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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
___________________________________________________________
FORM 10-Q

☑ |  | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended August 23, 2019

or
☐ |  | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission File Number 1-13873
___________________________________________________________
STEELCASE INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Michigan |  | 38-0819050
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
901 44th Street SE |  |
Grand Rapids, | Michigan |  | 49508
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)

(616) 247-2710
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
None
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock | SCS | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☑ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐ | Emerging growth company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by a check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑
As of September 17, 2019, Steelcase Inc. had 88,820,592 shares of Class A Common Stock and 28,290,960 shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding.

Table of Contents

STEELCASE INC. FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED August 23, 2019 INDEX
|  | Page No.
PART I | Financial Information | 1
Item 1. | Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three and Six Months Ended August 23, 2019 and August 24, 2018 | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Six Months Ended August 23, 2019 and August 24, 2018 | 2
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of August 23, 2019 and February 22, 2019 | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for the Three and Six Months Ended August 23, 2019 and August 24, 2018 | 4
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended August 23, 2019 and August 24, 2018 | 5
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 6
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 19
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 29
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 29
PART II | Other Information | 30
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 30
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 30
Item 6. | Exhibits | 30
Signatures | 31

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. | Financial Statements:

STEELCASE INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited) (in millions, except per share data)
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
| August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018 | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Revenue | $ | 998.0 |  |  | $ | 875.8 |  |  | $ | 1,822.3 |  |  | $ | 1,629.8 |  |
Cost of sales | 664.5 |  |  | 587.2 |  |  | 1,230.4 |  |  | 1,103.3 |  |
Gross profit | 333.5 |  |  | 288.6 |  |  | 591.9 |  |  | 526.5 |  |
Operating expenses | 248.2 |  |  | 220.7 |  |  | 479.0 |  |  | 435.3 |  |
Operating income | 85.3 |  |  | 67.9 |  |  | 112.9 |  |  | 91.2 |  |
Interest expense | (6.7 | ) |  | (4.9 | ) |  | (13.4 | ) |  | (9.3 | ) |
Investment income | 1.5 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 2.5 |  |  | 1.5 |  |
Other income, net | 2.0 |  |  | 3.7 |  |  | 4.2 |  |  | 7.0 |  |
Income before income tax expense | 82.1 |  |  | 67.2 |  |  | 106.2 |  |  | 90.4 |  |
Income tax expense | 21.6 |  |  | 18.1 |  |  | 27.9 |  |  | 24.3 |  |
Net income | $ | 60.5 |  |  | $ | 49.1 |  |  | $ | 78.3 |  |  | $ | 66.1 |  |
Earnings per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 0.50 |  |  | $ | 0.41 |  |  | $ | 0.65 |  |  | $ | 0.56 |  |
Diluted | $ | 0.50 |  |  | $ | 0.41 |  |  | $ | 0.65 |  |  | $ | 0.56 |  |
Dividends declared and paid per common share | $ | 0.1450 |  |  | $ | 0.1350 |  |  | $ | 0.2900 |  |  | $ | 0.2700 |  |

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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STEELCASE INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)
(in millions)

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
| August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018 | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Net income | $ | 60.5 |  |  | $ | 49.1 |  |  | $ | 78.3 |  |  | $ | 66.1 |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments | (0.2 | ) |  | 0.2 |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  | 0.3 |  |
Pension and other post-retirement liability adjustments | (0.3 | ) |  | (0.8 | ) |  | (0.5 | ) |  | (1.6 | ) |
Derivative amortization | 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | — |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | (6.4 | ) |  | (6.4 | ) |  | (14.3 | ) |  | (18.6 | ) |
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net | (6.7 | ) |  | (7.0 | ) |  | (14.5 | ) |  | (19.9 | ) |
Comprehensive income | $ | 53.8 |  |  | $ | 42.1 |  |  | $ | 63.8 |  |  | $ | 46.2 |  |

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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STEELCASE INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (in millions)
| (Unaudited) |
| August 23, 2019 | February 22, 2019
ASSETS |
Current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 229.1 |  |  | $ | 261.3 |  |
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $10.0 and $8.7 | 467.3 |  |  | 390.3 |  |
Inventories | 243.1 |  |  | 224.8 |  |
Prepaid expenses | 27.5 |  |  | 19.5 |  |
Other current assets | 46.3 |  |  | 52.7 |  |
Total current assets | 1,013.3 |  |  | 948.6 |  |
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $980.9 and $1,009.3 | 447.2 |  |  | 455.5 |  |
Company-owned life insurance ("COLI") | 156.2 |  |  | 156.1 |  |
Deferred income taxes | 130.5 |  |  | 135.8 |  |
Goodwill | 239.5 |  |  | 240.8 |  |
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $61.3 and $55.8 | 111.0 |  |  | 119.3 |  |
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates | 53.3 |  |  | 56.9 |  |
Right-of-use operating lease assets | 215.6 |  |  | — |  |
Other assets | 28.4 |  |  | 29.4 |  |
Total assets | $ | 2,395.0 |  |  | $ | 2,142.4 |  |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 277.0 |  |  | $ | 241.2 |  |
Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt | 3.1 |  |  | 4.1 |  |
Current operating lease obligations | 36.3 |  |  | — |  |
Accrued expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |
Employee compensation | 124.0 |  |  | 168.1 |  |
Employee benefit plan obligations | 30.2 |  |  | 37.1 |  |
Accrued promotions | 35.3 |  |  | 27.7 |  |
Customer deposits | 27.1 |  |  | 20.0 |  |
Product warranties | 13.9 |  |  | 16.4 |  |
Income taxes payable | 16.4 |  |  | 3.5 |  |
Other | 81.2 |  |  | 77.1 |  |
Total current liabilities | 644.5 |  |  | 595.2 |  |
Long-term liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Long-term debt less current maturities | 481.9 |  |  | 482.9 |  |
Employee benefit plan obligations | 132.6 |  |  | 141.6 |  |
Long-term operating lease obligations | 193.1 |  |  | — |  |
Other long-term liabilities | 53.7 |  |  | 72.9 |  |
Total long-term liabilities | 861.3 |  |  | 697.4 |  |
Total liabilities | 1,505.8 |  |  | 1,292.6 |  |
Shareholders’ equity: |  |  |  |  |  |
Additional paid-in capital | 26.5 |  |  | 16.4 |  |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (61.8 | ) |  | (47.3 | ) |
Retained earnings | 924.5 |  |  | 880.7 |  |
Total shareholders’ equity | 889.2 |  |  | 849.8 |  |
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 2,395.0 |  |  | $ | 2,142.4 |  |

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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STEELCASE INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)
(in millions, except share and per share data)

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
| August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018 | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Changes in common shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common shares outstanding, beginning of period | 117,313,755 |  |  | 116,680,035 |  |  | 116,766,610 |  |  | 116,157,443 |  |
Common stock issuances | 11,475 |  |  | 13,140 |  |  | 22,872 |  |  | 26,829 |  |
Common stock repurchases | (117,953 | ) |  | (9,561 | ) |  | (347,256 | ) |  | (245,663 | ) |
Performance units issued as common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 209,353 |  |
Restricted units issued as common stock | 36,683 |  |  | — |  |  | 801,734 |  |  | 535,652 |  |
Common shares outstanding, end of period | 117,243,960 |  |  | 116,683,614 |  |  | 117,243,960 |  |  | 116,683,614 |  |
Changes in paid-in capital (1): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Paid-in capital, beginning of period | $ | 25.9 |  |  | $ | 12.6 |  |  | $ | 16.4 |  |  | $ | 4.6 |  |
Common stock issuances | 0.2 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | 0.4 |  |
Common stock repurchases | (1.9 | ) |  | (0.1 | ) |  | (5.9 | ) |  | (3.5 | ) |
Performance units and restricted stock units expense | 2.3 |  |  | 3.5 |  |  | 11.6 |  |  | 12.5 |  |
Other | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4.0 |  |  | 2.2 |  |
Paid-in capital, end of period | 26.5 |  |  | 16.2 |  |  | 26.5 |  |  | 16.2 |  |
Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of period | (55.1 | ) |  | (23.2 | ) |  | (47.3 | ) |  | (10.3 | ) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) | (6.7 | ) |  | (7.0 | ) |  | (14.5 | ) |  | (19.9 | ) |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), end of period | (61.8 | ) |  | (30.2 | ) |  | (61.8 | ) |  | (30.2 | ) |
Changes in retained earnings: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retained earnings, beginning of period | 881.2 |  |  | 819.7 |  |  | 880.7 |  |  | 819.0 |  |
Net income | 60.5 |  |  | 49.1 |  |  | 78.3 |  |  | 66.1 |  |
Dividends paid | (17.2 | ) |  | $ | (16.0 | ) |  | (34.5 | ) |  | (32.3 | ) |
Retained earnings, end of period | 924.5 |  |  | 852.8 |  |  | 924.5 |  |  | 852.8 |  |
Total shareholders' equity | $ | 889.2 |  |  | $ | 838.8 |  |  | $ | 889.2 |  |  | $ | 838.8 |  |

_______________________________________

(1) | Shares of our Class A and Class B common stock have no par value; thus, there are no balances for common stock.

