividend which would be determined by the Board of Directors of Bausch + Lomb and paid pro rata to Bausch + Lomb’s shareholders.
As a result of the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions, as discussed in the section titled “— Overview — Focus on Core Businesses — Effectively Managing our Capital Structure — April 2025 Refinancing Transactions” above, the maturities of our principal balances of debt obligations as of April 8, 2025 were as follows:

(in millions) |  | Remainder of 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2027 |  | 2028 |  | 2029 |  | 2030 |  | 2031 and 2032 |  | Total |
Total debt obligations |  | $ | 45 |  |  | $ | 672 |  |  | $ | 3,675 |  |  | $ | 6,199 |  |  | $ | 1,640 |  |  | $ | 3,995 |  |  | $ | 4,863 |  |  | $ | 21,089 |  |

We regularly evaluate market conditions, our liquidity profile and available financing alternatives and may consider executing opportunistic financing transactions, including but not limited to, refinancing or restructuring consolidated
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indebtedness, issuing new debt instruments, divesting of assets or businesses and issuing equity or equity-linked securities (including secondary offerings or other monetization of a portion of our holdings of common shares of Bausch + Lomb), as deemed appropriate, to manage our debt maturities and to improve our capital structure and liquidity.
Our ability to satisfy our debt obligations will depend principally upon our future operating performance, as well as our continuing efforts to improve our balance sheet. Our ability to restructure or refinance our debt, should we elect to do so, will depend on the capital markets and our financial condition at such times. Additional information about these factors can be found in Item 1A. “Risk Factors – Debt-related Risks” of Part II of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in Item 1A. “Risk Factors – Debt-related Risks” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC and the CSA on February 19, 2025.
Long-term Debt
Long-term debt, net of unamortized premiums, discounts and issuance costs was $21,510 million and $21,616 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Aggregate contractual principal amounts due under our debt obligations were $20,489 million and $20,480 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, an increase of $9 million.
2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities
On April 8, 2025, a subsidiary of the Company, 1261229 B.C. Ltd. (the “Issuer”) entered into a credit agreement that provides for new senior secured credit facilities (the “2025 Credit Agreement”) consisting of a five-year senior secured revolving credit facility in an amount of $500 million due April 8, 2030 (the “2030 Revolving Credit Facility”) and a $3,000 million 5.5-year senior secured term loan B facility due October 8, 2030 (the “2030 Term Loan B Facility” and together with the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility, the “2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities”).
Borrowings under the 2030 Term Loan B Facility bear interest, with respect to U.S. dollar borrowings, based on the Company’s election of either (1) an alternate base rate equal to the highest of: (i) the prime rate then in effect, (ii) the greater of the federal funds effective rate and the overnight bank funding rate (each subject to a 0% floor), plus 0.500% and (iii) the Term SOFR Rate (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement) for a one-month interest period, plus 1.000%, subject to a 1.000% floor, plus the Applicable Rate (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement) or (2) the Term SOFR Rate for the applicable interest period, subject to a 0% floor, plus the Applicable Rate. The Applicable Rate in connection with a borrowing under the 2030 Term Loan B Facility is 5.25% per annum for alternate base rate borrowings and 6.25% per annum for Term SOFR Rate borrowings.
The 2030 Revolving Credit Facility will mature on the earlier of April 8, 2030 and the date that is 91 calendar days prior to the scheduled maturity of indebtedness for borrowed money of the Company or the Issuer in an aggregate principal amount in excess of $1,000 million. Borrowings under the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility can be made in U.S. dollars, Canadian dollars or Euros.
Borrowings under the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility bear interest, with respect to U.S. dollar borrowings, based on the Company’s election of either (1) an alternate base rate equal to the Applicable Rate plus the highest of: (i) the prime rate then in effect, (ii) the greater of the federal funds effective rate and the overnight bank funding rate (each subject to a 0% floor), plus 0.500% and (iii) the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement) for a one-month interest period (subject to a 0% floor), plus 1.000%, plus the Applicable Rate or (2) the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate for the applicable interest period (subject to a 0% floor), plus the Applicable Rate.
Borrowings under the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility bear interest, with respect to Canadian Dollar borrowings, based on the Company’s election of either (1) the Canadian Overnight Repo Rate Average (“Term CORRA”) plus 0.29547% for a one month interest period or 0.32138% for a three-month interest period (subject to a 0% floor), plus the Applicable Rate or (2) a rate equal to the highest of: (i) the Canadian prime rate then in effect and (ii) the annual rate of interest equal to the sum of the (x) Term CORRA rate plus 0.29547% for a one month interest period and (y) 1.00% (each subject to a 1.00% floor), plus the Applicable Rate.
Borrowings under the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility bear interest, with respect to Euro borrowings, based on the adjusted EURIBOR Screen Rate, (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement), subject to a 0% floor, for any applicable interest period plus the Applicable Rate.
The Applicable Rate in connection with alternate base rate borrowings, Canadian prime rate loans and swingline loans is 3.25% and in connection with Adjusted Term SOFR Rate loans, Adjusted EURIBOR Rate loans and Adjusted Term CORRA Rate loans is 4.25%; provided that, in connection with any borrowing, the Applicable Rate is subject to two 0.250% step-downs subject to compliance with a Blended First Lien Leverage Ratio (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement) of equal to or less than 2.6:1.00 and equal to or less than 2.1:1.00, respectively. In addition, the Company is required to pay commitment fees of 0.50% per annum in respect of the unutilized commitments (but in the case of swingline loans, whether
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utilized or unutilized) under the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility, payable quarterly in arrears, subject to two 0.125% step-downs subject to compliance with a Blended First Lien Leverage Ratio of equal to or less than 2.6:1.00 and equal to or less than 2.1:1.00, respectively. The Company is also required to pay letter of credit fees on the maximum amount available to be drawn under all outstanding letters of credit in an amount equal to the Applicable Rate in connection with Adjusted Term SOFR Rate loans, Adjusted EURIBOR Rate loans and Adjusted Term CORRA Rate loans under the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility on a per annum basis, payable quarterly in arrears, as well as customary fronting fees (not to exceed 0.125% per annum) for the issuance of letters of credit and agency fees.
The Issuer is permitted to voluntarily prepay outstanding loans under the 2030 Term Loan B Facility, in whole or in part, without premium or penalty subject to customary “breakage” costs. The 2030 Term Loan B Facility includes a 100% net cash proceeds sweep, on a pro rata basis with obligations under the 2032 Senior Secured Notes, in connection with (i) the receipt of net cash proceeds from the sale of Bausch + Lomb Share Collateral, (ii) the receipt of any dividends, distributions or other amounts on account of such Bausch + Lomb Share Collateral, (iii) incurrence of indebtedness that is not otherwise permitted, (iv) certain asset sales or other dispositions of any property of the Company or its restricted subsidiaries and certain casualty or condemnation events (subject to reinvestment rights and with any prepayments to be shared ratably with the 11.00% First Lien Notes due September 2028, the 2028 Senior Secured Notes and the 2032 Senior Secured Notes) and (v) cash of the Issuer from payments under certain intercompany obligations after funding principal and interest payments (including for the subsequent six months) under the 2025 Credit Agreement and the 2032 Senior Secured Notes.
The 2030 Term Loan B Facility will mature October 8, 2030. The amortization rate for the 2030 Term Loan B Facility is 1.00% per annum, or $30 million, payable in quarterly installments beginning on September 30, 2025. The Issuer may direct that prepayments be applied to such amortization payments in order of maturity. The mandatory quarterly amortization payments for the 2030 Term Loan B Facility will be $158 million through October 2030.
The 2025 Credit Agreement provides for an accordion feature that allows the Issuer, on one or more occasions prior to December 31, 2025, to increase the size of the 2030 Term Loan B Facility, add one or more incremental term loan facilities or incur incremental equivalent debt in an aggregate amount not to exceed $1,600 million less the amount of any Drop Down Debt (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement) originally incurred (whether or not such Drop Down Debt remains outstanding at the time of such incurrence of incremental term loan facilities or incremental equivalent debt), secured by the collateral on a pari passu basis with the 2030 Term Loan B Facility and the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility. The incurrence of such incremental term loan facilities or incremental equivalent debt is subject to customary conditions, including that a specified amount of Bausch + Lomb shares are added to the Bausch + Lomb Share Collateral based on the amount of such incremental term loan facilities or incremental equivalent debt incurred. In addition, the Issuer and the guarantors shall be able to incur junior lien or unsecured indebtedness in an amount such that after giving effect to the incurrence of any such debt, the Company would be in compliance, on a pro forma basis after giving effect to such incurrence of such indebtedness, with either a (i) Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio that is no less than 2.00 to 1.00 or (ii) Total Leverage Ratio that is no greater than 6.50 to 1.00, in each case, subject to customary terms and conditions, and with such ratios as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement.
