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INCOME TAXES
3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES
(14) INCOME TAXES
The Company's income tax expense is attributable to the activities of the Company, PHSI and PSCI, all of which are subchapter C corporations and are subject to U.S. federal and state income taxes. In contrast, under the provisions of federal and state statutes, Premier LP is not subject to federal and state income taxes, as the income realized by Premier LP is taxable to its partners.
Income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was $9.6 million and $11.3 million, respectively, which reflects effective tax rates of 12% for both periods. The Company's effective tax rates differ from income taxes recorded using a statutory rate largely due to Premier LP income, which is not subject to federal, state or local income taxes.
Net deferred tax assets increased $9.4 million to $426.6 million at September 30, 2019 from $417.2 million at June 30, 2019. The increase in net deferred tax assets from the prior period was largely driven by $10.5 million deferred tax assets generated by the member exchanges that occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2019.
The Company's TRA liabilities represent a payable to the limited partners for 85% of the tax savings the Company expects to receive, if any, in U.S. federal, foreign, state and local income and franchise tax that may be realized (or deemed to realize, in the case of payments required to be made upon certain occurrences under such TRAs) in connection with the Section 754 election by Premier LP. Tax savings are generated as a result of the increase in tax basis resulting from the initial sale of Class B common units, subsequent exchanges (pursuant to the Exchange Agreement) and payments under the TRA. The election results in adjustments to the tax basis of the assets of Premier LP upon member owner exchanges of Class B common units of Premier LP for Class A common stock of Premier, Inc. or cash. TRA liabilities decreased $17.9 million from $344.1 million at June 30, 2019 to $326.2 million at September 30, 2019. The change in TRA liabilities was driven primarily by $17.4 million in TRA payments and $14.3 million attributable to member departures during the three months ended September 30, 2019, partially offset by the $9.2 million increase in TRA liabilities in connection with the quarterly member owner exchanges that occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2019.