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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STEELCASE INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited) (in millions)
| Six Months Ended
| August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
OPERATING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income | $ | 78.3 |  |  | $ | 66.1 |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 41.4 |  |  | 38.7 |  |
Non-cash stock compensation | 12.0 |  |  | 12.9 |  |
Equity in income of unconsolidated affiliates | (5.7 | ) |  | (6.8 | ) |
Dividends received from unconsolidated affiliates | 8.2 |  |  | 7.1 |  |
Other | 2.1 |  |  | (11.2 | ) |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable | (82.2 | ) |  | (99.8 | ) |
Inventories | (20.5 | ) |  | (38.0 | ) |
Other assets | 3.9 |  |  | 6.7 |  |
Accounts payable | 37.8 |  |  | 45.6 |  |
Employee compensation liabilities | (46.1 | ) |  | (40.1 | ) |
Employee benefit obligations | (17.7 | ) |  | (18.7 | ) |
Customer deposits | 7.4 |  |  | (7.0 | ) |
Income taxes payable | 13.0 |  |  | 0.1 |  |
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | 10.9 |  |  | 6.1 |  |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 42.8 |  |  | (38.3 | ) |
INVESTING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures | (32.5 | ) |  | (41.5 | ) |
Proceeds from COLI policies | 1.1 |  |  | 20.7 |  |
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired | — |  |  | (149.5 | ) |
Other | 1.8 |  |  | 1.9 |  |
Net cash used in investing activities | (29.6 | ) |  | (168.4 | ) |
FINANCING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |  |  |
Dividends paid | (34.5 | ) |  | (32.3 | ) |
Common stock repurchases | (5.9 | ) |  | (3.5 | ) |
Borrowings on lines of credit | — |  |  | 76.9 |  |
Repayments on lines of credit | — |  |  | (66.7 | ) |
Repayments of long-term debt | (1.3 | ) |  | (1.3 | ) |
Other | (1.0 | ) |  | — |  |
Net cash used in financing activities | (42.7 | ) |  | (26.9 | ) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (1.4 | ) |  | (2.8 | ) |
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (30.9 | ) |  | (236.4 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period (1) | 264.8 |  |  | 285.6 |  |
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period (2) | $ | 233.9 |  |  | $ | 49.2 |  |

_______________________________________

(1) | These amounts include restricted cash of $3.5 and $2.5 as of February 22, 2019 and February 23, 2018, respectively.

(2) | These amounts include restricted cash of $4.8 and $3.5 as of August 23, 2019 and August 24, 2018, respectively.

Restricted cash primarily represents funds held in escrow for potential future workers’ compensation and product liability claims. Restricted cash is included as part of Other assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

1. | BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions in Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals and adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial statements have been included. Results for interim periods should not be considered indicative of results to be expected for a full year. Reference should be made to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 22, 2019 (“Form 10-K”). The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of February 22, 2019 was derived from the audited Consolidated Balance Sheet included in our Form 10-K.
As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Report”), unless otherwise expressly stated or the context otherwise requires, all references to “Steelcase,” “we,” “our,” “Company” and similar references are to Steelcase Inc. and its subsidiaries in which a controlling interest is maintained. Unless the context otherwise indicates, reference to a year relates to the fiscal year, ended in February of the year indicated, rather than a calendar year. Additionally, Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 reference the first, second, third and fourth quarter, respectively, of the fiscal year indicated. All amounts are in millions, except share and per share data, data presented as a percentage or as otherwise indicated.

2. | NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

Adoption of New Accounting Standards
In February 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220), to address the impact of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) on tax effects presented in other comprehensive income. The amended guidance allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for the tax effects of items within accumulated other comprehensive income resulting from the Tax Act. We adopted this guidance in Q1 2020 and elected to not reclassify these amounts to retained earnings as the effect on our consolidated financial statements was not material.
In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718), which simplifies certain aspects of the accounting for nonemployee share-based payment transactions resulting from expanding the scope of Topic 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation, to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. The amendments specify that Topic 718 applies to all share-based payment transactions in which a grantor acquires goods or services to be used or consumed in a grantor's own operations by issuing share-based payment awards. The amendments also clarify that Topic 718 does not apply to share-based payments used to effectively provide (1) financing to the issuer or (2) awards granted in conjunction with selling goods or services to customers as part of a contract accounted for under Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. We adopted this guidance in Q1 2020, and the adoption did not have an effect on our consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which establishes a new lease accounting model for lessees. The core principle of the new lease standard is to increase the decision usefulness and comparability among organizations by recognizing right-of-use assets and lease obligations on the balance sheet with additional qualitative and quantitative disclosures. The standard is designed to create greater comparability for financial statement users across industries and jurisdictions and also requires enhanced disclosures. We adopted this guidance and related amendments in Q1 2020 and it resulted in an increase in the assets and liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. See Note 9 for additional information.
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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Accounting Standards Issued But Not Yet Adopted
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-14, Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans, which amends ASC 715-20, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General. The amended guidance modifies the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other post-retirement plans by removing and adding certain disclosures for these plans. The eliminated disclosures include (a) the amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income expected to be recognized in net periodic benefit costs over the next fiscal year and (b) the effects of a one percentage point change in assumed health care cost trend rates on the net periodic benefit costs and the benefit obligation for post-retirement health care benefits. Additional disclosures include descriptions of significant gains and losses affecting the benefit obligation for the period. The amended guidance is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020. The adoption of this guidance will modify our disclosures but is not expected to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), which replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current U.S. GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses. The amended guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for the fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. We are currently evaluating the impact of this standard on our consolidated financial statements.

3. | REVENUE

Disaggregation of Revenue
The following table provides information about disaggregated revenue by product category for each of our reportable segments:

Product Category Data | Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018 | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Americas |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Desking, benching, systems and storage | $ | 396.0 |  |  | $ | 311.0 |  |  | $ | 706.8 |  |  | $ | 569.0 |  |
Seating | 219.6 |  |  | 188.0 |  |  | 391.3 |  |  | 345.9 |  |
Other (1) | 123.9 |  |  | 155.1 |  |  | 217.7 |  |  | 275.0 |  |
EMEA |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Desking, benching, systems and storage | 58.9 |  |  | 61.9 |  |  | 120.9 |  |  | 124.7 |  |
Seating | 53.3 |  |  | 44.1 |  |  | 113.3 |  |  | 88.3 |  |
Other (1) | 42.0 |  |  | 27.2 |  |  | 81.3 |  |  | 57.6 |  |
Other |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Desking, benching, systems and storage | 15.7 |  |  | 20.1 |  |  | 30.2 |  |  | 27.8 |  |
Seating | 24.4 |  |  | 30.3 |  |  | 43.9 |  |  | 41.5 |  |
Other (1) | 64.2 |  |  | 38.1 |  |  | 116.9 |  |  | 100.0 |  |
| $ | 998.0 |  |  | $ | 875.8 |  |  | $ | 1,822.3 |  |  | $ | 1,629.8 |  |

_______________________________________

(1) | The Other product category data by segment consists primarily of consolidated dealers, textiles and surface materials, worktools, architecture, technology, other uncategorized product lines and services.

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Reportable geographic information is as follows:

Reportable Geographic Revenue | Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018 | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
United States | $ | 680.8 |  |  | $ | 582.8 |  |  | $ | 1,216.7 |  |  | $ | 1,054.1 |  |
Foreign locations | 317.2 |  |  | 293.0 |  |  | 605.6 |  |  | 575.7 |  |
| $ | 998.0 |  |  | $ | 875.8 |  |  | $ | 1,822.3 |  |  | $ | 1,629.8 |  |

Contract Balances
At times, we receive payments from customers before revenue is recognized, resulting in the recognition of a contract liability (Customer deposits) presented in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Changes in the Customer deposits balance during the six months ended August 23, 2019 are as follows:

| Customer Deposits
Balance as of February 22, 2019 | $ | 20.0 |  |
Increases due to deposits received | 23.6 |  |
Revenue recognized | (16.5 | ) |
Balance as of August 23, 2019 | $ | 27.1 |  |

4. | EARNINGS PER SHARE

Earnings per share is computed using the two-class method. The two-class method determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating securities according to dividends or dividend equivalents and their respective participation rights in undistributed earnings. Participating securities represent restricted stock units in which the participants have non-forfeitable rights to dividend equivalents during the performance period. Diluted earnings per share includes the effects of certain performance units in which the participants have forfeitable rights to dividend equivalents during the performance period.

