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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
___________________________________________________________
FORM 10-Q

☑ |  | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended August 26, 2022

or
☐ |  | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission File Number 1-13873
___________________________________________________________
STEELCASE INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Michigan |  | 38-0819050
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
901 44th Street SE |  |
Grand Rapids, | Michigan |  | 49508
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)

(616) 247-2710
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
None
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock | SCS | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☑ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐ | Emerging growth company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑
As of September 20, 2022, Steelcase Inc. had 92,308,638 shares of Class A Common Stock and 20,475,134 shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding.

Table of Contents

STEELCASE INC. FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED August 26, 2022 INDEX

|  | Page No.
PART I | Financial Information | 1
Item 1. | Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended August 26, 2022 and August 27, 2021 | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three and Six Months Ended August 2 6, 2022 and August 27, 2021 | 2
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of August 2 6, 2022 and February 25, 2022 | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for the Three and Six Months Ended August 2 6, 2022 and August 27, 2021 | 4
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended August 2 6, 2022 and August 27, 2021 | 5
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 6
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 22
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 33
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 34
PART II | Other Information | 35
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 35
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 35
Item 6. | Exhibits | 36
Signatures | 37

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.Financial Statements:

STEELCASE INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited) (in millions, except per share data)

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
| August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021
Revenue | $ | 863.3 |  |  | $ | 724.8 |  |  | $ | 1,604.0 |  |  | $ | 1,281.4 |  |
Cost of sales | 612.5 |  |  | 518.0 |  |  | 1,160.7 |  |  | 919.9 |  |
Restructuring costs | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.9 |  |  | — |  |
Gross profit | 250.8 |  |  | 206.8 |  |  | 442.4 |  |  | 361.5 |  |
Operating expenses | 221.4 |  |  | 172.9 |  |  | 422.3 |  |  | 359.4 |  |
Restructuring costs | 0.5 |  |  | — |  |  | 3.8 |  |  | — |  |
Operating income | 28.9 |  |  | 33.9 |  |  | 16.3 |  |  | 2.1 |  |
Interest expense | (7.2) |  |  | (6.4) |  |  | (13.6) |  |  | (12.8) |  |
Investment income | 0.3 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | 0.3 |  |
Other income, net | 4.4 |  |  | 1.8 |  |  | 7.5 |  |  | 1.0 |  |
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit) | 26.4 |  |  | 29.4 |  |  | 10.6 |  |  | (9.4) |  |
Income tax expense (benefit) | 6.8 |  |  | 4.7 |  |  | 2.4 |  |  | (6.0) |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | 19.6 |  |  | $ | 24.7 |  |  | $ | 8.2 |  |  | $ | (3.4) |  |
Earnings (loss) per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 0.17 |  |  | $ | 0.21 |  |  | $ | 0.07 |  |  | $ | (0.03) |  |
Diluted | $ | 0.17 |  |  | $ | 0.21 |  |  | $ | 0.07 |  |  | $ | (0.03) |  |
Dividends declared and paid per common share | $ | 0.145 |  |  | $ | 0.145 |  |  | $ | 0.290 |  |  | $ | 0.245 |  |

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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STEELCASE INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (Unaudited)
(in millions)

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
| August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021
Net income (loss) | $ | 19.6 |  |  | $ | 24.7 |  |  | $ | 8.2 |  |  | $ | (3.4) |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized gain on investment | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.2 |  |
Pension and other post-retirement liability adjustments | — |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.3 |  |
Derivative amortization | 0.2 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 0.4 |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | (21.3) |  |  | (12.7) |  |  | (39.9) |  |  | (11.8) |  |
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net | (20.8) |  |  | (12.1) |  |  | (39.2) |  |  | (10.9) |  |
Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | (1.2) |  |  | $ | 12.6 |  |  | $ | (31.0) |  |  | $ | (14.3) |  |

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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STEELCASE INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (in millions)

| (Unaudited) |
| August 26, 2022 | February 25, 2022
ASSETS |
Current assets: |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 52.2 |  |  | $ | 200.9 |  |
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $8.6 and $8.0 | 413.3 |  |  | 340.4 |  |
Inventories | 396.7 |  |  | 326.2 |  |
Prepaid expenses | 31.2 |  |  | 24.0 |  |
Income taxes receivable | 19.5 |  |  | 41.7 |  |
Other current assets | 40.0 |  |  | 26.0 |  |
Total current assets | 952.9 |  |  | 959.2 |  |
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $1,085.8 and $1,089.0 | 404.5 |  |  | 392.8 |  |
Company-owned life insurance ("COLI") | 161.7 |  |  | 168.0 |  |
Deferred income taxes | 114.6 |  |  | 121.2 |  |
Goodwill | 277.0 |  |  | 242.8 |  |
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $93.4 and $86.4 | 123.0 |  |  | 85.5 |  |
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates | 45.8 |  |  | 53.1 |  |
Right-of-use operating lease assets | 193.6 |  |  | 209.8 |  |
Other assets | 29.5 |  |  | 28.6 |  |
Total assets | $ | 2,302.6 |  |  | $ | 2,261.0 |  |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 274.2 |  |  | $ | 243.6 |  |
Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt | 118.1 |  |  | 5.1 |  |
Current operating lease obligations | 40.7 |  |  | 44.2 |  |
Accrued expenses: |  |  |  |
Employee compensation | 78.9 |  |  | 75.6 |  |
Employee benefit plan obligations | 22.0 |  |  | 25.4 |  |
Accrued promotions | 27.4 |  |  | 32.9 |  |
Customer deposits | 65.3 |  |  | 53.4 |  |
Other | 98.5 |  |  | 87.0 |  |
Total current liabilities | 725.1 |  |  | 567.2 |  |
Long-term liabilities: |  |  |  |
Long-term debt less current maturities | 445.4 |  |  | 477.4 |  |
Employee benefit plan obligations | 111.4 |  |  | 126.7 |  |
Long-term operating lease obligations | 168.7 |  |  | 182.2 |  |
Other long-term liabilities | 52.6 |  |  | 55.3 |  |
Total long-term liabilities | 778.1 |  |  | 841.6 |  |
Total liabilities | 1,503.2 |  |  | 1,408.8 |  |
Shareholders’ equity: |  |  |  |
Additional paid-in capital | 13.7 |  |  | 1.5 |  |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | (89.8) |  |  | (50.6) |  |
Retained earnings | 875.5 |  |  | 901.3 |  |
Total shareholders’ equity | 799.4 |  |  | 852.2 |  |
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 2,302.6 |  |  | $ | 2,261.0 |  |

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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STEELCASE INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)
(in millions, except share and per share data)

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
| August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021
Changes in common shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common shares outstanding, beginning of period | 112,740,491 |  |  | 115,664,399 |  |  | 112,109,294 |  |  | 114,908,676 |  |
Common stock issuances | 21,209 |  |  | 14,204 |  |  | 42,381 |  |  | 27,297 |  |
Common stock repurchases | (198) |  |  | (1,873,804) |  |  | (279,301) |  |  | (2,227,000) |  |
Performance and restricted stock units issued as common stock | 500 |  |  | 16,559 |  |  | 889,628 |  |  | 1,112,385 |  |
Common shares outstanding, end of period | 112,762,002 |  |  | 113,821,358 |  |  | 112,762,002 |  |  | 113,821,358 |  |
Changes in additional paid-in capital (1): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Additional paid-in capital, beginning of period | $ | 10.3 |  |  | $ | 21.3 |  |  | $ | 1.5 |  |  | $ | 12.5 |  |
Common stock issuances | 0.3 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 0.4 |  |
Common stock repurchases | — |  |  | (23.4) |  |  | (3.4) |  |  | (27.7) |  |
Performance and restricted stock units expense | 3.1 |  |  | 1.9 |  |  | 15.1 |  |  | 14.8 |  |
Additional paid-in capital, end of period | 13.7 |  |  | — |  |  | 13.7 |  |  | — |  |
Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of period | (69.0) |  |  | (38.8) |  |  | (50.6) |  |  | (40.0) |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss) | (20.8) |  |  | (12.1) |  |  | (39.2) |  |  | (10.9) |  |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), end of period | (89.8) |  |  | (50.9) |  |  | (89.8) |  |  | (50.9) |  |
Changes in retained earnings: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retained earnings, beginning of period | 872.8 |  |  | 947.8 |  |  | 901.3 |  |  | 988.0 |  |
Net income (loss) | 19.6 |  |  | 24.7 |  |  | 8.2 |  |  | (3.4) |  |
Dividends paid | (16.9) |  |  | (17.1) |  |  | (34.0) |  |  | (29.2) |  |
Common stock repurchases | — |  |  | (3.2) |  |  | — |  |  | (3.2) |  |
Retained earnings, end of period | 875.5 |  |  | 952.2 |  |  | 875.5 |  |  | 952.2 |  |
Total shareholders' equity | $ | 799.4 |  |  | $ | 901.3 |  |  | $ | 799.4 |  |  | $ | 901.3 |  |

_______________________________________
(1)Shares of our Class A and Class B common stock have no par value; thus, there are no balances for common stock.
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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STEELCASE INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited) (in millions)

| Six Months Ended
| August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021
OPERATING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | 8.2 |  |  | $ | (3.4) |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 43.7 |  |  | 41.2 |  |
Share-based compensation | 15.6 |  |  | 15.2 |  |
Restructuring costs | 4.7 |  |  | — |  |
Other | (2.4) |  |  | (20.6) |  |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable | (83.6) |  |  | (58.0) |  |
Inventories | (67.4) |  |  | (42.0) |  |
Income taxes receivable | 22.2 |  |  | (2.2) |  |
Other assets | (21.2) |  |  | (18.1) |  |
Accounts payable | 33.5 |  |  | 54.7 |  |
Employee compensation liabilities | 1.3 |  |  | (30.7) |  |
Employee benefit obligations | (18.6) |  |  | (14.9) |  |
Customer deposits | (10.8) |  |  | 14.0 |  |
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | 0.4 |  |  | 3.2 |  |
Net cash used in operating activities | (74.4) |  |  | (61.6) |  |
INVESTING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures | (28.9) |  |  | (31.8) |  |
Proceeds from disposal of fixed assets | 5.6 |  |  | 16.8 |  |
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired | (105.4) |  |  | — |  |
Other | 13.4 |  |  | 8.5 |  |
Net cash used in investing activities | (115.3) |  |  | (6.5) |  |
FINANCING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |
Dividends paid | (34.0) |  |  | (29.2) |  |
Common stock repurchases | (3.4) |  |  | (30.9) |  |
Borrowings on global committed bank facility | 266.8 |  |  | — |  |
Repayments on global committed bank facility | (187.0) |  |  | — |  |
Other | 0.9 |  |  | 0.2 |  |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 43.3 |  |  | (59.9) |  |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (2.0) |  |  | (0.6) |  |
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (148.4) |  |  | (128.6) |  |
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period (1) | 207.0 |  |  | 495.6 |  |
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period (2) | $ | 58.6 |  |  | $ | 367.0 |  |

