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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2019
Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recent Accounting Pronouncements – Lease Adoption In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)", which requires lessees to put most leases on their balance sheets but recognize expenses on their income statements in a manner similar to current accounting requirements. ASU 2016-02 also eliminates current real estate-specific provisions for all entities. For lessors, the ASU modifies the classification criteria and the accounting for sales-type and direct financing leases. For finance leases and operating leases, a lessee should recognize on the balance sheet a liability to make lease payments and a right-of-use ("ROU") asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term, with each initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. For public reporting entities such as CoreCivic, guidance in ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption of the ASU is permitted. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, "Targeted Improvements – Leases (Topic 842)", which permits entities to adopt a new transition method whereby the modified retrospective transition method would allow companies to recognize the cumulative-effect adjustment in the period of adoption rather than the earliest period presented and continue to apply the legacy guidance in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 840, "Leases", in the comparative periods presented. Further, ASU 2018-11 also allows entities to elect, by class of underlying asset, to not separate non-lease components from the associated lease components when certain criteria are met. Adoption results in an increase in long-term assets and liabilities for leases where the Company is the lessee. CoreCivic adopted ASU 2016-02 and ASU 2018-11, cumulatively ("ASC 842"), on January 1, 2019. The Company elected the modified retrospective transition method and recognized the cumulative-effect adjustment resulting from adoption of ASC 842 in the first quarter of 2019. CoreCivic also elected to adopt the package of available practical expedients that permits lessees and lessors to not reassess certain items, including whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, lease classification of any expired or existing leases, and initial direct costs for any expired or existing leases. In addition, the Company made an accounting policy election to apply the "short-term lease exception" permitted by ASC 842 for all classes of underlying assets. With the exception of the South Texas Family Residential Center lease, as further described hereafter, the Company also elected the practical expedient that permits lessees to make an accounting policy election to account for each separate lease component of a contract and its associated non-lease components as a single lease component. Prior to the adoption of ASC 842, a portion of the rental payments for the South Texas Family Residential Center was classified as depreciation and interest expense in accordance with ASC 840-40-55, formerly Emerging Issues Task Force No. 97-10, "The Effect of Lessee Involvement in Asset Construction." Upon adoption of ASC 842, all rental payments associated with this lease are classified as operating expenses. Upon adoption of ASC 842, CoreCivic recognized a ROU asset and a lease liability of $82.9 million for all operating leases identified by the Company as applicable under the guidance of ASC 842, including the lease for the South Texas Family Residential Center. For those operating leases that contain renewal options, the Company included the renewal period in the lease terms, and the related payments are reflected in the ROU asset and lease liability, when it is reasonably certain that a renewal option will be exercised. The ROU asset, amounting to $76.2 million at March 31, 2019, is included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets, while the current portion of the lease liability, amounting to $28.1 million at March 31, 2019, is included in accounts payable and accrued expenses and the long-term portion of the liability, amounting to $48.3 million at March 31, 2019, is included in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company also recognized a net charge of approximately $29.9 million to accumulated deficit upon adoption of ASC 842. Because CoreCivic does not generally have access to the interest rates implicit in its leases, the Company utilized its incremental borrowing rate, based upon the terms and tenure of each base lease, as the discount rate when calculating the present value of future minimum lease payments for each lease arrangement. The weighted average discount rate associated with the operating leases at adoption of ASC 842 was 5.3%. As of March 31, 2019, the weighted-average lease term of the operating leases was 2.8 years. CoreCivic leases land and buildings from third-party lessors for multiple properties under operating leases that expire over varying dates through 2023. CoreCivic leases the South Texas Family Residential Center and the site upon which it was constructed from a third-party lessor. CoreCivic's lease agreement with the lessor is over a base period concurrent with an inter-governmental service agreement ("IGSA") with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement ("ICE") which was amended in October 2016 to extend the term of the agreement