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
Computation of Earnings per Share | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018 | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Net income | $ | 60.5 |  |  | $ | 49.1 |  |  | $ | 78.3 |  |  | $ | 66.1 |  |
Adjustment for earnings attributable to participating securities | (1.3 | ) |  | (1.0 | ) |  | (1.5 | ) |  | (1.3 | ) |
Net income used in calculating earnings per share | $ | 59.2 |  |  | $ | 48.1 |  |  | $ | 76.8 |  |  | $ | 64.8 |  |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding including participating securities (in millions) | 119.7 |  |  | 119.2 |  |  | 119.6 |  |  | 119.0 |  |
Adjustment for participating securities (in millions) | (2.4 | ) |  | (2.5 | ) |  | (2.3 | ) |  | (2.3 | ) |
Shares used in calculating basic earnings per share (in millions) | 117.3 |  |  | 116.7 |  |  | 117.3 |  |  | 116.7 |  |
Effect of dilutive stock-based compensation (in millions) | 0.5 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | — |  |
Shares used in calculating diluted earnings per share (in millions) | 117.8 |  |  | 116.7 |  |  | 117.8 |  |  | 116.7 |  |
Earnings per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 0.50 |  |  | $ | 0.41 |  |  | $ | 0.65 |  |  | $ | 0.56 |  |
Diluted | $ | 0.50 |  |  | $ | 0.41 |  |  | $ | 0.65 |  |  | $ | 0.56 |  |
Total common shares outstanding at period end (in millions) | 117.2 |  |  | 116.7 |  |  | 117.2 |  |  | 116.7 |  |
Anti-dilutive performance units excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share (in millions) | — |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.5 |  |

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

5. | ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated balances of other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended August 23, 2019:

| Unrealized gain (loss) on investments | Pension and other post-retirement liability adjustments | Derivative amortization | Foreign currency translation adjustments | Total
Balance as of May 24, 2019 | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | 9.5 |  |  | $ | (9.4 | ) |  | $ | (55.3 | ) |  | $ | (55.1 | ) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | 0.3 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | — |  |  | (6.4 | ) |  | (5.6 | ) |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | (0.5 | ) |  | (0.8 | ) |  | 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  | (1.1 | ) |
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) | (0.2 | ) |  | (0.3 | ) |  | 0.2 |  |  | (6.4 | ) |  | (6.7 | ) |
Balance as of August 23, 2019 | $ | (0.1 | ) |  | $ | 9.2 |  |  | $ | (9.2 | ) |  | $ | (61.7 | ) |  | $ | (61.8 | ) |

The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated balances of other comprehensive income (loss) for the six months ended August 23, 2019:

| Unrealized gain (loss) on investments | Pension and other post-retirement liability adjustments | Derivative amortization | Foreign currency translation adjustments | Total
Balance as of February 22, 2019 | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9.7 |  |  | $ | (9.6 | ) |  | $ | (47.4 | ) |  | $ | (47.3 | ) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | 0.4 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | — |  |  | (14.3 | ) |  | (13.1 | ) |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | (0.5 | ) |  | (1.3 | ) |  | 0.4 |  |  | — |  |  | (1.4 | ) |
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) | (0.1 | ) |  | (0.5 | ) |  | 0.4 |  |  | (14.3 | ) |  | (14.5 | ) |
Balance as of August 23, 2019 | $ | (0.1 | ) |  | $ | 9.2 |  |  | $ | (9.2 | ) |  | $ | (61.7 | ) |  | $ | (61.8 | ) |

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following table provides details about reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three and six months ended August 23, 2019 and August 24, 2018:

Detail of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Components | Amounts Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Affected Line in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income
Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018 | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Amortization of pension and other post-retirement liability adjustments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Actuarial losses (gains) | $ | (0.8 | ) |  | $ | (0.8 | ) |  | $ | (1.5 | ) |  | $ | (1.7 | ) |  | Other income, net
Prior service cost (credit) | (0.1 | ) |  | (0.6 | ) |  | (0.1 | ) |  | (1.2 | ) |  | Other income, net
| 0.1 |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | Income tax expense
| (0.8 | ) |  | (1.1 | ) |  | (1.3 | ) |  | (2.3 | ) |  |
Derivative amortization | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | — |  |  | Interest expense
| (0.1 | ) |  | — |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  | — |  |  | Income tax expense
| 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | — |  |  |
Realized gain on sale of investment | (0.7 | ) |  | — |  |  | (0.7 | ) |  | — |  |  | Investment income
| 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  | Income tax expense
| (0.5 | ) |  | — |  |  | (0.5 | ) |  | — |  |  |
Foreign currency translation | — |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | Other income, net
Total reclassifications | $ | (1.1 | ) |  | $ | (1.0 | ) |  | $ | (1.4 | ) |  | $ | (2.2 | ) |  |

6. | FAIR VALUE

The carrying amounts for many of our financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts and notes receivable, accounts and notes payable, short-term borrowings and certain other liabilities, approximate their fair value due to their relatively short maturities. Our foreign exchange forward contracts and long-term investments are measured at fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Our total debt is carried at cost and was $485.0 and $487.0 as of August 23, 2019 and February 22, 2019, respectively. The fair value of our total debt is measured using a discounted cash flow analysis based on current market interest rates for similar types of instruments and was approximately $544 and $492 as of August 23, 2019 and February 22, 2019, respectively. The estimation of the fair value of our total debt is based on Level 2 fair value measurements.
We periodically use derivative financial instruments to manage exposures to movements in foreign exchange rates and interest rates. The use of these financial instruments modifies the exposure of these risks with the intention to reduce our risk of short-term volatility. We do not use derivatives for speculative or trading purposes.
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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of August 23, 2019 and February 22, 2019 are summarized below:

| August 23, 2019
Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 229.1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 229.1 |  |
Restricted cash | 4.8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4.8 |  |
Foreign exchange forward contracts | — |  |  | 1.7 |  |  | — |  |  | 1.7 |  |
Auction rate securities | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2.0 |  |  | 2.0 |  |
| $ | 233.9 |  |  | $ | 1.7 |  |  | $ | 2.0 |  |  | $ | 237.6 |  |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange forward contracts | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.4 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.4 | ) |
| $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.4 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.4 | ) |
| February 22, 2019
Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 261.3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 261.3 |  |
Restricted cash | 3.5 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3.5 |  |
Foreign exchange forward contracts | — |  |  | 3.9 |  |  | — |  |  | 3.9 |  |
Auction rate securities | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3.9 |  |  | 3.9 |  |
| $ | 264.8 |  |  | $ | 3.9 |  |  | $ | 3.9 |  |  | $ | 272.6 |  |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange forward contracts | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.5 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.5 | ) |
| $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.5 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.5 | ) |

Below is a roll-forward of assets and liabilities measured at fair value using Level 3 inputs for the six months ended August 23, 2019:

Roll-Forward of Fair Value Using Level 3 Inputs | Auction Rate Securities
Balance as of February 22, 2019 | $ | 3.9 |  |
Unrealized gain on investments | 0.3 |  |
Redemption of auction rate securities | (2.2 | ) |
Balance as of August 23, 2019 | $ | 2.0 |  |

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

7. | INVENTORIES

Inventories | August 23, 2019 | February 22, 2019
Raw materials and work-in-process | $ | 129.0 |  |  | $ | 118.3 |  |
Finished goods | 134.3 |  |  | 127.2 |  |
| 263.3 |  |  | 245.5 |  |
Revaluation to LIFO | 20.2 |  |  | 20.7 |  |
| $ | 243.1 |  |  | $ | 224.8 |  |

The portion of inventories determined by the LIFO method was $103.8 and $96.9 as of August 23, 2019 and February 22, 2019, respectively.
8. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
Performance Units
During the six months ended August 23, 2019, we granted 98,867 performance units ("PSUs") which are earned over a three-year period based on performance conditions and then modified based on a market condition. The expense for these awards is determined based on the probability that the performance conditions will be met and the fair value of the market condition. We used the Monte Carlo simulation model to calculate the fair value of the market condition. The total weighted-average grant date fair value for these PSUs was $16.21 per unit. The PSUs are expensed and recorded in Additional paid-in capital on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The weighted-average grant date fair values were determined using the following assumptions:

| 2020 Awards
Three-year risk-free interest rate (1) | 2.3 | %
Expected term | 3 years |
Estimated volatility (2) | 32.5 | %

_______________________________________

(1) | Based on the U.S. government bond benchmark on the grant date.

(2) | Represents the historical price volatility of the Company’s common stock for the three-year period preceding the grant date.