_______________________________________
(1)These amounts include restricted cash of $6.1 and $5.8 as of February 25, 2022 and February 26, 2021, respectively.
(2)These amounts include restricted cash of $6.4 and $6.3 as of August 26, 2022 and August 27, 2021, respectively.
Restricted cash primarily represents funds held in escrow for potential future workers’ compensation and product liability claims. Restricted cash is included as part of Other assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1.BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions in Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals and adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial statements have been included. Results for interim periods should not be considered indicative of results to be expected for a full year. Reference should be made to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 25, 2022 (“Form 10-K”). The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of February 25, 2022 was derived from the audited Consolidated Balance Sheet included in our Form 10-K.
As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Report”), unless otherwise expressly stated or the context otherwise requires, all references to “Steelcase,” “we,” “our,” “Company” and similar references are to Steelcase Inc. and its subsidiaries in which a controlling interest is maintained. Unless the context otherwise indicates, reference to a year relates to the fiscal year, ended in February of the year indicated, rather than a calendar year. Additionally, Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 reference the first, second, third and fourth quarter, respectively, of the fiscal year indicated. All amounts are in millions, except share and per share data, data presented as a percentage or as otherwise indicated.
2.NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
We evaluate all Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs") issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board for consideration of their applicability to our consolidated financial statements. We have assessed all ASUs issued but not yet adopted and concluded that those not disclosed are either not applicable to us or are not expected to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
3.REVENUE
Disaggregation of Revenue
The following table provides information about disaggregated revenue by product category for each of our reportable segments:

Product Category Data | Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021
Americas |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Desking, benching, systems and storage | $ | 303.4 |  |  | $ | 244.3 |  |  | $ | 563.7 |  |  | $ | 429.4 |  |
Seating | 203.3 |  |  | 165.5 |  |  | 359.5 |  |  | 283.7 |  |
Other (1) | 144.9 |  |  | 113.5 |  |  | 249.2 |  |  | 186.5 |  |
EMEA |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Desking, benching, systems and storage | 49.4 |  |  | 41.7 |  |  | 105.1 |  |  | 96.5 |  |
Seating | 45.7 |  |  | 55.7 |  |  | 99.0 |  |  | 89.6 |  |
Other (1) | 42.7 |  |  | 41.5 |  |  | 90.1 |  |  | 76.4 |  |
Other |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Desking, benching, systems and storage | 14.1 |  |  | 14.5 |  |  | 25.8 |  |  | 25.3 |  |
Seating | 22.3 |  |  | 16.2 |  |  | 39.7 |  |  | 30.7 |  |
Other (1) | 37.5 |  |  | 31.9 |  |  | 71.9 |  |  | 63.3 |  |
| $ | 863.3 |  |  | $ | 724.8 |  |  | $ | 1,604.0 |  |  | $ | 1,281.4 |  |

_______________________________________
(1)The other product category data by segment consists primarily of products sold by consolidated dealers, textiles and surface materials, worktools, architecture and other uncategorized product lines and services, less promotions and incentives on all product categories.
Reportable geographic information is as follows:

Reportable Geographic Revenue | Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended |
August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 |  |
United States | $ | 634.6 |  |  | $ | 493.5 |  |  | $ | 1,136.3 |  |  | $ | 852.8 |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign locations | 228.7 |  |  | 231.3 |  |  | 467.7 |  |  | 428.6 |  |  |  |  |  |
| $ | 863.3 |  |  | $ | 724.8 |  |  | $ | 1,604.0 |  |  | $ | 1,281.4 |  |  |  |  |  |

Contract Balances
At times, we receive payments from customers before revenue is recognized, resulting in the recognition of a contract liability (Customer deposits) presented on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Changes in the Customer deposits balance during the six months ended August 26, 2022 are as follows:

| Customer Deposits
Balance as of February 25, 2022 | $ | 53.4 |  |
Recognition of revenue related to beginning of year customer deposits | (45.8) |  |
Customer deposits received, net of revenue recognized during the period | 33.4 |  |
Customer deposits acquired (1) | 24.3 |  |
Balance as of August 26, 2022 | $ | 65.3 |  |

_______________________________________
(1)Represents customer deposits acquired from Halcon Furniture LLC ("Halcon") as of the acquisition date. See Note 11 for additional information.
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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
4.EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE
Earnings (loss) per share is computed using the two-class method. The two-class method determines earnings (loss) per share for each class of common stock and participating securities according to dividends or dividend equivalents and their respective participation rights in undistributed earnings. Participating securities represent restricted stock units in which the participants have non-forfeitable rights to dividend equivalents during the performance period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share includes the effects of certain performance units in which the participants have forfeitable rights to dividend equivalents during the performance period.

Computation of Earnings (Loss) Per Share | Three Months Ended August 26, 2022 | Three Months Ended August 27, 2021
Net Income (Loss) | Basic Shares (in millions) | Diluted Shares (in millions) | Net Income (Loss) | Basic Shares (in millions) | Diluted Shares (in millions)
Amounts used in calculating earnings (loss) per share | $ | 19.6 |  |  | 117.2 |  |  | 117.7 |  |  | $ | 24.7 |  |  | 118.0 |  |  | 118.6 |  |
Impact of participating securities | (0.7) |  |  | (4.4) |  |  | (4.4) |  |  | (0.6) |  |  | (3.1) |  |  | (3.1) |  |
Amounts used in calculating earnings (loss) per share, excluding participating securities | $ | 18.9 |  |  | 112.8 |  |  | 113.3 |  |  | $ | 24.1 |  |  | 114.9 |  |  | 115.5 |  |
Earnings (loss) per share |  |  | $ | 0.17 |  |  | $ | 0.17 |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.21 |  |  | $ | 0.21 |  |

There were no anti-dilutive performance units excluded from the computation of diluted earnings (loss) per share for the three months ended August 26, 2022 and August 27, 2021.

Computation of Earnings (Loss) Per Share | Six Months Ended August 26, 2022 | Six Months Ended August 27, 2021
Net Income (Loss) | Basic Shares (in millions) | Diluted Shares (in millions) | Net Income (Loss) | Basic Shares (in millions) | Diluted Shares (in millions)
Amounts used in calculating earnings (loss) per share | $ | 8.2 |  |  | 117.0 |  |  | 117.5 |  |  | $ | (3.4) |  |  | 118.1 |  |  | 118.1 |  |
Impact of participating securities | (0.3) |  |  | (4.2) |  |  | (4.2) |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | (2.9) |  |  | (2.9) |  |
Amounts used in calculating earnings (loss) per share, excluding participating securities | $ | 7.9 |  |  | 112.8 |  |  | 113.3 |  |  | $ | (3.3) |  |  | 115.2 |  |  | 115.2 |  |
Earnings (loss) per share |  |  | $ | 0.07 |  |  | $ | 0.07 |  |  |  |  | $ | (0.03) |  |  | $ | (0.03) |  |

There were no anti-dilutive performance units excluded from the computation of diluted earnings (loss) per share for the six months ended August 26, 2022. There were 0.5 million anti-dilutive performance units excluded from the computation of diluted earnings (loss) per share for the six months ended August 27, 2021.
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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
5.ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated balances of other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended August 26, 2022:

| Unrealized gain on investment | Pension and other post-retirement liability adjustments | Derivative amortization | Foreign currency translation adjustments | Total
Balance as of May 27, 2022 | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5.4 |  |  | $ | (6.4) |  |  | $ | (68.0) |  |  | $ | (69.0) |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | 0.3 |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  | (21.3) |  |  | (20.7) |  |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | — |  |  | (0.3) |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  | (0.1) |  |
Net other comprehensive income (loss) during the period | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | (21.3) |  |  | (20.8) |  |
Balance as of August 26, 2022 | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | 5.4 |  |  | $ | (6.2) |  |  | $ | (89.3) |  |  | $ | (89.8) |  |

The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated balances of other comprehensive income (loss) for the six months ended August 26, 2022:

| Unrealized gain on investment | Pension and other post-retirement liability adjustments | Derivative amortization | Foreign currency translation adjustments | Total
Balance as of February 25, 2022 | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | 5.2 |  |  | $ | (6.7) |  |  | $ | (49.4) |  |  | $ | (50.6) |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | — |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | — |  |  | (39.9) |  |  | (39.1) |  |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | — |  |  | (0.6) |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | — |  |  | (0.1) |  |
Net other comprehensive income (loss) during the period | — |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | (39.9) |  |  | (39.2) |  |
Balance as of August 26, 2022 | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | 5.4 |  |  | $ | (6.2) |  |  | $ | (89.3) |  |  | $ | (89.8) |  |

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following table provides details about reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three and six months ended August 26, 2022 and August 27, 2021:

Detail of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Components | Amounts Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Affected Line in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended |
August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 |  |
Amortization of pension and other post-retirement actuarial losses (gains) | $ | (0.4) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.8) |  |  | $ | (0.1) |  |  |  |  |  |  | Other income, net
Income tax expense | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | Income tax expense (benefit)
| (0.3) |  |  | — |  |  | (0.6) |  |  | (0.1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative amortization | 0.3 |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | 0.7 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Interest expense
Income tax benefit | (0.1) |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | (0.2) |  |  |  |  |  |  | Income tax expense (benefit)
| 0.2 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total reclassifications | $ | (0.1) |  |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | (0.1) |  |  | $ | 0.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
6.FAIR VALUE
The carrying amounts for many of our financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts and notes receivable, accounts payable, short-term borrowings and certain other liabilities, approximate their fair value due to their relatively short maturities. Our foreign exchange forward contracts and long-term investments are measured at fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Our total debt is carried at cost and was $563.5 and $482.5 as of August 26, 2022 and February 25, 2022, respectively. The fair value of our total debt is measured using a discounted cash flow analysis based on current market interest rates for similar types of instruments and was $538.3 and $516.7 as of August 26, 2022 and February 25, 2022, respectively. The estimation of the fair value of our total debt is based on Level 2 fair value measurements.
We periodically use derivative financial instruments to manage exposures to movements in foreign exchange rates and interest rates. The use of these financial instruments modifies the exposure of these risks with the intention to reduce our risk of short-term volatility. We do not use derivatives for speculative or trading purposes.
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value as of August 26, 2022 and February 25, 2022 are summarized below:

| August 26, 2022
Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 52.2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 52.2 |  |
Restricted cash | 6.4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6.4 |  |
Foreign exchange forward contracts | — |  |  | 1.8 |  |  | — |  |  | 1.8 |  |
Auction rate security | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2.6 |  |  | 2.6 |  |
| $ | 58.6 |  |  | $ | 1.8 |  |  | $ | 2.6 |  |  | $ | 63.0 |  |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange forward contracts | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.7) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.7) |  |
| $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.7) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.7) |  |
| February 25, 2022
Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 200.9 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 200.9 |  |
Restricted cash | 6.1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6.1 |  |
Foreign exchange forward contracts | — |  |  | 1.0 |  |  | — |  |  | 1.0 |  |
Auction rate security | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2.6 |  |  | 2.6 |  |
| $ | 207.0 |  |  | $ | 1.0 |  |  | $ | 2.6 |  |  | $ | 210.6 |  |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange forward contracts | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.3) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.3) |  |
| $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.3) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.3) |  |

Below is a roll-forward of assets and liabilities measured at fair value using Level 3 inputs for the six months ended August 26, 2022:

Roll-Forward of Fair Value Using Level 3 Inputs | Auction Rate Security |  |
Balance as of February 25, 2022 | $ | 2.6 |  |  |  |
Unrealized gain on investment | — |  |  |  |
Balance as of August 26, 2022 | $ | 2.6 |  |  |  |

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
7.INVENTORIES

Inventories | August 26, 2022 | February 25, 2022 |  |  |  |
Raw materials and work-in-process | $ | 276.4 |  |  | $ | 208.2 |  |  |  |  |  |
Finished goods | 153.7 |  |  | 146.9 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 430.1 |  |  | 355.1 |  |  |  |  |  |
Revaluation to LIFO | 33.4 |  |  | 28.9 |  |  |  |  |  |
| $ | 396.7 |  |  | $ | 326.2 |  |  |  |  |  |

The portion of inventories determined by the LIFO method was $162.5 and $141.4 as of August 26, 2022 and February 25, 2022, respectively.
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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
8.SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS
We have a $250.0 global committed bank facility, which expires in 2025. At our option, and subject to certain conditions, we may increase the aggregate commitment under the facility by up to $125.0 by obtaining at least one commitment from one or more lenders. As of August 26, 2022, total availability under the facility was limited to $203.2 as a result of covenant constraints. In Q2 2023, we borrowed $68.0 under the facility to fund a portion of our acquisition of Halcon, and we also borrowed under the facility to support our global operating requirements. As of August 26, 2022, our total borrowings outstanding under the facility were $79.8, which had an effective interest rate of 3.75%.
The facility does not include any restrictions on cash dividend payments or share repurchases. As of August 26, 2022, we were in compliance with all covenants under the facility.
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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
9. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
Performance Units
We have issued performance units (“PSUs”) to certain employees which are earned over a three-year performance period based on performance conditions established annually by the Compensation Committee within the first three months of the applicable fiscal year. The PSUs are then modified based on achievement of certain total shareholder return results relative to a comparison group of companies, which is a market condition. When the performance conditions for a fiscal year are established, or if the performance conditions involve a qualitative assessment and such assessment has been made, one-third of the PSUs issued are considered granted. Therefore, each of the three fiscal years within the performance period is considered an individual tranche of the award (referred to as "Tranche 1," "Tranche 2" and "Tranche 3," respectively).
As of August 26, 2022, the following PSUs have been issued and remained outstanding:
•428,700 PSUs to be earned over the period of 2023 through 2025 (the "2023 PSUs"),
•448,300 PSUs to be earned over the period of 2022 through 2024 (the "2022 PSUs") and
•529,500 PSUs to be earned over the period of 2021 through 2023 (the "2021 PSUs").
Once granted, the PSUs are expensed and recorded in Additional paid-in capital on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets over the remaining performance period. For participants who are or become retirement-eligible during the performance period, the PSUs are expensed over the period ending on the date the participant becomes retirement-eligible.
As of August 26, 2022, the 2023 PSUs, 2022 PSUs and 2021 PSUs were considered granted as follows:
•In Q1 2023, the performance conditions were established for Tranche 1 of the 2023 PSUs, Tranche 2 of the 2022 PSUs and Tranche 3 of the 2021 PSUs, and accordingly, such tranches were considered granted in Q1 2023.
•In Q1 2022, the performance conditions were established for Tranche 1 of the 2022 PSUs and Tranche 2 of the 2021 PSUs, and accordingly, such tranches were considered granted in Q1 2022.
•In Q1 2021, the performance conditions were established for Tranche 1 of the 2021 PSUs. These performance conditions involved a qualitative assessment which was made by the Compensation Committee in Q4 2021. Accordingly, such tranche was considered granted in Q4 2021.
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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
We used the Monte Carlo simulation model to calculate the fair value of the market conditions on the respective grant dates, which resulted in a total fair value of $5.2, $4.8 and $2.3 for the PSUs with market conditions granted in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, that remain outstanding as of August 26, 2022. The Monte Carlo simulation was computed using the following assumptions:

| FY23 Award | FY22 Award | FY21 Award
Tranche 1 | Tranche 2 | Tranche 1 | Tranche 3 | Tranche 2 | Tranche 1
Risk-free interest rate (1) | 2.6 | % |  | 2.3 | % |  | 0.3 | % |  | 1.6 | % |  | 0.2 | % |  | 0.2 | % |
Expected term | 3 years |  | 2 years |  | 3 years |  | 1 year |  | 2 years |  | 2 years |
Estimated volatility (2) | 52.2 | % |  | 43.8 | % |  | 53.5 | % |  | 28.7 | % |  | 61.3 | % |  | 58.1 | % |

_______________________________________
(1)Based on the U.S. Government bond benchmark on the grant date.
(2)Represents the historical price volatility of our Class A Common Stock for the three-year period preceding the grant date.
The total PSU expense (credit) and associated tax benefit recorded during the three and six months ended August 26, 2022 and August 27, 2021 are as follows:

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended |
Performance Units | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 |  |
Expense (credit) | $ | (0.2) |  |  | $ | 0.4 |  |  | $ | 3.9 |  |  | $ | 5.6 |  |  |  |  |  |
Tax benefit | — |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 1.0 |  |  | 1.4 |  |  |  |  |  |

The PSU activity for the six months ended August 26, 2022 is as follows:

Maximum Number of Shares of Nonvested Units | Total | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Unit
Nonvested as of February 25, 2022 | 1,205,833 |  | $ | 14.21 |
Granted | 1,125,192 |  | 11.13 |
Nonvested as of August 26, 2022 | 2,331,025 |  | $ | 12.72 |

As of August 26, 2022, there was $1.2 of remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested PSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted-average period of 2.0 years.
Restricted Stock Units
During the six months ended August 26, 2022, we awarded 1,068,507 restricted stock units ("RSUs") to certain employees. RSUs have restrictions on transfer which lapse one to three years after the date of grant, at which time the RSUs will be issued as unrestricted shares of Class A Common Stock. RSUs are expensed and recorded in Additional paid-in capital on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets over the requisite service period based on the value of the shares on the grant date. Generally, RSUs awarded are not forfeitable upon a qualifying retirement. For participants of those awards who are or become retirement-eligible during the service period, the RSUs are expensed over the period ending on the date that the participant becomes retirement-eligible.
The total RSU expense and associated tax benefit for the three and six months ended August 26, 2022 and August 27, 2021 are as follows:

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended |
Restricted Stock Units | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 |  |
Expense | $ | 3.3 |  |  | $ | 1.5 |  |  | $ | 11.2 |  |  | $ | 9.2 |  |  |  |  |  |
Tax benefit | 0.8 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | 2.8 |  |  | 2.3 |  |  |  |  |  |

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The RSU activity for the six months ended August 26, 2022 is as follows:

Nonvested Units | Total | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Unit
Nonvested as of February 25, 2022 | 3,445,438 |  | $ | 11.86 |
Granted | 1,068,507 |  | 11.21 |
Vested | (11,000) |  | 14.44 |
Forfeited | (26,444) |  | 13.13 |
Nonvested as of August 26, 2022 | 4,476,501 |  | $ | 11.69 |

As of August 26, 2022, there was $19.2 of remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested RSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted-average period of 1.7 years.
10. LEASES
We have operating leases for corporate offices, sales offices, showrooms, manufacturing and distribution facilities, vehicles and equipment that expire at various dates through 2036. Certain lease agreements include contingent rental payments based on per unit usage over contractual levels (e.g., miles driven or machine hours operated) and others include rental payments adjusted periodically for inflationary indexes. Additionally, some leases include options to renew or terminate the leases which can be exercised at our discretion.
The components of lease expense for the three and six months ended August 26, 2022 and August 27, 2021 are as follows:

| Three Months Ended |  | Six Months Ended |  |  |
August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 |  |
Operating lease cost | $ | 13.5 |  |  | $ | 13.2 |  |  | $ | 25.6 |  |  | $ | 26.3 |  |  |  |  |
Sublease rental income | (0.5) |  |  | (0.5) |  |  | (1.1) |  |  | (0.9) |  |  |  |  |
| $ | 13.0 |  |  | $ | 12.7 |  |  | $ | 24.5 |  |  | $ | 25.4 |  |  |  |  |

Supplemental cash flow and other information related to leases for the three and six months ended August 26, 2022 and August 27, 2021 are as follows:

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended |  |
August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 |  |
Cash flow information: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating cash flows used for operating leases | $ | 13.6 |  |  | $ | 13.4 |  |  | $ | 27.1 |  |  | $ | 26.8 |  |  |  |  |  |
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease obligations | $ | 10.3 |  |  | $ | 15.7 |  |  | $ | 13.5 |  |  | $ | 17.3 |  |  |  |  |  |

As of August 26, 2022 and August 27, 2021, the weighted-average remaining lease terms were 5.6 years and 6.2 years, respectively, and the weighted-average discount rates were 3.7% and 3.7%, respectively.
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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following table summarizes the future minimum lease payments as of August 26, 2022:

Fiscal year ending in February | Amount (1)
2023 | $ | 23.3 |  |
2024 | 49.0 |  |
2025 | 44.7 |  |
2026 | 34.9 |  |
2027 | 28.1 |  |
Thereafter | 53.0 |  |
Total lease payments | $ | 233.0 |  |
Less: Interest | 23.6 |  |
Present value of lease liabilities | $ | 209.4 |  |

_______________________________________
(1)Lease payments include options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised. The payments exclude legally binding minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced.
11.ACQUISITIONS
Viccarbe
In Q3 2022, we acquired Viccarbe Habitat, S.L. ("Viccarbe"), a Spanish designer of contemporary furniture for high-performance collaborative and social spaces. The transaction included the purchase of all the outstanding capital stock of Viccarbe for $34.9 (or €30.0) in an all-cash transaction using cash on-hand. Up to an additional $15.1 (or €13.0) is payable to the sellers based upon the achievement of certain revenue and operating income targets over a three-year period. This amount was determined to be contingent consideration and was treated for accounting purposes as part of the total purchase price of the acquisition. We used the Monte Carlo simulation model to calculate the fair value of the contingent consideration as of the acquisition date, which represents a Level 3 measurement. As a result, we recorded a related liability of $4.9 (or €4.2). An additional amount of $7.0 (or €6.0) is also payable to the sellers based upon the achievement of certain milestones and continued employment over a five-year period, which is being expensed over the service period on a straight-line basis.
Tangible assets and liabilities of Viccarbe were valued as of the acquisition date using a market analysis, and intangible assets were valued using a discounted cash flow analysis, which represents a Level 3 measurement. On the acquisition date, we recorded $11.7 related to identifiable intangible assets, $25.8 related to goodwill and $5.1 related to tangible assets. The tangible assets mainly consisted of working capital (primarily accounts receivable, inventory and accounts payable) and property, plant and equipment. Additionally, we recorded a deferred tax liability in the amount of $2.9 associated with the tax basis difference in acquired book assets. The goodwill was recorded in the EMEA segment and is not deductible for income tax purposes in Spain. The goodwill resulting from the acquisition is primarily related to the growth potential of Viccarbe and our intentions to expand the manufacturing of Viccarbe products in geographic regions outside of EMEA and to offer Viccarbe products through our global distribution network. Intangible assets are principally related to the Viccarbe trade name, dealer relationships and internally developed know-how and designs, which are being amortized over periods ranging from 9 to 13 years from the date of acquisition. The purchase price allocation for the acquisition was incomplete as of August 26, 2022, as we are evaluating certain deferred tax balances which will be finalized in Q3 2023.
The following table summarizes the purchased identified intangible assets and the respective fair value and useful life of each asset at the date of acquisition:

Other Intangible Assets | Useful Life (Years) | Fair Value
Trademark | 9.0 |  | $ | 4.6 |  |
Dealer relationships | 13.0 |  | 3.8 |  |
Know-how and designs | 9.0 |  | 3.3 |  |
|  |  | $ | 11.7 |  |

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The fair values of the purchased intangible assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives. The following table summarizes the estimated future amortization expense for the next five years as of August 26, 2022:

Fiscal Year Ending in February | Amount
2023 | $ | 0.5 |  |
2024 | 1.0 |  |
2025 | 1.1 |  |
2026 | 1.0 |  |
2027 | 1.0 |  |
| $ | 4.6 |  |

Halcon
In Q2 2023, we acquired Halcon, a Minnesota-based designer and manufacturer of precision-tailored wood furniture for the workplace. The transaction included the purchase of all the outstanding membership interests of Halcon for $127.5 less customer deposits of $24.3, plus an adjustment of $1.9 for working capital. The acquisition was funded using a combination of cash on-hand and borrowings under our global committed bank facility. Up to an additional $7.5 is payable to the sellers based upon the achievement of certain revenue and gross margin targets over a six-month period. This amount was determined to be contingent consideration and was treated for accounting purposes as part of the total purchase price of the acquisition. We used the Monte Carlo simulation model to calculate the fair value of the contingent consideration as of the acquisition date, which represents a Level 3 measurement. Based upon the results of the calculation, we did not record a liability for the contingent consideration. An additional amount of $2.0 is also payable to a seller based upon continued employment over a three-year period, which is being expensed over the service period on a straight-line basis.
Tangible assets and liabilities of Halcon were valued as of the acquisition date using a market analysis, and intangible assets were valued using a discounted cash flow analysis, which represents a Level 3 measurement. On the acquisition date, we recorded $51.8 related to identifiable intangible assets, $36.9 related to goodwill and $16.4 related to tangible assets. The tangible assets mainly consisted of property, plant, and equipment of $30.8, working capital (primarily inventory of $12.3) and customer deposits of $24.3. The goodwill was recorded in the Americas segment and is deductible for U.S. income tax purposes. The goodwill resulting from the acquisition is primarily related to the growth potential of Halcon expected to be driven by new product development, geographic expansion and the integration of Halcon products into our dealer network. Intangible assets are principally related to dealer relationships, the Halcon trade name and internally developed know-how and designs, which are being amortized over periods ranging from 9 to 10 years from the date of acquisition. We also acquired a backlog of orders which are expected to ship throughout the remainder of 2023. The purchase price allocation for the acquisition was incomplete as of August 26, 2022, as we are evaluating certain deferred tax balances and working capital adjustments. The amounts recognized related to the purchase price allocation will be finalized no later than one year after the acquisition date.
The following table summarizes the purchased identified intangible assets and the respective fair value and useful life of each asset at the date of acquisition:

Other Intangible Assets | Useful Life (Years) | Fair Value
Dealer relationships | 10.0 |  | $ | 21.5 |  |
Trademark | 9.0 |  | 14.0 |  |
Know-how and designs | 9.0 |  | 12.0 |  |
Backlog | 0.7 |  | 4.3 |  |
|  |  | $ | 51.8 |  |

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The fair values of the purchased intangible assets is being amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives. The following table summarizes the estimated future amortization expense for the next five years as of August 26, 2022:

Fiscal Year Ending in February | Amount
2023 | $ | 5.2 |  |
2024 | 5.0 |  |
2025 | 5.1 |  |
2026 | 5.0 |  |
2027 | 5.0 |  |
| $ | 25.3 |  |

12. REPORTABLE SEGMENTS
Our reportable segments consist of the Americas segment, the EMEA segment and the Other category. Unallocated corporate expenses are reported as Corporate.
The Americas segment serves customers in the U.S., Canada, the Caribbean Islands and Latin America with a comprehensive portfolio of furniture and architectural products marketed to corporate, government, healthcare, education and retail customers through the Steelcase, Coalesse, AMQ, Smith System, Orangebox, Viccarbe and Halcon brands.
The EMEA segment serves customers in Europe, the Middle East and Africa primarily under the Steelcase, Coalesse, Orangebox and Viccarbe brands, with a comprehensive portfolio of furniture and architectural products.
The Other category includes Asia Pacific and Designtex. Asia Pacific serves customers in Australia, China, India, Japan, Korea and other countries in Southeast Asia primarily under the Steelcase brand with a comprehensive portfolio of furniture and architectural products. Designtex sells textiles, wall coverings and surface imaging solutions specified by architects and designers directly to end-use customers through a direct sales force primarily in North America.
We primarily review and evaluate revenue and operating income by segment in both our internal review processes and for our external financial reporting. We also allocate resources primarily based on revenue and operating income. Total assets by segment include manufacturing and other assets associated with each segment.
Corporate expenses include unallocated portions of shared service functions such as information technology, corporate facilities, finance, human resources, research, legal and customer aviation, plus deferred compensation expense and income or losses associated with COLI. Corporate assets consist primarily of unallocated cash and cash equivalents, COLI, fixed assets, investments in unconsolidated affiliates and right-of-use assets related to operating leases.
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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Revenue and operating income (loss) for the three and six months ended August 26, 2022 and August 27, 2021 and total assets as of August 26, 2022 and February 25, 2022 by segment are presented in the following tables:

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended |
Reportable Segment Statement of Operations Data | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 |  |
Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Americas | $ | 651.6 |  |  | $ | 523.3 |  |  | $ | 1,172.4 |  |  | $ | 899.6 |  |  |  |  |  |
EMEA | 137.8 |  |  | 138.9 |  |  | 294.2 |  |  | 262.5 |  |  |  |  |  |
Other | 73.9 |  |  | 62.6 |  |  | 137.4 |  |  | 119.3 |  |  |  |  |  |
| $ | 863.3 |  |  | $ | 724.8 |  |  | $ | 1,604.0 |  |  | $ | 1,281.4 |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Americas | $ | 43.5 |  |  | $ | 44.7 |  |  | $ | 42.3 |  |  | $ | 29.7 |  |  |  |  |  |
EMEA | (6.8) |  |  | (1.6) |  |  | (5.5) |  |  | (7.3) |  |  |  |  |  |
Other | (1.3) |  |  | (4.2) |  |  | (4.2) |  |  | (9.5) |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate | (6.5) |  |  | (5.0) |  |  | (16.3) |  |  | (10.8) |  |  |  |  |  |
| $ | 28.9 |  |  | $ | 33.9 |  |  | $ | 16.3 |  |  | $ | 2.1 |  |  |  |  |  |

Reportable Segment Balance Sheet Data | August 26, 2022 | February 25, 2022 |
Total assets |  |  |  |  |
Americas | $ | 1,358.1 |  |  | $ | 1,110.4 |  |  |
EMEA | 420.0 |  |  | 475.2 |  |  |
Other | 227.0 |  |  | 227.6 |  |  |
Corporate | 297.5 |  |  | 447.8 |  |  |
| $ | 2,302.6 |  |  | $ | 2,261.0 |  |  |

