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Share-Based Compensation | 12 Months Ended
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Feb. 23, 2018
Share-based Compensation [Abstract] |
Share-Based Compensation | SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION The Steelcase Inc. Incentive Compensation Plan (the “Incentive Compensation Plan”) provides for the issuance of share-based compensation awards to employees and members of our Board of Directors. There are 25,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock reserved for issuance under our Incentive Compensation Plan, with 7,101,070 shares remaining for future issuance under our Incentive Compensation Plan as of February 23, 2018. A variety of awards may be granted under the Incentive Compensation Plan, including stock options, stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares, performance units, cash-based awards, phantom shares and other share-based awards. Outstanding awards under the Incentive Compensation Plan vest over a period of three years. Our Board of Directors may amend or terminate the Incentive Compensation Plan at its discretion subject to certain provisions as stipulated within the plan. For awards granted prior to July 15, 2015, in the event of a “change in control,” as defined in the Incentive Compensation Plan,
• | if at least six months have elapsed following the award date, any performance-based conditions imposed with respect to outstanding awards shall be deemed to be fully earned and a pro rata portion of each such outstanding award granted for all outstanding performance periods shall become payable in shares of Class A Common Stock; and
• | all restrictions imposed on restricted stock units that are not performance-based shall lapse.
For awards granted after July 15, 2015, in the event of a "change in control",
• | performance-based conditions imposed on outstanding awards will be deemed to be, immediately prior to the change in control, the greater of (1) the applicable performance achieved through the date of the change in control or (2) the target level of performance; and
• | all restrictions imposed on all outstanding awards of restricted stock units and performance units will lapse if either (1) the awards are assumed by an acquirer or successor and the awardee experiences a qualifying termination during the two year period following the change in control or (2) the awards are not assumed by an acquirer or successor.
Share-based awards currently outstanding under the Incentive Compensation Plan are as follows:
Total Outstanding Awards | February 23, 2018
Performance units (1) | 688,600 |  |
Restricted stock units | 1,789,775 |  |
Total outstanding awards | 2,478,375 |  |
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(1) | This amount includes the maximum number of shares that may be issued under outstanding performance unit awards; however, the actual number of shares which may be issued will be determined based on the satisfaction of certain criteria, and therefore may be significantly lower.
Performance Units Performance units have been granted only to our executive officers. These awards are earned after a three-year performance period and only if the performance criteria stated in the applicable award are achieved. After completion of the performance period, the number of performance units earned will be issued as shares of Class A Common Stock. The aggregate number of shares of Class A Common Stock that ultimately may be issued under performance units where the performance period has not been completed ranged from 0 to 688,600 shares as of February 23, 2018. The awards will be forfeited if a participant leaves the company for reasons other than retirement, disability or death or if the participant engages in any competition with us, as defined in the Incentive Compensation Plan and determined by the Administrative Committee in its discretion. A dividend equivalent is calculated based on the actual number of units earned at the end of the performance period equal to the dividends that would have been payable on the earned units had they been held during the entire performance period as Class A Common Stock. At the end of the performance period, the dividend equivalents are paid in the form of cash. All of the performance units granted in 2018 and 2017 and half of the performance units granted in 2016 can be earned based on achievement of certain total shareholder return results relative to a comparison group of companies ("TSR PSUs"), which is a market condition. The number of shares that may be earned under the TSR PSUs can range from 0% to 200% of the target amount. The TSR PSUs are expensed and recorded in Additional paid-in capital on the Consolidated Balance Sheets over the performance periods. Based on actual performance results, the TSR PSUs granted in 2016 were earned at 0.0% of the target level, and no shares of Class A Common Stock were issued to participants under such awards. The remaining half of the performance units granted in 2016 were earned based on our three-year average return on invested capital ("ROIC PSUs"), which is a performance condition. The number of shares that could be earned under the ROIC PSUs ranged from 0% to 200% of the target amount. The ROIC PSUs were expensed and recorded in Additional paid-in capital on the Consolidated Balance Sheets over the performance period based on the probability that the performance condition will be met. The expense recorded was adjusted as the estimate of the total number of ROIC PSUs that were expected to ultimately be earned changed. The weighted-average grant date fair value per share of ROIC PSUs granted in 2016 was $18.68. The fair value is equal to the closing price of shares of our Class A Common Stock on the date of the grant. Based on actual performance results, the ROIC PSUs granted in 2016 were earned at 156.0% of the target level and 209,353 shares of Class A Common Stock were issued to participants in Q1 2019. The fair values of the TSR PSUs were calculated on their respective grant dates using the Monte Carlo simulation model, which resulted in a fair value of $3.4, $3.1 and $5.7 for the TSR PSUs granted in 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The Monte Carlo simulation was computed using the following assumptions:
| 2018 Awards | 2017 Awards | 2016 Awards
Three-year risk-free interest rate (1) | 1.4 | % |  | 0.9 | % |  | 0.8 | % |
Expected term | 3 years |  |  | 3 years |  |  | 3 years |  |
Estimated volatility (2) | 31.8 | % |  | 31.2 | % |  | 29.4 | % |
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(1) | Based on the U.S. Government bond benchmark on the grant date.