The total PSU expense and associated tax benefit for all outstanding awards for the three and six months ended August 23, 2019 and August 24, 2018 are as follows:

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
Performance Units | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018 | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Expense | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | 1.2 |  |  | $ | 1.7 |  |  | $ | 3.5 |  |
Tax benefit | 0.1 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 1.0 |  |

As of August 23, 2019, there was $0.8 of remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested PSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted-average period of 1.7 years.
The PSU activity for the six months ended August 23, 2019 is as follows:

Maximum Number of Shares That May Be Issued Under Nonvested Units | Total | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Unit
Nonvested as of February 22, 2019 | 676,800 |  | $ | 18.50 |
Granted | 237,280 |  | 16.21 |
Nonvested as of August 23, 2019 | 914,080 |  | $ | 18.93 |

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Restricted Stock Units
During the six months ended August 23, 2019, we awarded 722,209 restricted stock units ("RSUs"). These RSUs have restrictions on transfer which lapse three years after the date of grant, at which time the units will be issued as unrestricted shares of Class A Common Stock. RSUs are expensed and recorded in Additional paid-in capital on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets over the requisite service period based on the value of the underlying shares on the date of grant.
The RSU expense and associated tax benefit for all outstanding awards for the three and six months ended August 23, 2019 and August 24, 2018 are as follows:

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
Restricted Stock Units | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018 | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Expense | $ | 2.0 |  |  | $ | 2.3 |  |  | $ | 9.9 |  |  | $ | 9.0 |  |
Tax benefit | 0.5 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 2.7 |  |  | 2.4 |  |

As of August 23, 2019, there was $8.3 of remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested RSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.9 years.
The RSU activity for the six months ended August 23, 2019 is as follows:

Nonvested Units | Total | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Unit
Nonvested as of February 22, 2019 | 1,721,896 |  | $ | 15.39 |
Granted | 722,209 |  | 15.51 |
Vested | (37,683 | ) | 15.05 |
Forfeited | (25,695 | ) | 15.21 |
Nonvested as of August 23, 2019 | 2,380,727 |  | $ | 15.43 |

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

9. | LEASES

Accounting Policies
In Q1 2020, we adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) and related amendments ("ASC 842") on a prospective basis. The effects of the initial application of ASC 842 did not result in a cumulative adjustment to retained earnings.
We have operating leases for corporate offices, sales offices, showrooms, manufacturing facilities, vehicles and equipment that expire at various dates through 2031. Certain lease agreements include contingent rental payments based on per unit usage over contractual levels (e.g., miles driven or machine hours used) and others include rental payments adjusted periodically for inflationary indexes. Additionally, some leases include options to renew or terminate the leases which can be exercised at our discretion. The lease terms utilized in determining right-of-use assets and lease liabilities include the noncancellable portion of the underlying leases along with any reasonably certain lease periods associated with available renewal periods. Our leases do not contain any residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit discount rate, we use an estimated incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of the lease payments. The estimated incremental borrowing rate represents the estimated rate of interest we would have had to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis an amount equal to the lease payments for a similar period of time.
The components of lease expense are as follows:

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
August 23, 2019 | August 23, 2019
Operating lease cost | $ | 12.5 |  |  | $ | 24.6 |  |
Sublease rental income | (0.3 | ) |  | (0.4 | ) |
| $ | 12.2 |  |  | $ | 24.2 |  |

Supplemental cash flow and other information related to leases are as follows:

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
August 23, 2019 | August 23, 2019
Cash flow information: |  |  |  |
Operating cash flows used for operating leases | $ | 11.5 |  |  | $ | 23.4 |  |
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease obligations | $ | 18.6 |  |  | $ | 58.2 |  |

|  | August 23, 2019
| Other information: |  |
| Weighted-average remaining term | 7.3 years |  |
| Weighted-average discount rate | 4.2 | % |

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following table summarizes the future minimum lease payments as of August 23, 2019:

Fiscal year ending in February | Amount (1)
2020 | $ | 23.3 |  |
2021 | 42.9 |  |
2022 | 38.5 |  |
2023 | 33.5 |  |
2024 | 28.9 |  |
Thereafter | 101.3 |  |
Total lease payments | 268.4 |  |
Less interest | 39.0 |  |
Present value of lease liabilities | $ | 229.4 |  |

_______________________________________

(1) | Lease payments include options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised. The payments exclude legally binding minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced.

The following table summarizes future minimum lease payments as of February 22, 2019, before adoption of ASC 842:

Fiscal Year Ending in February | Minimum annual rental commitments | Minimum annual sublease rental income | Minimum annual rental commitments, net
2020 | $ | 46.0 |  |  | $ | (0.6 | ) |  | $ | 45.4 |  |
2021 | 41.7 |  |  | (0.3 | ) |  | 41.4 |  |
2022 | 40.5 |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  | 40.3 |  |
2023 | 36.5 |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  | 36.3 |  |
2024 | 28.0 |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  | 27.8 |  |
Thereafter | 72.2 |  |  | (0.6 | ) |  | 71.6 |  |
| $ | 264.9 |  |  | $ | (2.1 | ) |  | $ | 262.8 |  |

Practical Expedients Elected
We elected the following practical expedients as a result of adopting ASC 842:

• | We elected not to separate non-lease components of a contract from the lease components to which they relate for all classes of lease assets except for embedded leases, which were immaterial in Q1 2020.

• | We elected the package of practical expedients available for transition which allowed us not to reassess (1) whether previously assessed contracts contain leases, (2) the classification of the leases as operating or finance and (3) the amount of initial direct costs associated with the leases.

• | We elected not to recognize a right-of-use asset or lease liability for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less.

• | We elected not to assess whether land easements that were not previously accounted for as leases are or contain a lease.

• | We elected not to use hindsight in determining the lease term and in assessing the likelihood that a lessee purchase option will be exercised.

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
10. ACQUISITIONS
Orangebox
In Q3 2019, we acquired Orangebox Group Limited ("Orangebox"), a manufacturer of task seating, architectural pods, privacy solutions and collaborative furniture based in the United Kingdom ("U.K."). The transaction included the purchase of all of the outstanding capital stock of Orangebox for $78.9 (or £60.0) less an adjustment for working capital of $0.5 in an all-cash transaction. An additional $3.7 (or £3.0) is payable to one of the sellers over three years, contingent upon the achievement of certain business performance obligations. The acquisition was funded by borrowings under our global committed bank facility. The goodwill resulting from the acquisition relates to the expected ability to provide customers with a broader range of furniture designed to boost collaboration at work and supplement our innovative product development.
Tangible assets and liabilities of Orangebox were valued as of the acquisition date using a market analysis and intangible assets were valued using a discounted cash flow analysis, which represents a Level 3 measurement. On the acquisition date, we recorded $42.2 related to identifiable intangible assets, $23.4 related to goodwill and $16.7 related to tangible assets. The tangible assets mainly consisted of working capital (primarily accounts receivable, inventory and current liabilities), property, plant and equipment (primarily the land, building and equipment of two manufacturing locations in the U.K.) and deferred tax liabilities. Goodwill was recorded in EMEA and the Americas segments in the amounts of $18.8 and $4.6, respectively. The goodwill is not deductible for U.K. or U.S. income tax purposes. Intangible assets are principally related to dealer relationships, the Orangebox trade name and internally-developed know-how and designs, which will be amortized over periods ranging between 9 to 11 years.
The purchase price allocation for the Orangebox acquisition was incomplete as of August 23, 2019. We are still evaluating certain deferred tax adjustments.
The following table summarizes the acquired identified intangible assets and the respective fair value and useful life of each asset at the date of acquisition:

| Other Intangible Assets | Weighted Average Useful Life (Years) | Fair Value
| Dealer relationships | 10.9 |  | $ | 23.0 |  |
| Trademark | 9.0 |  | 13.2 |  |
| Know-how/designs | 9.0 |  | 5.0 |  |
| Other | 0.2 |  | 1.0 |  |
|  |  |  | $ | 42.2 |  |

The fair value of the acquired intangible assets will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining useful lives. The estimated amortization expense for the next five years is as follows:

Fiscal Year Ending in February | Amount
2020 | $ | 4.2 |  |
2021 | 4.1 |  |
2022 | 4.1 |  |
2023 | 4.1 |  |
2024 | 4.1 |  |
| $ | 20.6 |  |

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Smith System
In Q2 2019, we acquired Smith System Manufacturing Company ("Smith System"), a Texas-based manufacturer of desking, seating and storage for the pre-K-12 education market. The transaction included the purchase of all of the outstanding capital stock of Smith System for $140.0, payable in cash, plus a net adjustment for working capital of $8.4. In addition, we funded $5.0 to a third-party escrow account, which is payable to the seller at the end of two years based on continued employment. The acquisition was funded through a combination of domestic cash on-hand and short-term borrowings under our global credit facility.
Smith System is an industry leader in the U.S. pre-K-12 education market. The acquisition is expected to advance our growth strategy in the education and office markets particularly as it relates to learning environments and collaborative spaces. The goodwill resulting from the acquisition is primarily related to the growth potential of Smith System as we offer their products through our distribution network.
Tangible assets and liabilities of Smith System were valued as of the acquisition date using a market analysis and intangible assets were valued using a discounted cash flow analysis, which represents a Level 3 measurement. On the acquisition date, we recorded $44.1 related to identifiable intangible assets, $79.3 related to goodwill and $25.0 related to tangible assets, mainly consisting of working capital items such as accounts receivable, inventory and current liabilities. The entire amount recorded to goodwill is deductible for U.S. income tax purposes and is recorded in the Americas segment. Intangible assets are principally related to internally-developed know-how and designs, dealer relationships and the Smith System trade name, which will be amortized over periods ranging between 9 to 11 years. The purchase accounting for the Smith System acquisition was completed during the current year.
The following table summarizes the acquired identified intangible assets and the respective fair value and useful life of each asset at the date of acquisition:

| Other Intangible Assets | Weighted Average Useful Life (Years) | Fair Value
| Know-how/designs | 9.0 |  | $ | 16.0 |  |
| Dealer relationships | 11.0 |  | 12.0 |  |
| Trademark | 9.0 |  | 12.0 |  |
| Other | 0.9 |  | 4.1 |  |
|  |  |  | $ | 44.1 |  |