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
13. RESTRUCTURING ACTIVITIES
In Q4 2022, our Board of Directors approved restructuring actions related to the exit of our technology business in connection with our strategy to shift from offering a portfolio of technology products toward partnering with technology companies to create integrated collaborative solutions. The restructuring actions primarily included involuntary terminations of the majority of salaried employees of the business and the termination of supplier and customer contracts related to the business. We incurred $4.7 in restructuring costs in the Americas segment related to these actions, primarily consisting of cash severance payments and payment of other business exit costs. We recorded $1.8 related to employee termination costs and $2.4 related to business exit and other related costs during Q1 2023. In Q2 2023, we recorded a charge of $0.5 related to the impairment of a right-of-use operating lease asset which was utilized by our technology business. These restructuring actions are complete.
The following table details the changes in the restructuring reserve balance as of August 26, 2022:

| Workforce Reductions | Business Exit and Related Costs | Total
Balance as of February 25, 2022 | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |
Restructuring costs | 1.8 |  |  | 2.4 |  |  | 4.2 |  |
Payments | (1.8) |  |  | (2.4) |  |  | (4.2) |  |
Balance as of August 26, 2022 | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |

14. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On September 21, 2022, our Board of Directors authorized a series of actions to reduce operational spending across certain functions. The actions may include the elimination of up to 180 salaried positions in the Americas segment and Corporate functions. As a result of these actions, we currently expect to incur approximately $8 in restructuring costs, consisting of cash severance payments and other separation-related benefits. We expect these actions to be completed in Q3 2023.
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Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations:
This management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations ("MD&A") should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 25, 2022. Reference to a year relates to the fiscal year, ended in February of the year indicated, rather than the calendar year, unless indicated by a specific date. Additionally, Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 reference the first, second, third and fourth quarter, respectively, of the fiscal year indicated. All amounts are in millions, except share and per share data, data presented as a percentage or as otherwise indicated.
This item contains certain non-GAAP financial measures. A “non-GAAP financial measure” is defined as a numerical measure of a company’s financial performance that excludes or includes amounts so as to be different than the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP in the condensed consolidated statements of operations, balance sheets or statements of cash flows of the company. The non-GAAP financial measures used are (1) organic revenue growth, (2) adjusted operating income (loss) and (3) adjusted earnings per share. Pursuant to the requirements of Regulation G, we have provided a reconciliation of each of the non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure in the tables below. These measures are supplemental to, and should be used in conjunction with, the most comparable GAAP measures. Management uses these non-GAAP financial measures to monitor and evaluate financial results and trends. See Non-GAAP Financial Measures for a description of these measures and why management believes they are also useful to investors.
Financial Summary
Our reportable segments consist of the Americas segment, the EMEA segment and the Other category. Unallocated corporate expenses are reported as Corporate.
Results of Operations

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended |
Statement of Operations Data | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 |  |
Revenue | $ | 863.3 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 724.8 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,604.0 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,281.4 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales | 612.5 |  |  | 70.9 |  |  | 518.0 |  |  | 71.5 |  |  | 1,160.7 |  |  | 72.4 |  |  | 919.9 |  |  | 71.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring costs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.9 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit | 250.8 |  |  | 29.1 |  |  | 206.8 |  |  | 28.5 |  |  | 442.4 |  |  | 27.6 |  |  | 361.5 |  |  | 28.2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating expenses | 221.4 |  |  | 25.7 |  |  | 172.9 |  |  | 23.8 |  |  | 422.3 |  |  | 26.3 |  |  | 359.4 |  |  | 28.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring costs | 0.5 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3.8 |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating income | 28.9 |  |  | 3.3 |  |  | 33.9 |  |  | 4.7 |  |  | 16.3 |  |  | 1.0 |  |  | 2.1 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense | (7.2) |  |  | (0.8) |  |  | (6.4) |  |  | (0.9) |  |  | (13.6) |  |  | (0.8) |  |  | (12.8) |  |  | (1.0) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment income | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other income, net | 4.4 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 1.8 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 7.5 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 1.0 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit) | 26.4 |  |  | 3.1 |  |  | 29.4 |  |  | 4.0 |  |  | 10.6 |  |  | 0.7 |  |  | (9.4) |  |  | (0.7) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income tax expense (benefit) | 6.8 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | 4.7 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 2.4 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | (6.0) |  |  | (0.4) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | 19.6 |  |  | 2.3 | % |  | $ | 24.7 |  |  | 3.4 | % |  | $ | 8.2 |  |  | 0.5 | % |  | $ | (3.4) |  |  | (0.3) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Earnings (loss) per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 0.17 |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.21 |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.07 |  |  |  |  | $ | (0.03) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Diluted | $ | 0.17 |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.21 |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.07 |  |  |  |  | $ | (0.03) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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Q2 2023 Organic Revenue Growth | Americas | EMEA | Other | Consolidated
Q2 2022 revenue | $ | 523.3 |  |  | $ | 138.9 |  |  | $ | 62.6 |  |  | $ | 724.8 |  |
Acquisitions | 15.1 |  |  | 2.5 |  |  | — |  |  | 17.6 |  |
Currency translation effects | (0.7) |  |  | (18.1) |  |  | (1.5) |  |  | (20.3) |  |
Q2 2022 revenue, adjusted | 537.7 |  |  | 123.3 |  |  | 61.1 |  |  | 722.1 |  |
Q2 2023 revenue | 651.6 |  |  | 137.8 |  |  | 73.9 |  |  | 863.3 |  |
Organic growth $ | $ | 113.9 |  |  | $ | 14.5 |  |  | $ | 12.8 |  |  | $ | 141.2 |  |
Organic growth % | 21 | % |  | 12 | % |  | 21 | % |  | 20 | % |

Year-to-date 2023 Organic Revenue Growth | Americas | EMEA | Other | Consolidated
Year-to-date 2022 revenue | $ | 899.6 |  |  | $ | 262.5 |  |  | $ | 119.3 |  |  | $ | 1,281.4 |  |
Acquisitions | 16.1 |  |  | 5.0 |  |  | — |  |  | 21.1 |  |
Currency translation effects | (1.2) |  |  | (29.6) |  |  | (2.1) |  |  | (32.9) |  |
Year-to-date 2022 revenue, adjusted | 914.5 |  |  | 237.9 |  |  | 117.2 |  |  | 1,269.6 |  |
Year-to-date 2023 revenue | 1,172.4 |  |  | 294.2 |  |  | 137.4 |  |  | 1,604.0 |  |
Organic growth $ | $ | 257.9 |  |  | $ | 56.3 |  |  | $ | 20.2 |  |  | $ | 334.4 |  |
Organic growth % | 28 | % |  | 24 | % |  | 17 | % |  | 26 | % |

Adjusted Operating Income | Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021
Operating income | $ | 28.9 |  |  | 3.3 | % |  | $ | 33.9 |  |  | 4.7 | % |  | $ | 16.3 |  |  | 1.0 | % |  | $ | 2.1 |  |  | 0.2 | % |
Amortization of purchased intangible assets | 6.4 |  |  | 0.7 |  |  | 3.6 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 10.2 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 7.2 |  |  | 0.5 |  |
Restructuring costs | 0.5 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4.7 |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
Adjusted operating income | $ | 35.8 |  |  | 4.1 | % |  | $ | 37.5 |  |  | 5.2 | % |  | $ | 31.2 |  |  | 1.9 | % |  | $ | 9.3 |  |  | 0.7 | % |

Adjusted Earnings Per Share | Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021
Earnings (loss) per share | $ | 0.17 |  |  | $ | 0.21 |  |  | $ | 0.07 |  |  | $ | (0.03) |  |
Amortization of purchased intangible assets, per share | 0.05 |  |  | 0.03 |  |  | 0.09 |  |  | 0.06 |  |
Income tax effect of amortization of purchased intangible assets, per share | (0.01) |  |  | (0.01) |  |  | (0.02) |  |  | (0.02) |  |
Restructuring costs, per share | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.04 |  |  | — |  |
Income tax effect of restructuring costs, per share | — |  |  | — |  |  | (0.01) |  |  | — |  |
Adjusted earnings per share | $ | 0.21 |  |  | $ | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.17 |  |  | $ | 0.01 |  |