The 2030 Revolving Credit Facility, which is part of the 2025 Credit Agreement, also contains financial maintenance covenants, that require the Company to maintain (1) a Blended First Lien Leverage Ratio (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement) of not greater than (i) 4.25:1.00, prior to the Covenant Step Up Date (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement) and (ii) 5.75:1.00 on and after such date and (2) minimum liquidity of not less than $400 million on or after the Covenant Step Up Date.
Senior Secured Credit Facilities under the B+L Credit Agreement
On May 10, 2022, Bausch + Lomb entered into a credit agreement (the “B+L Credit Agreement”, and the credit facilities thereunder, the “B+L Credit Facilities”). Prior to the B+L September 2023 Credit Facility Amendment (as defined below), the B+L Credit Agreement provided for a term loan of $2,500 million with a five-year term to maturity (the “B+L May 2027 Term Loan B Facility”) and a five-year revolving credit facility of $500 million (the “B+L Revolving Credit Facility”).
B+L Senior Secured Notes and B+L Term Loan B Facility
On September 29, 2023, Bausch + Lomb entered into an incremental term loan facility secured on a pari passu basis with its existing B+L May 2027 Term Loan B Facility. This incremental term loan facility was entered into in the form of an incremental amendment (the “September 2023 Credit Facility Amendment”) to the existing B+L Credit Agreement (the B+L Credit Agreement, as amended by the September 2023 Credit Facility Amendment, the “Initial B+L Amended Credit Agreement”) and consisted of borrowings of $500 million in new term B loans with a five-year term to maturity (the “B+L September 2028 Term Loan B Facility”).
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On November 1, 2024, Bausch + Lomb entered into an additional incremental term loan facility secured on a pari passu basis with its existing B+L May 2027 Term Loan B Facility and B+L September 2028 Term Loan B Facility. This incremental term loan facility was entered into in the form of an incremental amendment (the “November 2024 Credit Facility Amendment”) to the Initial B+L Amended Credit Agreement (the Initial B+L Amended Credit Agreement, as amended by the November 2024 Credit Facility Amendment, the “B+L Second Amended Credit Agreement”) and consisted of borrowing $400 million of new term loans with a maturity of May 2027 (the “B+L May 2027 Incremental Term Loan B Facility” and, together with the B+L September 2028 Term Loan B Facility and the B+L May 2027 Term Loan B Facility, the “B+L Term Facilities”, and the B+L Term Facilities, together with the B+L Revolving Credit Facility, the “B+L Senior Secured Credit Facilities”). The proceeds from the B+L May 2027 Incremental Term Loan B Facility were used to repay revolving loans outstanding under the B+L Amended Credit Agreement and for general corporate purposes.
The B+L Senior Secured Credit Facilities are secured by substantially all of the assets of Bausch + Lomb and its material, wholly-owned Canadian, U.S., Dutch and Irish subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions. The B+L Term Facilities are denominated in U.S. dollars, and borrowings under the B+L Revolving Credit Facility may be made available in U.S. dollars, euros, pounds sterling (and, subject to the B+L Suspension of Rights Agreement, Canadian dollars). As of March 31, 2025, the B+L Revolving Credit Facility had $160 million of outstanding borrowings, $36 million of issued and outstanding letters of credit and $304 million of remaining availability.
See Note 10, “FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.
Accounting for the 2022 Exchange
During September 2022, the Company closed a series of transactions whereby it exchanged (the “2022 Exchange”) validly tendered senior unsecured notes for newly issued secured notes (the “2022 Secured Notes”). The Company performed an assessment of the 2022 Exchange and determined that it met the criteria to be accounted for as a troubled debt restructuring under Accounting Standards Codification 470-60. As a result of the application of this accounting, the difference between the principal amount of the 2022 Secured Notes and their carrying value was recorded as a premium and is included in long-term debt on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.
The original premium recorded on the 2022 Secured Notes was $1,835 million, which will be reduced as contractual interest payments are made on the 2022 Secured Notes. The portion of each contractual interest payment allocated to reduce the recorded premium is determined as the difference between the payment due and the calculated interest at the effective interest rate of the underlying carry amount of the associated note. During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company made contractual interest payments of $143 million and $45 million, respectively, related to the 2022 Secured Notes, of which $127 million and $39 million, respectively, was recorded as a reduction of the premium.
The following table presents the future scheduled contractual interest payments of our 11.00% First Lien Secured Notes due 2028 and 14.00% Second Lien Secured Notes due 2030 (together, the “2022 Remaining Secured Notes”). Contractual interest payments of the 2022 Remaining Secured Notes will be allocated to the reduction of the recorded premium and interest expense as presented below. The amount of interest which reduces the recorded premium will be reported as a financing activity in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The 9.00% Intermediate Holdco Senior Secured Notes have not been included in the table below as they were refinanced as part of the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions. The accounting conclusions regarding the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions have not been finalized and therefore it is possible that additional premiums may be recorded in connection with certain of the debt issued as part of this refinancing.

(in millions) |  | Remainder of 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2027 |  | 2028 |  | 2029 |  | 2030 |  | Total
Interest payments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
11.00% First Lien Secured Notes due 2028 |  | $ | 98 |  |  | $ | 195 |  |  | $ | 195 |  |  | $ | 195 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 683 |
14.00% Second Lien Secured Notes due 2030 |  | 49 |  |  | 49 |  | 49 |  | 49 |  | 49 |  | 50 |  | 295 |
|  | $ | 147 |  |  | $ | 244 |  |  | $ | 244 |  |  | $ | 244 |  |  | $ | 49 |  |  | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | 978 |
Interest payments recorded as: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense |  | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | 24 |  |  | $ | 22 |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 88 |
Reduction of recorded premium |  | 132 |  |  | 220 |  |  | 222 |  |  | 224 |  |  | 46 |  |  | 46 |  |  | 890 |
|  | $ | 147 |  |  | $ | 244 |  |  | $ | 244 |  |  | $ | 244 |  |  | $ | 49 |  |  | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | 978 |

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Senior Secured Notes
2032 Senior Secured Notes
The 2032 Senior Secured Notes are: (i) secured, subject to customary limitations, by a first priority lien on substantially all of the assets of the Issuer, including a pledge of 185,468,421 common shares of Bausch + Lomb owned by the Issuer (representing 52.5% of the outstanding common shares of Bausch + Lomb as of April 8, 2025) and (ii) jointly and severally guaranteed by (x) the Company and subsidiaries of the Company that guarantee the Existing Senior Notes (the “BHC Existing Note Guarantors”), with such guarantees secured by the assets of such guarantors, subject to customary limitations, by a first-priority lien that ranks pari passu with the liens securing the Company’s Existing Senior Secured Notes and the 2025 Credit Agreement and (y) certain subsidiaries of the Company that do not guarantee the Company’s Existing Senior Notes (the “NumberCo Note Guarantors” and, together with the BHC Existing Note Guarantors, the “Note Guarantors”), with such guarantees secured by the assets of the NumberCo Note Guarantors (including the Bausch + Lomb Share Collateral) and the assets of the BHC Existing Note Guarantors, subject to customary limitations, by a first-priority lien that ranks pari passu with the liens securing the 2025 Credit Agreement.
The 2032 Senior Secured Notes are redeemable at the option of the Issuer, in whole or in part, at any time on or after April 15, 2028, at the redemption prices set forth in the indenture that governs the 2032 Senior Secured Notes. Prior to April 15, 2028, the Issuer may redeem all or a portion of the 2032 Senior Secured Notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the date of redemption, plus a “make-whole” premium.
The 2032 Senior Secured Notes are subject to mandatory redemption upon (i) the receipt of net cash proceeds from the sale of Bausch + Lomb Share Collateral, (ii) the receipt of any dividends, distributions or other amounts on account of such Bausch + Lomb Share Collateral in excess of $50 million or (iii) the receipt of funds from any repayment of principal on certain intercompany obligations.
Upon the occurrence of a change of control (as defined in the indenture that governs the 2032 Senior Secured Notes), holders of 2032 Senior Secured Notes may require the Issuer to repurchase such holder’s 2032 Senior Secured Notes, in whole or in part, at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the purchase date applicable to the 2032 Senior Secured Notes.