The fair value of the acquired intangible assets will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining useful lives. The estimated amortization expense for the next five years is as follows:

Fiscal Year Ending in February | Amount
2020 | $ | 4.8 |  |
2021 | 4.4 |  |
2022 | 4.2 |  |
2023 | 4.2 |  |
2024 | 4.2 |  |
| $ | 21.8 |  |

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

11. | REPORTABLE SEGMENTS

Our reportable segments consist of the Americas segment, the EMEA segment and the Other category. Unallocated corporate costs are reported as Corporate.
The Americas segment serves customers in the U.S., Canada, the Caribbean Islands and Latin America with a portfolio of integrated architecture, furniture and technology products marketed to corporate, government, healthcare, education and retail customers through the Steelcase, Coalesse, Turnstone, Smith System, AMQ and Orangebox brands.
The EMEA segment serves customers in Europe, the Middle East and Africa primarily under the Steelcase, Orangebox and Coalesse brands, with an emphasis on freestanding furniture systems, storage and seating solutions.
The Other category includes Asia Pacific, Designtex and PolyVision. Asia Pacific serves customers in Asia and Australia primarily under the Steelcase brand with an emphasis on freestanding furniture systems, seating and storage solutions. Designtex primarily sells textiles, wall coverings and surface imaging solutions specified by architects and designers directly to end-use customers through a direct sales force primarily in North America. PolyVision manufactures ceramic steel surfaces for use in various applications globally, including static whiteboards and chalkboards sold through third party fabricators and distributors to the primary and secondary education markets and architectural panels and other special applications sold through general contractors for commercial and infrastructure projects.
We primarily review and evaluate operating income by segment in both our internal review processes and for our external financial reporting. We also allocate resources primarily based on operating income. Total assets by segment include manufacturing and other assets associated with each segment.
Corporate costs include unallocated portions of shared service functions, such as information technology, corporate facilities, finance, human resources, research, legal and customer aviation, plus deferred compensation expense and income or losses associated with COLI. Corporate assets consist primarily of unallocated cash and cash equivalents, COLI and right-of-use assets related to operating leases.
Revenue and operating income (loss) for the three and six months ended August 23, 2019 and August 24, 2018 and total assets as of August 23, 2019 and February 22, 2019 by segment are presented below:

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
Reportable Segment Statement of Operations Data | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018 | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Americas | $ | 739.5 |  |  | $ | 654.1 |  |  | $ | 1,315.8 |  |  | $ | 1,189.9 |  |
EMEA | 154.2 |  |  | 133.2 |  |  | 315.5 |  |  | 270.6 |  |
Other | 104.3 |  |  | 88.5 |  |  | 191.0 |  |  | 169.3 |  |
| $ | 998.0 |  |  | $ | 875.8 |  |  | $ | 1,822.3 |  |  | $ | 1,629.8 |  |
Operating income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Americas | $ | 90.3 |  |  | $ | 77.2 |  |  | $ | 122.7 |  |  | $ | 106.9 |  |
EMEA | (5.5 | ) |  | (6.0 | ) |  | (4.7 | ) |  | (7.7 | ) |
Other | 8.9 |  |  | 4.8 |  |  | 11.2 |  |  | 6.4 |  |
Corporate | (8.4 | ) |  | (8.1 | ) |  | (16.3 | ) |  | (14.4 | ) |
| $ | 85.3 |  |  | $ | 67.9 |  |  | $ | 112.9 |  |  | $ | 91.2 |  |

Reportable Segment Balance Sheet Data | August 23, 2019 | February 22, 2019
Total assets |  |  |  |  |  |
Americas | $ | 1,139.9 |  |  | $ | 1,044.4 |  |
EMEA | 461.1 |  |  | 420.1 |  |
Other | 267.0 |  |  | 220.4 |  |
Corporate | 527.0 |  |  | 457.5 |  |
| $ | 2,395.0 |  |  | $ | 2,142.4 |  |

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Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations:

This management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 22, 2019. Reference to a year relates to the fiscal year, ended in February of the year indicated, rather than the calendar year, unless indicated by a specific date. Additionally, Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 reference the first, second, third and fourth quarter, respectively, of the fiscal year indicated. All amounts are in millions, except share and per share data, data presented as a percentage or as otherwise indicated.
Non-GAAP Financial Measure
This item contains a non-GAAP financial measure. A “non-GAAP financial measure” is defined as a numerical measure of a company’s financial performance that excludes or includes amounts so as to be different than the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP in the condensed consolidated statements of income, balance sheets or statements of cash flows of the company. Pursuant to the requirements of Regulation G, we have provided a reconciliation below of the non-GAAP financial measure to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.
The non-GAAP financial measure used is organic revenue growth, which represents the change in revenue excluding estimated currency translation effects and the impacts of acquisitions and divestitures. This measure is presented because management uses this information to monitor and evaluate financial results and trends. Therefore, management believes this information is also useful for investors.
Financial Summary
Our reportable segments consist of the Americas segment, the EMEA segment and the Other category. Unallocated corporate costs are reported as Corporate.
Results of Operations

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
Statement of Operations Data | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018 | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Revenue | $ | 998.0 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 875.8 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,822.3 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,629.8 |  |  | 100.0 | % |
Cost of sales | 664.5 |  |  | 66.6 |  |  | 587.2 |  |  | 67.0 |  |  | 1,230.4 |  |  | 67.5 |  |  | 1,103.3 |  |  | 67.7 |  |
Gross profit | 333.5 |  |  | 33.4 |  |  | 288.6 |  |  | 33.0 |  |  | 591.9 |  |  | 32.5 |  |  | 526.5 |  |  | 32.3 |  |
Operating expenses | 248.2 |  |  | 24.9 |  |  | 220.7 |  |  | 25.2 |  |  | 479.0 |  |  | 26.3 |  |  | 435.3 |  |  | 26.7 |  |
Operating income | 85.3 |  |  | 8.5 |  |  | 67.9 |  |  | 7.8 |  |  | 112.9 |  |  | 6.2 |  |  | 91.2 |  |  | 5.6 |  |
Interest expense | (6.7 | ) |  | (0.7 | ) |  | (4.9 | ) |  | (0.6 | ) |  | (13.4 | ) |  | (0.7 | ) |  | (9.3 | ) |  | (0.6 | ) |
Investment income | 1.5 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 2.5 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 1.5 |  |  | 0.1 |  |
Other income, net | 2.0 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 3.7 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | 4.2 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 7.0 |  |  | 0.4 |  |
Income before income tax expense | 82.1 |  |  | 8.2 |  |  | 67.2 |  |  | 7.7 |  |  | 106.2 |  |  | 5.8 |  |  | 90.4 |  |  | 5.5 |  |
Income tax expense | 21.6 |  |  | 2.1 |  |  | 18.1 |  |  | 2.1 |  |  | 27.9 |  |  | 1.5 |  |  | 24.3 |  |  | 1.4 |  |
Net income | $ | 60.5 |  |  | 6.1 | % |  | $ | 49.1 |  |  | 5.6 | % |  | $ | 78.3 |  |  | 4.3 | % |  | $ | 66.1 |  |  | 4.1 | % |
Earnings per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 0.50 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.41 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.65 |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.56 |  |  |  |
Diluted | $ | 0.50 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.41 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.65 |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.56 |  |  |  |

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Q2 2020 Organic Revenue Growth | Americas | EMEA | Other | Consolidated
Q2 2019 revenue | $ | 654.1 |  |  | $ | 133.2 |  |  | $ | 88.5 |  |  | $ | 875.8 |  |
Acquisitions | 26.5 |  |  | 20.8 |  |  | — |  |  | 47.3 |  |
Divestiture | — |  |  | (0.5 | ) |  | — |  |  | (0.5 | ) |
Currency translation effects* | (0.3 | ) |  | (6.1 | ) |  | (1.3 | ) |  | (7.7 | ) |
Q2 2019 revenue, adjusted | 680.3 |  |  | 147.4 |  |  | 87.2 |  |  | 914.9 |  |
Q2 2020 revenue | 739.5 |  |  | 154.2 |  |  | 104.3 |  |  | 998.0 |  |
Organic growth $ | $ | 59.2 |  |  | $ | 6.8 |  |  | $ | 17.1 |  |  | $ | 83.1 |  |
Organic growth % | 9 | % |  | 5 | % |  | 20 | % |  | 9 | % |
* Currency translation effects represent the estimated net effect of translating Q2 2019 foreign currency revenues using the average exchange rates during Q2 2020.

