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Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Components of Provision for (Benefit from) Income Taxes

The following table sets forth the components of the Company’s provision for (benefit from) income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.

		Year Ended December 31,
		2019				2018				2017
Current tax expense (benefit):
U.S. federal		$	13			$	23			$	(8	)
U.S. state and local			(1	)			4				1
International			79				110				89
Total current tax expense			91				137				82
Deferred tax expense (benefit):
U.S. federal			(77	)			20				60
U.S. state and local			(5	)			3				6
International			(81	)			(1	)			17
Total deferred tax (benefit) expense			(163	)			22				83
Total (benefit from) provision for income taxes		$	(72	)		$	159			$	165

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities Components

The following table sets forth the components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2019 and 2018.

		December 31,
		2019				2018
Deferred tax assets:
Environmental and other liabilities		$	99			$	80
Accrued litigation			37				28
Stock-based compensation and accrued employee benefits			29				28
Other assets and other accrued liabilities			6				8
Tax attribute carryforwards			96				29
Operating lease liability			75				—
Foreign tax credit carryforwards			18				18
Total deferred tax assets			360				191
Less: Valuation allowance			(10	)			(2	)
Total deferred tax assets, net			350				189
Deferred tax liabilities:
Pension and other liabilities			(7	)			(35	)
Property, plant, and equipment			(320	)			(313	)
Operating lease asset			(71	)			—
Inventories and other assets			(30	)			(12	)
Total deferred tax liabilities			(428	)			(360	)
Deferred tax liability, net		$	(78	)		$	(171	)

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate

The following table sets forth an analysis of the Company’s effective tax rates for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017. 

		Year Ended December 31,
		2019								2018								2017
		$				%				$				%				$				%
Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate		$	(26	)			21.0	%		$	243				21.0	%		$	319				35.0	%
State income taxes, net of federal benefit			(7	)			5.6	%			7				0.6	%			7				0.7	%
Lower effective tax rate on international operations, net			(28	)			22.7	%			(44	)			(3.8	)%			(149	)			(16.3	)%
Depletion			(5	)			4.0	%			(6	)			(0.5	)%			(8	)			(0.9	)%
Exchange (gains) losses			(7	)			5.6	%			(4	)			(0.3	)%			5				0.6	%
Provision to return and other adjustments			(4	)			3.2	%			(9	)			(0.8	)%			6				0.6	%
Valuation allowance			8				(6.5	)%			(15	)			(1.3	)%			(33	)			(3.6	)%
Net impact of U.S. tax reform			—				—	%			(10	)			(0.9	)%			39				4.3	%
Stock-based compensation			(14	)			11.4	%			(14	)			(1.2	)%			(20	)			(2.2	)%
Executive compensation limitation			9				(7.3	)%			4				0.3	%			6				0.7	%
R&D credit			(6	)			4.8	%			(5	)			(0.4	)%			(1	)			(0.1	)%
Uncertain tax positions			7				(5.6	)%			2				0.2	%			(6	)			(0.7	)%
Other, net			1				(0.8	)%			10				0.9	%			—				—	%
Total effective tax rate		$	(72	)			58.1	%		$	159				13.8	%		$	165				18.1	%

Schedule of Income (Loss) before Income Taxes

The following table sets forth the Company’s income (loss) before income taxes for its U.S. and international operations for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.

		Year Ended December 31,
		2019				2018				2017
U.S. operations (including exports)		$	(375	)		$	114			$	(306	)
International operations			251				1,041				1,218
Total (loss) income before income taxes		$	(124	)		$	1,155			$	912

Schedule of open tax years by significant jurisdiction

The following table sets forth the Company’s significant jurisdictions’ tax returns that are subject to examination by their respective taxing authorities for the open years listed.

Jurisdiction		Open Years
China		2015 through 2019
India		2015 through 2019
Mexico		2013 through 2019
Netherlands		2015 through 2019
Singapore		2015 through 2019
Switzerland		2015 through 2019
Taiwan		2015 through 2019
U.S.		2015 through 2019

Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits

The following table sets forth the change in the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.

		Year Ended December 31,
		2019				2018				2017
Balance at January 1,		$	2			$	—			$	6
Gross amounts of decreases in unrecognized tax benefits as a result of adjustments to tax provisions taken during the prior period			—				—				(6	)
Gross amounts of increases in unrecognized tax benefits as a result of tax positions taken during the current period			7				2				—
Reduction to unrecognized tax benefits as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations			—				—				—
Balance at December 31,		$	9			$	2			$	—
Total unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, that would impact the effective tax rate		$	9			$	2			$	—
Total amount of interest and penalties recognized in the consolidated statements of operations			—				—				—
Total amount of interest and penalties recognized in the consolidated balance sheets			—				—				—

Summary of Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowance

The following table sets forth a rollforward of the Company’s deferred tax asset valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.

		Year Ended December 31,
		2019				2018				2017
Balance at January 1,		$	2			$	17			$	50
Net charges to income tax expense			8				—				—
Release of valuation allowance			—				(15	)			(33	)
Balance at December 31,		$	10			$	2			$	17

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