Existing Senior Secured Notes
Senior secured notes issued prior to 2025 (the “Existing Senior Secured Notes”) are guaranteed by all of the Company’s subsidiaries that are BHC Existing Note Guarantors (together, the “BHC Existing Guarantors”). The Issuer and its direct parent, 153NumberCo are non-guarantor restricted subsidiaries with respect to the Company’s Existing Senior Secured Notes.
The Existing Senior Secured Notes and the applicable guarantees rank equally in right of repayment with all of the Company’s and the BHC Existing Guarantors’ respective existing and future unsubordinated indebtedness and senior to the Company’s and the BHC Existing Guarantors’ respective future subordinated indebtedness. The Existing Senior Secured Notes and the applicable guarantees related thereto are effectively pari passu with the Company’s and the BHC Existing Guarantors’ respective existing and future indebtedness secured by a first priority lien on the collateral securing the Existing Senior Secured Notes and effectively senior to the Company’s and the BHC Existing Guarantors’ respective existing and future indebtedness that is unsecured, including the existing senior unsecured notes (the “Senior Unsecured Notes”), or that is secured by junior liens, in each case to the extent of the value of the collateral that secures the Existing Senior Secured Notes. In addition, the Existing Senior Secured Notes are structurally subordinated to: (i) all liabilities of any of the Company’s subsidiaries that do not guarantee the Existing Senior Secured Notes (including 153NumberCo and its subsidiaries, including the Issuer) and (ii) any of the Company’s debt that is secured by assets that are not collateral (including the common shares of Bausch + Lomb owned by the Issuer).
Upon the occurrence of a change in control (as defined in the indentures that govern the Existing Senior Secured Notes), holders of the Existing Senior Secured Notes may require the Company to repurchase such holder’s Existing Senior Secured Notes, in whole or in part, at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the purchase date applicable to the Existing Senior Secured Notes.
Senior Unsecured Notes
The Senior Unsecured Notes (as defined in Note 10, “FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements) issued by the Company are the Company’s senior unsecured obligations and are jointly and severally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by each of its subsidiaries that is a guarantor under the 2022 Amended Credit Agreement (as defined in Note 10, “FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements). The Senior Unsecured Notes issued by BHA are senior unsecured
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obligations of BHA and are jointly and severally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by the Company and each of its subsidiaries (other than BHA) that is a guarantor under the 2022 Amended Credit Agreement. Future subsidiaries of the Company and BHA, if any, may be required to guarantee the Senior Unsecured Notes. In connection with the closing of the B+L IPO, the discharge of the April 2025 Unsecured Notes Indenture and the related release under the 2022 Amended Credit Agreement, the guarantees and related security provided by Bausch + Lomb and its subsidiaries in respect of the Existing Senior Notes (as defined in Note 10, “FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements) of the Company and BHA were released. On a non-consolidated basis, the non-guarantor subsidiaries under the indentures that govern the Company’s Existing Senior Notes had total assets of $16,289 million and total liabilities of $9,031 million as of March 31, 2025, and revenues of $1,320 million and operating loss of $87 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Upon the occurrence of a change in control (as defined in the indentures that govern the Senior Unsecured Notes), holders of the Senior Unsecured Notes may require the Company or BHA, as applicable, to repurchase such holder’s Senior Unsecured Notes, in whole or in part, at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the purchase date applicable to the Senior Unsecured Notes.
Accounts Receivable Credit Facility
On June 30, 2023, we entered into the AR Credit Facility with certain third-party lenders, providing for a non-recourse financing facility collateralized by certain of the Company’s accounts receivable. The AR Facility Agreement (as defined in Note 10, “FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements) provides for an up to $600 million facility, subject to certain borrowing base tests. Under the AR Credit Facility, a special purpose entity, as borrower (the “Borrower”) purchases accounts receivable, originated by a wholly-owned subsidiary of Bausch Health, which collateralize borrowings under the AR Credit Facility. The Borrower is a bankruptcy remote entity that is unrestricted under the Company’s debt covenants, and which is consolidated by the Company.
Borrowings under the AR Credit Facility are in U.S. dollars and bear interest at a rate per annum equal to, the sum of the one month term SOFR plus 6.65%. The Company is required to pay commitment fees of 0.75% multiplied by the lesser of: (i) the unfunded portion of the lenders’ commitments or (ii) 50% of the total lenders’ commitments.
See Note 10, “FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.
Availability Under Revolving Credit Facilities
As of April 30, 2025, there were no outstanding borrowings, $24 million of issued and outstanding letters of credit and approximately $476 million of remaining availability under the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility.
As of April 30, 2025, we have $300 million of outstanding borrowings, in the aggregate under the AR Credit Facility, and the AR Facility Agreement provides for up to an additional $300 million of availability, subject to certain borrowing base tests.
As of April 30, 2025, there were $230 million of outstanding borrowings, $36 million of issued and outstanding letters of credit and $234 million of remaining availability under the B+L Revolving Credit Facility. Absent the payment of a dividend, which would be determined by the Board of Directors of Bausch + Lomb and paid pro rata to Bausch + Lomb’s shareholders, proceeds from the B+L Revolving Credit Facility are not available to fund the operations, investing and financing activities of any other subsidiaries of Bausch Health.
Covenant Compliance
The Company, based on its current forecast, expects to remain in compliance with the financial maintenance covenants related to the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility and to meet its debt service obligations for at least the twelve months following the date of issuance of this Form 10-Q.
Any inability to comply with the covenants under the terms of our 2025 Credit Agreement, Senior Secured Notes indentures or Senior Unsecured Notes indentures could lead to a default or an event of default for which we may need to seek relief from our lenders and noteholders in order to waive the associated default or event of default and avoid a potential acceleration of the related indebtedness or cross-default or cross-acceleration to other debt. There can be no assurance that we would be able to obtain such relief on commercially reasonable terms or otherwise and we may be required to incur significant additional costs. In addition, the lenders under our 2025 Credit Agreement, holders of our Senior Secured Notes and holders of our Senior Unsecured Notes may impose additional operating and financial restrictions on us as a condition to granting any such waiver.
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The Company continues to take steps to seek to improve its operating results to ensure continual compliance with its financial maintenance covenant and take other actions to reduce its debt levels to align with the Company’s long-term strategy. The Company may consider taking other actions, including divesting other businesses, refinancing debt, issuing equity or equity-linked securities, and the monetization of a portion of its holdings of Bausch + Lomb, as deemed appropriate, to provide additional coverage in complying with the financial maintenance covenant and meeting its debt service obligations.
As of March 31, 2025, Bausch + Lomb was in compliance with the financial and other covenants related to its debt obligations, and, based on its current forecast for the twelve months from the date of issuance of this Form 10-Q, expects to remain in compliance with its financial covenants and meet its debt service obligations over that same period. However, as discussed in the “Forward-Looking Statements” section of this Form 10-Q, there can be no assurance of Bausch + Lomb’s ability to comply with, or if necessary, obtain a waiver or amendment of, the financial and other covenants contained in the B+L Amended Credit Agreement.
Weighted Average Interest Rate
The accounting for the 2022 Exchange results in the 2022 Secured Notes being carried at a premium relative to their principal amount and will result in no interest expense to be recorded in our financial statements for a significant portion of the 2022 Secured Notes. Therefore, interest expense recorded in our financial statements will differ significantly from the contractual interest rates of our debt. As of March 31, 2025, the weighted average interest rate of our debt as reported in our financial statements was 6.21% and the weighted average stated rate of interest was 7.71%.
Focus on Capitalization of the Post-separation Entities
In connection with the B+L Separation, we have emphasized that it is important that the post-separation entities be appropriately capitalized, with appropriate leverage and with access to additional capital, if and when needed, to provide each entity with the ability to independently allocate capital to areas that will strengthen their own competitive positions in their respective lines of business and position each entity for sustainable growth. Therefore, we see the appropriate capitalization and leverage of these businesses post-separation as a key to bringing out additional value across our portfolio of assets and it continues to be a primary objective of our plan of separation.
Credit Rating
As of April 30, 2025, the credit ratings and outlook from Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s and Fitch for certain outstanding obligations of the Company were as follows:

|  | Bausch Health Companies Inc. |  | Bausch + Lomb Corporation
Rating Agency |  | Corporate Rating |  | Senior Secured Rating |  | Senior Unsecured Rating |  | Outlook |  | Corporate Rating |  | Senior Secured Rating |  | Outlook
Moody’s |  | Caa2 |  | Caa1 |  | Ca |  | Stable |  | B1 |  | B1 |  | Stable
Standard & Poor’s |  | B- |  | B- |  | CCC+ |  | Negative |  | B |  | B |  | Developing
Fitch |  | CCC+ |  | B |  | CC |  | No Outlook |  | B |  | BB |  | Rating Watch Evolving

Bausch Health Companies Inc. - On March 19, 2025, Standard & Poor’s raised its corporate rating to B- from CCC+ and senior unsecured rating to CCC+ from CCC. On April 17, 2025, Fitch raised its corporate rating to CCC+ from CCC and senior unsecured rating to CC from C following the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions which addressed our upcoming debt maturities.