Year-to-date 2020 revenue | Americas | EMEA | Other | Consolidated
Year-to-date 2019 revenue | $ | 1,189.9 |  |  | $ | 270.6 |  |  | $ | 169.3 |  |  | $ | 1,629.8 |  |
Acquisitions | 42.9 |  |  | 40.1 |  |  | — |  |  | 83.0 |  |
Divestiture | — |  |  | (0.9 | ) |  | — |  |  | (0.9 | ) |
Currency translation effects* | (1.8 | ) |  | (17.8 | ) |  | (3.4 | ) |  | (23.0 | ) |
Year-to-date 2019 revenue, adjusted | 1,231.0 |  |  | 292.0 |  |  | 165.9 |  |  | 1,688.9 |  |
Year-to-date 2020 revenue | 1,315.8 |  |  | 315.5 |  |  | 191.0 |  |  | 1,822.3 |  |
Organic growth $ | $ | 84.8 |  |  | $ | 23.5 |  |  | $ | 25.1 |  |  | $ | 133.4 |  |
Organic growth % | 7 | % |  | 8 | % |  | 15 | % |  | 8 | % |
* Currency translation effects represent the estimated net effect of translating year-to-date 2019 foreign currency revenues using the average exchange rates during year-to-date 2020.

Overview
In Q2 2020, we reported $85.3 in operating income which represented a $17.4 increase or 26% compared to the prior year. The improvement was driven by revenue growth of 14% and lower cost of sales as a percentage of revenue. Revenue growth of 13% in the Americas, 16% in EMEA, and 18% in the Other category was driven by overall industry growth (including volume and pricing), acquisitions and strong order backlog at the beginning of the quarter. In addition, we believe we gained market share in the Americas and in most of our major markets in EMEA over the fiscal year-to-date, which we attribute to our increased investments in product development and other growth strategies over the past two years. The improvement in cost of sales as a percentage of revenue was driven by pricing benefits, lower commodity costs (compared to significant inflation in the prior year) and benefits from higher volume, partially offset by unfavorable shifts in business mix (which included a shift in sales from higher-margin products to lower-margin products and growth in revenue from direct-sell customers, which often includes third party products and services which generate lower than average gross margins) and increased investments to support our growth strategies.
Q2 2020 Compared to Q2 2019
We recorded net income of $60.5 and diluted earnings per share of $0.50 in Q2 2020 compared to net income of $49.1 and diluted earnings per share of $0.41 in the prior year. Operating income of $85.3 in Q2 2020 increased by $17.4, or 70 basis points as a percentage of revenue, compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by higher revenue, and lower cost of sales and operating expenses as a percentage of revenue contributed to the improvement in operating margin.
Revenue of $998.0 in Q2 2020 represented an increase of $122.2 or 14% compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by industry growth, acquisitions, high order backlog at the beginning of the quarter and market share gains. Revenue grew 13% in the Americas, 16% in EMEA and 18% in the Other category. After adjusting for a $47.3 impact of acquisitions, a $0.5 unfavorable impact of a divestiture and $7.7 of unfavorable currency translation effects, organic revenue growth was $83.1 or 9% compared to the prior year. Organic revenue growth was 9% in the Americas, 5% in EMEA and 20% in the Other category.
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Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue decreased by 40 basis points to 66.6% of revenue in Q2 2020 compared to Q2 2019. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue decreased by 30 basis points in the Americas, 60 basis points in EMEA and 90 basis points in the Other category. The decrease was driven by pricing benefits, lower commodity costs, and higher absorption of fixed costs, partially offset by unfavorable shifts in business mix and increased investments to support our growth initiatives.
Operating expenses of $248.2 in Q2 2020 represented an increase of $27.5 but a decline of 30 basis points as a percentage of revenue compared to the prior year, which included a $7.5 gain on the sale of property. The remaining increase was driven by $9.2 from acquisitions and $4.2 of higher investments in product development, sales and marketing.
Our effective tax rate in Q2 2020 was 26.3% compared to a Q2 2019 effective tax rate of 26.9%.
Year-to-Date 2020 Compared to Year-to-Date 2019
We recorded year-to-date 2020 net income of $78.3 and diluted earnings per share of $0.65, compared to year-to-date 2019 net income of $66.1 and diluted earnings per share of $0.56. Year-to-date 2020 operating income increased $21.7 to $112.9 compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by the same factors as the quarter.
Year-to-date 2020 revenue of $1,822.3 represented an increase of $192.5 or 12% compared to year-to-date 2019. The increase was driven by industry growth, acquisitions and market share gains. Revenue grew 11% in the Americas, 17% in EMEA and 13% in the Other category. After adjusting for a $83.0 impact of acquisitions, a $0.9 unfavorable impact of divestitures and $23.0 of unfavorable currency translation effects, organic revenue growth was $133.4 or 8%. Organic revenue growth was 7% in the Americas, 8% in EMEA and 15% in the Other category.
Cost of sales decreased by 20 basis points to 67.5% of revenue in year-to-date 2020 compared to year-to-date 2019. The decrease was due to an improvement of 70 basis points in EMEA and 50 basis points in the Other category, while the Americas was flat compared to the prior year. The year-over-year comparisons reflected the same factors as the quarter.
Operating expenses of $479.0 in year-to-date 2020 represented an increase of $43.7, but a decline of 40 basis points as a percentage of revenue compared to the prior year, which included a $7.5 gain on the sale of property. The remaining increase was driven by $21.8 from acquisitions and $5.4 of higher investments in sales, marketing and product development.
Our year-to-date 2020 effective tax rate was 26.3% compared to a year-to-date 2019 effective tax rate of 26.9%.
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Interest Expense, Investment Income and Other Income, Net

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
Interest Expense, Investment Income and Other Income, Net | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018 | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Interest expense | $ | (6.7 | ) |  | $ | (4.9 | ) |  | $ | (13.4 | ) |  | $ | (9.3 | ) |
Investment income | 1.5 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 2.5 |  |  | 1.5 |  |
Other income (expense), net: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity in income of unconsolidated affiliates | 3.2 |  |  | 3.4 |  |  | 5.7 |  |  | 6.8 |  |
Foreign exchange gains | (0.2 | ) |  | 0.4 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 0.5 |  |
Net periodic pension and post-retirement credit, excluding service cost | 0.2 |  |  | 1.0 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | 1.9 |  |
Miscellaneous, net | (1.2 | ) |  | (1.1 | ) |  | (2.0 | ) |  | (2.2 | ) |
Total other income, net | 2.0 |  |  | 3.7 |  |  | 4.2 |  |  | 7.0 |  |
Total interest expense, investment income and other income, net | $ | (3.2 | ) |  | $ | (0.7 | ) |  | $ | (6.7 | ) |  | $ | (0.8 | ) |

The increase in interest expense in Q2 2020 and year-to-date 2020 was due to the higher level of outstanding debt following the issuance of new term notes in the fourth quarter of the prior year.
Business Segment Review
See Note 11 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding our business segments.
Americas
The Americas segment serves customers in the U.S., Canada, the Caribbean Islands and Latin America with a portfolio of integrated architecture, furniture and technology products marketed to corporate, government, healthcare, education and retail customers through the Steelcase, Coalesse, Turnstone, Smith System, AMQ and Orangebox brands.

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
Statement of Operations Data — Americas | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018 | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Revenue | $ | 739.5 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 654.1 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,315.8 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,189.9 |  |  | 100.0 | % |
Cost of sales | 486.3 |  |  | 65.8 |  |  | 432.6 |  |  | 66.1 |  |  | 879.7 |  |  | 66.9 |  |  | 796.2 |  |  | 66.9 |  |
Gross profit | 253.2 |  |  | 34.2 |  |  | 221.5 |  |  | 33.9 |  |  | 436.1 |  |  | 33.1 |  |  | 393.7 |  |  | 33.1 |  |
Operating expenses | 162.9 |  |  | 22.0 |  |  | 144.3 |  |  | 22.1 |  |  | 313.4 |  |  | 23.8 |  |  | 286.8 |  |  | 24.1 |  |
Operating income | $ | 90.3 |  |  | 12.2 | % |  | $ | 77.2 |  |  | 11.8 | % |  | $ | 122.7 |  |  | 9.3 | % |  | $ | 106.9 |  |  | 9.0 | % |