through September 2021. However, ICE can terminate the IGSA for convenience or non-appropriation of funds, without penalty, by providing CoreCivic with at least a 60-day notice. In the event CoreCivic cancels the lease with the third-party lessor prior to its expiration as a result of the termination of the IGSA by ICE for convenience, and if CoreCivic is unable to reach an agreement for the continued use of the facility within 90 days from the termination date, CoreCivic is required to pay a termination fee to the third-party lessor based on the termination date, currently equal to $7.0 million and declining to zero by October 2020. Under provisions of ASC 842, CoreCivic determined that the South Texas Family Residential Center lease with the third-party lessor includes a non-lease component for food services representing 44% of the consideration paid under the lease. The expense incurred for all operating leases, inclusive of short-term and variable leases, was $8.4 million and $7.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The cash payments for operating leases are reflected as cash flows from operating activities on the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows and cash payments for financing leases are reflected as cash flows from financing activities. Future minimum lease payments as of March 31, 2019 for the Company's operating lease liabilities, inclusive of $71.3 million of payments expected to be made under the cancelable lease at the South Texas facility (excluding the non-lease food services component), are as follows (in thousands):
2019 (remainder) |  | $ | 23,499 |
2020 |  |  | 31,278 |
2021 |  |  | 22,836 |
2022 |  |  | 1,413 |
2023 |  |  | 878 |
Thereafter |  |  | 2,357 |
Total future minimum lease payments |  |  | 82,261 |
Less amount representing interest |  |  | (5,911 | )
Total present value of minimum lease payments |  | $ | 76,350 |
In addition, through its CoreCivic Properties segment, the Company owns 27 properties leased to third parties and used by government agencies under operating leases that expire over varying dates through 2034, some of which contain renewal options. In accordance with ASC 842, minimum rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the related lease. Leasehold incentives are recognized as a reduction to rental revenue on a straight-line basis over the term of the related lease. Rental revenue associated with expense reimbursements from tenants is recognized in the period that the related expenses are incurred based upon the tenant lease provision. See Note 4 for further discussion regarding a 20-year lease agreement with the Kansas Department of Corrections ("KDOC"). Future undiscounted cash flows to be received from third-party lessees as of March 31, 2019 for the Company's operating leases are as follows (in thousands):
2019 (remainder) |  | $ | 55,941 |
2020 |  |  | 73,904 |
2021 |  |  | 67,541 |
2022 |  |  | 61,108 |
2023 |  |  | 58,671 |
Thereafter |  |  | 410,147 |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements – Other In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016 13, "Financial Instruments – Credit Losses – Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments," which will change how entities measure credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net income. The ASU will replace the current "incurred loss" approach with an "expected loss" model for instruments measured at amortized cost. For trade and other receivables, held-to-maturity debt securities, contract assets, loans and other instruments, entities will be required to use a new forward-looking "expected loss" model that generally will result in the earlier recognition of allowances for losses. The ASU is effective for the Company in the first quarter of 2020. The Company is currently evaluating the effects of this ASU to determine the potential impact on its financial statements, however the Company does not currently expect the new standard will have a material impact on its financial statements. Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB (including its Emerging Issues Task Force), the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and the SEC did not, or are not expected to, have a material effect on the Company's results of operations or financial position.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Fair Value of Financial Instruments To meet the reporting requirements of ASC 825, "Financial Instruments", regarding fair value of financial instruments, CoreCivic calculates the estimated fair value of financial instruments using market interest rates, quoted market prices of similar instruments, or discounted cash flow techniques with observable Level 1 inputs for publicly traded debt and Level 2 inputs for all other financial instruments, as defined in ASC 820, "Fair Value Measurement". At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, there were no material differences between the carrying amounts and the estimated fair values of CoreCivic's financial instruments, other than as follows (in thousands):
|  | March 31, 2019 |  |  | December 31, 2018 |
|  | Carrying Amount |  |  | Fair Value |  |  | Carrying Amount |  |  | Fair Value |
Note receivable from Agecroft Prison Management, LTD |  | $ | 2,953 |  |  | $ | 4,129 |  |  | $ | 2,887 |  |  | $ | 4,037 |
Debt |  | $ | (1,856,060 | ) |  | $ | (1,808,872 | ) |  | $ | (1,814,795 | ) |  | $ | (1,744,045 | )

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