Bausch + Lomb - On March 19, 2025, Standard & Poor’s upgraded its ratings assigned to Bausch + Lomb’s Corporate Rating from B- to B, its Senior Secured Rating from B- to B and changed its outlook from Positive to Developing. On March 20, 2025, Moody’s initiated a rating assigned to Bausch + Lomb’s Corporate Rating of B1. On April 17, 2025, Fitch upgraded its ratings assigned to Bausch + Lomb’s Corporate Rating from B- to B and its Senior Secured Rating from BB- to BB.
Any downgrade in our corporate credit ratings or other credit ratings may increase our cost of borrowing and may negatively impact our ability to raise additional debt capital.
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OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS AND CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
We have no off-balance sheet arrangements that have a material current effect or that are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our results of operations, financial condition, capital expenditures, liquidity or capital resources.
A substantial portion of our cash requirements for the remainder of 2025 are for debt service. Our other future cash requirements relate to working capital, capital expenditures, business development transactions (contingent consideration), restructuring, integration, separation costs, benefit obligations and litigation settlements. In addition, we may use cash to enter into licensing arrangements and/or to make strategic acquisitions. We are considering further acquisition opportunities within our core therapeutic areas, some of which could be sizable.
In addition to our working capital requirements, as of March 31, 2025, we expect our primary cash requirements during the remainder of 2025 to include:
•Debt repayments and interest payments—After giving effect to the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions, we anticipate making mandatory maturities and amortization payments of approximately $45 million and interest payments of approximately of $1,225 million during the period April 1, 2025 through December 31, 2025. We have and, in the future, may also elect to make additional principal payments under certain circumstances. Further, in the ordinary course of business, we may borrow and repay additional amounts under our credit facilities using cash on hand, cash from operations and cash provided from other financing or refinancing actions, including the sale of equity or equity-linked securities, additional debt financings, and the monetization of a portion of our holdings of Bausch + Lomb;
•Capital expenditures—We expect to make payments of approximately $225 million for property, plant and equipment during the period April 1, 2025 through December 31, 2025; and
•Contingent consideration and milestone payments—We expect to make contingent consideration and milestone payments of approximately $33 million during the period April 1, 2025 through December 31, 2025.
Future Costs of B+L Separation
The Company has incurred costs associated with activities to complete the B+L Separation and will continue to incur costs associated with the B+L Separation. These activities include the costs of separating the Bausch + Lomb business from the remainder of the Company. Separation costs are incremental costs directly related to the B+L Separation and include, but are not limited to, legal, audit and advisory fees. The Company has also incurred, and will incur, separation-related costs which are incremental costs indirectly related to the B+L Separation. These costs include, but are not limited to: (i) rebranding costs and (ii) costs associated with facility relocation and/or modification. The extent and timing of future charges for these costs cannot be reasonably estimated at this time and could be material.
Litigation Payments
In the ordinary course of business, the Company is involved in litigation, claims, government inquiries, investigations, charges and proceedings. As of March 31, 2025, the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet includes accrued loss contingencies of $310 million related to matters which are both probable and reasonably estimable, however, a reliable estimate of the period in which the remaining loss contingencies will be payable, if ever, cannot be made. Our ability to successfully defend the Company against pending and future litigation may impact future cash flows.
See Note 17, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.
Future Cost Savings Programs
We continue to evaluate opportunities to improve our operating results and may initiate additional cost savings programs to streamline our operations and eliminate redundant processes and expenses. These cost savings programs may include, but are not limited to: (i) reducing headcount, (ii) eliminating real estate costs associated with unused or under-utilized facilities and (iii) implementing contribution margin improvement and other cost reduction initiatives. The expenses associated with the implementation of these cost savings programs could be material and may impact our cash flows.
Future Licensing Payments
In the ordinary course of business, the Company may enter into select licensing and collaborative agreements for the commercialization and/or development of unique products primarily in the U.S. and Canada. In connection with these agreements, the Company may pay an upfront fee to secure the agreement. See Note 4, “LICENSING AGREEMENTS AND
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ACQUISITIONS” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Payments associated with the upfront fee for these agreements cannot be reasonably estimated at this time and could be material.
Future Repurchases of Debt
The Company regularly evaluates market conditions, its liquidity profile, and various financing alternatives for opportunities to enhance its capital structure. If opportunities are favorable, we may, from time to time, purchase outstanding debt for cash in open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, future liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors.
There have been no other material changes to the contractual obligations disclosed in Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC and the CSA on February 19, 2025.
OUTSTANDING SHARE DATA
Our common shares trade on the New York Stock Exchange and the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol “BHC”.
At April 25, 2025, we had 369,550,086 issued and outstanding common shares. In addition, as of April 25, 2025, we had outstanding 6,132,476 stock options and 11,655,871 time-based restricted share units that each represent the right of a holder to receive one of the Company’s common shares, and 3,857,951 performance-based restricted share units that represent the right of a holder to receive a number of the Company’s common shares up to a specified maximum. A maximum of 7,519,597 common shares could be issued upon vesting of the performance-based restricted share units outstanding.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
Critical accounting policies and estimates are those policies and estimates that are most important and material to the preparation of our financial statements, and which require management’s most subjective and complex judgment due to the need to select policies from among alternatives available, and to make estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain. Management has reassessed the critical accounting policies and estimates as disclosed in Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC and the CSA on February 19, 2025, and determined that there were no significant changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Interim Goodwill Assessment
No events occurred or circumstances changed during the three months ended March 31, 2025, that indicated that the fair value of any reporting unit might be below its respective carrying value. However, as a result of certain market conditions, macroeconomic factors and other business specific related factors that existed in 2024, the Company continues to monitor changes in the facts and circumstances which may impact the fair value of its Dermatology and Generics reporting units. I f market conditions deteriorate, or if the Company is unable to execute its strategies, it may be necessary to record impairment charges in the future and any such charges could be material.
See Note 8, “INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further details related to goodwill.
NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
None.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Caution regarding forward-looking information and statements and “Safe-Harbor” statements under the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and applicable Canadian securities laws:
To the extent any statements made in this Form 10-Q contain information that is not historical, these statements are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and may be forward-looking information within the meaning defined under applicable Canadian securities laws (collectively, “forward-looking statements”).
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These forward-looking statements relate to, among other things: our business strategy, business plans and prospects and forecasts and changes thereto; product pipeline, prospective products and product approvals, expected launches of new products, product development and future performance and results of current and anticipated products; anticipated revenues for our products; expected R&D and marketing spend; our expected primary cash and working capital requirements for this fiscal year and beyond; the Company’s plans for continued improvement in operational efficiency and the anticipated impact of such plans; our liquidity and our ability to satisfy our debt maturities as they become due; our ability to reduce debt levels; our ability to comply with the financial and other covenants contained in the 2025 Credit Agreement, senior notes indentures and the AR Facility Agreement; the ability of our subsidiary, Bausch + Lomb, to comply with the financial and other covenants contained in the B+L Senior Secured Credit Facilities and the B+L Secured Notes; the recent voluntary recall of certain of Bausch + Lomb’s enVista IOL products and the expected impact of such recall on the Bausch + Lomb business and the anticipated timing of market re-entry and return to full market supply in the U.S. and other countries; the potential actions the Company may take to help mitigate the impact of the tariffs, counter-tariffs and other trade restrictions and the success of such actions; the expected impact of the tariffs imposed by the U.S. and counter-tariffs or other retaliatory measures imposed on the U.S. by other countries and disruptions to global supply chains and other potential results as a result of these developments; expected risks of loss of patent or regulatory exclusivity; the impact of our distribution, fulfillment and other third-party arrangements; proposed pricing actions; exposure to foreign currency exchange rate changes and interest rate changes; the outcome of contingencies, such as litigation, subpoenas, investigations, reviews, audits and regulatory proceedings; the anticipated impact of the adoption of new accounting standards; general market conditions; our expectations regarding our financial performance, including revenues, expenses, gross margins and income taxes; our impairment assessments, including the assumptions used therein and the results thereof; the potential impacts of proposed health care reform measures; the anticipated effect of current market conditions and recessionary pressures in one or more of our markets; the anticipated effect of macroeconomic factors, including inflation and fluctuation in exchange rates and interest rates as a result of imposition of tariff and other trade protection measures; the anticipated impact from the ongoing conflicts between Russia and Ukraine and between Israel, Hamas and other countries and militant groups in the region; and the Company’s plan to separate its eye health business, including the costs, structure and timing of completing such separation transaction.