Overview
In Q2 2023, our revenue increased 19% compared to the prior year, driven by strong beginning order backlog, significant pricing benefits and our acquisition of Halcon. We continued to experience significant inflation in steel, other commodities, fuel and logistics costs during the quarter, but year-over-year pricing benefits of approximately $80 exceeded year-over-year inflation by approximately $30. While we expect inflationary pressure to remain, we believe that year-over-year benefits from our pricing actions will continue to exceed year-over-year inflation in the second half of 2023.
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Our orders grew 5% in Q2 2023 compared to the prior year, driven by pricing benefits in the Americas and EMEA, partially offset by a decline in order volume in the Americas. In response to the volume decline and lower-than-expected return-to-office trends in the Americas, we have adjusted our planned levels of operational spending while we expect to continue to prioritize our investments in strategic growth initiatives. As a result, we have announced plans to eliminate up to 180 salaried positions in the Americas segment and Corporate functions in Q3 2023 and expect to maintain other cost reduction efforts during the remainder of 2023.
Q2 2023 Compared to Q2 2022
We recorded net income of $19.6 and earnings per share of $0.17 in Q2 2023 compared to net income of $24.7 and earnings per share of $0.21 in the prior year. Operating income of $28.9 in Q2 2023 represented a decrease of $5.0 compared to operating income of $33.9 in the prior year, which included a $15.4 gain from the sale of land. Excluding the land gain in the prior year, the increase in operating income was primarily driven by higher volume and higher pricing benefits, which improved gross margin, partially offset by higher operating expenses. We reported adjusted operating income of $35.8 and adjusted earnings per share of $0.21 in Q2 2023, and we had adjusted operating income of $37.5 and adjusted earnings per share of $0.23 in the prior year.
Revenue of $863.3 in Q2 2023 represented an increase of $138.5 or 19% compared to the prior year. Approximately $80 of the increase was related to higher pricing benefits, and approximately $75 was related to higher volume (including acquisitions), partially offset by approximately $20 of unfavorable currency translation effects, primarily in EMEA. Revenue growth was driven by the Americas, in part by Smith System and our acquisition of Halcon. Revenue increased by 25% in the Americas and by 18% in the Other category, while EMEA revenue decreased by 1%. Organic revenue growth was $141.2 or 20% compared to the prior year, with 21% growth in the Americas, 12% growth in EMEA and 21% growth in the Other category.
Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue improved by 60 basis points in Q2 2023 compared to the prior year. The improvement was driven by approximately $30 of higher pricing benefits, net of inflation, and the benefits of higher volume, partially offset by approximately $10 of higher fixed overhead costs and labor inefficiencies. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue improved by 120 basis points in the Americas and 90 basis points in the Other category but increased by 340 basis points in EMEA.
Operating expenses increased by $48.5 in Q2 2023, or 190 basis points as a percentage of revenue, compared to the prior year, which included a $15.4 gain from the sale of land. Compared to the prior year, operating expenses in Q2 2023 included:
•$13.6 of higher marketing, product development and sales expenses,
•$8.4 of higher variable compensation expense,
•$7.9 from acquisitions and
•$4.6 of higher spending in other functional areas, primarily information technology and strategy,
•partially offset by $4.9 of favorable currency translation effects.
Our Q2 2023 effective tax rate was 25.8% compared to a Q2 2022 effective tax rate of 16.0%, which included $3.8 of discrete tax benefits.
Year-to-date 2023 Compared to Year-to-date 2022
We recorded net income of $8.2 and earnings per share of $0.07 in year-to-date 2023 compared to a net loss of $3.4 and loss per share of $0.03 in the prior year. Operating income of $16.3 in year-to-date 2023 represented an increase of $14.2 compared to operating income of $2.1 in the prior year. The increase was driven by higher revenue and lower operating expenses as a percentage of revenue, partially offset by higher cost of sales as a percentage of revenue. Year-to-date 2023 included $4.7 of restructuring costs in the Americas related to the exit of our technology business. We reported adjusted operating income of $31.2 and adjusted earnings per share of $0.17 in year-to-date 2023, and we had adjusted operating income of $9.3 and adjusted earnings per share of $0.01 in the prior year.
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Revenue of $1,604.0 in year-to-date 2023 represented an increase of $322.6 or 25% compared to the prior year, driven by growth across all segments. Approximately $215 of the increase was related to higher volume (including acquisitions), and approximately $130 was related to higher pricing benefits, partially offset by approximately $30 of unfavorable currency translation effects, primarily in EMEA. Revenue increased by 30% in the Americas, 12% in EMEA and 15% in the Other category. Organic revenue growth was $334.4 or 26% compared to the prior year, with 28% growth in the Americas, 24% growth in EMEA and 17% growth in the Other category.
Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue increased by 60 basis points in year-to-date 2023 compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by approximately $103 of higher inflation and $18 of higher fixed overhead costs and labor inefficiencies, partially offset by the benefits of higher volume and approximately $130 of higher pricing benefits. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue increased by 40 basis points in the Americas and 190 basis points in EMEA but improved by 90 basis points in the Other category.
Operating expenses increased by $62.9 in year-to-date 2023, but decreased by 170 basis points as a percentage of revenue, compared to the prior year, which included a $15.4 gain from the sale of land. Compared to the prior year, operating expenses in year-to-date 2023 included:
•$25.3 of higher marketing, product development and sales expenses,
•$11.6 of higher spending in other functional areas, primarily information technology, aviation and strategy,
•$9.7 from acquisitions and
•$8.6 of higher variable compensation expense,
•partially offset by a $4.0 gain from the sale of land and $8.5 of favorable currency translation effects.
We recorded restructuring costs of $4.7 in the Americas in year-to-date 2023 related to the exit of our technology business. See Note 13 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.
Our year-to-date 2023 effective tax rate was 22.6% compared to a year-to-date 2022 effective tax rate of 63.8%. The year-to-date 2022 effective tax rate reflected the impact of lower earnings and included $3.4 of discrete tax benefits.
Interest Expense, Investment Income and Other Income (Expense), Net

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
Interest Expense, Investment Income and Other Income (Expense), Net | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021
Interest expense | $ | (7.2) |  |  | $ | (6.4) |  |  | $ | (13.6) |  |  | $ | (12.8) |  |
Investment income | 0.3 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | 0.3 |  |
Other income, net: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity in income of unconsolidated affiliates | 3.2 |  |  | 1.0 |  |  | 5.5 |  |  | 2.3 |  |
Foreign exchange gains (losses) | 0.1 |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | 1.6 |  |  | (0.3) |  |
Net periodic pension and post-retirement credit, excluding service cost | (0.4) |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | (0.4) |  |  | (0.3) |  |
Miscellaneous income (expense), net | 1.5 |  |  | 1.0 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | (0.7) |  |
Total other income, net | 4.4 |  |  | 1.8 |  |  | 7.5 |  |  | 1.0 |  |
Total interest expense, investment income and other income, net | $ | (2.5) |  |  | $ | (4.5) |  |  | $ | (5.7) |  |  | $ | (11.5) |  |

Interest expense increased in Q2 2023 and year-to-date 2023 compared to the prior year as a result of borrowings under our global committed bank facility in Q2 2023. Total other income, net increased by $2.6 in Q2 2023 compared to the prior year, driven by a $2.2 increase in income recorded from our unconsolidated affiliates. Total other income, net increased by $6.5 in year-to-date 2023 compared to the prior year, driven by a $3.2 increase in income recorded from our unconsolidated affiliates and a $1.9 increase of foreign exchange gains.
Business Segment Review
See Note 12 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding our business segments.
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Americas
The Americas segment serves customers in the U.S., Canada, the Caribbean Islands and Latin America with a comprehensive portfolio of furniture and architectural products marketed to corporate, government, healthcare, education and retail customers through the Steelcase, Coalesse, AMQ, Smith System, Orangebox, Viccarbe and Halcon brands.

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended |
Statement of Operations Data — Americas | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 |  |
Revenue | $ | 651.6 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 523.3 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,172.4 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 899.6 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales | 455.9 |  |  | 70.0 |  |  | 372.6 |  |  | 71.2 |  |  | 845.9 |  |  | 72.1 |  |  | 645.1 |  |  | 71.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring costs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.9 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit | 195.7 |  |  | 30.0 |  |  | 150.7 |  |  | 28.8 |  |  | 325.6 |  |  | 27.8 |  |  | 254.5 |  |  | 28.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating expenses | 151.7 |  |  | 23.2 |  |  | 106.0 |  |  | 20.3 |  |  | 279.5 |  |  | 23.9 |  |  | 224.8 |  |  | 25.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring costs | 0.5 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3.8 |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating income | $ | 43.5 |  |  | 6.7 | % |  | $ | 44.7 |  |  | 8.5 | % |  | $ | 42.3 |  |  | 3.6 | % |  | $ | 29.7 |  |  | 3.3 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Adjusted Operating Income — Americas | Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021
Operating income | $ | 43.5 |  |  | 6.7 | % |  | $ | 44.7 |  |  | 8.5 | % |  | $ | 42.3 |  |  | 3.6 | % |  | $ | 29.7 |  |  | 3.3 | % |
Amortization of purchased intangible assets | 5.3 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | 2.6 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 7.9 |  |  | 0.7 |  |  | 5.2 |  |  | 0.6 |  |
Restructuring costs | 0.5 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4.7 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
Adjusted operating income | $ | 49.3 |  |  | 7.6 | % |  | $ | 47.3 |  |  | 9.0 | % |  | $ | 54.9 |  |  | 4.7 | % |  | $ | 34.9 |  |  | 3.9 | % |

Operating income in the Americas decreased by $1.2 in Q2 2023 compared to the prior year, which included a $15.4 gain from the sale of land. Excluding the land gain in the prior year, the increase in operating income was primarily driven by higher volume and higher pricing benefits, which improved gross margin, partially offset by higher operating expenses. Adjusted operating income of $49.3 in Q2 2023 represented an improvement of $2.0 compared the prior year. Operating income in the Americas increased by $12.6 in year-to-date 2023 compared to the prior year. The year-to-date improvement was driven by higher revenue and lower operating expenses as a percentage of revenue. Year-to-date 2023 also included $4.7 of restructuring costs. Adjusted operating income of $54.9 in year-to-date 2023 represented an improvement of $20.0 compared the prior year.
The Americas revenue represented 75.5% of consolidated revenue in Q2 2023. In Q2 2023, revenue increased by $128.3 or 25% compared to the prior year. The increase included approximately $65 related to higher volume (including acquisitions) and approximately $60 related to higher pricing benefits, and reflected strong growth at Smith System. Organic revenue growth in Q2 2023 was $113.9 or 21% compared to the prior year. The Americas revenue represented 73.1% of consolidated revenue in year-to-date 2023. Year-to-date 2023 revenue of $1,172.4 represented an increase of $272.8 or 30% compared to the prior year. Approximately $175 of the increase related to higher volume, and approximately $100 related to higher pricing benefits. Organic revenue growth in year-to-date 2023 was $257.9 or 28% compared to the prior year.
Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue decreased by 120 basis points in Q2 2023 compared to the prior year. The improvement was driven by the benefits of higher volume, and approximately $23 of higher pricing benefits, net of inflation, partially offset by approximately $11 of higher fixed overhead costs and labor inefficiencies. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue increased by 40 basis points in year-to-date 2023 compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by approximately $83 of higher inflation and approximately $17 of higher fixed overhead costs and labor inefficiencies, partially offset by the benefits of higher volume and approximately $100 of higher pricing benefits.
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Operating expenses increased by $45.7 in Q2 2023, or 290 basis points as a percentage of revenue, compared to the prior year, which included a $15.4 gain from the sale of land. The current year included $10.6 of higher marketing, product development and sales expenses, $6.4 from acquisitions, $6.4 of higher variable compensation expense and $5.3 of higher spending in other functional areas. Operating expenses in year-to-date 2023 increased by $54.7, but decreased by 110 basis points as a percentage of revenue, compared to the prior year, which included a $15.4 gain from the sale of land. The current year included $19.8 of higher marketing, product development and sales expenses, $9.0 of higher spending in other functional areas, $6.7 from acquisitions and $6.0 of higher variable compensation expense, partially offset by a $4.0 gain from the sale of land.
EMEA
The EMEA segment serves customers in Europe, the Middle East and Africa primarily under the Steelcase, Coalesse, Orangebox and Viccarbe brands, with a comprehensive portfolio of furniture and architectural products.