Operating income in the Americas increased by $13.1 and $15.8, respectively, in Q2 2020 and year-to-date 2020 compared to the prior year. The increase in Q2 2020 was driven by higher revenue and lower cost of sales as a percentage of revenue compared to the prior year. On a year-to-date basis, the increase was driven by higher revenue and lower operating expenses as a percentage of revenue.
The Americas revenue represented 74.1% of consolidated revenue in Q2 2020. Q2 2020 revenue of $739.5 represented an increase of $85.4 or 13% compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by industry growth, acquisitions, high order backlog at the beginning of the quarter and market share gains. After adjusting for a $26.5 impact of acquisitions and $0.3 of unfavorable currency translation effects, organic revenue growth in Q2 2020 was $59.2 or 9% compared to the prior year.
Year-to-date 2020 revenue of $1,315.8 represented an increase of $125.9 or 11% compared to year-to-date 2019. The increase was driven by industry growth, acquisitions and market share gains. After adjusting for a $42.9 impact of acquisitions and $1.8 of unfavorable currency translation effects, year-to-date 2020 organic revenue growth was $84.8 or 7% compared to the prior year.
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Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue decreased by 30 basis points in Q2 2020 compared to Q2 2019. The decrease was driven by approximately $15 of pricing benefits, approximately $6 of lower commodity costs, and higher absorption of fixed costs, partially offset by unfavorable shifts in business mix and approximately $3 of increased investments to support growth initiatives. Year-to-date 2020 cost of sales as a percentage of revenue was flat compared to the prior year, and approximately $23 of pricing benefits, approximately $4 of lower commodity costs and higher absorption of fixed costs were offset by unfavorable shifts in business mix.
Operating expenses in Q2 2020 increased by $18.6 but declined by 10 basis points as a percentage of revenue compared to the prior year, which included a $7.5 gain on the sale of property. The remaining increase was driven by $3.1 of higher investments in product development, sales and marketing and $2.0 from acquisitions. Year-to-date 2020 operating expenses increased by $26.6 but declined by 30 basis points as a percentage of revenue compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by the same factors as the quarter.
EMEA
The EMEA segment serves customers in Europe, the Middle East and Africa primarily under the Steelcase, Orangebox and Coalesse brands, with an emphasis on freestanding furniture systems, seating and storage solutions.

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
Statement of Operations Data — EMEA | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018 | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Revenue | $ | 154.2 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 133.2 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 315.5 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 270.6 |  |  | 100.0 | % |
Cost of sales | 112.6 |  |  | 73.0 |  |  | 98.1 |  |  | 73.6 |  |  | 228.3 |  |  | 72.4 |  |  | 197.4 |  |  | 72.9 |  |
Gross profit | 41.6 |  |  | 27.0 |  |  | 35.1 |  |  | 26.4 |  |  | 87.2 |  |  | 27.6 |  |  | 73.2 |  |  | 27.1 |  |
Operating expenses | 47.1 |  |  | 30.6 |  |  | 41.1 |  |  | 30.9 |  |  | 91.9 |  |  | 29.1 |  |  | 80.9 |  |  | 29.9 |  |
Operating loss | $ | (5.5 | ) |  | (3.6 | )% |  | $ | (6.0 | ) |  | (4.5 | )% |  | $ | (4.7 | ) |  | (1.5 | )% |  | $ | (7.7 | ) |  | (2.8 | )% |

Operating results in EMEA improved in Q2 2020 and year-to-date 2020 by $0.5 and $3.0, respectively, compared to the prior year. The improvement was driven by higher revenue, and lower cost of sales and operating expenses as a percentage of revenue contributed to the improvement in operating margin.
EMEA revenue represented 15.5% of consolidated revenue in Q2 2020. Q2 2020 revenue of $154.2 represented an increase of $21.0 or 16% compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by revenue from an acquisition and growth in Germany, partially offset by $6.1 of unfavorable currency translation effects. After adjusting for a $20.8 impact of an acquisition, $6.1 of unfavorable currency translation effects and a $0.5 unfavorable impact of a divestiture, organic revenue growth was $6.8 or 5% compared to the prior year. For year-to-date 2020, revenue increased by $44.9 or 17% compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by revenue from an acquisition and growth in Germany and France, partially offset by $17.8 of unfavorable currency translation effects. After adjusting for a $40.1 impact of an acquisition, $17.8 of unfavorable currency translation effects and a $0.9 unfavorable impact of a divestiture, organic revenue growth was $23.5 or 8% compared to the prior year.
Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue decreased 60 basis points to 73.0% of revenue in Q2 2020 compared to the prior year. The decrease included a 40 basis point improvement due to lower cost of sales as a percentage of revenue at the acquired company compared to the rest of the segment and approximately $3 of pricing benefits, partially offset by unfavorable shifts in business mix. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue decreased 50 basis points to 72.4% of revenue in year-to-date 2020 compared to the prior year. The decrease was driven by the same factors as the quarter.
Operating expenses in Q2 2020 increased by $6.0 but decreased by 30 basis points as a percentage of revenue compared to the prior year. The increase in operating expenses in Q2 2020 was primarily due to $7.2 from the acquisition, partially offset by $1.6 of favorable currency translation effects. Operating expenses for year-to-date 2020 increased by $11.0 but decreased by 80 basis points as a percentage of revenue compared to the prior year and the increase was driven by the same factors as the quarter.
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Other
The Other category includes Asia Pacific, Designtex and PolyVision. Asia Pacific serves customers in Asia and Australia primarily under the Steelcase brand with an emphasis on freestanding furniture systems, seating and storage solutions. Designtex primarily sells textiles, wall coverings and surface imaging solutions specified by architects and designers directly to end-use customers through a direct sales force primarily in North America. PolyVision manufactures ceramic steel surfaces for use in various applications globally, including static whiteboards and chalkboards sold through third party fabricators and distributors to the primary and secondary education markets and architectural panels and other special applications sold through general contractors for commercial and infrastructure projects.

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
Statement of Operations Data — Other | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018 | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Revenue | $ | 104.3 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 88.5 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 191.0 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 169.3 |  |  | 100.0 | % |
Cost of sales | 65.6 |  |  | 62.9 |  |  | 56.5 |  |  | 63.8 |  |  | 122.4 |  |  | 64.1 |  |  | 109.7 |  |  | 64.8 |  |
Gross profit | 38.7 |  |  | 37.1 |  |  | 32.0 |  |  | 36.2 |  |  | 68.6 |  |  | 35.9 |  |  | 59.6 |  |  | 35.2 |  |
Operating expenses | 29.8 |  |  | 28.6 |  |  | 27.2 |  |  | 30.8 |  |  | 57.4 |  |  | 30.0 |  |  | 53.2 |  |  | 31.4 |  |
Operating income | $ | 8.9 |  |  | 8.5 | % |  | $ | 4.8 |  |  | 5.4 | % |  | $ | 11.2 |  |  | 5.9 | % |  | $ | 6.4 |  |  | 3.8 | % |

Operating income in the Other category in Q2 2020 and year-to-date 2020 increased by $4.1 and $4.8, respectively, compared to the prior year, driven primarily by higher revenue in Asia Pacific and Designtex.
Revenue in the Other category represented 10.4% of consolidated revenue in Q2 2020. Q2 2020 revenue of $104.3 represented an increase of $15.8 or 18% compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by strength at Designtex and Asia Pacific (across most markets). Year-to-date 2020 revenue of $191.0 represented an increase of $21.7 or 13%, compared to the prior year. The increase was driven primarily by strength in Asia Pacific (led by India and Greater China) and Designtex.
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Corporate
Corporate costs include unallocated portions of shared service functions, such as information technology, corporate facilities, finance, human resources, research, legal and customer aviation, plus deferred compensation expense and income or losses associated with COLI.

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
Statement of Operations Data — Corporate | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018 | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Operating expenses | $ | 8.4 |  |  | $ | 8.1 |  |  | $ | 16.3 |  |  | $ | 14.4 |  |

The increase in operating expenses in year-to-date 2020 compared to the prior year was due primarily to lower COLI income.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Based on current business conditions, we target a range of $75 to $175 in cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments to fund day-to-day operations, including seasonal disbursements, particularly the annual payment of accrued variable compensation and retirement plan contributions in Q1 of each fiscal year. In addition, we may carry additional liquidity for potential investments in strategic initiatives and as a cushion against economic volatility, and from time to time, we may allow our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments to temporarily fall below our targeted range to fund acquisitions and other growth initiatives.

Liquidity Sources | August 23, 2019 | February 22, 2019
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 229.1 |  |  | $ | 261.3 |  |
Company-owned life insurance | 156.2 |  |  | 156.1 |  |
Availability under credit facilities | 228.5 |  |  | 227.9 |  |
Total liquidity | $ | 613.8 |  |  | $ | 645.3 |  |

As of August 23, 2019, we held a total of $229.1 in cash and cash equivalents. Of that total, approximately 81% was located in the U.S. and the remaining 19% was located outside of the U.S., primarily in China, Malaysia, the U.K., Mexico and Hong Kong.
COLI investments are recorded at their net cash surrender value. A portion of our investments in COLI policies are intended to be utilized as a long-term funding source for long-term benefit obligations. However, COLI can also be used as a source of liquidity. We believe the financial strength of the issuing insurance companies associated with our COLI policies is sufficient to meet their obligations.
Availability under credit facilities may be reduced related to compliance with applicable covenants. See Liquidity Facilities for more information.
The following table summarizes our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended August 23, 2019 and August 24, 2018:

| Six Months Ended
Cash Flow Data | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Net cash provided by (used in): |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating activities | $ | 42.8 |  |  | $ | (38.3 | ) |
Investing activities | (29.6 | ) |  | (168.4 | ) |
Financing activities | (42.7 | ) |  | (26.9 | ) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (1.4 | ) |  | (2.8 | ) |
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (30.9 | ) |  | (236.4 | ) |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | 264.8 |  |  | 285.6 |  |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | 233.9 |  |  | $ | 49.2 |  |