Forward-looking statements can generally be identified by the use of words such as “believe”, “anticipate”, “expect”, “intend”, “estimate”, “plan”, “continue”, “will”, “may”, “could”, “would”, “should”, “target”, “potential”, “opportunity”, “designed”, “create”, “predict”, “project”, “forecast”, “seek”, “strive”, “ongoing”, “likely”, “evolve”, “decrease” or “increase” and variations or other similar expressions. In addition, any statements that refer to expectations, intentions, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements may not be appropriate for other purposes. All of the statements in this Form 10-Q that contain forward-looking statements are qualified by these cautionary statements. These statements are based upon the current expectations and beliefs of management. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, such statements involve risks and uncertainties, and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements. Certain material factors or assumptions are applied in making such forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, factors and assumptions regarding the items previously outlined, those factors, risks and uncertainties outlined below and the assumption that none of these factors, risks and uncertainties will cause actual results or events to differ materially from those described in such forward-looking statements. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in such statements. Important factors, risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from these expectations include, among other things, the following:
•the impact of economic conditions and other macroeconomic factors, including heightened inflation and interest rates, slower growth or a potential recession, which could adversely impact our revenues, expenses and resulting margins;
•the effect of current market conditions and recessionary pressures in one or more of our markets;
•ongoing litigation and potential additional litigation, claims, challenges and/or regulatory investigations challenging or otherwise relating to the B+L IPO and the B+L Separation and the costs, expenses, use of resources, diversion of management time and efforts, liability and damages that may result therefrom;
•with respect to the B+L Separation, the risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the structure of the B+L Separation, the expected benefits and costs of the B+L Separation, the expected timing of completion of the B+L Separation and its manner and terms, the Company’s ability to complete the B+L Separation considering the various conditions to the completion of the B+L Separation (some of which are outside the Company’s control, including conditions related to regulatory matters and applicable shareholder and stock exchange approvals), that market or other conditions are no longer favorable to completing the B+L Separation, that a portion of Bausch Health’s ownership of Bausch + Lomb is pledged as collateral securing the 2025 Credit Agreement and the 2032 Senior Secured Notes, that the Xifaxan® Generics Litigation (see “Xifaxan® Paragraph IV Proceedings” of Note 17,
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“LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements) may affect the timing of, or our ability to complete the B+L Separation, that applicable shareholder, stock exchange, regulatory or other approvals are not obtained on the terms or timelines anticipated or at all, business disruption during the pendency of, or following, the B+L Separation, diversion of management time on separation transaction-related issues, retention of existing management team members, the reaction of customers and other parties to the separation transaction, the qualification (if required based on the structure of any B+L Separation) of the separation transaction as a tax-free transaction for Canadian and/or U.S. federal income tax purposes (including whether or not an advance ruling from the Canada Revenue Agency and/or the Internal Revenue Service will be sought or obtained), the ability (if required based on the structure of any B+L Separation) of the Company and the separated entity to satisfy the conditions required to maintain the tax-free status of the B+L Separation (some of which are beyond their control), limitations on the Company’s ability to sell a portion of the Company’s interest in Bausch + Lomb in order to maintain (if required based on the structure of any B+L Separation) the tax-free status of the B+L Separation (including due to dilution from B+L’s issuance of share-based compensation awards), other potential tax or other liabilities that may arise as a result of the B+L Separation, the potential dissynergy costs resulting from the B+L Separation, the impact of the B+L Separation on relationships with customers, suppliers, employees and other business counterparties, general economic conditions, conditions in the markets the Company is engaged in, behavior of customers, suppliers and competitors, technological developments, as well as legal and regulatory rules affecting the Company’s business. In particular, the Company can offer no assurance that any B+L Separation will occur at all, or that any such transaction will occur on the timelines anticipated by the Company;
•the challenges the Company faces as a result of the closing of the B+L IPO, including any potential, actual or perceived conflict of interest of some of our directors and officers because of their equity ownership in Bausch + Lomb and/or because they also serve as directors or officers of Bausch + Lomb and our ability to timely consolidate the financial results of the Bausch + Lomb business;
•the expense, timing and outcome of legal and governmental proceedings, investigations and information requests relating to, among other matters, our past distribution, marketing, pricing, disclosure and accounting practices (including with respect to our former relationship with Philidor Rx Services, LLC), including a number of pending non-class securities litigations (including certain pending opt-out actions in the U.S. related to the previously settled securities class action and certain opt-out actions in Canada relating to the previously settled class action in Canada), certain pending lawsuits and other claims, investigations or proceedings that may be initiated or that may be asserted;
•the past and ongoing scrutiny of our legacy business practices, including with respect to pricing, and any pricing controls or price adjustments that may be sought or imposed on our products as a result thereof;
•ongoing or potential legal and governmental proceedings that are uncertain, costly and time-consuming and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities to decline;
•pricing decisions that we have implemented, or may in the future elect to implement, such as the Patient Access and Pricing Committee’s historic practice of limiting the average annual price increase for our branded prescription pharmaceutical products to single digits, or any future pricing actions we may take in 2024 or beyond following review by our Patient Access and Pricing Committee (which is responsible for the pricing of our drugs);
•legislative or policy efforts, including those that may be introduced and passed by the U.S. Congress, designed to reduce patient out-of-pocket costs for medicines, which could result in new mandatory rebates and discounts or other pricing restrictions, controls or regulations (including mandatory price reductions);
•ongoing oversight and review of our products and facilities by regulatory and governmental agencies, including periodic audits by the FDA and equivalent agencies outside of the U.S. and the results thereof;
•actions, including inspections, by the FDA or other regulatory authorities with respect to our products or facilities;
•compliance with the legal and regulatory requirements of our marketed drugs and other products, including our dietary products;
•our substantial debt (and potential additional future indebtedness) and current and future debt service obligations, our ability to reduce our outstanding debt levels and the resulting impact on our financial condition, cash flows and results of operations;
•our ability to comply with the financial and other covenants contained in our senior notes indentures, the 2025 Credit Agreement, the AR Credit Facility and other current or future credit and/or debt agreements or amendments
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thereto, including the ability of Bausch + Lomb to comply with or, if necessary, obtain a waiver or amendment of, the financial and other covenants and obligations under the B+L Senior Secured Credit Facilities and the B+L Secured Notes, restrictions and prohibitions such covenants impose or may impose on the way we conduct our business, including prohibitions on incurring additional debt if certain financial covenants are not met, limitations on the amount of additional obligations we are able to incur pursuant to other covenants, our ability to draw under our 2030 Revolving Credit Facility, Bausch + Lomb’s ability to draw down under the revolving credit facility under the B+L Credit Agreement and restrictions on our ability to make certain investments and other restricted payments;
•any default under the terms of our senior notes indentures or the 2025 Credit Agreement (and other current or future credit and/or debt agreements or amendments thereto) or under the terms of B+L’s Senior Secured Credit Facilities and the B+L Secured Notes, and our ability or Bausch + Lomb’s ability, if any, to cure or obtain waivers of such default;
•any downgrade or additional downgrade by rating agencies in our or Bausch + Lomb’s credit ratings, which may impact, among other things, our ability to raise debt and the cost of capital for additional debt issuances;
•our ability to generate cash in order to service our debt;
•any reductions in, or changes in the assumptions used in, our forecasts for fiscal year 2025 or beyond, including as a result of current market and economic conditions in one or more of our markets, which could lead to, among other things: (i) a failure to meet the financial and/or other covenants contained in the 2025 Credit Agreement, senior notes indentures and/or the B+L Credit Agreement (and other current or future credit and/or debt agreements) and/or (ii) impairment in the goodwill associated with certain of our reporting units or impairment charges related to certain of our products or other intangible assets, which impairments could be material;
•changes in the assumptions used in connection with our impairment analyses or assessments, which would lead to a change in such impairment analyses and assessments and which could result in an impairment in the goodwill associated with any of our reporting units or impairment charges related to certain of our products or other intangible assets;
•risks and uncertainties relating to Bausch + Lomb’s acquisitions and other business development transactions that they may pursue, seek to complete/or complete (such as the acquisition of XIIDRA® and certain other ophthalmology assets, and recent acquisitions of TearLab Corporation, d/b/a Trukera Medical, Elios Vision, Inc. and Whitecap Biosciences, LLC), including risks that Bausch + Lomb may not realize the expected benefits of such acquisitions and transactions on a timely basis or at all, risks that pipeline products acquired may not be commercialized as anticipated, and risks relating to any increased levels of debt as a result of debt incurred to finance certain of these acquisitions and transactions;