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended |
Statement of Operations Data — EMEA | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 |  |
Revenue | $ | 137.8 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 138.9 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 294.2 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 262.5 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales | 105.3 |  |  | 76.4 |  |  | 101.4 |  |  | 73.0 |  |  | 219.4 |  |  | 74.6 |  |  | 190.9 |  |  | 72.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit | 32.5 |  |  | 23.6 |  |  | 37.5 |  |  | 27.0 |  |  | 74.8 |  |  | 25.4 |  |  | 71.6 |  |  | 27.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating expenses | 39.3 |  |  | 28.5 |  |  | 39.1 |  |  | 28.2 |  |  | 80.3 |  |  | 27.3 |  |  | 78.9 |  |  | 30.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating loss | $ | (6.8) |  |  | (4.9) | % |  | $ | (1.6) |  |  | (1.2) | % |  | $ | (5.5) |  |  | (1.9) | % |  | $ | (7.3) |  |  | (2.8) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Adjusted Operating Loss — EMEA | Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended
August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021
Operating loss | $ | (6.8) |  |  | (4.9) | % |  | $ | (1.6) |  |  | (1.2) | % |  | $ | (5.5) |  |  | (1.9) | % |  | $ | (7.3) |  |  | (2.8) | % |
Amortization of purchased intangible assets | 1.1 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | 1.0 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | 2.3 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | 2.0 |  |  | 0.8 |  |
Adjusted operating loss | $ | (5.7) |  |  | (4.1) | % |  | $ | (0.6) |  |  | (0.4) | % |  | $ | (3.2) |  |  | (1.1) | % |  | $ | (5.3) |  |  | (2.0) | % |

Operating results in EMEA decreased by $5.2 in Q2 2023 compared to the prior year. The decline was driven by higher cost of sales as a percentage of revenue as a result of higher inflation compared to the prior year. The operating results in EMEA improved by $1.8 in year-to-date 2023 compared to the prior year. The improvement was driven by higher revenue and lower operating expenses as a percentage of revenue, partially offset by higher cost of sales as a percentage of revenue.
EMEA revenue represented 16.0% of consolidated revenue in Q2 2023. In Q2 2023, revenue decreased by $1.1 or 1% compared to the prior year. Approximately $13 of higher pricing benefits were more than offset by approximately $18 of unfavorable currency translation effects, while volume remained flat. Organic revenue growth was $14.5 or 12% compared to the prior year. EMEA revenue represented 18.3% of consolidated revenue in year-to-date 2023. In year-to-date 2023, revenue of $294.2 represented an increase of $31.7 or 12% compared to the prior year, driven by growth across most markets. Approximately $30 of the increase was related to higher volume, and approximately $25 was related to higher pricing benefits, partially offset by approximately $30 of unfavorable currency translation effects. Organic revenue growth year-to-date 2023 was $56.3 or 24% compared to the prior year.
Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue increased by 340 basis points in Q2 2023 compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by approximately $10 of higher inflation and approximately $1 in higher labor inefficiencies, partially offset by higher pricing benefits. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue increased by 190 basis points in year-to-date 2023 compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by approximately $16 of higher inflation, approximately $2 of unfavorable currency impacts and approximately $2 in higher overhead costs and labor inefficiencies, partially offset by the benefits of higher volume and approximately $25 of higher pricing benefits.
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Operating expenses increased by $0.2 in Q2 2023, or 30 basis points as a percentage of revenue, compared to the prior year. The current year included $1.9 of higher marketing, product development and sales expenses, $1.4 from an acquisition and $1.1 of higher variable compensation expense, partially offset by $4.9 of favorable currency translation effects. Operating expenses increased by $1.4 in year-to-date 2023, but decreased by 280 basis points as a percentage of revenue, compared to the prior year. The current year included $4.5 of higher marketing, product development and sales expenses, $2.8 from an acquisition and $1.5 of higher variable compensation expense, partially offset by $8.5 of favorable currency translation effects.
Other
The Other category includes Asia Pacific and Designtex. Asia Pacific serves customers in Australia, China, India, Japan, Korea and other countries in Southeast Asia primarily under the Steelcase brand with a comprehensive portfolio of furniture and architectural products. Designtex sells textiles, wall coverings and surface imaging solutions specified by architects and designers directly to end-use customers through a direct sales force primarily in North America.

| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Statement of Operations Data — Other | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue | $ | 73.9 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 62.6 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 137.4 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 119.3 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales | 51.3 |  |  | 69.4 |  |  | 44.0 |  |  | 70.3 |  |  | 95.4 |  |  | 69.4 |  |  | 83.9 |  |  | 70.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit | 22.6 |  |  | 30.6 |  |  | 18.6 |  |  | 29.7 |  |  | 42.0 |  |  | 30.6 |  |  | 35.4 |  |  | 29.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating expenses | 23.9 |  |  | 32.4 |  |  | 22.8 |  |  | 36.4 |  |  | 46.2 |  |  | 33.7 |  |  | 44.9 |  |  | 37.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating loss | $ | (1.3) |  |  | (1.8) | % |  | $ | (4.2) |  |  | (6.7) | % |  | $ | (4.2) |  |  | (3.1) | % |  | $ | (9.5) |  |  | (8.0) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Operating results in the Other category improved by $2.9 in Q2 2023 compared to the prior year. The improvement was driven by higher revenue, lower cost of sales as a percentage of revenue and lower operating expenses as a percentage of revenue. Year-to-date 2023 operating results improved by $5.3 compared to the prior year, driven by the same factors as the quarter.
Revenue in the Other category represented 8.5% of consolidated revenue in Q2 2023. In Q2 2023, revenue increased by $11.3 or 18% compared to the prior year, driven by India, Southeast Asia, Designtex and Japan, partially offset by China and Australia. Approximately $7 of the increase was related to higher volume, and approximately $4 was related to higher pricing benefits. Organic revenue growth was $12.8 or 21% compared to the prior year, driven by the same factors as the quarter. Year-to-date 2023 revenue of $137.4 represented an increase of $18.1 or 15% compared to the prior year. Approximately $12 of the increase was related to higher volume, and approximately $6 was related to higher pricing benefits. Organic revenue growth was $20.2 or 17% compared to the prior year.
Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue decreased by 90 basis points in Q2 2023 compared to the prior year. The improvement was driven by the benefits of higher volume and approximately $2 of higher pricing benefits, net of inflation, partially offset by a $1.7 charge related to aged inventory. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue decreased by 90 basis points in year-to-date 2023 compared to the prior year, driven by the same factors as the quarter.
Operating expenses increased by $1.1 in Q2 2023, but decreased by 400 basis points as a percentage of revenue, compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by $1.0 of higher marketing, product development and sales expenses. Operating expenses increased by $1.3 in year-to-date 2023, but decreased by 400 basis points as a percentage of revenue, compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by the same factors as the quarter.
Corporate
Corporate expenses include unallocated portions of shared service functions such as information technology, corporate facilities, finance, human resources, research, legal and customer aviation, plus deferred compensation expense and income or losses associated with COLI.
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| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended |
Statement of Operations Data — Corporate | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021 |  |
Operating expenses | $ | 6.5 |  |  | $ | 5.0 |  |  | $ | 16.3 |  |  | $ | 10.8 |  |  |  |  |  |

Operating expenses increased by $1.5 in Q2 2023 compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by $3.0 of lower COLI income, partially offset by $1.9 of lower deferred compensation expense. Operating expenses increased by $5.5 in year-to-date 2023 compared to the prior year, driven by $7.8 of lower COLI income and $3.4 of higher spending, partially offset by $5.9 of lower deferred compensation expense.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
The non-GAAP financial measures used in this MD&A are: (1) organic revenue growth, (2) adjusted operating income (loss) and (3) adjusted earnings per share.
Organic Revenue Growth
We define organic revenue growth as revenue growth excluding the impact of acquisitions and divestitures and foreign currency translation effects. Organic revenue growth is calculated by adjusting prior year revenue to include revenues of acquired companies prior to the date of the company's acquisition, to exclude revenues of divested companies and to use current year average exchange rates in the calculation of foreign-denominated revenue. We believe organic revenue growth is a meaningful metric to investors as it provides a more consistent comparison of our revenue to prior periods as well as to industry peers.
Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) and Adjusted Earnings Per Share
We define adjusted operating income (loss) as operating income (loss) excluding amortization of purchased intangible assets and restructuring costs. We define adjusted earnings per share as earnings (loss) per share excluding amortization of purchased intangible assets and restructuring costs, net of related income tax effects.
•Amortization of purchased intangible assets: We may record intangible assets (such as backlog, dealer relationships, trademarks, know-how and designs and proprietary technology) when we acquire companies. We allocate the fair value of purchase consideration to net tangible and intangible assets acquired based on their estimated fair values. The fair value estimates for these intangible assets require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, which include the useful lives of intangible assets. We believe that adjusting for amortization of purchased intangible assets provides a more consistent comparison of our operating performance to prior periods as well as to industry peers. As our business strategy in recent years has included an increased number of acquisitions, intangible asset amortization has become more significant.
•Restructuring costs: Restructuring costs may be recorded as our business strategies change or in response to changing market trends and economic conditions. We believe that adjusting for restructuring costs, which are primarily associated with business exit and workforce reduction costs, provides a more consistent comparison of our operating performance to prior periods as well as to industry peers.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash and cash equivalents are used to fund day-to-day operations, including seasonal disbursements, particularly the annual payment of accrued variable compensation and retirement plan contributions in Q1 of each fiscal year. During normal business conditions, we target a range of $75 to $175 in cash and cash equivalents to fund operating requirements. In addition, we may carry additional liquidity for potential investments in strategic initiatives and as a cushion against economic volatility, and from time to time, we may allow our cash and cash equivalents to temporarily fall below our targeted range to fund acquisitions and other growth initiatives.