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Cash provided by (used in) operating activities

| Six Months Ended
Cash Flow Data — Operating Activities | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Net income | $ | 78.3 |  |  | $ | 66.1 |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 41.4 |  |  | 38.7 |  |
Non-cash stock compensation | 12.0 |  |  | 12.9 |  |
Other | 4.6 |  |  | (10.9 | ) |
Changes in accounts receivable, inventories and accounts payable | (64.9 | ) |  | (92.2 | ) |
Changes in employee compensation liabilities | (46.1 | ) |  | (40.1 | ) |
Employee benefit obligations | (17.7 | ) |  | (18.7 | ) |
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities | 35.2 |  |  | 5.9 |  |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | 42.8 |  |  | $ | (38.3 | ) |

Cash provided by operating activities in year-to-date 2020 as compared to year-to-date 2019 was driven by strong earnings growth, a decrease in the use of working capital and timing of estimated income tax payments.
Cash used in investing activities

| Six Months Ended
Cash Flow Data — Investing Activities | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Capital expenditures | $ | (32.5 | ) |  | $ | (41.5 | ) |
Proceeds from COLI policies | 1.1 |  |  | 20.7 |  |
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired | — |  |  | (149.5 | ) |
Other | 1.8 |  |  | 1.9 |  |
Net cash used in investing activities | $ | (29.6 | ) |  | $ | (168.4 | ) |

In year-to-date 2020, capital expenditures were primarily related to investments in manufacturing operations, customer-facing facilities and product development.
Proceeds from our COLI policies were lower in year-to-date 2020 as compared to year-to-date 2019 due to lower policy maturities.
Cash used in financing activities

| Six Months Ended
Cash Flow Data — Financing Activities | August 23, 2019 | August 24, 2018
Dividends paid | $ | (34.5 | ) |  | $ | (32.3 | ) |
Common stock repurchases | (5.9 | ) |  | (3.5 | ) |
Net borrowings and repayments of debt | (1.3 | ) |  | 8.9 |  |
Other | (1.0 | ) |  | — |  |
Net cash used in financing activities | $ | (42.7 | ) |  | $ | (26.9 | ) |

We paid dividends of $0.145 per common share in each of Q1 2020 and Q2 2020 and $0.135 per common share in each of Q1 2019 and Q2 2019.
In year-to-date 2020, we repurchased 347,256 shares of Class A common stock, 239,831 of which were made to satisfy participants' tax withholding obligations upon the issuance of equity awards, pursuant to the terms of our Incentive Compensation Plan. In year-to-date 2019, we made common stock repurchases of 245,663 shares, 236,102 of which were made to satisfy participants' tax withholding obligations upon the issuance of equity awards.
As of August 23, 2019, we had $97.2 of remaining availability under the $150 share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors in 2016.
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
During Q2 2020, no material change in our off-balance sheet arrangements occurred.
Contractual Obligations
During Q2 2020, no material change in our contractual obligations occurred.
Liquidity Facilities
Our total liquidity facilities as of August 23, 2019 were:

Liquidity Facilities | August 23, 2019
Global committed bank facility | $ | 200.0 |  |
Various uncommitted lines | 28.5 |  |
Total credit lines available | 228.5 |  |
Less: Borrowings outstanding | (0.5 | ) |
Available capacity | $ | 228.0 |  |

We have a $200 global committed five-year bank facility which expires in 2022. As of August 23, 2019, there were no borrowings outstanding under the facility, our availability was not limited, and we were in compliance with all covenants under the facility.
The various uncommitted lines may be changed or canceled by the banks at any time. There was $0.5 of outstanding borrowings under the uncommitted facilities as of August 23, 2019.
In addition, we have credit agreements totaling $44.8 which can be utilized to support letters of credit, bank guarantees or foreign exchange contracts. Letters of credit and bank guarantees of $12.5 were outstanding under these facilities as of August 23, 2019. There were no draws on our standby letters of credit during year-to-date 2020 or year-to-date 2019.
Total consolidated debt as of August 23, 2019 was $485.0. Our debt primarily consists of $442.9 in term notes due in 2029 with an effective interest rate of 5.6%. In addition, we have a term loan with a balance as of August 23, 2019 of $41.4. This term loan has a floating interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 1.20% and is due in 2024. The term notes are unsecured, and the term loan is secured by our corporate aircraft. The term notes and the term loan do not contain financial covenants and are not cross-defaulted to our other debt facilities.
Liquidity Outlook
Our current cash and cash equivalents, funds available under our credit facilities, funds available from COLI and cash generated from future operations are expected to be sufficient to finance our known or foreseeable liquidity needs. In addition, we have flexibility over significant uses of cash including our capital expenditures, growth strategies and discretionary operating expenses.
Our significant funding requirements include operating expenses, non-cancelable operating lease obligations, capital expenditures, variable compensation and retirement plan contributions, dividend payments and debt service obligations.
We expect capital expenditures to total approximately $80 to $90 in 2020 compared to $81 in 2019. This amount includes investments in manufacturing operations, product development and our customer-facing facilities.
On September 19, 2019, we announced a quarterly dividend on our common stock of $0.145 per share, or approximately $17.0, to be paid in Q3 2020. Future dividends will be subject to approval by our Board of Directors.
Critical Accounting Estimates
During Q2 2020, there have been no changes in the items that we have identified as critical accounting estimates.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
See Note 2 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Forward-looking Statements
From time to time, in written and oral statements, we discuss our expectations regarding future events and our plans and objectives for future operations. These forward-looking statements discuss goals, intentions and expectations as to future trends, plans, events, results of operations or financial condition, or state other information relating to us, based on current beliefs of management as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, us. Forward-looking statements generally are accompanied by words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “intend,” “may,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” or other similar words, phrases or expressions. Although we believe these forward-looking statements are reasonable, they are based upon a number of assumptions concerning future conditions, any or all of which may ultimately prove to be inaccurate. Forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to vary from our expectations because of factors such as, but not limited to, competitive and general economic conditions domestically and internationally; acts of terrorism, war, governmental action, natural disasters and other Force Majeure events; changes in the legal and regulatory environment; changes in raw material, commodity and other input costs; currency fluctuations; changes in customer demand; and the other risks and contingencies detailed in this Report, our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We undertake no obligation to update, amend, or clarify forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.
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Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk:

The nature of market risks (i.e., the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices) faced by us as of August 23, 2019 is the same as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended February 22, 2019. We are exposed to market risks from foreign currency exchange, interest rates, commodity prices and fixed income and equity prices, which could affect our operating results, financial position and cash flows.
Foreign Exchange Risk
During Q2 2020, no material change in foreign exchange risk occurred.
Interest Rate Risk
During Q2 2020, no material change in interest rate risk occurred.
Commodity Price Risk
During Q2 2020, no material change in commodity price risk occurred.
Fixed Income and Equity Price Risk
During Q2 2020, no material change in fixed income and equity price risk occurred.

Item 4. | Controls and Procedures:

(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), as of August 23, 2019. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of August 23, 2019, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in (1) recording, processing, summarizing and reporting, on a timely basis, information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act and (2) ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in such reports is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
(b) Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during our second fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1A. | Risk Factors

For a more detailed explanation of the risks affecting our business, please refer to the Risk Factors section in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 22, 2019. There has not been a material change to the risk factors set forth in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 22, 2019.

Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds:

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following is a summary of share repurchase activity during Q2 2020:

Period | (a) Total Number of Shares Purchased | (b) Average Price Paid per Share | (c) Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1) | (d) Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1) (in millions)
5/25/2019 - 6/28/2019 | 143 |  | $ | 17.04 |  | — |  | $ | 98.9 |
6/29/2019 - 7/26/2019 | 4,516 |  | $ | 17.19 |  | — |  | $ | 98.9 |
7/27/2019 - 8/23/2019 | 113,294 |  | $ | 15.49 |  | 107,425 |  | $ | 97.2 |
Total | 117,953 |  | (2) | 107,425 |  |  |

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(1) | In January 2016, the Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program permitting the repurchase of up to $150 of shares of our common stock. On June 25, 2019, we entered into a stock repurchase agreement with an independent third-party broker under which the broker is authorized to repurchase up to 1,500,000 shares of our common stock on our behalf during the period from June 26, 2019 through December 26, 2019, subject to certain price, market and volume constraints specified in the agreement. The agreement was established in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act. Shares purchased under the agreement are part of our share repurchase program approved in January 2016.

(2) | 10,528 shares were repurchased to satisfy participants’ tax withholding obligations upon the vesting of equity awards, pursuant to the terms of our Incentive Compensation Plan.

Item 6. | Exhibits:

Exhibit No. | Description
31.1 | Certification of CEO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2 | Certification of CFO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1 | Certification of CEO and CFO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

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Table of Contents
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

STEELCASE INC. |

By: | /s/ David C. Sylvester
| David C. Sylvester Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer (Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer)

Date: September 20, 2019
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