•the uncertainties associated with the acquisition and launch of new products, assets and businesses including, but not limited to, our ability to provide the time, resources, expertise and funds required for the commercial launch of new products, the acceptance and demand for new products, and the impact of competitive products and pricing, which could lead to material impairment charges;
•factors associated with Bausch + Lomb’s recent voluntary recall of certain of its enVista IOL products, including the timing of market reentry and return to full market supply, the success of the enhanced inspection protocols and more explicit standards for third-party suppliers that Bausch + Lomb has implemented for IOLs and any additional actions that may be taken by Bausch + Lomb and/or applicable regulatory authorities with respect to the recall or as part of the return to market of these products;
•our ability or inability to extend the profitable life of our products, including through line extensions and other life-cycle programs;
•our ability to retain, motivate and recruit executives and other key employees;
•our ability to implement effective succession planning for our executives and key employees;
•factors impacting our ability to achieve anticipated revenues for our products, including changes in anticipated marketing spend on such products and launch of competing products;
•factors impacting our ability to achieve anticipated market acceptance for our products, including acceptance of the pricing, effectiveness of promotional efforts, reputation of our products and launch of competing products;
•the challenges and difficulties associated with managing a large complex business;
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•our ability to compete against companies that are larger and have greater financial, technical and human resources than we do, as well as other competitive factors, such as technological advances achieved, patents obtained and new products introduced by our competitors;
•our ability to develop or acquire more effective or less costly pharmaceutical or OTC products or medical devices than our competitors;
•our ability to effectively operate and grow our businesses in light of the challenges that the Company has faced and market conditions, including with respect to its substantial debt, pending investigations and legal proceedings, scrutiny of our past pricing and other practices, limitations on the way we conduct business imposed by the covenants contained in our 2025 Credit Agreement, AR Facility Agreement, the B+L Senior Secured Credit Facilities, our senior notes indentures, the senior notes indenture of Bausch + Lomb and the agreements that govern our other indebtedness;
•the extent to which our products are reimbursed by government authorities, pharmacy benefit managers (“PBMs”) and other third-party payors; the impact our distribution, pricing and other practices may have on the decisions of such government authorities, PBMs and other third-party payors to reimburse our products; the impact of obtaining or maintaining such reimbursement on the price and sales of our products; and the launch and implementation of any new pharma-care or dental-care program or related spending by the Canadian federal government;
•the inclusion of our products on formularies or our ability to achieve favorable formulary status, as well as the impact on the price and sales of our products in connection therewith;
•the consolidation of wholesalers, retail drug chains and other customer groups and the impact of such industry consolidation on our business;
•the impact of pricing controls, social or governmental pressure to lower the cost of drugs, such as legislation including the IRA and the selection in January 2025 by Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services of Xifaxan® for the second round of negotiation under the drug price negotiation program for initial price applicability in 2027;
•our ability to maintain strong relationships with physicians and other healthcare professionals;
•our ability to maintain and provide appropriate training in our products to our health care providers;
•our eligibility for benefits under tax treaties and the availability of low effective tax rates for the business profits of certain of our subsidiaries;
•the implementation of the OECD’s Inclusive Framework, including the global minimum corporate tax rate, by the countries in which we operate;
•the outcome of any audits by taxation authorities, which outcomes may differ from the estimates and assumptions that we may use in determining our consolidated tax provisions and accruals;
•the actions of our third-party partners or service providers of research, development, manufacturing, marketing, distribution or other services, including their compliance with applicable laws and contracts, which actions may be beyond our control or influence, and the impact of such actions on our Company;
•the risks associated with the international scope of our operations, including our presence in emerging markets and the challenges we face when entering and operating in new and different geographic markets (including the challenges created by new and different regulatory regimes in such countries and the need to comply with applicable anti-bribery and economic sanctions laws and regulations);
•adverse global economic conditions, including rates of inflation, and credit markets and foreign currency exchange uncertainty and volatility in certain of the countries in which we do business;
•the impact of the conflict in the Middle East involving Israel, Hamas and other countries and militant groups in the region, including its potential continued escalation and expansion and the potential impact on our operations, sale of products and revenues in this region;
•risks associated with the imposition of and adverse changes to the U.S. duty, tariff and other trading policies, and the counter-duties, counter-tariffs and/or other counter-measures implemented in response by other countries, which could increase our manufacturing, distribution and other operational costs due to the higher duties and tariffs and the increased economic risks and uncertainties to the global economy as a result of such tariffs and counter-tariffs and the potential trade wars and global supply chain issues that may be triggered by the tariff changes and changes in consumer habits as well;
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•trade conflicts, including any current and potential future trade disputes between the between the U.S. and other countries, including China, Canada and the EU;
•the impact of the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the export controls, sanctions and other restrictive actions that have been or may be imposed by the U.S., Canada, the EU and other countries against governmental and other entities in Russia, Belarus and parts of Ukraine, including potential impact on sales, earnings, market conditions and the ability of the Company to manage its resources and operations in Russia;
•our ability to obtain, maintain and license sufficient intellectual property rights over our products and enforce and defend against challenges to such intellectual property (such as in connection with the Xifaxan® Generics Litigation) and related litigation on, among other things, our business results, financial results, and the B+L Separation;
•the fact that a substantial amount of our revenue is derived from the Xifaxan® product line, and that we may be materially impacted by the entry of a generic rifaximin product earlier than January 2028, including the risk of a competitor launching a generic rifaximin at risk prior to a final unappealable decision;
•the introduction of generic, biosimilar or other competitors of our branded products and other products, including the introduction of products that compete against our products that do not have patent or data exclusivity rights;
•the impact on our revenues and profits from generic products as a result of changes to regulatory policy;
•our ability to identify, finance, acquire, close and integrate acquisition targets successfully and on a timely basis and the difficulties, challenges, time and resources associated with the integration of acquired companies, businesses and products;
•any divestitures of our assets or businesses and our ability to successfully complete any such divestitures on commercially reasonable terms and on a timely basis, or at all, and the impact of any such divestitures on our Company, including the reduction in the size or scope of our business or market share, loss of revenue, any loss on sale, including any resultant impairments of goodwill or other assets, or any adverse tax consequences suffered as a result of any such divestitures;
•the expense, timing and outcome of pending or future legal and governmental proceedings, arbitrations, investigations, subpoenas, tax and other regulatory audits, examinations, reviews and regulatory proceedings against us or relating to us and settlements thereof;
•our ability to negotiate the terms of or obtain court approval for the settlement of certain legal and regulatory proceedings;
•our ability to obtain components, raw materials or finished products supplied by third parties (some of which may be single-sourced) and other manufacturing and related supply difficulties, interruptions and delays;
•the effect of changes in inventory levels or fluctuations in buying patterns by our large distributor and retail customers;
•the disruption of delivery of our products and the routine flow of manufactured goods;
•economic factors over which the Company has no control, including inflationary pressures as a result of heightened domestic and global inflation, trade policies, or other factors, heightened interest rates, foreign currency rates, and the potential effect of such factors on revenues, expenses and resulting margins;
•interest rate risks associated with our floating rate debt borrowings;
•our ability to effectively distribute our products and the effectiveness and success of our distribution arrangements;
•our ability to effectively promote our own products and those of our co-promotion partners;
•the success of our fulfillment arrangements with Walgreen Co. and our dermatology cash-pay prescription program, including market acceptance of, or market reaction to, such arrangements (including by customers, doctors, patients, PBMs, third-party payors and governmental agencies), and the continued compliance of such arrangements with applicable laws;
•our ability to secure and maintain third-party research, development, manufacturing, licensing, marketing or distribution arrangements;
•the risk that our products could cause, or be alleged to cause, personal injury and adverse effects, leading to potential lawsuits, product liability claims and damages and/or recalls or withdrawals of products from the market;
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•the mandatory or voluntary recall or withdrawal of our products from the market and the costs and potential other impacts associated therewith;
•the availability of, and our ability to obtain and maintain, adequate insurance coverage and/or our ability to cover or insure against the total amount of the claims and liabilities we face, whether through third-party insurance or self-insurance;
•our indemnity agreements, which may result in an obligation to indemnify or reimburse the relevant counterparty, which amounts may be material;