(2) | Represents the historical price volatility of our Company’s Class A Common Stock for the three-year period preceding the grant date.
The Monte Carlo simulation resulted in the following weighted-average grant date fair values per TSR PSU:
Grant Date Fair Value per TSR PSU | Year Ended
February 23, 2018 | February 24, 2017 | February 26, 2016
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share of TSR PSUs granted during 2018, 2017 and 2016 | $ | 21.76 |  |  | $ | 16.33 |  |  | $ | 24.15 |  |
The total performance units expense and associated tax benefit in 2018, 2017 and 2016 was as follows:
Performance Units | Year Ended
February 23, 2018 | February 24, 2017 | February 26, 2016
Expense | $ | 5.0 |  |  | $ | 5.6 |  |  | $ | 7.4 |  |
Tax benefit | 1.7 |  |  | 2.0 |  |  | 2.7 |  |
The 2018 activity for performance units is as follows:
Maximum Number of Nonvested Units | Total | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Unit
Nonvested as of February 24, 2017 | 916,420 |  |  | $ | 19.31 |  |
Granted | 309,000 |  |  | 21.76 |  |
Vested | (536,820 | ) |  | 21.42 |  |
Nonvested as of February 23, 2018 | 688,600 |  |  | 18.77 |  |
As of February 23, 2018, there was $1.8 of remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested performance units. That cost is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted-average period of 1.7 years. The total fair value of performance units vested following completion of the three-year performance periods during 2018, 2017 and 2016 was $3.0, $5.6 and $7.0, respectively. The fair value was determined based upon the closing price of shares of our Class A Common Stock as of the date the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors certified the awards. Restricted Stock Units Restricted stock units (“RSUs”) have restrictions on transfer which lapse three years after the date of grant, at which time RSUs are issued as unrestricted shares of Class A Common Stock. These awards will be forfeited if a participant leaves the company for reasons other than retirement, disability or death or if the participant engages in any competition with us, as defined in the Incentive Compensation Plan and determined by the Administrative Committee in its discretion. RSUs are expensed and recorded in Additional paid-in capital on the Consolidated Balance Sheets over the requisite service period based on the value of the shares on the grant date. The weighted-average grant date fair value per share of RSUs granted in 2018, 2017 and 2016 is as follows:
Grant Date Fair Value per Share | Year Ended
February 23, 2018 | February 24, 2017 | February 26, 2016
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share of RSUs granted | $ | 16.51 |  |  | $ | 14.66 |  |  | $ | 18.82 |  |
The total RSUs expense and associated tax benefit in 2018, 2017 and 2016 is as follows:
Restricted Stock Units | Year Ended
February 23, 2018 | February 24, 2017 | February 26, 2016
Expense | $ | 13.4 |  |  | $ | 13.5 |  |  | $ | 12.9 |  |
Tax benefit | 4.5 |  |  | 4.9 |  |  | 4.6 |  |
Holders of RSUs receive cash dividends equal to the dividends we declare and pay on our Class A Common Stock, which are included in Dividends paid on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The 2018 activity for RSUs is as follows:
Nonvested Units | Total | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Nonvested as of February 24, 2017 | 1,731,507 |  |  | $ | 16.38 |  |
Granted | 780,321 |  |  | 16.51 |  |
Vested | (688,965 | ) |  | 18.17 |  |
Forfeited | (33,088 | ) |  | 16.14 |  |
Nonvested as of February 23, 2018 | 1,789,775 |  |  | 15.75 |  |
There was $8.0 of remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to RSUs as of February 23, 2018. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years. The total fair value of RSUs vested was $10.1, $13.1 and $16.6 during 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The fair value was determined based upon the closing price of shares of our Class A Common Stock on the dates the awards vested. Unrestricted Share Grants Under the Incentive Compensation Plan, unrestricted shares of our Class A Common Stock may be issued to members of our Board of Directors as compensation for director’s fees. We granted a total of 50,445, 48,045 and 39,052 unrestricted shares at a weighted average grant date fair value per share of $14.98, $15.20 and $18.24 during 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for compensation-related costs for equity-based compensation, which may include disclosure of policies, compensation plan details, allocation of equity compensation, incentive distributions, equity-based arrangements to obtain goods and services, deferred compensation arrangements, employee stock ownership plan details and employee stock purchase plan details. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2228938 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 50 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2208855 + Details
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