Liquidity Sources | August 26, 2022 | February 25, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 52.2 |  |  | $ | 200.9 |  |
Company-owned life insurance | 161.7 |  |  | 168.0 |  |
Availability under credit facilities | 136.4 |  |  | 262.0 |  |
Total liquidity sources available | $ | 350.3 |  |  | $ | 630.9 |  |

As of August 26, 2022, we held a total of $52.2 in cash and cash equivalents. Of that total, 32% was located in the U.S., and 68% was located outside of the U.S., primarily in China (including Hong Kong), Mexico, Malaysia, Canada and the United Kingdom.
COLI investments are recorded at their net cash surrender value. Our investments in COLI policies are intended to be utilized as a long-term funding source for long-term benefit obligations. However, COLI can also be used as a source of liquidity. We believe the financial strength of the issuing insurance companies associated with our COLI policies is sufficient to meet their obligations.
Availability under credit facilities may be reduced related to compliance with applicable covenants. See Liquidity Facilities for more information.
The following table summarizes our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended August 26, 2022 and August 27, 2021:

| Six Months Ended
Cash Flow Data | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021
Net cash provided by (used in): |  |  |  |
Operating activities | $ | (74.4) |  |  | $ | (61.6) |  |
Investing activities | (115.3) |  |  | (6.5) |  |
Financing activities | 43.3 |  |  | (59.9) |  |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (2.0) |  |  | (0.6) |  |
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (148.4) |  |  | (128.6) |  |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | 207.0 |  |  | 495.6 |  |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | 58.6 |  |  | $ | 367.0 |  |

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Cash used in operating activities

| Six Months Ended
Cash Flow Data — Operating Activities | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021
Net income (loss) | $ | 8.2 |  |  | $ | (3.4) |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 43.7 |  |  | 41.2 |  |
Share-based compensation | 15.6 |  |  | 15.2 |  |
Restructuring costs | 4.7 |  |  | — |  |
Changes in accounts receivable, inventories and accounts payable | (117.5) |  |  | (45.3) |  |
Income taxes receivable | 22.2 |  |  | (2.2) |  |
Employee compensation liabilities | 1.3 |  |  | (30.7) |  |
Employee benefit obligations | (18.6) |  |  | (14.9) |  |
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities | (34.0) |  |  | (21.5) |  |
Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (74.4) |  |  | $ | (61.6) |  |

Annual payments related to accrued variable compensation and retirement plan contributions totaled $32.4 in year-to-date 2023 compared to $50.4 in the prior year. The remaining change in employee compensation liabilities was driven by higher variable compensation expense in year-to-date 2023 compared to the prior year. In year-to-date 2023, we used cash in working capital, driven by increased inventory levels to mitigate the impact of supply chain disruptions and increased accounts receivable due to revenue growth. In year-to-date 2023, we received $29.7 related to the carryback of our fiscal year 2021 tax loss in the U.S.
Cash used in investing activities

| Six Months Ended
Cash Flow Data — Investing Activities | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021
Capital expenditures | $ | (28.9) |  |  | $ | (31.8) |  |
Proceeds from disposal of fixed assets | 5.6 |  |  | 16.8 |  |
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired | (105.4) |  |  | — |  |
Other | 13.4 |  |  | 8.5 |  |
Net cash used in investing activities | $ | (115.3) |  |  | $ | (6.5) |  |

Capital expenditures in year-to-date 2023 were primarily related to investments in manufacturing operations, product development, customer-facing facilities and information technology. In year-to-date 2023 and year-to-date 2022, proceeds from the disposal of fixed assets included $5.6 and $16.6, respectively, related to the sale of land. Other investing activities in year-to-date 2023 included $7.5 of proceeds from the sale of an investment in an unconsolidated affiliate and $5.1 of proceeds from COLI policy maturities. Other investing activities in the prior year included $6.4 of proceeds from COLI policy maturities.
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities

| Six Months Ended
Cash Flow Data — Financing Activities | August 26, 2022 | August 27, 2021
Dividends paid | $ | (34.0) |  |  | $ | (29.2) |  |
Common stock repurchases | (3.4) |  |  | (30.9) |  |
Borrowings on global committed bank facility | 266.8 |  |  | — |  |
Repayments on global committed bank facility | (187.0) |  |  | — |  |
Other | 0.9 |  |  | 0.2 |  |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | $ | 43.3 |  |  | $ | (59.9) |  |

We paid dividends of $0.145 per common share in Q1 2023 and Q2 2023, and $0.10 and $0.145 per common share in Q1 2022 and Q2 2022, respectively.
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In year-to-date 2023, we repurchased 279,301 shares of Class A common stock, all of which were repurchased to satisfy participants' tax withholding obligations upon the issuance of shares under equity awards, pursuant to the terms of our Incentive Compensation Plan. In year-to-date 2022, we repurchased 2,227,000 shares of Class A common stock, 359,527 of which were repurchased to satisfy participants' tax withholding obligations upon the issuance of shares under equity awards, pursuant to the terms of our Incentive Compensation Plan.
As of August 26, 2022, we had $6.4 of remaining availability under the $150 share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors in 2016.
Liquidity Facilities
The following table summarizes available capacity under our total liquidity facilities as of August 26, 2022:

Liquidity Facilities | August 26, 2022
Global committed bank facility | $ | 203.2 |  |
Other committed bank facility | 5.9 |  |
Various uncommitted facilities | 11.0 |  |
Total credit lines available | 220.1 |  |
Less: Borrowings outstanding | (83.7) |  |
Available capacity | $ | 136.4 |  |

We have a $250.0 global committed bank facility in effect through 2025. As of August 26, 2022, total availability under the facility was limited to $203.2 as a result of covenant constraints, there were $79.8 borrowings outstanding under the facility, and we were in compliance with all covenants under the facility.
We have an $8.0 committed bank facility related to a subsidiary. As of August 26, 2022, total availability under the facility was limited to $5.9 based on eligible accounts receivable of the subsidiary, and $3.3 was outstanding under the facility.
We have unsecured uncommitted short-term credit facilities available for working capital purposes with various financial institutions with a total U.S. dollar borrowing capacity of up to $3.7 and a total foreign currency borrowing capacity of up to $7.3 as of August 26, 2022. These credit facilities have no stated expiration date but may be changed or canceled by the banks at any time. As of August 26, 2022, $0.6 was outstanding under these facilities.
Total consolidated debt as of August 26, 2022 was $563.5. In addition to borrowings under our credit facilities, we have $445.1 in term notes due in 2029 with an effective interest rate of 5.6%, and a term loan with a balance of $33.5 as of August 26, 2022, which has a floating interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 1.20% and is due in Q1 2024. The term notes are unsecured, and the term loan is secured by our two corporate aircraft. The term notes and the term loan contain no financial covenants and are not cross-defaulted to our other debt facilities.
Liquidity Outlook
As of August 26, 2022, our total liquidity, which is comprised of cash and cash equivalents and the cash surrender value of COLI, aggregated to $213.9. Our liquidity position, funds available under our credit facilities and cash generated from future operations are expected to be sufficient to finance our known or foreseeable liquidity needs, including our material cash requirements.
During Q2 2023, there have been no significant changes in the items that we have identified as our material committed cash requirements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 25, 2022.
We also have other planned material usages of cash which we consider discretionary. This includes plans for capital expenditures which are expected to total approximately $50 to $60 in 2023 compared to $60.5 in 2022. In addition, we fund dividend payments declared by our Board of Directors. On September 21, 2022, we announced a quarterly dividend on our common stock of $0.10 per share, or approximately $11, to be paid in Q3 2023.
On September 21, 2022, we announced plans to eliminate up to 180 salaried positions in the Americas segment and Corporate functions, which we estimate will result in approximately $8 of cash severance and other separation-related benefit payments in Q3 2023.
Our material cash requirements are subject to fluctuation based on business requirements, economic volatility or investments in strategic initiatives. We anticipate the cash expected to be generated from future operations and current cash and cash equivalents, funds available under our credit facilities and funds available from COLI will be sufficient to fulfill our existing material cash requirements.
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Critical Accounting Estimates
During Q2 2023, there have been no changes in the items that we have identified as critical accounting estimates in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 25, 2022.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
See Note 2 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Forward-looking Statements
From time to time, in written and oral statements, we discuss our expectations regarding future events and our plans and objectives for future operations. These forward-looking statements discuss goals, intentions and expectations as to future trends, plans, events, results of operations or financial condition, or state other information relating to us, based on current beliefs of management as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, us. Forward-looking statements generally are accompanied by words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “intend,” “may,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project," "target” or other similar words, phrases or expressions. Although we believe these forward-looking statements are reasonable, they are based upon a number of assumptions concerning future conditions, any or all of which may ultimately prove to be inaccurate. Forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements and vary from our expectations because of factors such as, but not limited to, competitive and general economic conditions domestically and internationally; acts of terrorism, war, governmental action, natural disasters, pandemics and other Force Majeure events; cyberattacks; the COVID-19 pandemic and the actions taken by various governments and third parties to combat the pandemic; changes in the legal and regulatory environment; changes in raw material, commodity and other input costs; currency fluctuations; changes in customer demand; and the other risks and contingencies detailed in this Report, our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We undertake no obligation to update, amend, or clarify forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.
Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk:
The nature of market risks (i.e., the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices) faced by us as of August 26, 2022 is the same as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 25, 2022. We are exposed to market risks from foreign currency exchange, interest rates, commodity prices and fixed income and equity prices, which could affect our operating results, financial position and cash flows.
Foreign Exchange Risk
During Q2 2023, no material change in foreign exchange risk occurred.
Interest Rate Risk
During Q2 2023, no material change in interest rate risk occurred.
Commodity Price Risk
During Q2 2023, no material change in commodity price risk occurred.
Fixed Income and Equity Price Risk
During Q2 2023, no material change in fixed income and equity price risk occurred.
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Item 4.Controls and Procedures:
(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")), as of August 26, 2022. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of August 26, 2022, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in (1) recording, processing, summarizing and reporting, on a timely basis, information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act and (2) ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in such reports is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
(b) Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during our second fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1A. Risk Factors:
For a more detailed explanation of the risks affecting our business, please refer to the Risk Factors section in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 25, 2022. There have not been any material changes to the risk factors set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 25, 2022.
Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds:
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following is a summary of share repurchase activity during Q2 2023:

Period | (a) Total Number of Shares Purchased | (b) Average Price Paid per Share | (c) Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1) | (d) Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1) (in millions)
5/28/2022 - 7/1/2022 | 198 |  | $ | 11.92 |  | — |  | $ | 6.4 |
7/2/2022 - 7/29/2022 | — |  | $ | — |  | — |  | $ | 6.4 |
7/30/22 - 8/26/2022 | — |  | $ | — |  | — |  | $ | 6.4 |
Total | 198 |  | (2) | — |  |

_______________________________________
(1)In January 2016, the Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program, announced on January 19, 2016, permitting the repurchase of up to $150 of shares of our common stock.
(2)All shares were repurchased to satisfy participants’ tax withholding obligations upon the issuance of shares under equity awards, pursuant to the terms of our Incentive Compensation Plan.
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Item 6.Exhibits:

Exhibit No. | Description |
31.1 | Certification of CEO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
31.2 | Certification of CFO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
32.1 | Certification of CEO and CFO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document |
101.SCH | Inline XBRL Schema Document |
101.CAL | Inline XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document |
101.LAB | Inline XBRL Labels Linkbase Document |
101.PRE | Inline XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document |
101.DEF | Inline XBRL Definition Linkbase Document |
104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document) |

________________
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

STEELCASE INC. |

By: | /s/ David C. Sylvester
| David C. Sylvester Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer (Duly Authorized Officer, Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

Date: September 23, 2022
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