•the difficulty in predicting the expense, timing and outcome within our legal and regulatory environment, including with respect to approvals by the FDA, Health Canada, EMA and similar agencies in other countries, legal and regulatory proceedings and settlements thereof, the protection afforded by our patents and other intellectual and proprietary property, successful generic challenges to our products and infringement or alleged infringement of the intellectual property of others;
•the results of continuing safety and efficacy studies by industry and government agencies;
•the success of preclinical and clinical trials for our drug development pipeline or delays in clinical trials that adversely impact the timely commercialization of our pipeline products, as well as other factors impacting the commercial success of our products, which could lead to material impairment charges;
•uncertainties around the successful improvement and modification of our existing products and development of new products, which may require significant expenditures and efforts;
•the results of management reviews of our research and development portfolio (including following the receipt of clinical results or feedback from the FDA or other regulatory authorities), which could result in terminations of specific projects which, in turn, could lead to material impairment charges;
•the seasonality of sales of certain of our products;
•declines in the pricing and sales volume of certain of our products that are distributed or marketed by third parties, over which we have no or limited control;
•compliance by the Company or our third-party partners and service providers (over whom we may have limited influence), or the failure of our Company or these third parties to comply, with applicable laws and regulations, including health care “fraud and abuse” laws and other extensive regulation of our marketing, promotional and business practices (including with respect to pricing), worldwide anti-bribery laws (including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the Canadian Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act), worldwide economic sanctions and/or export laws, worldwide environmental laws and regulation and privacy and security regulations, and to prevail in any litigation related to noncompliance;
•the impacts of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 and any potential amendment thereof and other legislative and regulatory health care reforms in the countries in which we operate, including with respect to recent government inquiries on pricing;
•the impact of any changes in or reforms to the legislation, laws, rules, regulation and guidance that apply to the Company and its businesses and products or the enactment of any new or proposed legislation, laws, rules, regulations or guidance that will impact or apply to the Company or its businesses or products, and to the Company’s ability to sell its products profitably;
•the impact of changes in federal laws and policy that may be undertaken under the Trump administration;
•illegal distribution or sale of counterfeit versions of our products;
•the reduction of revenues in future fiscal periods due to our policies regarding returns, allowances, and chargebacks;
•the reduction of profits due to imports from countries where our products are available at lower prices;
•any plans for the Company’s aesthetic medical business;
•interruptions, breakdowns or breaches in our information technology systems;
•the impact of catastrophic events that may disrupt our business;
•risks associated with climate change;
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•our ability to maintain adequate internal controls and to provide an assertion as to the effectiveness of such controls on an annual basis;
•the potential adverse effect of shareholder activism;
•our ability to effectively monitor and respond to expectations regarding environmental, social and governance matters; and
•risks in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC and the CSA on February 19, 2025, risks in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of Part II of this Form 10-Q and risks detailed from time to time in our other filings with the SEC and the CSA, as well as our ability to anticipate and manage the risks associated with the foregoing.
Additional information about these factors and about the material factors or assumptions underlying such forward-looking statements may be found in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed on February 19, 2025, under Item 1A. “Risk Factors”, under Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of Part II of this Form 10-Q and in the Company’s other filings with the SEC and the CSA. When relying on our forward-looking statements to make decisions with respect to the Company, investors and others should carefully consider the foregoing factors and other uncertainties and potential events. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any of these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Form 10-Q or to reflect actual outcomes, except as required by law. We caution that, as it is not possible to predict or identify all relevant factors that may impact forward-looking statements, the foregoing list of important factors that may affect future results is not exhaustive and should not be considered a complete statement of all potential risks and uncertainties.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Other than as indicated below under “— Interest Rate Risk” and “— Inflation Risk”, there have been no material changes to our exposures to market risks as disclosed in Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC and the CSA on February 19, 2025.
Interest Rate Risk
As of March 31, 2025, we had $14,551 million and $5,938 million in outstanding aggregate principal amount of fixed rate debt and variable rate debt, respectively. The estimated fair value of our issued fixed rate debt as of March 31, 2025 was $12,921 million. If interest rates were to increase by 100 basis-points, the fair value of our issued fixed rate debt would decrease by approximately $215 million. If interest rates were to decrease by 100 basis-points, the fair value of our issued fixed rate debt would increase by approximately $218 million. We are subject to interest rate risk on our variable rate debt as changes in interest rates could adversely affect earnings and cash flows. A 100 basis-point increase in interest rates would have an annualized pre-tax effect of approximately $59 million in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Cash Flows, based on current outstanding borrowings and effective interest rates on our variable rate debt. While our variable-rate debt may impact earnings and cash flows as interest rates change, it is not subject to changes in fair value.
Inflation Risk
We are subject to price control restrictions on our pharmaceutical products in a number of countries in which we operate. As a result, our ability to raise prices in a timely fashion in anticipation of inflation may be limited in some markets.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2025. Based on this evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2025.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the three months ended March 31, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
For information concerning legal proceedings, reference is made to Note 17, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to the unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Other than the amended and restated risk factors and the additional risk factors set forth below, as of the date of this Form 10-Q there are no other material changes to the risk factors as disclosed in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC and the CSA on February 19, 2025.
Debt-related Risks
The 2025 Credit Agreement and the indentures governing our senior notes, including those issued in April 2025 by our subsidiary, 1261229 B.C. Ltd., impose restrictive covenants on us. Our failure to comply with these covenants could trigger events, which could result in the acceleration of the related debt, a cross-default or cross-acceleration to other debt, foreclosure upon any collateral securing the debt and termination of any commitments to lend, each of which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations and would cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities to decline and could lead to bankruptcy or liquidation.
The 2025 Credit Agreement and the various indentures governing our senior notes, including those issued in April 2025 by our subsidiary 1261229 B.C. Ltd., contain covenants that restrict the way we conduct business and require us to satisfy certain financial tests in order to incur debt or take other actions. For example, the 2030 Revolving Credit Facility, which is part of the 2025 Credit Agreement, contains financial maintenance covenants that requires us to maintain a certain financial ratio at each fiscal quarter end and to maintain minimum amount of liquidity at each fiscal quarter end following the occurrence of a specified triggering event.
The 2025 Credit Agreement contains a specified quarterly financial maintenance covenant (consisting of a blended first lien leverage ratio with a step-up to occur on or after a specified date as defined therein). We can make no assurance that we will be able to comply with the restrictive covenants contained in the 2025 Credit Agreement and indentures in the future. Based on our current forecast for the next twelve months from the date of issuance of this Form 10-Q, we expect to remain in compliance with this financial maintenance covenant and meet our debt obligations over that same period. In the event that we perform below our forecasted levels, we may implement certain additional cost-efficiency initiatives, such as rationalization of SG&A expenses and R&D spend, in order to allow us to continue to comply with the financial maintenance covenant. The Company may consider taking other actions, including divesting other businesses, refinancing debt, issuing equity or equity-linked securities, and the monetization of a portion of its holdings of common shares of Bausch + Lomb, as deemed appropriate, to provide additional coverage in complying with the financial maintenance covenant and meeting its debt service obligations, or may negotiate with the applicable lenders for an amendment or modification to such covenant, as deemed appropriate. However, we cannot guarantee that any of the above-noted actions would be effective in enabling us to maintain compliance with our financial maintenance covenant. If we perform below our forecasted levels and the actions referenced above are not effective, we would fail to comply with our financial maintenance covenant. In that instance, we would be in default, and our lenders would be permitted to accelerate our debt unless we could obtain an amendment. If our debt was accelerated, we would not have sufficient funds to repay our debt absent a refinancing, and we cannot provide assurance that we would be able to obtain such a refinancing.
In addition, the AR Facility Agreement contains affirmative and negative covenants applicable primarily to the borrower subsidiaries thereunder, including, among other things, restrictions on indebtedness, liens, investments, mergers, dispositions, dividends and other distributions, and engaging in any business other than as set forth in the AR Facility Agreement. Other debt instruments we may enter into in the future may contain additional restrictions and covenants.
Our inability to comply with the covenants in our debt instruments could lead to a default or an event of default under the terms thereof, for which we may need to seek relief from our lenders and noteholders in order to waive the associated default or event of default and avoid a potential acceleration of the related indebtedness or cross-default or cross-acceleration to other debt. There can be no assurance that we would be able to obtain such relief on commercially reasonable terms or otherwise and we may be required to incur significant additional costs. In addition, the lenders under the 2025 Credit Agreement and holders of our senior notes may impose additional operating and financial restrictions on us as a condition to granting any such waiver. If an event of default is not cured or is not otherwise waived, a majority of lenders in principal amount under the 2025 Credit Agreement or the trustee or holders of at least 25% in principal amount of a series of our senior notes may accelerate the maturity of the related debt under these agreements, foreclose upon any collateral securing the debt and terminate any commitments to lend, any of which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations and would cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities
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to decline. Furthermore, under these circumstances, we may not have sufficient funds or other resources to satisfy all of our obligations and we may be unable to obtain alternative financing on terms acceptable to us or at all. In such circumstances, we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation and, as a result, investors could lose all or a portion of their investment in our securities.
To service our debt, we will be required to generate a significant amount of cash. Our ability to generate cash depends on a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control, and any failure to meet our debt obligations would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities to decline.
We have a significant amount of indebtedness. For details regarding our debt and the maturity dates thereof, see Note 10, “FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS” to our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Following the April 2025 Refinancing Transactions, the maturities of our principal balances of debt obligations were as follows:

(in millions) |  | Remainder of 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2027 |  | 2028 |  | 2029 |  | 2030 |  | 2031 and 2032 |  | Total |
Total debt obligations |  | $ | 45 |  |  | $ | 672 |  |  | $ | 3,675 |  |  | $ | 6,199 |  |  | $ | 1,640 |  |  | $ | 3,995 |  |  | $ | 4,863 |  |  | $ | 21,089 |  |

Our ability to satisfy our debt obligations will depend principally upon our future operating performance, as well as our continuing efforts to improve our balance sheet. As a result, prevailing economic conditions and financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control, may affect our ability to make payments on our debt. If we do not generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt obligations, we may undertake alternative financing plans, such as refinancing or restructuring our consolidated indebtedness, issuing new debt instruments, divesting of assets or businesses, issuing equity or equity-linked securities, and the monetization of a portion of our holdings of common shares of Bausch + Lomb, reducing or delaying capital investments or seeking to raise additional capital. Alternatively, as we have done in the past, we may also elect to refinance certain of our debt, for example, to extend maturities. Our ability to restructure or refinance our debt will depend on the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. If we are unable to access the capital markets, whether because of the condition of those capital markets or our own financial condition or reputation within such capital markets, we may be unable to refinance our debt. In addition, any refinancing of our debt could be at higher interest rates and may require us to comply with more onerous covenants, which could further restrict our business operations. Further, given our capital structure, any refinancing of our senior unsecured debt may be with secured debt, thereby increasing our first lien and/or secured leverage ratios. Our inability to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt obligations or to refinance our obligations on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities to decline.
Repayment of our indebtedness is dependent on the generation of cash flow by our subsidiaries and their ability to make such cash available to us, by dividend, debt repayment or otherwise. Our subsidiaries may not be able to, or may not be permitted to, make distributions to enable us to make payments in respect of our indebtedness. Each subsidiary is a distinct legal entity and, under certain circumstances, legal and contractual restrictions may limit our ability to obtain cash from our subsidiaries. Certain subsidiaries include non-U.S. subsidiaries that may be prohibited by law or other regulations from distributing funds to us and/or we may be subject to payment of taxes and withholdings on such distributions. In the event that we do not receive distributions from our subsidiaries or receive cash via services rendered, loans and intellectual property licensed, we may be unable to make required principal and interest payments on our indebtedness.
Our ability to continue to reduce our indebtedness will depend upon factors including our future operating performance, our ability to access the capital markets to refinance existing debt and prevailing economic conditions and financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. We can provide no assurance of the amount by which we will reduce our debt, if at all. In addition, servicing our debt will result in a reduction in the amount of our cash flow available for other purposes, including operating costs and capital expenditures that could improve our competitive position and results of operations.
We are exposed to risks related to interest rates, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities to decline.
Our senior secured credit facilities bear interest based on a term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) or U.S. Prime Rate, or Federal Funds Effective Rate (for U.S. dollar loans) and Canadian Prime Rate or Canadian Overnight Repo Rate Average (“Term CORRA”) (for Canadian dollar loans). Thus, a change in the short-term interest rate environment (especially a material change) could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations (which adverse effect could be material) and could cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities to decline. As of March 31, 2025, we did not have any outstanding interest rate swap contracts.
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Risks Relating to the B+L Separation
The B+L Separation is subject to uncertainties, which could delay or prevent the completion of the B+L Separation, cause the B+L Separation to occur on terms or conditions that are different or less favorable than originally anticipated or affect our ability to realize some or all of the anticipated benefits of the B+L Separation.
Unanticipated developments and other challenges could delay or prevent the completion of the B+L Separation (including the Distribution, as defined above), result in changes to the anticipated structure of the B+L Separation (whether by way of “butterfly reorganization” rules in Section 55 of the Canadian Tax Act, return of capital or another form of sale or transfer of the Company’s ownership interest in Bausch +Lomb), cause the B+L Separation to occur on terms or conditions that are different or less favorable than originally anticipated or affect our ability to realize some or all of the anticipated benefits of the B+L Separation. Such developments and other challenges may include possible delays in obtaining any necessary shareholder, stock exchange, regulatory or other approval or the failure to obtain any such approvals, possible delays in obtaining any required tax opinions or rulings or the failure to obtain any such tax opinions or rulings, failure to satisfy conditions, complications arising from the portion of Bausch Health’s ownership of Bausch + Lomb that is pledged as collateral under certain of the Company’s indebtedness (as of April 8, 2025, the 2025 Credit Agreement and the 2032 Senior Secured Notes), negotiating challenges, the uncertainty of the financial markets, disruptions to business and commerce induced by changes in global markets, financial and economic conditions (such as international conflicts) and changes in the law.
The Company continues to evaluate the structure of the B+L Separation and other related details, and, subject to the terms of the Company’s agreements with Bausch + Lomb, the Company may consider undertaking the B+L Separation through one or more distributions effected as a dividend or a tax-free reduction of capital, one or more distributions in exchange for Bausch Health shares or other securities, any combination thereof or another form of sale or transfer of the Company’s ownership interest in Bausch +Lomb. Prior to the completion of any B+L Separation, the Company may also sell a portion of its remaining direct or indirect equity interest in Bausch + Lomb through an offering to third parties.
Further, our Board of Directors could decide, either because of a failure to satisfy conditions or because of market or other factors, to delay, abandon or alter the structure or manner and terms of the B+L Separation. Additionally, Bausch + Lomb may terminate the existing arrangement agreement between the Company and Bausch + Lomb in accordance with its terms. No assurance can be given as to whether and when the full B+L Separation will occur, on what terms or structure the B+L Separation will occur or whether the B+L Separation will achieve the benefits originally anticipated. As a result, there can be no assurance as to the timing of the completion of the B+L Separation or its structure or terms.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
There were no sales of equity securities by the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
None.
Item 5. Other Information
None.
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Item 6. Exhibits

4.1 | Indenture, dated as of April 8, 2025, by and among 1261229 B.C. Ltd., Bausch Health Companies Inc., the other guarantors party thereto, The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee and the notes collateral agents party thereto, originally filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 8, 2025, which is incorporated by reference herein.
4.2 | Form of Note (Included in Exhibit 4.1), originally filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 8, 2025, which is incorporated by reference herein.
4.3 | Shareholder Rights Plan Agreement, dated as of April 14, 2025, by and between Bausch Health Companies Inc. and TSX Trust Company, as rights agent (which includes the Form of Rights Certificate as Schedule A thereto) originally filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A, filed on April 15, 2025 (File No. 001-14956), which is incorporated by reference herein.
10.1 | Credit Agreement, dated as of April 8, 2025, by and among 1261229 B.C. Ltd., 1530065 B.C. Ltd., Bausch Health Companies Inc., the subsidiary guarantors party thereto, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and other certain financial institutions, as agents and/or lenders, originally filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 8, 2025, which is incorporated by reference herein.
10.2* | Employment Agreement dated as of June 17, 2024 between Bausch Health Companies Inc. and Aimee Lenar.
31.1* | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2* | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1* | Certificate of the Chief Executive Officer of Bausch Health Companies Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2* | Certificate of the Chief Financial Officer of Bausch Health Companies Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS* | Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
104* | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

____________________________________
* Filed herewith.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

|  | Bausch Health Companies Inc. (Registrant)
Date: | April 30, 2025 | /s/ THOMAS J. APPIO
|  | Thomas J. Appio Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: | April 30, 2025 | /s/ JEAN-JACQUES CHARHON
|  | Jean-Jacques Charhon Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

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